Typical markup:
&<> use & escapes
+PostgreSQL <productname>
+postgresql.conf, pg_hba.conf <filename>
[A-Z][A-Z ]+[A-Z] <command>
[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]+() <function>
[A-Za-z_]/[A-Za-z_]+ <filename>
-PostgreSQL <productname>
pg_[A-Za-z0-9_] <application>
-[A-Z][A-Z] <type>, <envar>, <literal>
+[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z_ ]* <type>, <envar>, <literal>
non-ASCII characters convert to HTML4 entity (&) escapes
wrap long lines
For new features, add links to the documentation sections. Use </link>
-so that Perl can remove it so HISTORY.html can be created with no
-links to the main documentation. This was added only in 8.2, so don't
-do it for earlier branch release files.
+not just </> so that generate_history.pl can remove it, so HISTORY.html
+can be created without links to the main documentation.
-->
review, so each item is truly a community effort.
</para>
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-7">
- <title>Release 8.3.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.3.6.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.3.5,
- see the release notes for 8.3.5.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>xpath()</> to not modify the path expression unless
- necessary, and to make a saner attempt at it when necessary (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The SQL standard suggests that <function>xpath</> should work on data
- that is a document fragment, but <application>libxml</> doesn't support
- that, and indeed it's not clear that this is sensible according to the
- XPath standard. <function>xpath</> attempted to work around this
- mismatch by modifying both the data and the path expression, but the
- modification was buggy and could cause valid searches to fail. Now,
- <function>xpath</> checks whether the data is in fact a well-formed
- document, and if so invokes <application>libxml</> with no change to the
- data or path expression. Otherwise, a different modification method
- that is somewhat less likely to fail is used.
- </para>
-
- <note>
- <para>
- The new modification method is still not 100% satisfactory, and it
- seems likely that no real solution is possible. This patch should
- therefore be viewed as a band-aid to keep from breaking existing
- applications unnecessarily. It is likely that
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> 8.4 will simply reject use of
- <function>xpath</> on data that is not a well-formed document.
- </para>
- </note>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible failure in text search when C locale is used with
- a multi-byte encoding (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Crashes were possible on platforms where <type>wchar_t</> is narrower
- than <type>int</>; Windows in particular.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix extreme inefficiency in text search parser's handling of an
- email-like string containing multiple <literal>@</> characters (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner problem with sub-<command>SELECT</> in the output list
- of a larger subquery (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The known symptom of this bug is a <quote>failed to locate grouping
- columns</> error that is dependent on the datatype involved;
- but there could be other issues as well.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix decompilation of <literal>CASE WHEN</> with an implicit coercion
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This mistake could lead to Assert failures in an Assert-enabled build,
- or an <quote>unexpected CASE WHEN clause</> error message in other
- cases, when trying to examine or dump a view.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible misassignment of the owner of a TOAST table's rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If <command>CLUSTER</> or a rewriting variant of <command>ALTER TABLE</>
- were executed by someone other than the table owner, the
- <structname>pg_type</> entry for the table's TOAST table would end up
- marked as owned by that someone. This caused no immediate problems,
- since the permissions on the TOAST rowtype aren't examined by any
- ordinary database operation. However, it could lead to unexpected
- failures if one later tried to drop the role that issued the command
- (in 8.1 or 8.2), or <quote>owner of data type appears to be invalid</>
- warnings from <application>pg_dump</> after having done so (in 8.3).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <command>UNLISTEN</> to exit quickly if the current session has
- never executed any <command>LISTEN</> command (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Most of the time this is not a particularly useful optimization, but
- since <command>DISCARD ALL</> invokes <command>UNLISTEN</>, the previous
- coding caused a substantial performance problem for applications that
- made heavy use of <command>DISCARD ALL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/pgSQL to not treat <literal>INTO</> after <command>INSERT</> as
- an INTO-variables clause anywhere in the string, not only at the start;
- in particular, don't fail for <command>INSERT INTO</> within
- <command>CREATE RULE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up PL/pgSQL error status variables fully at block exit
- (Ashesh Vashi and Dave Page)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is not a problem for PL/pgSQL itself, but the omission could cause
- the PL/pgSQL Debugger to crash while examining the state of a function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Retry failed calls to <function>CallNamedPipe()</> on Windows
- (Steve Marshall, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It appears that this function can sometimes fail transiently;
- we previously treated any failure as a hard error, which could
- confuse <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</> as well as other
- operations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-6">
- <title>Release 8.3.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.3.5.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.3.5,
- see the release notes for 8.3.5.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>DISCARD ALL</> release advisory locks, in addition
- to everything it already did (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was decided to be the most appropriate behavior. This could
- affect existing applications, however.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix whole-index GiST scans to work correctly (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This error could cause rows to be lost if a table is clustered
- on a GiST index.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <literal>xmlconcat(NULL)</> (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash in <literal>ispell</> dictionary if high-bit-set
- characters are used as flags (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be done by one widely available Norwegian dictionary,
- and the same condition may exist in others.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix misordering of <application>pg_dump</> output for composite types
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The most likely problem was for user-defined operator classes to
- be dumped after indexes or views that needed them.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible Assert failure if a statement executed in PL/pgSQL is
- rewritten into another kind of statement, for example if an
- <command>INSERT</> is rewritten into an <command>UPDATE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that a snapshot is available to datatype input functions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This primarily affects domains that are declared with <literal>CHECK</>
- constraints involving user-defined stable or immutable functions. Such
- functions typically fail if no snapshot has been set.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make it safer for SPI-using functions to be used within datatype I/O;
- in particular, to be used in domain check constraints (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a problem that sometimes kept <command>ALTER TABLE ENABLE/DISABLE
- RULE</> from being recognized by active sessions (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a problem that made <literal>UPDATE RETURNING tableoid</>
- return zero instead of the correct OID (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow functions declared as taking <type>ANYARRAY</> to work on
- the <structname>pg_statistic</> columns of that type (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This used to work, but was unintentionally broken in 8.3.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner misestimation of selectivity when transitive equality
- is applied to an outer-join clause (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could result in bad plans for queries like
- <literal>... from a left join b on a.a1 = b.b1 where a.a1 = 42 ...</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimizer's handling of long <literal>IN</> lists (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change avoids wasting large amounts of time on such lists
- when constraint exclusion is enabled.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent synchronous scan during GIN index build (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Because GIN is optimized for inserting tuples in increasing TID order,
- choosing to use a synchronous scan could slow the build by a factor of
- three or more.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that the contents of a holdable cursor don't depend on the
- contents of TOAST tables (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, large field values in a cursor result might be represented
- as TOAST pointers, which would fail if the referenced table got dropped
- before the cursor is read, or if the large value is deleted and then
- vacuumed away. This cannot happen with an ordinary cursor,
- but it could with a cursor that is held past its creating transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leak when a set-returning function is terminated without
- reading its whole result (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix encoding conversion problems in XML functions when the database
- encoding isn't UTF-8 (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/dblink</>'s
- <function>dblink_get_result(text,bool)</> function (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible garbage output from <filename>contrib/sslinfo</> functions
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect behavior of <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> compatibility
- trigger when it's fired more than once in a command (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible mis-signaling in autovacuum (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support running as a service on Windows 7 beta (Dave and Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s handling of varchar structs (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>configure</> script to properly report failure when
- unable to obtain linkage information for PL/Perl (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2009a (for
- Kathmandu and historical DST corrections in Switzerland, Cuba)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-5">
- <title>Release 8.3.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.3.4.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.3.1,
- see the release notes for 8.3.1. Also, if you were running a previous
- 8.3.X release, it is recommended to <command>REINDEX</> all GiST
- indexes after the upgrade.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GiST index corruption due to marking the wrong index entry
- <quote>dead</> after a deletion (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would result in index searches failing to find rows they
- should have found. Corrupted indexes can be fixed with
- <command>REINDEX</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash in <type>bytea</>-to-XML mapping (Michael McMaster)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash when deeply nested functions are invoked from
- a trigger (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimization of <replaceable>expression</> <literal>IN</>
- (<replaceable>expression-list</>) queries (Tom, per an idea from Robert
- Haas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Cases in which there are query variables on the right-hand side had been
- handled less efficiently in 8.2.x and 8.3.x than in prior versions.
- The fix restores 8.1 behavior for such cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix mis-expansion of rule queries when a sub-<literal>SELECT</> appears
- in a function call in <literal>FROM</>, a multi-row <literal>VALUES</>
- list, or a <literal>RETURNING</> list (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The usual symptom of this problem is an <quote>unrecognized node type</>
- error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix Assert failure during rescan of an <literal>IS NULL</>
- search of a GiST index (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leak during rescan of a hashed aggregation plan (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure an error is reported when a newly-defined PL/pgSQL trigger
- function is invoked as a normal function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Force a checkpoint before <command>CREATE DATABASE</> starts to copy
- files (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents a possible failure if files had recently been deleted
- in the source database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible collision of <structfield>relfilenode</> numbers
- when moving a table to another tablespace with <command>ALTER SET
- TABLESPACE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The command tried to re-use the existing filename, instead of
- picking one that is known unused in the destination directory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect text search headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>ILIKE</> compare characters case-insensitively
- even when they're escaped (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <command>DISCARD</> is handled properly by statement logging (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect logging of last-completed-transaction time during
- PITR recovery (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Mark <varname>SessionReplicationRole</> as <literal>PGDLLIMPORT</>
- so it can be used by <application>Slony</> on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix small memory leak when using <application>libpq</>'s
- <literal>gsslib</> parameter (Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The space used by the parameter string was not freed at connection
- close.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <application>libgssapi</> is linked into <application>libpq</>
- if needed (Markus Schaaf)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE ROLE</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix recent breakage of <literal>pg_ctl restart</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <filename>pg_control</> is opened in binary mode
- (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>pg_controldata</> and <application>pg_resetxlog</>
- did this incorrectly, and so could fail on Windows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008i (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Syria)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-4">
- <title>Release 8.3.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.3.3.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.3.1,
- see the release notes for 8.3.1.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in btree WAL recovery code (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Recovery failed if the WAL ended partway through a page split operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential use of wrong cutoff XID for HOT page pruning (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This error created a risk of corruption in system
- catalogs that are consulted by <command>VACUUM</>: dead tuple versions
- might be removed too soon. The impact of this on actual database
- operations would be minimal, since the system doesn't follow MVCC
- rules while examining catalogs, but it might result in transiently
- wrong output from <application>pg_dump</> or other client programs.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential miscalculation of <structfield>datfrozenxid</> (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This error may explain some recent reports of failure to remove old
- <structname>pg_clog</> data.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect HOT updates after <structname>pg_class</> is reindexed
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Corruption of <structname>pg_class</> could occur if <literal>REINDEX
- TABLE pg_class</> was followed in the same session by an <literal>ALTER
- TABLE RENAME</> or <literal>ALTER TABLE SET SCHEMA</> command.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix missed <quote>combo cid</> case (Karl Schnaitter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This error made rows incorrectly invisible to a transaction in which they
- had been deleted by multiple subtransactions that all aborted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent autovacuum from crashing if the table it's currently
- checking is deleted at just the wrong time (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen local lock counters from 32 to 64 bits (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This responds to reports that the counters could overflow in
- sufficiently long transactions, leading to unexpected <quote>lock is
- already held</> errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible duplicate output of tuples during a GiST index scan (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Regenerate foreign key checking queries from scratch when either
- table is modified (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, 8.3 would attempt to replan the query, but would work from
- previously generated query text. This led to failures if a
- table or column was renamed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix missed permissions checks when a view contains a simple
- <literal>UNION ALL</> construct (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Permissions for the referenced tables were checked properly, but not
- permissions for the view itself.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add checks in executor startup to ensure that the tuples produced by an
- <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> will match the target table's
- current rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is believed to be impossible in 8.3, but it can happen in
- prior releases, so a check seems prudent.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible repeated drops during <command>DROP OWNED</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would typically result in strange errors such as <quote>cache
- lookup failed for relation NNN</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix several memory leaks in XML operations (Kris Jurka, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>xmlserialize()</> to raise error properly for
- unacceptable target data type (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a couple of places that mis-handled multibyte characters in text
- search configuration file parsing (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Certain characters occurring in configuration files would always cause
- <quote>invalid byte sequence for encoding</> failures.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Provide file name and line number location for all errors reported
- in text search configuration files (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> to first try to interpret its timezone
- argument as a timezone abbreviation, and only try it as a full timezone
- name if that fails, rather than the other way around as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The timestamp input functions have always resolved ambiguous zone names
- in this order. Making <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> do so as well improves
- consistency, and fixes a compatibility bug introduced in 8.1:
- in ambiguous cases we now behave the same as 8.0 and before did,
- since in the older versions <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> accepted
- <emphasis>only</> abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent integer overflows during units conversion when displaying a
- configuration parameter that has units (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow spaces in the suffix part of an LDAP URL in
- <filename>pg_hba.conf</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner bug that could improperly push down <literal>IS NULL</>
- tests below an outer join (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was triggered by occurrence of <literal>IS NULL</> tests for
- the same relation in all arms of an upper <literal>OR</> clause.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner bug with nested sub-select expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If the outer sub-select has no direct dependency on the parent query,
- but the inner one does, the outer value might not get recalculated
- for new parent query rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/PgSQL to not fail when a <literal>FOR</> loop's target variable
- is a record containing composite-type fields (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl to behave correctly with Tcl 8.5, and to be more careful
- about the encoding of data sent to or from Tcl (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of <function>PQescapeBytea()</> (Rudolf Leitgeb)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, work around a Microsoft bug by preventing
- <application>libpq</> from trying to send more than 64kB per system call
- (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</> to handle variables properly in <command>SET</>
- commands (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly preserve postmaster
- command-line arguments across a <literal>restart</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix erroneous WAL file cutoff point calculation in
- <application>pg_standby</> (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008f (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Mauritius, Morocco,
- Pakistan, Palestine, and Paraguay)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-3">
- <title>Release 8.3.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious and one minor bug fix over 8.3.2.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.3.1,
- see the release notes for 8.3.1.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>ALTER AGGREGATE ... OWNER TO</> update
- <structname>pg_shdepend</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This oversight could lead to problems if the aggregate was later
- involved in a <command>DROP OWNED</> or <command>REASSIGN OWNED</>
- operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-2">
- <title>Release 8.3.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.3.1.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.3.1,
- see the release notes for 8.3.1.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>ERRORDATA_STACK_SIZE exceeded</literal> crash that
- occurred on Windows when using UTF-8 database encoding and a different
- client encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect archive truncation point calculation for the
- <literal>%r</> macro in <varname>recovery_command</> parameters
- (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to data loss if a warm-standby script relied on
- <literal>%r</> to decide when to throw away WAL segment files.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ... PRIMARY KEY</> so that the new
- column is correctly checked to see if it's been initialized to all
- non-nulls (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous versions neglected to check this requirement at all.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>REASSIGN OWNED</> so that it works on procedural
- languages too (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix problems with <command>SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE</> occurring as a
- subquery in a query with a non-<command>SELECT</> top-level operation
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible <command>CREATE TABLE</> failure when inheriting the
- <quote>same</> constraint from multiple parent relations that
- inherited that constraint from a common ancestor (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> to show the alias, if any, attached
- to the target table of an <command>UPDATE</> or <command>DELETE</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Restore the pre-8.3 behavior that an out-of-range block number in a
- TID being used in a TidScan plan results in silently not matching any
- rows (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- 8.3.0 and 8.3.1 threw an error instead.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GIN bug that could result in a <literal>too many LWLocks
- taken</literal> failure (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix broken GiST comparison function for <type>tsquery</> (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>tsvector_update_trigger()</> and <function>ts_stat()</>
- to accept domains over the types they expect to work with (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix failure to support enum data types as foreign keys (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid possible crash when decompressing corrupted data
- (Zdenek Kotala)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix race conditions between delayed unlinks and <command>DROP
- DATABASE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In the worst case this could result in deleting a newly created table
- in a new database that happened to get the same OID as the
- recently-dropped one; but of course that is an extremely
- low-probability scenario.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair two places where SIGTERM exit of a backend could leave corrupted
- state in shared memory (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Neither case is very important if SIGTERM is used to shut down the
- whole database cluster together, but there was a problem if someone
- tried to SIGTERM individual backends.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash due to incorrect plan generated for an
- <literal><replaceable>x</> IN (SELECT <replaceable>y</>
- FROM ...)</literal> clause when <replaceable>x</> and <replaceable>y</>
- have different data types; and make sure the behavior is semantically
- correct when the conversion from <replaceable>y</>'s type to
- <replaceable>x</>'s type is lossy (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix oversight that prevented the planner from substituting known Param
- values as if they were constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This mistake partially disabled optimization of unnamed
- extended-Query statements in 8.3.0 and 8.3.1: in particular the
- LIKE-to-indexscan optimization would never be applied if the LIKE
- pattern was passed as a parameter, and constraint exclusion
- depending on a parameter value didn't work either.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure when an indexable <function>MIN</> or
- <function>MAX</> aggregate is used with <literal>DISTINCT</> or
- <literal>ORDER BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to ensure it never uses a <quote>physical tlist</> for a
- plan node that is feeding a Sort node (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This led to the sort having to push around more data than it really
- needed to, since unused column values were included in the sorted
- data.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary copying of query strings (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a performance problem introduced in 8.3.0 when a very large
- number of commands are submitted as a single query string.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>TransactionIdIsCurrentTransactionId()</> use binary
- search instead of linear search when checking child-transaction XIDs
- (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes some cases in which 8.3.0 was significantly
- slower than earlier releases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix several datatype input functions, notably <function>array_in()</>,
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
+<!--
+ To add a new major-release series, add an entry here and in filelist.sgml.
+ Follow the naming convention, or you'll confuse generate_history.pl.
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent cancellation of an auto-vacuum that was launched to prevent
- XID wraparound (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>ANALYZE</>'s handling of in-doubt tuples (those
- inserted or deleted by a not-yet-committed transaction) so that the
- counts it reports to the stats collector are more likely to be correct
- (Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>initdb</> to reject a relative path for its
- <literal>--xlogdir</> (<literal>-X</>) option (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <application>psql</> print tab characters as an appropriate
- number of spaces, rather than <literal>\x09</literal> as was done in
- 8.3.0 and 8.3.1 (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008c (for
- DST law changes in Morocco, Iraq, Choibalsan, Pakistan, Syria, Cuba, and
- Argentina/San_Luis)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>ECPGget_PGconn()</> function to
- <application>ecpglib</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix handling of continuation line markers in <application>ecpg</>
- (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes in <filename>contrib/cube</> functions (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump in <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s
- <function>xpath_table()</> function when the input query returns a
- NULL value (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s makefile to not override
- <literal>CFLAGS</>, and make it auto-configure properly for
- <application>libxslt</> present or not (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3-1">
- <title>Release 8.3.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-03-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.3.0.
- For information about new features in the 8.3 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-3">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.3.X.
- However, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the Windows locale
- issue described below.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix character string comparison for Windows locales that consider
- different character combinations as equal (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fix applies only on Windows and only when using UTF-8
- database encoding. The same fix was made for all other cases
- over two years ago, but Windows with UTF-8 uses a separate code
- path that was not updated. If you are using a locale that
- considers some non-identical strings as equal, you may need to
- <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on textual columns.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair corner-case bugs in <command>VACUUM FULL</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A potential deadlock between concurrent <command>VACUUM FULL</>
- operations on different system catalogs was introduced in 8.2.
- This has now been corrected. 8.3 made this worse because the
- deadlock could occur within a critical code section, making it
- a PANIC rather than just ERROR condition.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Also, a <command>VACUUM FULL</> that failed partway through
- vacuuming a system catalog could result in cache corruption in
- concurrent database sessions.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Another <command>VACUUM FULL</> bug introduced in 8.3 could
- result in a crash or out-of-memory report when dealing with
- pages containing no live tuples.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix misbehavior of foreign key checks involving <type>character</>
- or <type>bit</> columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If the referencing column were of a different but compatible type
- (for instance <type>varchar</>), the constraint was enforced incorrectly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid needless deadlock failures in no-op foreign-key checks (Stephan
- Szabo, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible core dump when re-planning a prepared query (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This bug affected only protocol-level prepare operations, not
- SQL <command>PREPARE</>, and so tended to be seen only with
- JDBC, DBI, and other client-side drivers that use prepared
- statements heavily.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible failure when re-planning a query that calls an SPI-using
- function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix failure in row-wise comparisons involving columns of different
- datatypes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>LISTEN</> and <command>UNLISTEN</> within a
- prepared transaction (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was formerly allowed but trying to do it had various unpleasant
- consequences, notably that the originating backend could not exit
- as long as an <command>UNLISTEN</> remained uncommitted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow dropping a temporary table within a
- prepared transaction (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was correctly disallowed by 8.1, but the check was inadvertently
- broken in 8.2 and 8.3.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare crash when an error occurs during a query using a hash index
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect comparison of <type>tsquery</> values (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect behavior of <literal>LIKE</> with non-ASCII characters
- in single-byte encodings (Rolf Jentsch)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disable <function>xmlvalidate</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This function should have been removed before 8.3 release, but
- was inadvertently left in the source code. It poses a small
- security risk since unprivileged users could use it to read the
- first few characters of any file accessible to the server.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leaks in certain usages of set-returning functions (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>encode(<replaceable>bytea</>, 'escape')</> convert all
- high-bit-set byte values into <literal>\</><replaceable>nnn</> octal
- escape sequences (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is necessary to avoid encoding problems when the database
- encoding is multi-byte. This change could pose compatibility issues
- for applications that are expecting specific results from
- <function>encode</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix input of datetime values for February 29 in years BC (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former coding was mistaken about which years were leap years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unrecognized node type</> error in some variants of
- <command>ALTER OWNER</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid tablespace permissions errors in <command>CREATE TABLE LIKE
- INCLUDING INDEXES</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <structname>pg_stat_activity</>.<structfield>waiting</> flag
- is cleared when a lock wait is aborted (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix handling of process permissions on Windows Vista (Dave, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In particular, this fix allows starting the server as the Administrator
- user.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008a
- (in particular, recent Chile changes); adjust timezone abbreviation
- <literal>VET</> (Venezuela) to mean UTC-4:30, not UTC-4:00 (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</> problems with arrays (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to correctly extract the postmaster's port
- number from command-line options (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, <literal>pg_ctl start -w</> could try to contact the
- postmaster on the wrong port, leading to bogus reports of startup
- failure.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>-fwrapv</> to defend against possible misoptimization
- in recent <application>gcc</> versions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be necessary when building <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- with <application>gcc</> 4.3 or later.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable building <filename>contrib/uuid-ossp</> with MSVC (Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-3">
- <title>Release 8.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-02-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- With significant new functionality and performance enhancements,
- this release represents a major leap forward for
- <productname>PostgreSQL</>. This was made possible by a growing
- community that has dramatically accelerated the pace of
- development. This release adds the following major features:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Full text search is integrated into the core database system
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support for the SQL/XML standard, including new operators and an
- <type>XML</type> data type
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enumerated data types (<type>ENUM</type>)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Arrays of composite types
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Universally Unique Identifier (<type>UUID</>) data type
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add control over whether <literal>NULL</>s sort first or last
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Updatable cursors
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameters can now be set on a per-function
- basis
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- User-defined types can now have type modifiers
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Automatically re-plan cached queries when table
- definitions change or statistics are updated
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Numerous improvements in logging and statistics collection
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support Security Service Provider Interface (<acronym>SSPI</>) for
- authentication on Windows
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support multiple concurrent autovacuum processes, and other
- autovacuum improvements
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the whole <productname>PostgreSQL</> distribution to be compiled
- with <productname>Microsoft Visual C++</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- Major performance improvements are listed below. Most of
- these enhancements are automatic and do not require user changes or
- tuning:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Asynchronous commit delays writes to WAL during transaction commit
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Checkpoint writes can be spread over a longer time period to smooth
- the I/O spike during each checkpoint
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Heap-Only Tuples (<acronym>HOT</>) accelerate space reuse for
- most <command>UPDATE</>s and <command>DELETE</>s
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Just-in-time background writer strategy improves disk write
- efficiency
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Using non-persistent transaction IDs for read-only transactions
- reduces overhead and <command>VACUUM</> requirements
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Per-field and per-row storage overhead has been reduced
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Large sequential scans no longer force out frequently used
- cached pages
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Concurrent large sequential scans can now share disk reads
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>ORDER BY ... LIMIT</> can be done without sorting
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- The above items are explained in more detail in the sections below.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
- required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
- release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>General</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Non-character data types are no longer automatically cast to
- <type>TEXT</> (Peter, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, if a non-character value was supplied to an operator or
- function that requires <type>text</> input, it was automatically
- cast to <type>text</>, for most (though not all) built-in data types.
- This no longer happens: an explicit cast to <type>text</> is now
- required for all non-character-string types. For example, these
- expressions formerly worked:
-
-<programlisting>
-substr(current_date, 1, 4)
-23 LIKE '2%'
-</programlisting>
-
- but will now draw <quote>function does not exist</> and <quote>operator
- does not exist</> errors respectively. Use an explicit cast instead:
-
-<programlisting>
-substr(current_date::text, 1, 4)
-23::text LIKE '2%'
-</programlisting>
-
- (Of course, you can use the more verbose <literal>CAST()</> syntax too.)
- The reason for the change is that these automatic casts too often caused
- surprising behavior. An example is that in previous releases, this
- expression was accepted but did not do what was expected:
-
-<programlisting>
-current_date < 2017-11-17
-</programlisting>
-
- This is actually comparing a date to an integer, which should be
- (and now is) rejected — but in the presence of automatic
- casts both sides were cast to <type>text</> and a textual comparison
- was done, because the <literal>text < text</> operator was able
- to match the expression when no other <literal><</> operator could.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Types <type>char(<replaceable>n</>)</type> and
- <type>varchar(<replaceable>n</>)</type> still cast to <type>text</>
- automatically. Also, automatic casting to <type>text</> still works for
- inputs to the concatenation (<literal>||</>) operator, so long as least
- one input is a character-string type.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Full text search features from <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> have
- been moved into the core server, with some minor syntax changes
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> now contains a compatibility
- interface.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>ARRAY(SELECT ...)</literal>, where the <command>SELECT</>
- returns no rows, now returns an empty array, rather than NULL
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The array type name for a base data type is no longer always the base
- type's name with an underscore prefix
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The old naming convention is still honored when possible, but
- application code should no longer depend on it. Instead
- use the new <literal>pg_type.typarray</literal> column to
- identify the array data type associated with a given type.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>ORDER BY ... USING</> <replaceable>operator</> must now
- use a less-than or greater-than <replaceable>operator</> that is
- defined in a btree operator class
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This restriction was added to prevent inconsistent results.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>SET LOCAL</command> changes now persist until
- the end of the outermost transaction, unless rolled back (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously <command>SET LOCAL</command>'s effects were lost
- after subtransaction commit (<command>RELEASE SAVEPOINT</>
- or exit from a PL/pgSQL exception block).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Commands rejected in transaction blocks are now also rejected in
- multiple-statement query strings (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, <literal>"BEGIN; DROP DATABASE; COMMIT"</> will now be
- rejected even if submitted as a single query message.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>ROLLBACK</> outside a transaction block now
- issues <literal>NOTICE</> instead of <literal>WARNING</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>NOTIFY</command>/<command>LISTEN</command>/<command>UNLISTEN</command>
- from accepting schema-qualified names (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Formerly, these commands accepted <literal>schema.relation</> but
- ignored the schema part, which was confusing.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>ALTER SEQUENCE</> no longer affects the sequence's
- <function>currval()</> state (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Foreign keys now must match indexable conditions for
- cross-data-type references (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves semantic consistency and helps avoid
- performance problems.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Restrict object size functions to users who have reasonable
- permissions to view such information (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, <function>pg_database_size()</function> now requires
- <literal>CONNECT</> permission, which is granted to everyone by
- default. <function>pg_tablespace_size()</function> requires
- <literal>CREATE</> permission in the tablespace, or is allowed if
- the tablespace is the default tablespace for the database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove the undocumented <literal>!!=</> (not in) operator (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>NOT IN (SELECT ...)</literal> is the proper way to
- perform this operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Internal hashing functions are now more uniformly-distributed (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If application code was computing and storing hash values using
- internal <productname>PostgreSQL</> hashing functions, the hash
- values must be regenerated.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C-code conventions for handling variable-length data values
- have changed (Greg Stark, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new <function>SET_VARSIZE()</> macro <emphasis>must</> be used
- to set the length of generated <type>varlena</> values. Also, it
- might be necessary to expand (<quote>de-TOAST</quote>) input values
- in more cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Continuous archiving no longer reports each successful archive
- operation to the server logs unless <literal>DEBUG</> level is used
- (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Configuration Parameters</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Numerous changes in administrative server parameters
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <varname>bgwriter_lru_percent</>,
- <varname>bgwriter_all_percent</>,
- <varname>bgwriter_all_maxpages</>,
- <varname>stats_start_collector</>, and
- <varname>stats_reset_on_server_start</> are removed.
- <varname>redirect_stderr</> is renamed to
- <varname>logging_collector</>.
- <varname>stats_command_string</> is renamed to
- <varname>track_activities</>.
- <varname>stats_block_level</> and <varname>stats_row_level</>
- are merged into <varname>track_counts</>.
- A new boolean configuration parameter, <varname>archive_mode</>,
- controls archiving. Autovacuum's default settings have changed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <varname>stats_start_collector</varname> parameter (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We now always start the collector process, unless <acronym>UDP</>
- socket creation fails.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <varname>stats_reset_on_server_start</varname> parameter (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was removed because <function>pg_stat_reset()</function>
- can be used for this purpose.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Commenting out a parameter in <filename>postgresql.conf</> now
- causes it to revert to its default value (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, commenting out an entry left the parameter's value unchanged
- until the next server restart.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Character Encodings</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add more checks for invalidly-encoded data (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change plugs some holes that existed in literal backslash
- escape string processing and <command>COPY</command> escape
- processing. Now the de-escaped string is rechecked to see if the
- result created an invalid multi-byte character.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow database encodings that are inconsistent with the server's
- locale setting (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- On most platforms, <literal>C</> locale is the only locale that
- will work with any database encoding. Other locale settings imply
- a specific encoding and will misbehave if the database encoding
- is something different. (Typical symptoms include bogus textual
- sort order and wrong results from <function>upper()</> or
- <function>lower()</>.) The server now rejects attempts to create
- databases that have an incompatible encoding.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that <function>chr()</function> cannot create
- invalidly-encoded values (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In UTF8-encoded databases the argument of <function>chr()</function> is
- now treated as a Unicode code point. In other multi-byte encodings
- <function>chr()</function>'s argument must designate a 7-bit ASCII
- character. Zero is no longer accepted.
- <function>ascii()</function> has been adjusted to match.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Adjust <function>convert()</function> behavior to ensure encoding
- validity (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The two argument form of <function>convert()</function> has been
- removed. The three argument form now takes a <type>bytea</type>
- first argument and returns a <type>bytea</type>. To cover the
- loss of functionality, three new functions have been added:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>convert_from(bytea, name)</function> returns
- <type>text</> — converts the first argument from the named
- encoding to the database encoding
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>convert_to(text, name)</function> returns
- <type>bytea</> — converts the first argument from the
- database encoding to the named encoding
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>length(bytea, name)</function> returns
- <type>integer</> — gives the length of the first
- argument in characters in the named encoding
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <literal>convert(argument USING conversion_name)</literal>
- (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Its behavior did not match the SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make JOHAB encoding client-only (Tatsuo)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- JOHAB is not safe as a server-side encoding.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the
- changes between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.3 and
- the previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Asynchronous commit delays writes to WAL during transaction commit
- (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This feature dramatically increases performance for short data-modifying
- transactions. The disadvantage is that because disk writes are delayed,
- if the database or operating system crashes before data is written to
- the disk, committed data will be lost. This feature is useful for
- applications that can accept some data loss. Unlike turning off
- <varname>fsync</varname>, using asynchronous commit does not put
- database consistency at risk; the worst case is that after a crash the
- last few reportedly-committed transactions might not be committed after
- all.
- This feature is enabled by turning off <varname>synchronous_commit</>
- (which can be done per-session or per-transaction, if some transactions
- are critical and others are not).
- <varname>wal_writer_delay</> can be adjusted to control the maximum
- delay before transactions actually reach disk.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Checkpoint writes can be spread over a longer time period to smooth
- the I/O spike during each checkpoint (Itagaki Takahiro and Heikki
- Linnakangas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously all modified buffers were forced to disk as quickly as
- possible during a
- checkpoint, causing an I/O spike that decreased server performance.
- This new approach spreads out disk writes during checkpoints,
- reducing peak I/O usage. (User-requested and shutdown checkpoints
- are still written as quickly as possible.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Heap-Only Tuples (<acronym>HOT</>) accelerate space reuse for most
- <command>UPDATE</>s and <command>DELETE</>s (Pavan Deolasee, with
- ideas from many others)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>UPDATE</>s and <command>DELETE</>s leave dead tuples
- behind, as do failed <command>INSERT</>s. Previously only
- <command>VACUUM</> could reclaim space taken by dead tuples. With
- <acronym>HOT</> dead tuple space can be automatically reclaimed at
- the time of <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> if no changes
- are made to indexed columns. This allows for more consistent
- performance. Also, <acronym>HOT</> avoids adding duplicate index
- entries.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Just-in-time background writer strategy improves disk write
- efficiency (Greg Smith, Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This greatly reduces the need for manual tuning of the background
- writer.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Per-field and per-row storage overhead have been reduced
- (Greg Stark, Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Variable-length data types with data values less than 128 bytes long
- will see a storage decrease of 3 to 6 bytes. For example, two adjacent
- <type>char(1)</type> fields now use 4 bytes instead of 16. Row headers
- are also 4 bytes shorter than before.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Using non-persistent transaction IDs for read-only transactions
- reduces overhead and <command>VACUUM</> requirements (Florian Pflug)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Non-persistent transaction IDs do not increment the global
- transaction counter. Therefore, they reduce the load on
- <structname>pg_clog</> and increase the time between forced
- vacuums to prevent transaction ID wraparound.
- Other performance
- improvements were also made that should improve concurrency.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid incrementing the command counter after a read-only command (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- There was formerly a hard limit of 2<superscript>32</>
- (4 billion) commands per transaction. Now only commands that
- actually changed the database count, so while this limit still
- exists, it should be significantly less annoying.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create a dedicated <acronym>WAL</> writer process to off-load
- work from backends (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Skip unnecessary WAL writes for <command>CLUSTER</command> and
- <command>COPY</command> (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Unless WAL archiving is enabled, the system now avoids WAL writes
- for <command>CLUSTER</command> and just <function>fsync()</>s the
- table at the end of the command. It also does the same for
- <command>COPY</command> if the table was created in the same
- transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Large sequential scans no longer force out frequently used
- cached pages (Simon, Heikki, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Concurrent large sequential scans can now share disk reads (Jeff Davis)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is accomplished by starting the new sequential scan in the
- middle of the table (where another sequential scan is already
- in-progress) and wrapping around to the beginning to finish. This
- can affect the order of returned rows in a query that does not
- specify <literal>ORDER BY</>. The <varname>synchronize_seqscans</>
- configuration parameter can be used to disable this if necessary.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>ORDER BY ... LIMIT</> can be done without sorting
- (Greg Stark)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is done by sequentially scanning the table and tracking just
- the <quote>top N</> candidate rows, rather than performing a
- full sort of the entire table. This is useful when there is no
- matching index and the <literal>LIMIT</> is not large.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Put a rate limit on messages sent to the statistics
- collector by backends
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This reduces overhead for short transactions, but might sometimes
- increase the delay before statistics are tallied.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve hash join performance for cases with many NULLs (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up operator lookup for cases with non-exact datatype matches (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Autovacuum is now enabled by default (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Several changes were made to eliminate disadvantages of having
- autovacuum enabled, thereby justifying the change in default.
- Several other autovacuum parameter defaults were also modified.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support multiple concurrent autovacuum processes (Alvaro, Itagaki
- Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows multiple vacuums to run concurrently. This prevents
- vacuuming of a large table from delaying vacuuming of smaller tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Automatically re-plan cached queries when table
- definitions change or statistics are updated (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously PL/PgSQL functions that referenced temporary tables
- would fail if the temporary table was dropped and recreated
- between function invocations, unless <literal>EXECUTE</> was
- used. This improvement fixes that problem and many related issues.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <varname>temp_tablespaces</varname> parameter to control
- the tablespaces for temporary tables and files (Jaime Casanova,
- Albert Cervera, Bernd Helmle)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This parameter defines a list of tablespaces to be used. This
- enables spreading the I/O load across multiple tablespaces. A random
- tablespace is chosen each time a temporary object is created.
- Temporary files are no longer stored in per-database
- <filename>pgsql_tmp/</filename> directories but in per-tablespace
- directories.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Place temporary tables' TOAST tables in special schemas named
- <literal>pg_toast_temp_<replaceable>nnn</></literal> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows low-level code to recognize these tables as temporary,
- which enables various optimizations such as not WAL-logging changes
- and using local rather than shared buffers for access. This also
- fixes a bug wherein backends unexpectedly held open file references
- to temporary TOAST tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix problem that a constant flow of new connection requests could
- indefinitely delay the postmaster from completing a shutdown or
- a crash restart (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Guard against a very-low-probability data loss scenario by preventing
- re-use of a deleted table's relfilenode until after the next
- checkpoint (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER</>
- to convert old-style foreign key trigger definitions into regular
- foreign key constraints (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This will ease porting of foreign key constraints carried forward from
- pre-7.3 databases, if they were never converted using
- <filename>contrib/adddepend</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DEFAULT NULL</> to override inherited defaults (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>DEFAULT NULL</> was formerly considered a noise phrase, but it
- should (and now does) override non-null defaults that would otherwise
- be inherited from a parent table or domain.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new encodings EUC_JIS_2004 and SHIFT_JIS_2004 (Tatsuo)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These new encodings can be converted to and from UTF-8.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change server startup log message from <quote>database system is
- ready</quote> to <quote>database system is ready to accept
- connections</quote>, and adjust its timing
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The message now appears only when the postmaster is really ready
- to accept connections.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Monitoring</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_autovacuum_min_duration</varname> parameter to
- support configurable logging of autovacuum activity (Simon, Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_lock_waits</varname> parameter to log lock waiting
- (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_temp_files</varname> parameter to log temporary
- file usage (Bill Moran)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_checkpoints</varname> parameter to improve logging
- of checkpoints (Greg Smith, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>log_line_prefix</varname> now supports
- <literal>%s</literal> and <literal>%c</literal> escapes in all
- processes (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously these escapes worked only for user sessions, not for
- background database processes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_restartpoints</varname> to control logging of
- point-in-time recovery restart points (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Last transaction end time is now logged at end of recovery and at
- each logged restart point (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Autovacuum now reports its activity start time in
- <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow server log output in comma-separated value (CSV) format (Arul
- Shaji, Greg Smith, Andrew Dunstan)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- CSV-format log files can easily be loaded into a database table for
- subsequent analysis.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use PostgreSQL-supplied timezone support for formatting timestamps
- displayed in the server log (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids Windows-specific problems with localized time zone
- names that are in the wrong encoding. There is a new
- <varname>log_timezone</> parameter that controls the timezone
- used in log messages, independently of the client-visible
- <varname>timezone</> parameter.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New system view <literal>pg_stat_bgwriter</literal> displays
- statistics about background writer activity (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new columns for database-wide tuple statistics to
- <literal>pg_stat_database</literal> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add an <literal>xact_start</literal> (transaction start time) column to
- <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal> (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This makes it easier to identify long-running transactions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>n_live_tuples</> and <literal>n_dead_tuples</> columns
- to <literal>pg_stat_all_tables</literal> and related views (Glen
- Parker)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Merge <varname>stats_block_level</> and <varname>stats_row_level</>
- parameters into a single parameter <varname>track_counts</>, which
- controls all messages sent to the statistics collector process
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename <varname>stats_command_string</varname> parameter to
- <varname>track_activities</varname> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix statistical counting of live and dead tuples to recognize that
- committed and aborted transactions have different effects (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Authentication</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support Security Service Provider Interface (<acronym>SSPI</>) for
- authentication on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support GSSAPI authentication (Henry Hotz, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This should be preferred to native Kerberos authentication because
- GSSAPI is an industry standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support a global SSL configuration file (Victor Wagner)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>ssl_ciphers</> parameter to control accepted SSL ciphers
- (Victor Wagner)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a Kerberos realm parameter, <varname>krb_realm</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Write-Ahead Log (<acronym>WAL</>) and Continuous Archiving</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change the timestamps recorded in transaction WAL records from
- time_t to TimestampTz representation (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This provides sub-second resolution in WAL, which can be useful for
- point-in-time recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce WAL disk space needed by warm standby servers (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change allows a warm standby server to pass the name of the earliest
- still-needed WAL file to the recovery script, allowing automatic removal
- of no-longer-needed WAL files. This is done using <literal>%r</> in
- the <varname>restore_command</varname> parameter of
- <filename>recovery.conf</filename>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New boolean configuration parameter, <varname>archive_mode</>,
- controls archiving (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously setting <varname>archive_command</> to an empty string
- turned off archiving. Now <varname>archive_mode</> turns archiving
- on and off, independently of <varname>archive_command</>. This is
- useful for stopping archiving temporarily.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Queries</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Full text search is integrated into the core database
- system (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Text search has been improved, moved into the core code, and is now
- installed by default. <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> now contains
- a compatibility interface.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add control over whether <literal>NULL</>s sort first or last (Teodor, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The syntax is <literal>ORDER BY ... NULLS FIRST/LAST</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow per-column ascending/descending (<literal>ASC</>/<literal>DESC</>)
- ordering options for indexes (Teodor, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously a query using <literal>ORDER BY</> with mixed
- <literal>ASC</>/<literal>DESC</> specifiers could not fully use
- an index. Now an index can be fully used in such cases if the
- index was created with matching
- <literal>ASC</>/<literal>DESC</> specifications.
- <literal>NULL</> sort order within an index can be controlled, too.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>col IS NULL</> to use an index (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Updatable cursors (Arul Shaji, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This eliminates the need to reference a primary key to
- <command>UPDATE</> or <command>DELETE</> rows returned by a cursor.
- The syntax is <literal>UPDATE/DELETE WHERE CURRENT OF</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>FOR UPDATE</literal> in cursors (Arul Shaji, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create a general mechanism that supports casts to and from the
- standard string types (<type>TEXT</type>, <type>VARCHAR</type>,
- <type>CHAR</type>) for <emphasis>every</emphasis> datatype, by
- invoking the datatype's I/O functions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, such casts were available only for types that had
- specialized function(s) for the purpose.
- These new casts are assignment-only in the to-string direction,
- explicit-only in the other direction, and therefore should create no
- surprising behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>UNION</> and related constructs to return a domain
- type, when all inputs are of that domain type (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Formerly, the output would be considered to be of the domain's base
- type.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow limited hashing when using two different data types (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows hash joins, hash indexes, hashed subplans, and hash
- aggregation to be used in situations involving cross-data-type
- comparisons, if the data types have compatible hash functions.
- Currently, cross-data-type hashing support exists for
- <type>smallint</type>/<type>integer</type>/<type>bigint</type>,
- and for <type>float4</type>/<type>float8</type>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimizer logic for detecting when variables are equal
- in a <literal>WHERE</> clause (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows mergejoins to work with descending sort orders, and
- improves recognition of redundant sort columns.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance when planning large inheritance trees in
- cases where most tables are excluded by constraints (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
-
- <para>
- Arrays of composite types (David Fetter, Andrew, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In addition to arrays of explicitly-declared composite types,
- arrays of the rowtypes of regular tables and views are now
- supported, except for rowtypes of system catalogs, sequences, and TOAST
- tables.
- </para>
-
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameters can now be set on a per-function
- basis (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, functions can now set their own
- <varname>search_path</> to prevent unexpected behavior if a
- different <varname>search_path</> exists at run-time. Security
- definer functions should set <varname>search_path</varname> to
- avoid security loopholes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>CREATE/ALTER FUNCTION</command> now supports
- <literal>COST</literal> and <literal>ROWS</literal> options (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>COST</literal> allows specification of the cost of a
- function call. <literal>ROWS</literal> allows specification of
- the average number or rows returned by a set-returning function.
- These values are used by the optimizer in choosing the best plan.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implement <command>CREATE TABLE LIKE ... INCLUDING
- INDEXES</command> (Trevor Hardcastle, Nikhil Sontakke, Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY</command> to ignore
- transactions in other databases (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>ALTER VIEW ... RENAME TO</command> and <command>ALTER
- SEQUENCE ... RENAME TO</command> (David Fetter, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously this could only be done via <command>ALTER TABLE ...
- RENAME TO</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE/DROP/RENAME DATABASE</> wait briefly for
- conflicting backends to exit before failing (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This increases the likelihood that these commands will succeed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow triggers and rules to be deactivated in groups using a
- configuration parameter, for replication purposes (Jan)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows replication systems to disable triggers and rewrite
- rules as a group without modifying the system catalogs directly.
- The behavior is controlled by <command>ALTER TABLE</> and a new
- parameter <varname>session_replication_role</varname>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- User-defined types can now have type modifiers (Teodor, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows a user-defined type to take a modifier, like
- <type>ssnum(7)</>. Previously only built-in
- data types could have modifiers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Commands</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Non-superuser database owners now are able to add trusted procedural
- languages to their databases by default (Jeremy Drake)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- While this is reasonably safe, some administrators might wish to
- revoke the privilege. It is controlled by
- <structname>pg_pltemplate</>.<structfield>tmpldbacreate</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow a session's current parameter setting to be used as the
- default for future sessions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is done with <literal>SET ... FROM CURRENT</literal> in
- <command>CREATE/ALTER FUNCTION</command>, <command>ALTER
- DATABASE</command>, or <command>ALTER ROLE</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implement new commands <command>DISCARD ALL</command>,
- <command>DISCARD PLANS</command>, <command>DISCARD
- TEMPORARY</command>, <command>CLOSE ALL</command>, and
- <command>DEALLOCATE ALL</command> (Marko Kreen, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These commands simplify resetting a database session to its initial
- state, and are particularly useful for connection-pooling software.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CLUSTER</command> MVCC-safe (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Formerly, <command>CLUSTER</command> would discard all tuples
- that were committed dead, even if there were still transactions
- that should be able to see them under MVCC visibility rules.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new <command>CLUSTER</command> syntax: <literal>CLUSTER
- <replaceable>table</> USING <replaceable>index</></literal>
- (Holger Schurig)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The old <command>CLUSTER</command> syntax is still supported, but
- the new form is considered more logical.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>EXPLAIN</command> so it can show complex plans
- more accurately (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- References to subplan outputs are now always shown correctly,
- instead of using <literal>?column<replaceable>N</>?</literal>
- for complicated cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Limit the amount of information reported when a user is dropped
- (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, dropping (or attempting to drop) a user who owned many
- objects could result in large <literal>NOTICE</literal> or
- <literal>ERROR</literal> messages listing all these objects; this
- caused problems for some client applications. The length of the
- message is now limited, although a full list is still sent to the
- server log.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Data Types</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support for the SQL/XML standard, including new operators and an
- <type>XML</type> data type (Nikolay Samokhvalov, Pavel Stehule, Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enumerated data types (<type>ENUM</type>) (Tom Dunstan)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This feature provides convenient support for fields that have a
- small, fixed set of allowed values. An example of creating an
- <literal>ENUM</> type is
- <literal>CREATE TYPE mood AS ENUM ('sad', 'ok', 'happy')</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Universally Unique Identifier (<type>UUID</>) data type (Gevik
- Babakhani, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This closely matches <acronym>RFC</> 4122.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen the <type>MONEY</type> data type to 64 bits (D'Arcy Cain)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This greatly increases the range of supported <type>MONEY</>
- values.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>float4</type>/<type>float8</type> to handle
- <literal>Infinity</> and <literal>NAN</> (Not A Number)
- consistently (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The code formerly was not consistent about distinguishing
- <literal>Infinity</> from overflow conditions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow leading and trailing whitespace during input of
- <type>boolean</type> values (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>COPY</> from using digits and lowercase letters as
- delimiters (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Functions</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new regular expression functions
- <function>regexp_matches()</function>,
- <function>regexp_split_to_array()</function>, and
- <function>regexp_split_to_table()</function> (Jeremy Drake, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These functions provide extraction of regular expression
- subexpressions and allow splitting a string using a POSIX regular
- expression.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>lo_truncate()</function> for large object truncation
- (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implement <function>width_bucket()</function> for the <type>float8</>
- data type (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>pg_stat_clear_snapshot()</function> to discard
- statistics snapshots collected during the current transaction
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The first request for statistics in a transaction takes a statistics
- snapshot that does not change during the transaction. This function
- allows the snapshot to be discarded and a new snapshot loaded during
- the next statistics query. This is particularly useful for PL/PgSQL
- functions, which are confined to a single transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>isodow</> option to <function>EXTRACT()</> and
- <function>date_part()</> (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This returns the day of the week, with Sunday as seven.
- (<literal>dow</> returns Sunday as zero.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>ID</> (ISO day of week) and <literal>IDDD</> (ISO
- day of year) format codes for <function>to_char()</>,
- <function>to_date()</>, and <function>to_timestamp()</> (Brendan
- Jurd)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>to_timestamp()</> and <function>to_date()</>
- assume <literal>TM</literal> (trim) option for potentially
- variable-width fields (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This matches <productname>Oracle</>'s behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix off-by-one conversion error in
- <function>to_date()</function>/<function>to_timestamp()</function>
- <literal>D</> (non-ISO day of week) fields (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>setseed()</function> return void, rather than a
- useless integer value (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a hash function for <type>NUMERIC</type> (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows hash indexes and hash-based plans to be used with
- <type>NUMERIC</type> columns.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve efficiency of
- <literal>LIKE</literal>/<literal>ILIKE</literal>, especially for
- multi-byte character sets like UTF-8 (Andrew, Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>currtid()</function> functions require
- <literal>SELECT</literal> privileges on the target table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add several <function>txid_*()</function> functions to query
- active transaction IDs (Jan)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is useful for various replication solutions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/PgSQL Server-Side Language</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add scrollable cursor support, including directional control in
- <command>FETCH</command> (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>IN</literal> as an alternative to
- <literal>FROM</literal> in PL/PgSQL's <command>FETCH</command>
- statement, for consistency with the backend's
- <command>FETCH</command> command (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>MOVE</command> to PL/PgSQL (Magnus, Pavel Stehule,
- Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implement <command>RETURN QUERY</command> (Pavel Stehule, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This adds convenient syntax for PL/PgSQL set-returning functions
- that want to return the result of a query. <command>RETURN QUERY</>
- is easier and more efficient than a loop
- around <command>RETURN NEXT</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow function parameter names to be qualified with the
- function's name (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, <literal>myfunc.myvar</>. This is particularly
- useful for specifying variables in a query where the variable
- name might match a column name.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make qualification of variables with block labels work properly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Formerly, outer-level block labels could unexpectedly interfere with
- recognition of inner-level record or row references.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten requirements for <literal>FOR</literal> loop
- <literal>STEP</> values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Prevent non-positive <literal>STEP</> values, and handle
- loop overflows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve accuracy when reporting syntax error locations (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Other Server-Side Languages</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow type-name arguments to PL/Perl
- <function>spi_prepare()</function> to be data type aliases in
- addition to names found in <literal>pg_type</literal> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow type-name arguments to PL/Python
- <function>plpy.prepare()</function> to be data type aliases in
- addition to names found in <literal>pg_type</literal> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow type-name arguments to PL/Tcl <function>spi_prepare</> to
- be data type aliases in addition to names found in
- <literal>pg_type</literal> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable PL/PythonU to compile on Python 2.5 (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support a true PL/Python boolean type in compatible Python versions
- (Python 2.3 and later) (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl problems with thread-enabled <filename>libtcl</> spawning
- multiple threads within the backend (Steve Marshall, Paul Bayer,
- Doug Knight)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This caused all sorts of unpleasantness.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="APP-PSQL"><application>psql</></link></title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- List disabled triggers separately in <literal>\d</literal> output
- (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <literal>\d</literal> patterns, always match <literal>$</literal>
- literally (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Show aggregate return types in <literal>\da</literal> output
- (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add the function's volatility status to the output of
- <literal>\df+</literal> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>\prompt</literal> capability (Chad Wagner)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>\pset</literal>, <literal>\t</literal>, and
- <literal>\x</literal> to specify <literal>on</> or <literal>off</>,
- rather than just toggling (Chad Wagner)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>\sleep</> capability (Jan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable <literal>\timing</> output for <literal>\copy</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <literal>\timing</literal> resolution on Windows
- (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Flush <literal>\o</> output after each backslash command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Correctly detect and report errors while reading a <literal>-f</>
- input file (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <literal>-u</> option (this option has long been deprecated)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="APP-PGDUMP"><application>pg_dump</></link></title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>--tablespaces-only</> and <literal>--roles-only</>
- options to <application>pg_dumpall</application> (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add an output file option to
- <application>pg_dumpall</application> (Dave Page)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is primarily useful on Windows, where output redirection of
- child <application>pg_dump</application> processes does not work.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>pg_dumpall</> to accept an initial-connection
- database name rather than the default
- <literal>template1</literal> (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <literal>-n</> and <literal>-t</> switches, always match
- <literal>$</literal> literally (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance when a database has thousands of objects (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <literal>-u</> option (this option has long been deprecated)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Other Client Applications</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <application>initdb</>, allow the location of the
- <filename>pg_xlog</filename> directory to be specified
- (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable server core dump generation in <application>pg_regress</>
- on supported operating systems (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <literal>-t</> (timeout) parameter to <application>pg_ctl</>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This controls how long <application>pg_ctl</> will wait when waiting
- for server startup or shutdown. Formerly the timeout was hard-wired
- as 60 seconds.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <application>pg_ctl</> option to control generation
- of server core dumps (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow Control-C to cancel <application>clusterdb</>,
- <application>reindexdb</>, and <application>vacuumdb</> (Itagaki
- Takahiro, Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Suppress command tag output for <application>createdb</>,
- <application>createuser</>, <application>dropdb</>, and
- <application>dropuser</> (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The <literal>--quiet</> option is ignored and will be removed in 8.4.
- Progress messages when acting on all databases now go to stdout
- instead of stderr because they are not actually errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link></title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Interpret the <literal>dbName</> parameter of
- <function>PQsetdbLogin()</> as a <literal>conninfo</> string if
- it contains an equals sign (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows use of <literal>conninfo</> strings in client
- programs that still use <literal>PQsetdbLogin()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support a global <acronym>SSL</> configuration file (Victor
- Wagner)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add environment variable <varname>PGSSLKEY</> to control
- <acronym>SSL</> hardware keys (Victor Wagner)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>lo_truncate()</function> for large object
- truncation (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>PQconnectionNeedsPassword()</function> that returns
- true if the server required a password but none was supplied
- (Joe Conway, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If this returns true after a failed connection attempt, a client
- application should prompt the user for a password. In the past
- applications have had to check for a specific error message string to
- decide whether a password is needed; that approach is now
- deprecated.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>PQconnectionUsedPassword()</function> that returns
- true if the supplied password was actually used
- (Joe Conway, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is useful in some security contexts where it is important
- to know whether a user-supplied password is actually valid.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="ecpg"><application>ecpg</></link></title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use V3 frontend/backend protocol (Michael)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This adds support for server-side prepared statements.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use native threads, instead of pthreads, on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve thread-safety of ecpglib (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make the ecpg libraries export only necessary API symbols (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>Windows</> Port</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the whole <productname>PostgreSQL</> distribution to be compiled
- with <productname>Microsoft Visual C++</> (Magnus and others)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows Windows-based developers to use familiar development
- and debugging tools.
- Windows executables made with Visual C++ might also have better
- stability and performance than those made with other tool sets.
- The client-only Visual C++ build scripts have been removed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Drastically reduce postmaster's memory usage when it has many child
- processes (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow regression tests to be started by an administrative
- user (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add native shared memory implementation (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Programming Interface (<acronym>SPI</>)</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add cursor-related functionality in SPI (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Allow access to the cursor-related planning options, and add
- <command>FETCH</>/<command>MOVE</> routines.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow execution of cursor commands through
- <function>SPI_execute</function> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The macro <literal>SPI_ERROR_CURSOR</> still exists but will
- never be returned.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- SPI plan pointers are now declared as <literal>SPIPlanPtr</> instead of
- <literal>void *</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This does not break application code, but switching is
- recommended to help catch simple programming mistakes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Build Options</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <application>configure</> option <literal>--enable-profiling</>
- to enable code profiling (works only with <application>gcc</>)
- (Korry Douglas and Nikhil Sontakke)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <application>configure</> option <literal>--with-system-tzdata</>
- to use the operating system's time zone database (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <acronym>PGXS</> so extensions can be built against PostgreSQL
- installations whose <application>pg_config</> program does not
- appear first in the <varname>PATH</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support <command>gmake draft</command> when building the
- <acronym>SGML</> documentation (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Unless <literal>draft</> is used, the documentation build will
- now be repeated if necessary to ensure the index is up-to-date.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename macro <literal>DLLIMPORT</> to <literal>PGDLLIMPORT</> to
- avoid conflicting with third party includes (like Tcl) that
- define <literal>DLLIMPORT</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create <quote>operator families</quote> to improve planning of
- queries involving cross-data-type comparisons (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update GIN <function>extractQuery()</> API to allow signalling
- that nothing can satisfy the query (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Move <literal>NAMEDATALEN</> definition from
- <filename>postgres_ext.h</> to <filename>pg_config_manual.h</>
- (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Provide <function>strlcpy()</function> and
- <function>strlcat()</function> on all platforms, and replace
- error-prone uses of <function>strncpy()</function>,
- <function>strncat()</function>, etc (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create hooks to let an external plugin monitor (or even replace) the
- planner and create plans for hypothetical situations (Gurjeet
- Singh, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create a function variable <literal>join_search_hook</> to let plugins
- override the join search order portion of the planner (Julius
- Stroffek)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>tas()</> support for Renesas' M32R processor
- (Kazuhiro Inaoka)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>quote_identifier()</function> and
- <application>pg_dump</application> no longer quote keywords that are
- unreserved according to the grammar (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change the on-disk representation of the <type>NUMERIC</type>
- data type so that the <structfield>sign_dscale</> word comes
- before the weight (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <acronym>SYSV</> semaphores rather than POSIX on Darwin
- >= 6.0, i.e., OS X 10.2 and up (Chris Marcellino)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="acronyms">acronym</link> and <link
- linkend="creating-cluster-nfs">NFS</link> documentation
- sections (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- "Postgres" is now documented as an accepted alias for
- "PostgreSQL" (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add documentation about preventing database server spoofing when
- the server is down (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Move <filename>contrib</> <filename>README</> content into the
- main <productname>PostgreSQL</> documentation (Albert Cervera i
- Areny)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <filename>contrib/pageinspect</filename> module for low-level
- page inspection (Simon, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <filename>contrib/pg_standby</filename> module for controlling
- warm standby operation (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <filename>contrib/uuid-ossp</filename> module for generating
- <type>UUID</> values using the OSSP UUID library (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use <application>configure</>
- <literal>--with-ossp-uuid</literal> to activate. This takes
- advantage of the new <type>UUID</type> builtin type.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <filename>contrib/dict_int</filename>,
- <filename>contrib/dict_xsyn</filename>, and
- <filename>contrib/test_parser</filename> modules to provide
- sample add-on text search dictionary templates and parsers
- (Sergey Karpov)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>contrib/pgbench</> to set the fillfactor (Pavan
- Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add timestamps to <application>contrib/pgbench</> <literal>-l</>
- (Greg Smith)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add usage count statistics to
- <filename>contrib/pgbuffercache</filename> (Greg Smith)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add GIN support for <filename>contrib/hstore</> (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add GIN support for <filename>contrib/pg_trgm</> (Guillaume Smet, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update OS/X startup scripts in
- <filename>contrib/start-scripts</filename> (Mark Cotner, David
- Fetter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Restrict <function>pgrowlocks()</function> and
- <function>dblink_get_pkey()</function> to users who have
- <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on the target table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Restrict <filename>contrib/pgstattuple</filename> functions to
- superusers (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>contrib/xml2</filename> is deprecated and planned for
- removal in 8.4 (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new XML support in core PostgreSQL supersedes this module.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-13">
- <title>Release 8.2.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.12.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.11,
- see the release notes for 8.2.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible failure in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> when C locale is
- used with a multi-byte encoding (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Crashes were possible on platforms where <type>wchar_t</> is narrower
- than <type>int</>; Windows in particular.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix extreme inefficiency in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> parser's
- handling of an email-like string containing multiple <literal>@</>
- characters (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix decompilation of <literal>CASE WHEN</> with an implicit coercion
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This mistake could lead to Assert failures in an Assert-enabled build,
- or an <quote>unexpected CASE WHEN clause</> error message in other
- cases, when trying to examine or dump a view.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible misassignment of the owner of a TOAST table's rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If <command>CLUSTER</> or a rewriting variant of <command>ALTER TABLE</>
- were executed by someone other than the table owner, the
- <structname>pg_type</> entry for the table's TOAST table would end up
- marked as owned by that someone. This caused no immediate problems,
- since the permissions on the TOAST rowtype aren't examined by any
- ordinary database operation. However, it could lead to unexpected
- failures if one later tried to drop the role that issued the command
- (in 8.1 or 8.2), or <quote>owner of data type appears to be invalid</>
- warnings from <application>pg_dump</> after having done so (in 8.3).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/pgSQL to not treat <literal>INTO</> after <command>INSERT</> as
- an INTO-variables clause anywhere in the string, not only at the start;
- in particular, don't fail for <command>INSERT INTO</> within
- <command>CREATE RULE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up PL/pgSQL error status variables fully at block exit
- (Ashesh Vashi and Dave Page)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is not a problem for PL/pgSQL itself, but the omission could cause
- the PL/pgSQL Debugger to crash while examining the state of a function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Retry failed calls to <function>CallNamedPipe()</> on Windows
- (Steve Marshall, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It appears that this function can sometimes fail transiently;
- we previously treated any failure as a hard error, which could
- confuse <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</> as well as other
- operations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-12">
- <title>Release 8.2.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.11.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.11,
- see the release notes for 8.2.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible Assert failure if a statement executed in PL/pgSQL is
- rewritten into another kind of statement, for example if an
- <command>INSERT</> is rewritten into an <command>UPDATE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that a snapshot is available to datatype input functions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This primarily affects domains that are declared with <literal>CHECK</>
- constraints involving user-defined stable or immutable functions. Such
- functions typically fail if no snapshot has been set.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make it safer for SPI-using functions to be used within datatype I/O;
- in particular, to be used in domain check constraints (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a problem that made <literal>UPDATE RETURNING tableoid</>
- return zero instead of the correct OID (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner misestimation of selectivity when transitive equality
- is applied to an outer-join clause (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could result in bad plans for queries like
- <literal>... from a left join b on a.a1 = b.b1 where a.a1 = 42 ...</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimizer's handling of long <literal>IN</> lists (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change avoids wasting large amounts of time on such lists
- when constraint exclusion is enabled.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that the contents of a holdable cursor don't depend on the
- contents of TOAST tables (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, large field values in a cursor result might be represented
- as TOAST pointers, which would fail if the referenced table got dropped
- before the cursor is read, or if the large value is deleted and then
- vacuumed away. This cannot happen with an ordinary cursor,
- but it could with a cursor that is held past its creating transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leak when a set-returning function is terminated without
- reading its whole result (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/dblink</>'s
- <function>dblink_get_result(text,bool)</> function (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible garbage output from <filename>contrib/sslinfo</> functions
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>configure</> script to properly report failure when
- unable to obtain linkage information for PL/Perl (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2009a (for
- Kathmandu and historical DST corrections in Switzerland, Cuba)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-11">
- <title>Release 8.2.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.10.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7. Also, if you were running a previous
- 8.2.X release, it is recommended to <command>REINDEX</> all GiST
- indexes after the upgrade.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GiST index corruption due to marking the wrong index entry
- <quote>dead</> after a deletion (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would result in index searches failing to find rows they
- should have found. Corrupted indexes can be fixed with
- <command>REINDEX</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash when deeply nested functions are invoked from
- a trigger (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimization of <replaceable>expression</> <literal>IN</>
- (<replaceable>expression-list</>) queries (Tom, per an idea from Robert
- Haas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Cases in which there are query variables on the right-hand side had been
- handled less efficiently in 8.2.x and 8.3.x than in prior versions.
- The fix restores 8.1 behavior for such cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix mis-expansion of rule queries when a sub-<literal>SELECT</> appears
- in a function call in <literal>FROM</>, a multi-row <literal>VALUES</>
- list, or a <literal>RETURNING</> list (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The usual symptom of this problem is an <quote>unrecognized node type</>
- error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leak during rescan of a hashed aggregation plan (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure an error is reported when a newly-defined PL/pgSQL trigger
- function is invoked as a normal function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible collision of <structfield>relfilenode</> numbers
- when moving a table to another tablespace with <command>ALTER SET
- TABLESPACE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The command tried to re-use the existing filename, instead of
- picking one that is known unused in the destination directory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect tsearch2 headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE ROLE</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix recent breakage of <literal>pg_ctl restart</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <filename>pg_control</> is opened in binary mode
- (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>pg_controldata</> and <application>pg_resetxlog</>
- did this incorrectly, and so could fail on Windows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008i (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Syria)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-10">
- <title>Release 8.2.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.9.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in btree WAL recovery code (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Recovery failed if the WAL ended partway through a page split operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential miscalculation of <structfield>datfrozenxid</> (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This error may explain some recent reports of failure to remove old
- <structname>pg_clog</> data.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen local lock counters from 32 to 64 bits (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This responds to reports that the counters could overflow in
- sufficiently long transactions, leading to unexpected <quote>lock is
- already held</> errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible duplicate output of tuples during a GiST index scan (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix missed permissions checks when a view contains a simple
- <literal>UNION ALL</> construct (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Permissions for the referenced tables were checked properly, but not
- permissions for the view itself.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add checks in executor startup to ensure that the tuples produced by an
- <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> will match the target table's
- current rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</>, followed by re-use of a previously
- cached plan, could produce this type of situation. The check protects
- against data corruption and/or crashes that could ensue.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible repeated drops during <command>DROP OWNED</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would typically result in strange errors such as <quote>cache
- lookup failed for relation NNN</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> to first try to interpret its timezone
- argument as a timezone abbreviation, and only try it as a full timezone
- name if that fails, rather than the other way around as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The timestamp input functions have always resolved ambiguous zone names
- in this order. Making <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> do so as well improves
- consistency, and fixes a compatibility bug introduced in 8.1:
- in ambiguous cases we now behave the same as 8.0 and before did,
- since in the older versions <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> accepted
- <emphasis>only</> abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent integer overflows during units conversion when displaying a
- configuration parameter that has units (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow spaces in the suffix part of an LDAP URL in
- <filename>pg_hba.conf</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner bug with nested sub-select expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If the outer sub-select has no direct dependency on the parent query,
- but the inner one does, the outer value might not get recalculated
- for new parent query rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/PgSQL to not fail when a <literal>FOR</> loop's target variable
- is a record containing composite-type fields (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl to behave correctly with Tcl 8.5, and to be more careful
- about the encoding of data sent to or from Tcl (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, work around a Microsoft bug by preventing
- <application>libpq</> from trying to send more than 64kB per system call
- (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly preserve postmaster
- command-line arguments across a <literal>restart</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008f (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Mauritius, Morocco,
- Pakistan, Palestine, and Paraguay)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-9">
- <title>Release 8.2.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious and one minor bug fix over 8.2.8.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>ALTER AGGREGATE ... OWNER TO</> update
- <structname>pg_shdepend</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This oversight could lead to problems if the aggregate was later
- involved in a <command>DROP OWNED</> or <command>REASSIGN OWNED</>
- operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-8">
- <title>Release 8.2.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.7.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.2.7,
- see the release notes for 8.2.7.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>ERRORDATA_STACK_SIZE exceeded</literal> crash that
- occurred on Windows when using UTF-8 database encoding and a different
- client encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ... PRIMARY KEY</> so that the new
- column is correctly checked to see if it's been initialized to all
- non-nulls (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous versions neglected to check this requirement at all.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible <command>CREATE TABLE</> failure when inheriting the
- <quote>same</> constraint from multiple parent relations that
- inherited that constraint from a common ancestor (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> to show the alias, if any, attached
- to the target table of an <command>UPDATE</> or <command>DELETE</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GIN bug that could result in a <literal>too many LWLocks
- taken</literal> failure (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid possible crash when decompressing corrupted data
- (Zdenek Kotala)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair two places where SIGTERM exit of a backend could leave corrupted
- state in shared memory (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Neither case is very important if SIGTERM is used to shut down the
- whole database cluster together, but there was a problem if someone
- tried to SIGTERM individual backends.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix several datatype input functions, notably <function>array_in()</>,
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008c (for
- DST law changes in Morocco, Iraq, Choibalsan, Pakistan, Syria, Cuba, and
- Argentina/San_Luis)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix broken GiST comparison function for <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>'s
- <type>tsquery</> type (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes in <filename>contrib/cube</> functions (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump in <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s
- <function>xpath_table()</> function when the input query returns a
- NULL value (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s makefile to not override
- <literal>CFLAGS</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DatumGetBool</> macro to not fail with <application>gcc</>
- 4.3 (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This problem affects <quote>old style</> (V0) C functions that
- return boolean. The fix is already in 8.3, but the need to
- back-patch it was not realized at the time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-7">
- <title>Release 8.2.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-03-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.6.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- However, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the Windows locale
- issue described below.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix character string comparison for Windows locales that consider
- different character combinations as equal (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fix applies only on Windows and only when using UTF-8
- database encoding. The same fix was made for all other cases
- over two years ago, but Windows with UTF-8 uses a separate code
- path that was not updated. If you are using a locale that
- considers some non-identical strings as equal, you may need to
- <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on textual columns.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair potential deadlock between concurrent <command>VACUUM FULL</>
- operations on different system catalogs (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>LISTEN</> and <command>UNLISTEN</> within a
- prepared transaction (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was formerly allowed but trying to do it had various unpleasant
- consequences, notably that the originating backend could not exit
- as long as an <command>UNLISTEN</> remained uncommitted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow dropping a temporary table within a
- prepared transaction (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was correctly disallowed by 8.1, but the check was inadvertently
- broken in 8.2.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare crash when an error occurs during a query using a hash index
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory leaks in certain usages of set-returning functions (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix input of datetime values for February 29 in years BC (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former coding was mistaken about which years were leap years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unrecognized node type</> error in some variants of
- <command>ALTER OWNER</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <structname>pg_stat_activity</>.<structfield>waiting</> flag
- is cleared when a lock wait is aborted (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix handling of process permissions on Windows Vista (Dave, Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In particular, this fix allows starting the server as the Administrator
- user.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008a
- (in particular, recent Chile changes); adjust timezone abbreviation
- <literal>VET</> (Venezuela) to mean UTC-4:30, not UTC-4:00 (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to correctly extract the postmaster's port
- number from command-line options (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, <literal>pg_ctl start -w</> could try to contact the
- postmaster on the wrong port, leading to bogus reports of startup
- failure.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>-fwrapv</> to defend against possible misoptimization
- in recent <application>gcc</> versions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be necessary when building <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- with <application>gcc</> 4.3 or later.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Correctly enforce <varname>statement_timeout</> values longer
- than <literal>INT_MAX</> microseconds (about 35 minutes) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This bug affects only builds with <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unexpected PARAM_SUBLINK ID</> planner error when
- constant-folding simplifies a sub-select (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logical errors in constraint-exclusion handling of <literal>IS
- NULL</> and <literal>NOT</> expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The planner would sometimes exclude partitions that should not
- have been excluded because of the possibility of NULL results.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix another cause of <quote>failed to build any N-way joins</>
- planner errors (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could happen in cases where a clauseless join needed to be
- forced before a join clause could be exploited.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect constant propagation in outer-join planning (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The planner could sometimes incorrectly conclude that a variable
- could be constrained to be equal to a constant, leading
- to wrong query results.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix display of constant expressions in <literal>ORDER BY</>
- and <literal>GROUP BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- An explictly casted constant would be shown incorrectly. This could
- for example lead to corruption of a view definition during
- dump and reload.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> to handle NOTICE messages correctly
- during COPY OUT (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This failure has only been observed to occur when a user-defined
- datatype's output routine issues a NOTICE, but there is no
- guarantee it couldn't happen due to other causes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-6">
- <title>Release 8.2.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.5,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair assorted bugs in the regular-expression package (Tom, Will Drewry)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Suitably crafted regular-expression patterns could cause crashes,
- infinite or near-infinite looping, and/or massive memory consumption,
- all of which pose denial-of-service hazards for applications that
- accept regex search patterns from untrustworthy sources.
- (CVE-2007-4769, CVE-2007-4772, CVE-2007-6067)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 8.2.5 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs in WAL replay for GIN indexes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GIN index build to work properly when
- <varname>maintenance_work_mem</> is 4GB or more (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2007k
- (in particular, recent Argentina changes) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planner's handling of LIKE/regex estimation in non-C locales
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planning-speed problem for deep outer-join nests, as well as
- possible poor choice of join order (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure in some cases of <literal>WHERE false AND var IN
- (SELECT ...)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE TABLE ... SERIAL</> and
- <command>ALTER SEQUENCE ... OWNED BY</> not change the
- <function>currval()</> state of the sequence (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Preserve the tablespace and storage parameters of indexes that are
- rebuilt by <command>ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make archive recovery always start a new WAL timeline, rather than only
- when a recovery stop time was used (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a corner-case risk of trying to overwrite an existing
- archived copy of the last WAL segment, and seems simpler and cleaner
- than the original definition.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>VACUUM</> not use all of <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>
- when the table is too small for it to be useful (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>corr()</> return the correct result for negative
- correlation values (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix overflow in <literal>extract(epoch from interval)</> for intervals
- exceeding 68 years (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to not fail when a UTF-8 regular expression is used
- in a trusted function (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to cope when platform's Perl defines type <literal>bool</>
- as <literal>int</> rather than <literal>char</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- While this could theoretically happen anywhere, no standard build of
- Perl did things this way ... until <productname>Mac OS X</> 10.5.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to work correctly with Python 2.5 on 64-bit machines
- (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to not crash on long exception messages (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_dump</> to correctly handle inheritance child tables
- that have default expressions different from their parent's (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> crash when <varname>PGPASSFILE</> refers
- to a file that is not a plain file (Martin Pitt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>ecpg</> parser fixes (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> defend against
- <application>OpenSSL</> libraries that fail on keys longer than 128
- bits; which is the case at least on some Solaris versions (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>tsvector</> and <type>tsquery</> output routines to
- escape backslashes correctly (Teodor, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <function>to_tsvector()</> on huge input strings (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update <function>gettimeofday</> configuration check so that
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> can be built on newer versions of
- <productname>MinGW</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-5">
- <title>Release 8.2.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.4.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>ALTER DOMAIN ADD CONSTRAINT</> for cases involving
- domains over domains (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix some planner problems with outer joins, notably poor
- size estimation for <literal>t1 LEFT JOIN t2 WHERE t2.col IS NULL</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the <type>interval</> data type to accept input consisting only of
- milliseconds or microseconds (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow timezone name to appear before the year in <type>timestamp</> input (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fixes for <acronym>GIN</> indexes used by <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up rtree index insertion (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix excessive logging of <acronym>SSL</> error messages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logging so that log messages are never interleaved when using
- the syslogger process (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect handling of some foreign-key corner cases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>stddev_pop(numeric)</> and <function>var_pop(numeric)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>REINDEX</> and <command>CLUSTER</> from failing
- due to attempting to process temporary tables of other sessions (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update the time zone database rules, particularly New Zealand's upcoming changes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Windows socket and semaphore improvements (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>pg_ctl -w</> work properly in Windows service mode (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix memory allocation bug when using <application>MIT Kerberos</> on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Suppress timezone name (<literal>%Z</>) in log timestamps on Windows
- because of possible encoding mismatches (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Restrict <filename>/contrib/pgstattuple</> functions to superusers, for security reasons (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Do not let <filename>/contrib/intarray</> try to make its GIN opclass
- the default (this caused problems at dump/restore) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-4">
- <title>Release 8.2.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.3,
- including a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <varname>shared_preload_libraries</> for Windows
- by forcing reload in each backend (Korry Douglas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>to_char()</> so it properly upper/lower cases localized day or month
- names (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> crash fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require <command>COMMIT PREPARED</> to be executed in the same
- database as the transaction was prepared in (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>pg_dump</> to do binary backups larger than two gigabytes
- on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New traditional (Taiwan) Chinese <acronym>FAQ</> (Zhou Daojing)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent the statistics collector from writing to disk too frequently (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in domains that use array types (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>pg_dump</> so it can dump a serial column's sequence
- using <option>-t</> when not also dumping the owning table
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Planner fixes, including improving outer join and bitmap scan
- selection logic (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible wrong answers or crash when a PL/pgSQL function tries
- to <literal>RETURN</> from within an <literal>EXCEPTION</> block
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PANIC during enlargement of a hash index (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix POSIX-style timezone specs to follow new USA DST rules (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-3">
- <title>Release 8.2.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains two fixes from 8.2.2.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove overly-restrictive check for type length in constraints and
- functional indexes(Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix optimization so MIN/MAX in subqueries can again use indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-2">
- <title>Release 8.2.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.1, including
- a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.X.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerabilities that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The vulnerabilities involve suppressing the normal check that a SQL
- function returns the data type it's declared to, and changing the
- data type of a table column (CVE-2007-0555, CVE-2007-0556). These
- errors can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix not-so-rare-anymore bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix Borland C compile scripts (L Bayuk)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Properly handle <function>to_char('CC')</> for years ending in
- <literal>00</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Year 2000 is in the twentieth century, not the twenty-first.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> localization improvements (Tatsuo, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect permission check in
- <literal>information_schema.key_column_usage</> view (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The symptom is <quote>relation with OID nnnnn does not exist</> errors.
- To get this fix without using <command>initdb</>, use <command>CREATE OR
- REPLACE VIEW</> to install the corrected definition found in
- <filename>share/information_schema.sql</>. Note you will need to do
- this in each database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>VACUUM</> performance for databases with many tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for rare Assert() crash triggered by <literal>UNION</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potentially incorrect results from index searches using
- <literal>ROW</> inequality conditions (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bogus <quote>permission denied</> failures occurring on Windows
- due to attempts to fsync already-deleted files (Magnus, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug that could cause the statistics collector
- to hang on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would in turn lead to autovacuum not working.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes when an already-in-use PL/pgSQL function is
- updated (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve PL/pgSQL handling of domain types (Sergiy Vyshnevetskiy, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible errors in processing PL/pgSQL exception blocks (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2-1">
- <title>Release 8.2.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.2.
- For information about new features in the 8.2 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-2">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash with <literal>SELECT</> ... <literal>LIMIT ALL</> (also
- <literal>LIMIT NULL</>) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>Several /contrib/tsearch2</> fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, make log messages coming from the operating system use
- <acronym>ASCII</> encoding (Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a conversion problem when there is a mismatch between
- the encoding of the operating system and database server.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix Windows linking of <application>pg_dump</> using
- <filename>win32.mak</>
- (Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner mistakes for outer join queries (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix several problems in queries involving sub-SELECTs (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in SPI during subtransaction abort (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects all PL functions since they all use SPI.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve build speed of <acronym>PDF</> documentation (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Re-add <acronym>JST</> (Japan) timezone abbreviation (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimization decisions related to index scans (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <application>psql</> print multi-byte combining characters as
- before, rather than output as <literal>\u</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <application>pg_dumpall</> assume that databases have public
- <literal>CONNECT</> privilege, when dumping from a pre-8.2 server (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This preserves the previous behavior that anyone can connect to a
- database if allowed by <filename>pg_hba.conf</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-2">
- <title>Release 8.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-12-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- This release adds many functionality and performance improvements that
- were requested by users, including:
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Query language enhancements including <command>INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
- RETURNING</command>, multirow <literal>VALUES</literal> lists, and
- optional target-table alias in
- <command>UPDATE</>/<command>DELETE</command>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Index creation without blocking concurrent
- <command>INSERT</>/<command>UPDATE</>/<command>DELETE</>
- operations
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many query optimization improvements, including support for
- reordering outer joins
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improved sorting performance with lower memory usage
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More efficient locking with better concurrency
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More efficient vacuuming
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Easier administration of warm standby servers
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <literal>FILLFACTOR</literal> support for tables and indexes
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Monitoring, logging, and performance tuning additions
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More control over creating and dropping objects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Table inheritance relationships can be defined
- for and removed from pre-existing tables
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>COPY TO</command> can copy the output of an arbitrary
- <command>SELECT</command> statement
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Array improvements, including nulls in arrays
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Aggregate-function improvements, including multiple-input
- aggregates and SQL:2003 statistical functions
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many <filename>contrib/</filename> improvements
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
- required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
- release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Set <link
- linkend="guc-escape-string-warning"><varname>escape_string_warning</></link>
- to <literal>on</> by default (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This issues a warning if backslash escapes are used in
- <link linkend="sql-syntax-strings">non-escape (non-<literal>E''</>)
- strings</link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change the <link linkend="sql-syntax-row-constructors">row
- constructor syntax</link> (<literal>ROW(...)</>) so that
- list elements <literal>foo.*</> will be expanded to a list
- of their member fields, rather than creating a nested
- row type field as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new behavior is substantially more useful since it
- allows, for example, triggers to check for data changes
- with <literal>IF row(new.*) IS DISTINCT FROM row(old.*)</>.
- The old behavior is still available by omitting <literal>.*</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="row-wise-comparison">row comparisons</link>
- follow <acronym>SQL</> standard semantics and allow them
- to be used in index scans (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, row = and <> comparisons followed the
- standard but < <= > >= did not. A row comparison
- can now be used as an index constraint for a multicolumn
- index matching the row value.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="functions-comparison">row <literal>IS <optional>NOT</> NULL</literal></link>
- tests follow <acronym>SQL</> standard semantics (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former behavior conformed to the standard for simple cases
- with <literal>IS NULL</>, but <literal>IS NOT NULL</> would return
- true if any row field was non-null, whereas the standard says it
- should return true only when all fields are non-null.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="SQL-SET-CONSTRAINTS"><command>SET
- CONSTRAINT</></link> affect only one constraint (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In previous releases, <command>SET CONSTRAINT</> modified
- all constraints with a matching name. In this release,
- the schema search path is used to modify only the first
- matching constraint. A schema specification is also
- supported. This more nearly conforms to the SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <literal>RULE</> permission for tables, for security reasons
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- As of this release, only a table's owner can create or modify
- rules for the table. For backwards compatibility,
- <command>GRANT</>/<command>REVOKE RULE</> is still accepted,
- but it does nothing.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Array comparison improvements (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Now array dimensions are also compared.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <link linkend="functions-array">array concatenation</link>
- to match documented behavior (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This changes the previous behavior where concatenation
- would modify the array lower bound.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make command-line options of <application>postmaster</>
- and <link linkend="app-postgres"><application>postgres</></link>
- identical (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows the postmaster to pass arguments to each backend
- without using <literal>-o</>. Note that some options are now
- only available as long-form options, because there were conflicting
- single-letter options.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Deprecate use of <application>postmaster</> symbolic link (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>postmaster</> and <application>postgres</>
- commands now act identically, with the behavior determined
- by command-line options. The <application>postmaster</> symbolic link is
- kept for compatibility, but is not really needed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <link
- linkend="guc-log-duration"><varname>log_duration</></link>
- to output even if the query is not output (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In prior releases, <varname>log_duration</> only printed if
- the query appeared earlier in the log.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(time)</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(interval)</></link>
- treat <literal>HH</> and <literal>HH12</> as 12-hour
- intervals
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Most applications should use <literal>HH24</> unless they
- want a 12-hour display.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Zero unmasked bits in conversion from <link
- linkend="datatype-inet"><type>INET</></link> to <link
- linkend="datatype-inet"><type>CIDR</></link> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This ensures that the converted value is actually valid for
- <type>CIDR</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <varname>australian_timezones</> configuration variable
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This variable has been superseded by a more general facility
- for configuring timezone abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve cost estimation for nested-loop index scans (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This might eliminate the need to set unrealistically small
- values of <link
- linkend="guc-random-page-cost"><varname>random_page_cost</></link>.
- If you have been using a very small <varname>random_page_cost</>,
- please recheck your test cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change behavior of <command>pg_dump</> <literal>-n</> and
- <literal>-t</> options. (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
- <para>
- See the <command>pg_dump</> manual page for details.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link>
- <function>PQdsplen()</> to return a useful value (Martijn
- van Oosterhout)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Declare <link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link>
- <function>PQgetssl()</> as returning <literal>void *</>,
- rather than <literal>SSL *</> (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows applications to use the function without including
- the OpenSSL headers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C-language loadable modules must now include a
- <link linkend="xfunc-c-dynload"><literal>PG_MODULE_MAGIC</></link>
- macro call for version compatibility checking
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- For security's sake, modules used by a PL/PerlU function are no
- longer available to PL/Perl functions (Andrew)
- </para>
- <note>
- <para>
- This also implies that data can no longer be shared between a PL/Perl
- function and a PL/PerlU function.
- Some Perl installations have not been compiled with the correct flags
- to allow multiple interpreters to exist within a single process.
- In this situation PL/Perl and PL/PerlU cannot both be used in a
- single backend. The solution is to get a Perl installation which
- supports multiple interpreters.
- </para>
- </note>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <filename>contrib/xml2/</>, rename <function>xml_valid()</> to
- <function>xml_is_well_formed()</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <function>xml_valid()</> will remain for backward compatibility,
- but its behavior will change to do schema checking in a future
- release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <filename>contrib/ora2pg/</>, now at <ulink
- url="http://www.samse.fr/GPL/ora2pg"></ulink>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove contrib modules that have been migrated to PgFoundry:
- <filename>adddepend</>, <filename>dbase</>, <filename>dbmirror</>,
- <filename>fulltextindex</>, <filename>mac</>, <filename>userlock</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove abandoned contrib modules:
- <filename>mSQL-interface</>, <filename>tips</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <acronym>QNX</> and <acronym>BEOS</> ports (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These ports no longer had active maintainers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the
- changes between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.2 and
- the previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance Improvements</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the planner to reorder <link linkend="queries-join">outer
- joins</link> in some circumstances (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In previous releases, outer joins would always be evaluated in
- the order written in the query. This change allows the
- query optimizer to consider reordering outer joins, in cases where
- it can determine that the join order can be changed without
- altering the meaning of the query. This can make a
- considerable performance difference for queries involving
- multiple outer joins or mixed inner and outer joins.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve efficiency of <link
- linkend="functions-comparisons"><literal>IN</>
- (list-of-expressions)</link> clauses (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve sorting speed and reduce memory usage (Simon, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve subtransaction performance (Alvaro, Itagaki Takahiro,
- Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>FILLFACTOR</> to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLE">table</link> and <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATEINDEX">index</link> creation (ITAGAKI
- Takahiro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This leaves extra free space in each table or index page,
- allowing improved performance as the database grows. This
- is particularly valuable to maintain clustering.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Increase default values for <link
- linkend="guc-shared-buffers"><varname>shared_buffers</></link>
- and <varname>max_fsm_pages</>
- (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve locking performance by breaking the lock manager tables into
- sections
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows locking to be more fine-grained, reducing
- contention.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce locking requirements of sequential scans (Qingqing
- Zhou)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce locking required for database creation and destruction
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the optimizer's selectivity estimates for <link
- linkend="functions-like"><literal>LIKE</></link>, <link
- linkend="functions-like"><literal>ILIKE</></link>, and
- <link linkend="functions-posix-regexp">regular expression</link>
- operations (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planning of joins to <link linkend="ddl-inherit">inherited
- tables</link> and <link linkend="queries-union"><literal>UNION
- ALL</></link> views (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="guc-constraint-exclusion">constraint
- exclusion</link> to be applied to <link
- linkend="ddl-inherit">inherited</link> <command>UPDATE</> and
- <command>DELETE</> queries (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>SELECT</> already honored constraint exclusion.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planning of constant <literal>WHERE</> clauses, such as
- a condition that depends only on variables inherited from an
- outer query level (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Protocol-level unnamed prepared statements are re-planned
- for each set of <literal>BIND</> values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves performance because the exact parameter values
- can be used in the plan.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up vacuuming of B-Tree indexes (Heikki Linnakangas,
- Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid extra scan of tables without indexes during <link
- linkend="SQL-VACUUM"><command>VACUUM</></link> (Greg Stark)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve multicolumn <link linkend="GiST"><acronym>GiST</></link>
- indexing (Oleg, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove dead index entries before B-Tree page split (Junji
- Teramoto)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow a forced switch to a new transaction log file (Simon, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is valuable for keeping warm standby slave servers
- in sync with the master. Transaction log file switching now also happens
- automatically during <link
- linkend="functions-admin"><function>pg_stop_backup()</></link>.
- This ensures that all
- transaction log files needed for recovery can be archived immediately.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <acronym>WAL</> informational functions (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Add functions for interrogating the current transaction log insertion
- point and determining <acronym>WAL</> filenames from the
- hex <acronym>WAL</> locations displayed by <link
- linkend="functions-admin"><function>pg_stop_backup()</></link>
- and related functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve recovery from a crash during <acronym>WAL</> replay (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The server now does periodic checkpoints during <acronym>WAL</>
- recovery, so if there is a crash, future <acronym>WAL</>
- recovery is shortened. This also eliminates the need for
- warm standby servers to replay the entire log since the
- base backup if they crash.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve reliability of long-term <acronym>WAL</> replay
- (Heikki, Simon, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Formerly, trying to roll forward through more than 2 billion
- transactions would not work due to XID wraparound. This meant
- warm standby servers had to be reloaded
- from fresh base backups periodically.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="guc-archive-timeout"><varname>archive_timeout</></link>
- to force transaction log file switches at a given interval (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This enforces a maximum replication delay for warm standby servers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add native <link linkend="auth-ldap"><acronym>LDAP</></link>
- authentication (Magnus Hagander)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is particularly useful for platforms that do not
- support <acronym>PAM</>, such as Windows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="sql-grant-description-objects"><literal>GRANT
- CONNECT ON DATABASE</></link> (Gevik Babakhani)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This gives SQL-level control over database access. It works as
- an additional filter on top of the existing
- <link linkend="auth-pg-hba-conf"><filename>pg_hba.conf</></link>
- controls.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <link linkend="ssl-tcp"><acronym>SSL</>
- Certificate Revocation List</link> (<acronym>CRL</>) files
- (Libor Hohoš)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The server and <application>libpq</> both recognize <acronym>CRL</>
- files now.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <link linkend="GiST"><acronym>GiST</></link> indexes are
- now clusterable (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove routine autovacuum server log entries (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_activity</></link>
- now shows autovacuum activity.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Track maximum XID age within individual tables, instead of whole databases (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This reduces the overhead involved in preventing transaction
- ID wraparound, by avoiding unnecessary VACUUMs.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add last vacuum and analyze timestamp columns to the stats
- collector (Larry Rosenman)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These values now appear in the <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_*_tables</></link>
- system views.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of statistics monitoring, especially
- <varname>stats_command_string</>
- (Tom, Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This release enables <varname>stats_command_string</> by
- default, now that its overhead is minimal. This means
- <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_activity</></link>
- will now show all active queries by default.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <literal>waiting</> column to <link
- linkend="monitoring-stats-views-table"><literal>pg_stat_activity</></link>
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <structname>pg_stat_activity</> to show all the
- information included in the <application>ps</> display.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-update-process-title"><varname>update_process_title</></link>
- to control whether the <application>ps</> display is updated
- for every command (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- On platforms where it is expensive to update the <application>ps</>
- display, it might be worthwhile to turn this off and rely solely on
- <structname>pg_stat_activity</> for status information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow units to be specified in configuration settings
- (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, you can now set <link
- linkend="guc-shared-buffers"><varname>shared_buffers</></link>
- to <literal>32MB</> rather than mentally converting sizes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <link linkend="config-setting">include
- directives</link> in <filename>postgresql.conf</> (Joachim
- Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve logging of protocol-level prepare/bind/execute
- messages (Bruce, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Such logging now shows statement names, bind parameter
- values, and the text of the query being executed. Also,
- the query text is properly included in logged error messages
- when enabled by <varname>log_min_error_statement</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <link
- linkend="guc-max-stack-depth"><varname>max_stack_depth</></link>
- from being set to unsafe values
- </para>
-
- <para>
- On platforms where we can determine the actual kernel stack depth
- limit (which is most), make sure that the initial default value of
- <varname>max_stack_depth</> is safe, and reject attempts to set it
- to unsafely large values.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable highlighting of error location in query in more
- cases (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The server is now able to report a specific error location for
- some semantic errors (such as unrecognized column name), rather
- than just for basic syntax errors as before.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>failed to re-find parent key</> errors in
- <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean out <filename>pg_internal.init</> cache files during server
- restart (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a hazard that the cache files might contain stale
- data after PITR recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix race condition for truncation of a large relation across a
- gigabyte boundary by <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug causing needless deadlock errors on row-level locks (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs affecting multi-gigabyte hash indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Each backend process is now its own process group leader (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows query cancel to abort subprocesses invoked from a
- backend or archive/recovery process.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Query Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-INSERT"><command>INSERT</></link>/<link
- linkend="SQL-UPDATE"><command>UPDATE</></link>/<link
- linkend="SQL-DELETE"><command>DELETE</></link>
- <literal>RETURNING</> (Jonah Harris, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows these commands to return values, such as the
- computed serial key for a new row. In the <command>UPDATE</>
- case, values from the updated version of the row are returned.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for multiple-row <link
- linkend="queries-values"><literal>VALUES</></link> clauses,
- per SQL standard (Joe, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <command>INSERT</> to insert multiple rows of
- constants, or queries to generate result sets using constants.
- For example, <literal>INSERT ... VALUES (...), (...),
- ....</>, and <literal>SELECT * FROM (VALUES (...), (...),
- ....) AS alias(f1, ...)</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-UPDATE"><command>UPDATE</></link>
- and <link linkend="SQL-DELETE"><command>DELETE</></link>
- to use an alias for the target table (Atsushi Ogawa)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The SQL standard does not permit an alias in these commands, but
- many database systems allow one anyway for notational convenience.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-UPDATE"><command>UPDATE</></link>
- to set multiple columns with a list of values (Susanne
- Ebrecht)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is basically a short-hand for assigning the columns
- and values in pairs. The syntax is <literal>UPDATE tab
- SET (<replaceable>column</>, ...) = (<replaceable>val</>, ...)</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make row comparisons work per standard (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The forms <, <=, >, >= now compare rows lexicographically,
- that is, compare the first elements, if equal compare the second
- elements, and so on. Formerly they expanded to an AND condition
- across all the elements, which was neither standard nor very useful.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-TRUNCATE"><literal>CASCADE</></link>
- option to <command>TRUNCATE</> (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This causes <command>TRUNCATE</> to automatically include all tables
- that reference the specified table(s) via foreign keys. While
- convenient, this is a dangerous tool — use with caution!
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support <literal>FOR UPDATE</> and <literal>FOR SHARE</>
- in the same <link linkend="SQL-INSERT"><literal>SELECT</></link>
- command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="functions-comparisons"><literal>IS NOT
- DISTINCT FROM</></link> (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This operator is similar to equality (<literal>=</>), but
- evaluates to true when both left and right operands are
- <literal>NULL</>, and to false when just one is, rather than
- yielding <literal>NULL</> in these cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the length output used by <link
- linkend="queries-union"><literal>UNION</></link>/<literal>INTERSECT</>/<literal>EXCEPT</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- When all corresponding columns are of the same defined length, that
- length is used for the result, rather than a generic length.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="functions-like"><literal>ILIKE</></link>
- to work for multi-byte encodings (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Internally, <literal>ILIKE</> now calls <function>lower()</>
- and then uses <literal>LIKE</>. Locale-specific regular
- expression patterns still do not work in these encodings.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enable <link
- linkend="guc-standard-conforming-strings"><varname>standard_conforming_strings</></link>
- to be turned <literal>on</> (Kevin Grittner)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows backslash escaping in strings to be disabled,
- making <productname>PostgreSQL</> more
- standards-compliant. The default is <literal>off</> for backwards
- compatibility, but future releases will default this to <literal>on</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Do not flatten subqueries that contain <literal>volatile</>
- functions in their target lists (Jaime Casanova)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents surprising behavior due to multiple evaluation
- of a <literal>volatile</> function (such as <function>random()</>
- or <function>nextval()</>). It might cause performance
- degradation in the presence of functions that are unnecessarily
- marked as <literal>volatile</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add system views <link
- linkend="view-pg-prepared-statements"><literal>pg_prepared_statements</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="view-pg-cursors"><literal>pg_cursors</></link>
- to show prepared statements and open cursors (Joachim Wieland, Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These are very useful in pooled connection setups.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support portal parameters in <link
- linkend="SQL-EXPLAIN"><command>EXPLAIN</></link> and <link
- linkend="SQL-EXECUTE"><command>EXECUTE</></link> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows, for example, <acronym>JDBC</> <literal>?</> parameters to
- work in these commands.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- If <acronym>SQL</>-level <link
- linkend="SQL-PREPARE"><command>PREPARE</></link> parameters
- are unspecified, infer their types from the content of the
- query (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Protocol-level <command>PREPARE</> already did this.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>LIMIT</> and <literal>OFFSET</> to exceed
- two billion (Dhanaraj M)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>TABLESPACE</> clause to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLEAS"><command>CREATE TABLE AS</></link>
- (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows a tablespace to be specified for the new table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>ON COMMIT</> clause to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLEAS"><command>CREATE TABLE AS</></link>
- (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows temporary tables to be truncated or dropped on
- transaction commit. The default behavior is for the table
- to remain until the session ends.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>INCLUDING CONSTRAINTS</> to <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETABLE"><command>CREATE TABLE LIKE</></link>
- (Greg Stark)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows easy copying of <literal>CHECK</> constraints to a new
- table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the creation of placeholder (shell) <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATETYPE">types</link> (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A shell type declaration creates a type name, without specifying
- any of the details of the type. Making a shell type is useful
- because it allows cleaner declaration of the type's input/output
- functions, which must exist before the type can be defined <quote>for
- real</>. The syntax is <command>CREATE TYPE <replaceable
- class="parameter">typename</replaceable></>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <link linkend="SQL-CREATEAGGREGATE">Aggregate functions</link>
- now support multiple input parameters (Sergey Koposov, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new aggregate creation <link
- linkend="SQL-CREATEAGGREGATE">syntax</link> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new syntax is <command>CREATE AGGREGATE
- <replaceable>aggname</> (<replaceable>input_type</>)
- (<replaceable>parameter_list</>)</command>. This more
- naturally supports the new multi-parameter aggregate
- functionality. The previous syntax is still supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="SQL-ALTERROLE"><command>ALTER ROLE PASSWORD NULL</></link>
- to remove a previously set role password (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>DROP</> object <literal>IF EXISTS</> for many
- object types (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <command>DROP</> operations on non-existent
- objects without generating an error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-DROP-OWNED"><literal>DROP OWNED</></link>
- to drop all objects owned by a role (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-REASSIGN-OWNED"><literal>REASSIGN
- OWNED</></link> to reassign ownership of all objects owned
- by a role (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This, and <literal>DROP OWNED</> above, facilitate dropping
- roles.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-GRANT"><command>GRANT ON SEQUENCE</></link>
- syntax (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was added for setting sequence-specific permissions.
- <literal>GRANT ON TABLE</> for sequences is still supported
- for backward compatibility.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-GRANT"><literal>USAGE</></link>
- permission for sequences that allows only <function>currval()</>
- and <function>nextval()</>, not <function>setval()</>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>USAGE</> permission allows more fine-grained
- control over sequence access. Granting <literal>USAGE</>
- allows users to increment
- a sequence, but prevents them from setting the sequence to
- an arbitrary value using <function>setval()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-ALTERTABLE"><literal>ALTER TABLE
- [ NO ] INHERIT</></link> (Greg Stark)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows inheritance to be adjusted dynamically, rather than
- just at table creation and destruction. This is very valuable
- when using inheritance to implement table partitioning.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-COMMENT">comments</link> on global
- objects to be stored globally (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, comments attached to databases were stored in individual
- databases, making them ineffective, and there was no provision
- at all for comments on roles or tablespaces. This change adds a new
- shared catalog <link
- linkend="catalog-pg-shdescription"><structname>pg_shdescription</structname></link>
- and stores comments on databases, roles, and tablespaces therein.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add option to allow indexes to be created without blocking
- concurrent writes to the table (Greg Stark, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new syntax is <link linkend="SQL-CREATEINDEX"><command>CREATE
- INDEX CONCURRENTLY</></link>. The default behavior is
- still to block table modification while a index is being
- created.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Provide <link linkend="functions-advisory-locks">advisory
- locking</link> functionality (Abhijit Menon-Sen, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is a new locking API designed to replace what used to be
- in /contrib/userlock. The userlock code is now on pgfoundry.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-COPY"><command>COPY</></link> to
- dump a <command>SELECT</> query (Zoltan Boszormenyi, Karel
- Zak)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows <command>COPY</> to dump arbitrary <acronym>SQL</>
- queries. The syntax is <literal>COPY (SELECT ...) TO</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make the <link linkend="SQL-COPY"><command>COPY</></link>
- command return a command tag that includes the number of
- rows copied (Volkan YAZICI)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-VACUUM"><command>VACUUM</></link>
- to expire rows without being affected by other concurrent
- <command>VACUUM</> operations (Hannu Krossing, Alvaro, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <link linkend="APP-INITDB"><application>initdb</></link>
- detect the operating system locale and set the default
- <varname>DateStyle</> accordingly (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This makes it more likely that the installed
- <filename>postgresql.conf</> <varname>DateStyle</> value will
- be as desired.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce number of progress messages displayed by <application>initdb</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Date/Time Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow full timezone names in <link
- linkend="datatype-datetime"><type>timestamp</></link> input values
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, <literal>'2006-05-24 21:11
- America/New_York'::timestamptz</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support configurable timezone abbreviations (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A desired set of timezone abbreviations can be chosen via the
- configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-timezone-abbreviations"><varname>timezone_abbreviations</></link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="view-pg-timezone-abbrevs"><varname>pg_timezone_abbrevs</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="view-pg-timezone-names"><varname>pg_timezone_names</></link>
- views to show supported timezones (Magnus Hagander)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>clock_timestamp()</></link>,
- <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>statement_timestamp()</></link>,
- and <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>transaction_timestamp()</></link>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <function>clock_timestamp()</> is the current wall-clock time,
- <function>statement_timestamp()</> is the time the current
- statement arrived at the server, and
- <function>transaction_timestamp()</> is an alias for
- <function>now()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char()</></link>
- to print localized month and day names (Euler Taveira de
- Oliveira)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(time)</></link>
- and <link
- linkend="functions-formatting"><function>to_char(interval)</></link>
- to output <acronym>AM</>/<acronym>PM</> specifications
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Intervals and times are treated as 24-hour periods, e.g.
- <literal>25 hours</> is considered <acronym>AM</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new function <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-table"><function>justify_interval()</></link>
- to adjust interval units (Mark Dilger)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow timezone offsets up to 14:59 away from GMT
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Kiribati uses GMT+14, so we'd better accept that.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Interval computation improvements (Michael Glaesemann, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Other Data Type and Function Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow arrays to contain <literal>NULL</> elements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow assignment to array elements not contiguous with the existing
- entries (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The intervening array positions will be filled with nulls.
- This is per SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New built-in <link linkend="functions-array">operators</link>
- for array-subset comparisons (<literal>@></>,
- <literal><@</>, <literal>&&</>) (Teodor, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These operators can be indexed for many data types using
- <acronym>GiST</> or <acronym>GIN</> indexes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add convenient arithmetic <link
- linkend="cidr-inet-operators-table">operations</link> on
- <type>INET</>/<type>CIDR</> values (Stephen R. van den
- Berg)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new operators are <literal>&</> (and), <literal>|</>
- (or), <literal>~</> (not), <type>inet</> <literal>+</> <type>int8</>,
- <type>inet</> <literal>-</> <type>int8</>, and
- <type>inet</> <literal>-</> <type>inet</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new <link
- linkend="functions-aggregate-statistics-table">aggregate functions</link>
- from SQL:2003 (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new functions are <function>var_pop()</>,
- <function>var_samp()</>, <function>stddev_pop()</>, and
- <function>stddev_samp()</>. <function>var_samp()</> and
- <function>stddev_samp()</> are merely renamings of the
- existing aggregates <function>variance()</> and
- <function>stddev()</>. The latter names remain available
- for backward compatibility.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add SQL:2003 statistical <link
- linkend="functions-aggregate-statistics-table">aggregates</link>
- (Sergey Koposov)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- New functions: <function>regr_intercept()</>,
- <function>regr_slope()</>, <function>regr_r2()</>,
- <function>corr()</>, <function>covar_samp()</>,
- <function>covar_pop()</>, <function>regr_avgx()</>,
- <function>regr_avgy()</>, <function>regr_sxy()</>,
- <function>regr_sxx()</>, <function>regr_syy()</>,
- <function>regr_count()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-CREATEDOMAIN">domains</link> to be
- based on other domains (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Properly enforce domain <link
- linkend="ddl-constraints"><literal>CHECK</></link> constraints
- everywhere (Neil, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- For example, the result of a user-defined function that is
- declared to return a domain type is now checked against the
- domain's constraints. This closes a significant hole in the domain
- implementation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix problems with dumping renamed <link
- linkend="datatype-serial"><type>SERIAL</></link> columns
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix is to dump a <type>SERIAL</> column by explicitly
- specifying its <literal>DEFAULT</> and sequence elements,
- and reconstructing the <type>SERIAL</> column on reload
- using a new <link linkend="SQL-ALTERSEQUENCE"><command>ALTER
- SEQUENCE OWNED BY</></link> command. This also allows
- dropping a <type>SERIAL</> column specification.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a server-side sleep function <link
- linkend="functions-datetime-delay"><function>pg_sleep()</></link>
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add all comparison operators for the <link
- linkend="datatype-oid"><type>tid</></link> (tuple id) data
- type (Mark Kirkwood, Greg Stark, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/PgSQL Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>TG_table_name</> and <literal>TG_table_schema</> to
- trigger parameters (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>TG_relname</> is now deprecated. Comparable
- changes have been made in the trigger parameters for the other
- PLs as well.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>FOR</> statements to return values to scalars
- as well as records and row types (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <literal>BY</> clause to the <literal>FOR</> loop,
- to control the iteration increment (Jaime Casanova)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>STRICT</> to <link
- linkend="plpgsql-statements-sql-onerow"><command>SELECT
- INTO</></link> (Matt Miller)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <literal>STRICT</> mode throws an exception if more or less
- than one row is returned by the <command>SELECT</>, for
- <productname>Oracle PL/SQL</> compatibility.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Perl Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>table_name</> and <literal>table_schema</> to
- trigger parameters (Adam Sjøgren)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add prepared queries (Dmitry Karasik)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>$_TD</> trigger data a global variable (Andrew)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, it was lexical, which caused unexpected sharing
- violations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Run PL/Perl and PL/PerlU in separate interpreters, for security
- reasons (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- In consequence, they can no longer share data nor loaded modules.
- Also, if Perl has not been compiled with the requisite flags to
- allow multiple interpreters, only one of these languages can be used
- in any given backend process.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Python Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Named parameters are passed as ordinary variables, as well as in the
- <literal>args[]</> array (Sven Suursoho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>table_name</> and <literal>table_schema</> to
- trigger parameters (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow returning of composite types and result sets (Sven Suursoho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Return result-set as <literal>list</>, <literal>iterator</>,
- or <literal>generator </>(Sven Suursoho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow functions to return <literal>void</> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Python 2.5 is now supported (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="APP-PSQL"><application>psql</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new command <literal>\password</> for changing role
- password with client-side password encryption (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>\c</> to connect to a new host and port
- number (David, Volkan YAZICI)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add tablespace display to <literal>\l+</> (Philip Yarra)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <literal>\df</> slash command to include the argument
- names and modes (<literal>OUT</> or <literal>INOUT</>) of
- the function (David Fetter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support binary <command>COPY</> (Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add option to run the entire session in a single transaction
- (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use option <literal>-1</> or <literal>--single-transaction</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support for automatically retrieving <command>SELECT</>
- results in batches using a cursor (Chris Mair)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is enabled using <command>\set FETCH_COUNT
- <replaceable>n</></command>. This
- feature allows large result sets to be retrieved in
- <application>psql</> without attempting to buffer the entire
- result set in memory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make multi-line values align in the proper column
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Field values containing newlines are now displayed in a more
- readable fashion.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Save multi-line statements as a single entry, rather than
- one line at a time (Sergey E. Koposov)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This makes up-arrow recall of queries easier. (This is
- not available on Windows, because that platform uses the native
- command-line editing present in the operating system.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make the line counter 64-bit so it can handle files with more
- than two billion lines (David Fetter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Report both the returned data and the command status tag
- for <command>INSERT</>/<command>UPDATE</>/<command>DELETE
- RETURNING</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="APP-PGDUMP"><application>pg_dump</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow complex selection of objects to be included or excluded
- by <application>pg_dump</> (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <application>pg_dump</> now supports multiple <literal>-n</>
- (schema) and <literal>-t</> (table) options, and adds
- <literal>-N</> and <literal>-T</> options to exclude objects.
- Also, the arguments of these switches can now be wild-card expressions
- rather than single object names, for example
- <literal>-t 'foo*'</>, and a schema can be part of
- a <literal>-t</> or <literal>-T</> switch, for example
- <literal>-t schema1.table1</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="APP-PGRESTORE"><application>pg_restore</></link>
- <literal>--no-data-for-failed-tables</> option to suppress
- loading data if table creation failed (i.e., the table already
- exists) (Martin Pitt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="APP-PGRESTORE"><application>pg_restore</></link>
- option to run the entire session in a single transaction
- (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use option <literal>-1</> or <literal>--single-transaction</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="libpq"><application>libpq</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="libpq-misc"><function>PQencryptPassword()</></link>
- to encrypt passwords (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows passwords to be sent pre-encrypted for commands
- like <link linkend="SQL-ALTERROLE"><command>ALTER ROLE ...
- PASSWORD</></link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add function <link
- linkend="libpq-threading"><function>PQisthreadsafe()</></link>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This allows applications to query the thread-safety status
- of the library.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="libpq-exec-main"><function>PQdescribePrepared()</></link>,
- <link
- linkend="libpq-exec-main"><function>PQdescribePortal()</></link>,
- and related functions to return information about previously
- prepared statements and open cursors (Volkan YAZICI)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="libpq-ldap"><acronym>LDAP</></link> lookups
- from <link
- linkend="libpq-pgservice"><filename>pg_service.conf</></link>
- (Laurenz Albe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow a hostname in <link
- linkend="libpq-pgpass"><filename>~/.pgpass</></link>
- to match the default socket directory (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A blank hostname continues to match any Unix-socket connection,
- but this addition allows entries that are specific to one of
- several postmasters on the machine.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><link linkend="ecpg"><application>ecpg</></link> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <link linkend="SQL-SHOW"><command>SHOW</></link> to
- put its result into a variable (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="SQL-COPY"><command>COPY TO STDOUT</></link>
- (Joachim Wieland)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add regression tests (Joachim Wieland, Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Major source code cleanups (Joachim Wieland, Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>Windows</> Port</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <acronym>MSVC</> to compile the <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- server (Magnus, Hiroshi Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <acronym>MSVC</> support for utility commands and <link
- linkend="APP-PGDUMP"><application>pg_dump</></link> (Hiroshi
- Saito)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for Windows code pages <literal>1253</>,
- <literal>1254</>, <literal>1255</>, and <literal>1257</>
- (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Drop privileges on startup, so that the server can be started from
- an administrative account (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Stability fixes (Qingqing Zhou, Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add native semaphore implementation (Qingqing Zhou)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The previous code mimicked SysV semaphores.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link linkend="GIN"><acronym>GIN</></link> (Generalized
- Inverted iNdex) index access method (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove R-tree indexing (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Rtree has been re-implemented using <link
- linkend="GiST"><acronym>GiST</></link>. Among other
- differences, this means that rtree indexes now have support
- for crash recovery via write-ahead logging (WAL).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reduce libraries needlessly linked into the backend (Martijn
- van Oosterhout, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a configure flag to allow libedit to be preferred over
- <acronym>GNU</> readline (Bruce)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Use configure <link
- linkend="configure"><literal>--with-libedit-preferred</></link>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow installation into directories containing spaces
- (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve ability to relocate installation directories (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <productname>Solaris x86_64</> using the
- <productname>Solaris</> compiler (Pierre Girard, Theo
- Schlossnagle, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <application>DTrace</> support (Robert Lor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>PG_VERSION_NUM</> for use by third-party
- applications wanting to test the backend version in C using >
- and < comparisons (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>XLOG_BLCKSZ</> as independent from <literal>BLCKSZ</>
- (Mark Wong)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>LWLOCK_STATS</> define to report locking
- activity (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Emit warnings for unknown <application>configure</> options
- (Martijn van Oosterhout)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add server support for <quote>plugin</> libraries
- that can be used for add-on tasks such as debugging and performance
- measurement (Korry Douglas)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This consists of two features: a table of <quote>rendezvous
- variables</> that allows separately-loaded shared libraries to
- communicate, and a new configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-local-preload-libraries"><varname>local_preload_libraries</></link>
- that allows libraries to be loaded into specific sessions without
- explicit cooperation from the client application. This allows
- external add-ons to implement features such as a PL/PgSQL debugger.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename existing configuration parameter
- <varname>preload_libraries</> to <link
- linkend="guc-shared-preload-libraries"><varname>shared_preload_libraries</></link>
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was done for clarity in comparison to
- <varname>local_preload_libraries</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-server-version-num"><varname>server_version_num</></link>
- (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is like <varname>server_version</varname>, but is an
- integer, e.g. <literal>80200</>. This allows applications to
- make version checks more easily.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a configuration parameter <link
- linkend="guc-seq-page-cost"><varname>seq_page_cost</></link>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Re-implement the <link linkend="regress">regression test</link> script as a C program
- (Magnus, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow loadable modules to allocate shared memory and
- lightweight locks (Marc Munro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add automatic initialization and finalization of dynamically
- loaded libraries (Ralf Engelschall, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- New <link linkend="xfunc-c-dynload">functions</link>
- <function>_PG_init()</> and <function>_PG_fini()</> are
- called if the library defines such symbols. Hence we no
- longer need to specify an initialization function in
- <varname>shared_preload_libraries</>; we can assume that
- the library used the <function>_PG_init()</> convention
- instead.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <link
- linkend="xfunc-c-dynload"><literal>PG_MODULE_MAGIC</></link>
- header block to all shared object files (Martijn van
- Oosterhout)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The magic block prevents version mismatches between loadable object
- files and servers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add shared library support for AIX (Laurenz Albe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <link linkend="datatype-xml"><acronym>XML</></link>
- documentation section (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Major tsearch2 improvements (Oleg, Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- multibyte encoding support, including <acronym>UTF8</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- query rewriting support
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- improved ranking functions
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- thesaurus dictionary support
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ispell dictionaries now recognize <application>MySpell</>
- format, used by <application>OpenOffice</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <acronym>GIN</> support
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add adminpack module containing <application>Pgadmin</> administration
- functions (Dave)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These functions provide additional file system access
- routines not present in the default <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- server.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add sslinfo module (Victor Wagner)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Reports information about the current connection's <acronym>SSL</>
- certificate.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add pgrowlocks module (Tatsuo)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This shows row locking information for a specified table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add hstore module (Oleg, Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add isn module, replacing isbn_issn (Jeremy Kronuz)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This new implementation supports <acronym>EAN13</>, <acronym>UPC</>,
- <acronym>ISBN</> (books), <acronym>ISMN</> (music), and
- <acronym>ISSN</> (serials).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add index information functions to pgstattuple (ITAGAKI Takahiro,
- Satoshi Nagayasu)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add pg_freespacemap module to display free space map information
- (Mark Kirkwood)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- pgcrypto now has all planned functionality (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Include iMath library in pgcrypto to have the public-key encryption
- functions always available.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add SHA224 algorithm that was missing in OpenBSD code.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Activate builtin code for SHA224/256/384/512 hashes on older
- OpenSSL to have those algorithms always available.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New function gen_random_bytes() that returns cryptographically strong
- randomness. Useful for generating encryption keys.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove digest_exists(), hmac_exists() and cipher_exists() functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improvements to cube module (Joshua Reich)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- New functions are <function>cube(float[])</>,
- <function>cube(float[], float[])</>, and
- <function>cube_subset(cube, int4[])</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add async query capability to dblink (Kai Londenberg,
- Joe Conway)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New operators for array-subset comparisons (<literal>@></>,
- <literal><@</>, <literal>&&</>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Various contrib packages already had these operators for their
- datatypes, but the naming wasn't consistent. We have now added
- consistently named array-subset comparison operators to the core code
- and all the contrib packages that have such functionality.
- (The old names remain available, but are deprecated.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add uninstall scripts for all contrib packages that have install
- scripts (David, Josh Drake)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect3>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-17">
- <title>Release 8.1.17</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.16.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.17</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.15,
- see the release notes for 8.1.15.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix decompilation of <literal>CASE WHEN</> with an implicit coercion
- (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This mistake could lead to Assert failures in an Assert-enabled build,
- or an <quote>unexpected CASE WHEN clause</> error message in other
- cases, when trying to examine or dump a view.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible misassignment of the owner of a TOAST table's rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If <command>CLUSTER</> or a rewriting variant of <command>ALTER TABLE</>
- were executed by someone other than the table owner, the
- <structname>pg_type</> entry for the table's TOAST table would end up
- marked as owned by that someone. This caused no immediate problems,
- since the permissions on the TOAST rowtype aren't examined by any
- ordinary database operation. However, it could lead to unexpected
- failures if one later tried to drop the role that issued the command
- (in 8.1 or 8.2), or <quote>owner of data type appears to be invalid</>
- warnings from <application>pg_dump</> after having done so (in 8.3).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up PL/pgSQL error status variables fully at block exit
- (Ashesh Vashi and Dave Page)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is not a problem for PL/pgSQL itself, but the omission could cause
- the PL/pgSQL Debugger to crash while examining the state of a function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-16">
- <title>Release 8.1.16</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.15.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.16</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.15,
- see the release notes for 8.1.15.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash in autovacuum (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The crash occurs only after vacuuming a whole database for
- anti-transaction-wraparound purposes, which means that it occurs
- infrequently and is hard to track down.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure that the contents of a holdable cursor don't depend on the
- contents of TOAST tables (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, large field values in a cursor result might be represented
- as TOAST pointers, which would fail if the referenced table got dropped
- before the cursor is read, or if the large value is deleted and then
- vacuumed away. This cannot happen with an ordinary cursor,
- but it could with a cursor that is held past its creating transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix uninitialized variables in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>'s
- <function>get_covers()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>configure</> script to properly report failure when
- unable to obtain linkage information for PL/Perl (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2009a (for
- Kathmandu and historical DST corrections in Switzerland, Cuba)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-15">
- <title>Release 8.1.15</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.14.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.15</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2. Also, if you were running a previous
- 8.1.X release, it is recommended to <command>REINDEX</> all GiST
- indexes after the upgrade.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix GiST index corruption due to marking the wrong index entry
- <quote>dead</> after a deletion (Teodor)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This would result in index searches failing to find rows they
- should have found. Corrupted indexes can be fixed with
- <command>REINDEX</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash when deeply nested functions are invoked from
- a trigger (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix mis-expansion of rule queries when a sub-<literal>SELECT</> appears
- in a function call in <literal>FROM</>, a multi-row <literal>VALUES</>
- list, or a <literal>RETURNING</> list (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The usual symptom of this problem is an <quote>unrecognized node type</>
- error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure an error is reported when a newly-defined PL/pgSQL trigger
- function is invoked as a normal function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible collision of <structfield>relfilenode</> numbers
- when moving a table to another tablespace with <command>ALTER SET
- TABLESPACE</> (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The command tried to re-use the existing filename, instead of
- picking one that is known unused in the destination directory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect tsearch2 headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE ROLE</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix recent breakage of <literal>pg_ctl restart</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008i (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Syria)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-14">
- <title>Release 8.1.14</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.13.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.14</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen local lock counters from 32 to 64 bits (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This responds to reports that the counters could overflow in
- sufficiently long transactions, leading to unexpected <quote>lock is
- already held</> errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible duplicate output of tuples during a GiST index scan (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add checks in executor startup to ensure that the tuples produced by an
- <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> will match the target table's
- current rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</>, followed by re-use of a previously
- cached plan, could produce this type of situation. The check protects
- against data corruption and/or crashes that could ensue.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> to first try to interpret its timezone
- argument as a timezone abbreviation, and only try it as a full timezone
- name if that fails, rather than the other way around as formerly (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The timestamp input functions have always resolved ambiguous zone names
- in this order. Making <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> do so as well improves
- consistency, and fixes a compatibility bug introduced in 8.1:
- in ambiguous cases we now behave the same as 8.0 and before did,
- since in the older versions <literal>AT TIME ZONE</> accepted
- <emphasis>only</> abbreviations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner bug with nested sub-select expressions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If the outer sub-select has no direct dependency on the parent query,
- but the inner one does, the outer value might not get recalculated
- for new parent query rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/PgSQL to not fail when a <literal>FOR</> loop's target variable
- is a record containing composite-type fields (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl to behave correctly with Tcl 8.5, and to be more careful
- about the encoding of data sent to or from Tcl (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to work with Python 2.5
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is a back-port of fixes made during the 8.2 development cycle.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly preserve postmaster
- command-line arguments across a <literal>restart</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008f (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Mauritius, Morocco,
- Pakistan, Palestine, and Paraguay)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-13">
- <title>Release 8.1.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious and one minor bug fix over 8.1.12.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>ALTER AGGREGATE ... OWNER TO</> update
- <structname>pg_shdepend</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This oversight could lead to problems if the aggregate was later
- involved in a <command>DROP OWNED</> or <command>REASSIGN OWNED</>
- operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-12">
- <title>Release 8.1.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.11.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ... PRIMARY KEY</> so that the new
- column is correctly checked to see if it's been initialized to all
- non-nulls (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous versions neglected to check this requirement at all.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible <command>CREATE TABLE</> failure when inheriting the
- <quote>same</> constraint from multiple parent relations that
- inherited that constraint from a common ancestor (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a few datatype input functions
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008c (for
- DST law changes in Morocco, Iraq, Choibalsan, Pakistan, Syria, Cuba,
- Argentina/San_Luis, and Chile)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump in <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s
- <function>xpath_table()</> function when the input query returns a
- NULL value (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s makefile to not override
- <literal>CFLAGS</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DatumGetBool</> macro to not fail with <application>gcc</>
- 4.3 (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This problem affects <quote>old style</> (V0) C functions that
- return boolean. The fix is already in 8.3, but the need to
- back-patch it was not realized at the time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>LISTEN</> and <command>UNLISTEN</> within a
- prepared transaction (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This was formerly allowed but trying to do it had various unpleasant
- consequences, notably that the originating backend could not exit
- as long as an <command>UNLISTEN</> remained uncommitted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare crash when an error occurs during a query using a hash index
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix input of datetime values for February 29 in years BC (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former coding was mistaken about which years were leap years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unrecognized node type</> error in some variants of
- <command>ALTER OWNER</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to correctly extract the postmaster's port
- number from command-line options (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, <literal>pg_ctl start -w</> could try to contact the
- postmaster on the wrong port, leading to bogus reports of startup
- failure.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>-fwrapv</> to defend against possible misoptimization
- in recent <application>gcc</> versions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be necessary when building <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- with <application>gcc</> 4.3 or later.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix display of constant expressions in <literal>ORDER BY</>
- and <literal>GROUP BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- An explictly casted constant would be shown incorrectly. This could
- for example lead to corruption of a view definition during
- dump and reload.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> to handle NOTICE messages correctly
- during COPY OUT (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This failure has only been observed to occur when a user-defined
- datatype's output routine issues a NOTICE, but there is no
- guarantee it couldn't happen due to other causes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-11">
- <title>Release 8.1.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.10,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is the last 8.1.X release for which the <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- community will produce binary packages for <productname>Windows</>.
- Windows users are encouraged to move to 8.2.X or later,
- since there are Windows-specific fixes in 8.2.X that
- are impractical to back-port. 8.1.X will continue to
- be supported on other platforms.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair assorted bugs in the regular-expression package (Tom, Will Drewry)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Suitably crafted regular-expression patterns could cause crashes,
- infinite or near-infinite looping, and/or massive memory consumption,
- all of which pose denial-of-service hazards for applications that
- accept regex search patterns from untrustworthy sources.
- (CVE-2007-4769, CVE-2007-4772, CVE-2007-6067)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 8.1.10 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2007k
- (in particular, recent Argentina changes) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve planner's handling of LIKE/regex estimation in non-C locales
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure in some cases of <literal>WHERE false AND var IN
- (SELECT ...)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Preserve the tablespace of indexes that are
- rebuilt by <command>ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make archive recovery always start a new WAL timeline, rather than only
- when a recovery stop time was used (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a corner-case risk of trying to overwrite an existing
- archived copy of the last WAL segment, and seems simpler and cleaner
- than the original definition.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>VACUUM</> not use all of <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>
- when the table is too small for it to be useful (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix overflow in <literal>extract(epoch from interval)</> for intervals
- exceeding 68 years (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to not fail when a UTF-8 regular expression is used
- in a trusted function (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to cope when platform's Perl defines type <literal>bool</>
- as <literal>int</> rather than <literal>char</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- While this could theoretically happen anywhere, no standard build of
- Perl did things this way ... until <productname>Mac OS X</> 10.5.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to not crash on long exception messages (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_dump</> to correctly handle inheritance child tables
- that have default expressions different from their parent's (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> crash when <varname>PGPASSFILE</> refers
- to a file that is not a plain file (Martin Pitt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>ecpg</> parser fixes (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> defend against
- <application>OpenSSL</> libraries that fail on keys longer than 128
- bits; which is the case at least on some Solaris versions (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>tsvector</> and <type>tsquery</> output routines to
- escape backslashes correctly (Teodor, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <function>to_tsvector()</> on huge input strings (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-10">
- <title>Release 8.1.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.9.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the <type>interval</> data type to accept input consisting only of
- milliseconds or microseconds (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up rtree index insertion (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix excessive logging of <acronym>SSL</> error messages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logging so that log messages are never interleaved when using
- the syslogger process (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect handling of some foreign-key corner cases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>REINDEX</> and <command>CLUSTER</> from failing
- due to attempting to process temporary tables of other sessions (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update the time zone database rules, particularly New Zealand's upcoming changes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Windows socket improvements (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Suppress timezone name (<literal>%Z</>) in log timestamps on Windows
- because of possible encoding mismatches (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-9">
- <title>Release 8.1.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.8,
- including a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> crash fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require <command>COMMIT PREPARED</> to be executed in the same
- database as the transaction was prepared in (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Planner fixes, including improving outer join and bitmap scan
- selection logic (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PANIC during enlargement of a hash index (bug introduced in 8.1.6)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix POSIX-style timezone specs to follow new USA DST rules (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-8">
- <title>Release 8.1.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one fix from 8.1.7.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove overly-restrictive check for type length in constraints and
- functional indexes(Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-7">
- <title>Release 8.1.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.6, including
- a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerabilities that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The vulnerabilities involve suppressing the normal check that a SQL
- function returns the data type it's declared to, and changing the
- data type of a table column (CVE-2007-0555, CVE-2007-0556). These
- errors can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>VACUUM</> performance for databases with many tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix autovacuum to avoid leaving non-permanent transaction IDs in
- non-connectable databases (Alvaro)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This bug affects the 8.1 branch only.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for rare Assert() crash triggered by <literal>UNION</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bogus <quote>permission denied</> failures occurring on Windows
- due to attempts to fsync already-deleted files (Magnus, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crashes when an already-in-use PL/pgSQL function is
- updated (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-6">
- <title>Release 8.1.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.5.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of <function>getaddrinfo()</> on AIX (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a problem with starting the statistics collector,
- among other things.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_restore</> to handle a tar-format backup
- that contains large objects (blobs) with comments (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>failed to re-find parent key</> errors in
- <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean out <filename>pg_internal.init</> cache files during server
- restart (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a hazard that the cache files might contain stale
- data after PITR recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix race condition for truncation of a large relation across a
- gigabyte boundary by <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug causing needless deadlock errors on row-level locks (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs affecting multi-gigabyte hash indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible deadlock in Windows signal handling (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix error when constructing an <literal>ARRAY[]</> made up of multiple
- empty elements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix ecpg memory leak during connection (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for Darwin (OS X) compilation (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>to_number()</> and <function>to_char(numeric)</>
- are now <literal>STABLE</>, not <literal>IMMUTABLE</>, for
- new <application>initdb</> installs (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is because <varname>lc_numeric</> can potentially
- change the output of these functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update timezone database
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects Australian and Canadian daylight-savings rules in
- particular.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-5">
- <title>Release 8.1.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-10-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.4.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Disallow aggregate functions in <command>UPDATE</>
-commands, except within sub-SELECTs (Tom)</para>
-<para>The behavior of such an aggregate was unpredictable, and in 8.1.X
-could cause a crash, so it has been disabled. The SQL standard does not allow
-this either.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump when an untyped literal is taken as
-ANYARRAY</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump in duration logging for extended query protocol
-when a <command>COMMIT</> or <command>ROLLBACK</> is
-executed</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mishandling of AFTER triggers when query contains a SQL
-function returning multiple rows (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ... TYPE</> to recheck
-<literal>NOT NULL</> for <literal>USING</> clause (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>string_to_array()</> to handle overlapping
- matches for the separator string</para>
-<para>For example, <literal>string_to_array('123xx456xxx789', 'xx')</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>to_timestamp()</> for
-<literal>AM</>/<literal>PM</> formats (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix autovacuum's calculation that decides whether
- <command>ANALYZE</> is needed (Alvaro)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner cases in pattern matching for
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>\d</> commands</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix index-corrupting bugs in /contrib/ltree
- (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Numerous robustness fixes in <application>ecpg</> (Joachim
-Wieland)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix backslash escaping in /contrib/dbmirror</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Minor fixes in /contrib/dblink and /contrib/tsearch2</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Efficiency improvements in hash tables and bitmap index scans
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix instability of statistics collection on Windows (Tom, Andrew)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <varname>statement_timeout</> to use the proper
-units on Win32 (Bruce)</para>
-<para>In previous Win32 8.1.X versions, the delay was off by a factor of
-100.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for <acronym>MSVC</> and <productname>Borland C++</>
-compilers (Hiroshi Saito)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for <systemitem class="osname">AIX</> and
-<productname>Intel</> compilers (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix rare bug in continuous archiving (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-4">
- <title>Release 8.1.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-05-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.3,
- including patches for extremely serious security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Full security against the SQL-injection attacks described in
- CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314 might require changes in application
- code. If you have applications that embed untrustworthy strings
- into SQL commands, you should examine them as soon as possible to
- ensure that they are using recommended escaping techniques. In
- most cases, applications should be using subroutines provided by
- libraries or drivers (such as <application>libpq</>'s
- <function>PQescapeStringConn()</>) to perform string escaping,
- rather than relying on <foreignphrase>ad hoc</> code to do it.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change the server to reject invalidly-encoded multibyte
-characters in all cases (Tatsuo, Tom)</para>
-<para>While <productname>PostgreSQL</> has been moving in this direction for
-some time, the checks are now applied uniformly to all encodings and all
-textual input, and are now always errors not merely warnings. This change
-defends against SQL-injection attacks of the type described in CVE-2006-2313.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Reject unsafe uses of <literal>\'</> in string literals</para>
-<para>As a server-side defense against SQL-injection attacks of the type
-described in CVE-2006-2314, the server now only accepts <literal>''</> and not
-<literal>\'</> as a representation of ASCII single quote in SQL string
-literals. By default, <literal>\'</> is rejected only when
-<varname>client_encoding</> is set to a client-only encoding (SJIS, BIG5, GBK,
-GB18030, or UHC), which is the scenario in which SQL injection is possible.
-A new configuration parameter <varname>backslash_quote</> is available to
-adjust this behavior when needed. Note that full security against
-CVE-2006-2314 might require client-side changes; the purpose of
-<varname>backslash_quote</> is in part to make it obvious that insecure
-clients are insecure.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Modify <application>libpq</>'s string-escaping routines to be
-aware of encoding considerations and
-<varname>standard_conforming_strings</></para>
-<para>This fixes <application>libpq</>-using applications for the security
-issues described in CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314, and also future-proofs
-them against the planned changeover to SQL-standard string literal syntax.
-Applications that use multiple <productname>PostgreSQL</> connections
-concurrently should migrate to <function>PQescapeStringConn()</> and
-<function>PQescapeByteaConn()</> to ensure that escaping is done correctly
-for the settings in use in each database connection. Applications that
-do string escaping <quote>by hand</> should be modified to rely on library
-routines instead.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix weak key selection in pgcrypto (Marko Kreen)</para>
-<para>Errors in fortuna PRNG reseeding logic could cause a predictable
-session key to be selected by <function>pgp_sym_encrypt()</> in some cases.
-This only affects non-OpenSSL-using builds.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix some incorrect encoding conversion functions</para>
-<para><function>win1251_to_iso</>, <function>win866_to_iso</>,
-<function>euc_tw_to_big5</>, <function>euc_tw_to_mic</>,
-<function>mic_to_euc_tw</> were all broken to varying
-extents.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Clean up stray remaining uses of <literal>\'</> in strings
-(Bruce, Jan)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Make autovacuum visible in <structname>pg_stat_activity</>
-(Alvaro)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Disable <literal>full_page_writes</> (Tom)</para>
-<para>In certain cases, having <literal>full_page_writes</> off would cause
-crash recovery to fail. A proper fix will appear in 8.2; for now it's just
-disabled.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various planner fixes, particularly for bitmap index scans and
-MIN/MAX optimization (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect optimization in merge join (Tom)</para>
-<para>Outer joins could sometimes emit multiple copies of unmatched rows.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix crash from using and modifying a plpgsql function in the
-same transaction</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix WAL replay for case where a B-Tree index has been
-truncated</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <literal>SIMILAR TO</> for patterns involving
-<literal>|</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>SELECT INTO</> and <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> to
-create tables in the default tablespace, not the base directory (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix server to use custom DH SSL parameters correctly (Michael
-Fuhr)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve qsort performance (Dann Corbit)</para>
-<para>Currently this code is only used on Solaris.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for OS/X Bonjour on x86 systems (Ashley Clark)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix various minor memory leaks</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with password prompting on some Win32 systems
-(Robert Kinberg)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve <application>pg_dump</>'s handling of default values
-for domains</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dumpall</> to handle identically-named
-users and groups reasonably (only possible when dumping from a pre-8.1 server)
-(Tom)</para>
-<para>The user and group will be merged into a single role with
-<literal>LOGIN</> permission. Formerly the merged role wouldn't have
-<literal>LOGIN</> permission, making it unusable as a user.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_restore</> <literal>-n</> to work as
-documented (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-3">
- <title>Release 8.1.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-02-14</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.2,
- including one very serious security issue.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.1.2,
- see the release notes for 8.1.2.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug that allowed any logged-in user to <command>SET
-ROLE</> to any other database user id (CVE-2006-0553)</para>
-<para>Due to inadequate validity checking, a user could exploit the special
-case that <command>SET ROLE</> normally uses to restore the previous role
-setting after an error. This allowed ordinary users to acquire superuser
-status, for example.
-The escalation-of-privilege risk exists only in 8.1.0-8.1.2.
-However, in all releases back to 7.3 there is a related bug in <command>SET
-SESSION AUTHORIZATION</> that allows unprivileged users to crash the server,
-if it has been compiled with Asserts enabled (which is not the default).
-Thanks to Akio Ishida for reporting this problem.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug with row visibility logic in self-inserted
-rows (Tom)</para>
-<para>Under rare circumstances a row inserted by the current command
-could be seen as already valid, when it should not be. Repairs bug
-created in 8.0.4, 7.4.9, and 7.3.11 releases.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition that could lead to <quote>file already
-exists</> errors during pg_clog and pg_subtrans file creation
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix cases that could lead to crashes if a cache-invalidation
-message arrives at just the wrong time (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly check <literal>DOMAIN</> constraints for
-<literal>UNKNOWN</> parameters in prepared statements
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Ensure <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> will process
-<literal>FOREIGN KEY</>, <literal>UNIQUE</>, and <literal>PRIMARY KEY</>
-constraints in the proper order (Nakano Yoshihisa)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fixes to allow restoring dumps that have cross-schema
-references to custom operators or operator classes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow <application>pg_restore</> to continue properly after a
-<command>COPY</> failure; formerly it tried to treat the remaining
-<command>COPY</> data as SQL commands (Stephen Frost)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_ctl</> <literal>unregister</> crash
-when the data directory is not specified (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>libpq</> <function>PQprint</> HTML tags
-(Christoph Zwerschke)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>ecpg</> crash on AMD64 and PPC
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow <literal>SETOF</> and <literal>%TYPE</> to be used
-together in function result type declarations</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Recover properly if error occurs during argument passing
-in <application>PL/python</> (Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix memory leak in <function>plperl_return_next</>
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>PL/perl</>'s handling of locales on
-Win32 to match the backend (Andrew)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various optimizer fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix crash when <literal>log_min_messages</> is set to
-<literal>DEBUG3</> or above in <filename>postgresql.conf</> on Win32
-(Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pgxs</> <literal>-L</> library path
-specification for Win32, Cygwin, OS X, AIX (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Check that SID is enabled while checking for Win32 admin
-privileges (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly reject out-of-range date inputs (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Portability fix for testing presence of <function>finite</>
-and <function>isinf</> during configure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve speed of <command>COPY IN</> via libpq, by
-avoiding a kernel call per data line (Alon Goldshuv)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Improve speed of <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> index
-creation (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-2">
- <title>Release 8.1.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-01-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.1.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- However, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the locale or
- <application>plperl</> issues described below.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix Windows code so that postmaster will continue rather
-than exit if there is no more room in ShmemBackendArray (Magnus)</para>
-<para>The previous behavior could lead to a denial-of-service situation if too
-many connection requests arrive close together. This applies
-<emphasis>only</> to the Windows port.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug introduced in 8.0 that could allow ReadBuffer
-to return an already-used page as new, potentially causing loss of
-recently-committed data (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for protocol-level Describe messages issued
-outside a transaction or in a failed transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix character string comparison for locales that consider
-different character combinations as equal, such as Hungarian (Tom)</para>
-<para>This might require <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Set locale environment variables during postmaster startup
-to ensure that <application>plperl</> won't change the locale later</para>
-<para>This fixes a problem that occurred if the <application>postmaster</> was
-started with environment variables specifying a different locale than what
-<application>initdb</> had been told. Under these conditions, any use of
-<application>plperl</> was likely to lead to corrupt indexes. You might need
-<command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns if this has happened to you.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow more flexible relocation of installation
-directories (Tom)</para>
-<para>Previous releases supported relocation only if all installation
-directory paths were the same except for the last component.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent crashes caused by the use of
-<literal>ISO-8859-5</> and <literal>ISO-8859-9</> encodings
-(Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding bug in strpos() and regular expression
-handling in certain rarely used Asian multi-byte character sets (Tatsuo)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug where COPY CSV mode considered any
-<literal>\.</> to terminate the copy data</para> <para>The new code
-requires <literal>\.</> to appear alone on a line, as per
-documentation.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Make COPY CSV mode quote a literal data value of
-<literal>\.</> to ensure it cannot be interpreted as the
-end-of-data marker (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various fixes for functions returning <literal>RECORD</>s
-(Tom) </para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix processing of <filename>postgresql.conf</> so a
-final line with no newline is processed properly (Tom)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in <filename>/contrib/pgcrypto</> gen_salt,
-which caused it not to use all available salt space for MD5 and
-XDES algorithms (Marko Kreen, Solar Designer)</para>
-<para>Salts for Blowfish and standard DES are unaffected.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix autovacuum crash when processing expression indexes
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to throw an error,
-rather than crashing, when the number of columns specified is different from
-what's actually returned by the query (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1-1">
- <title>Release 8.1.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-12-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.1.0.
- For information about new features in the 8.1 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-1">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.1.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect optimizations of outer-join conditions
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with wrong reported column names in cases
-involving sub-selects flattened by the optimizer (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix update failures in scenarios involving CHECK constraints,
-toasted columns, <emphasis>and</> indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bgwriter problems after recovering from errors
-(Tom)</para>
-<para>
-The background writer was found to leak buffer pins after write errors.
-While not fatal in itself, this might lead to mysterious blockages of
-later VACUUM commands.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent failure if client sends Bind protocol message
-when current transaction is already aborted</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para><filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> and <filename>/contrib/ltree</>
-fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with translated error messages in
-languages that require word reordering, such as Turkish; also problems with
-unexpected truncation of output strings and wrong display of the smallest
-possible bigint value (Andrew, Tom)</para>
-<para>
-These problems only appeared on platforms that were using our
-<filename>port/snprintf.c</> code, which includes BSD variants if
-<literal>--enable-nls</> was given, and perhaps others. In addition,
-a different form of the translated-error-message problem could appear
-on Windows depending on which version of <filename>libintl</> was used.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Re-allow <literal>AM</>/<literal>PM</>, <literal>HH</>,
-<literal>HH12</>, and <literal>D</> format specifiers for
-<function>to_char(time)</> and <function>to_char(interval)</>.
-(<function>to_char(interval)</> should probably use
-<literal>HH24</>.) (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>AIX, HPUX, and MSVC compile fixes (Tom, Hiroshi
-Saito)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Retry file reads and writes after Windows
-NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES error (Qingqing Zhou)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent <application>autovacuum</> from crashing during
-ANALYZE of expression index (Alvaro)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS temp
-tables</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems when a trigger alters the output of a SELECT
-DISTINCT query</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Add 8.1.0 release note item on how to migrate invalid
-<literal>UTF-8</> byte sequences (Paul Lindner)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-1">
- <title>Release 8.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-11-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Improve concurrent access to the shared buffer cache (Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Access to the shared buffer cache was identified as a
- significant scalability problem, particularly on multi-CPU
- systems. In this release, the way that locking is done in the
- buffer manager has been overhauled to reduce lock contention
- and improve scalability. The buffer manager has also been
- changed to use a <quote>clock sweep</quote> replacement
- policy.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Allow index scans to use an intermediate in-memory bitmap (Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, only a single index could be used to do
- lookups on a table. With this feature, if a query has
- <command>WHERE tab.col1 = 4 and tab.col2 = 9</>, and there is
- no multicolumn index on <literal>col1</> and <literal>col2</>,
- but there is an index on <literal>col1</> and another on
- <literal>col2</>, it is possible to search both indexes and
- combine the results in memory, then do heap fetches for only
- the rows matching both the <literal>col1</> and
- <literal>col2</> restrictions. This is very useful in
- environments that have a lot of unstructured queries where it
- is impossible to create indexes that match all possible access
- conditions. Bitmap scans are useful even with a single index,
- as they reduce the amount of random access needed; a bitmap
- index scan is efficient for retrieving fairly large fractions
- of the complete table, whereas plain index scans are not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Add two-phase commit (Heikki Linnakangas, Alvaro, Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Two-phase commit allows transactions to be "prepared" on several
- computers, and once all computers have successfully prepared
- their transactions (none failed), all transactions can be
- committed. Even if a machine crashes after a prepare, the
- prepared transaction can be committed after the machine is
- restarted. New syntax includes <command>PREPARE TRANSACTION</> and
- <command>COMMIT/ROLLBACK PREPARED</>. A new system view
- <literal>pg_prepared_xacts</> has also been added.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Create a new role system that replaces users and groups
- (Stephen Frost)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Roles are a combination of users and groups. Like users, they
- can have login capability, and like groups, a role can have
- other roles as members. Roles basically remove the distinction
- between users and groups. For example, a role can:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have login capability (optionally)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Own objects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Hold access permissions for database objects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Inherit permissions from other roles it is a member of
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Once a user logs into a role, she obtains capabilities of
- the login role plus any inherited roles, and can use
- <command>SET ROLE</> to switch to other roles she is a member of.
- This feature is a generalization of the SQL standard's concept of
- roles.
- This change also replaces <structname>pg_shadow</> and
- <structname>pg_group</> by new role-capable catalogs
- <structname>pg_authid</> and <structname>pg_auth_members</>. The old
- tables are redefined as read-only views on the new role tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Automatically use indexes for <function>MIN()</> and
- <function>MAX()</> (Tom)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, the only way to use an index for
- <function>MIN()</> or <function>MAX()</> was to rewrite the
- query as <command>SELECT col FROM tab ORDER BY col LIMIT 1</>.
- Index usage now happens automatically.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Move <filename>/contrib/pg_autovacuum</> into the main server
- (Alvaro)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Integrating autovacuum into the server allows it to be
- automatically started and stopped in sync with the database
- server, and allows autovacuum to be configured from
- <filename>postgresql.conf</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Add shared row level locks using <command>SELECT ... FOR SHARE</>
- (Alvaro)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- While <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>'s MVCC locking
- allows <command>SELECT</> to never be blocked by writers and
- therefore does not need shared row locks for typical operations,
- shared locks are useful for applications that require shared row
- locking. In particular this reduces the locking requirements
- imposed by referential integrity checks.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Add dependencies on shared objects, specifically roles
- (Alvaro)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- This extension of the dependency mechanism prevents roles from
- being dropped while there are still database objects they own.
- Formerly it was possible to accidentally <quote>orphan</> objects by
- deleting their owner. While this could be recovered from, it
- was messy and unpleasant.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Improve performance for partitioned tables (Simon)
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The new <varname>constraint_exclusion</varname> configuration
- parameter avoids lookups on child tables where constraints indicate
- that no matching rows exist in the child table.
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows for a basic type of table partitioning. If child tables
- store separate key ranges and this is enforced using appropriate
- <command>CHECK</> constraints, the optimizer will skip child
- table accesses when the constraint guarantees no matching rows
- exist in the child table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is required
- for those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The 8.0 release announced that the <function>to_char()</> function
- for intervals would be removed in 8.1. However, since no better API
- has been suggested, <function>to_char(interval)</> has been enhanced in
- 8.1 and will remain in the server.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>add_missing_from</> is now false by default (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- By default, we now generate an error if a table is used in a query
- without a <literal>FROM</> reference. The old behavior is still
- available, but the parameter must be set to 'true' to obtain it.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It might be necessary to set <varname>add_missing_from</> to true
- in order to load an existing dump file, if the dump contains any
- views or rules created using the implicit-<literal>FROM</> syntax.
- This should be a one-time annoyance, because
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.1 will convert
- such views and rules to standard explicit-<literal>FROM</> syntax.
- Subsequent dumps will therefore not have the problem.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Cause input of a zero-length string (<literal>''</literal>) for
- <type>float4</type>/<type>float8</type>/<type>oid</type>
- to throw an error, rather than treating it as a zero (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- This change is consistent with the current handling of
- zero-length strings for integers. The schedule for this change
- was announced in 8.0.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>default_with_oids</> is now false by default (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- With this option set to false, user-created tables no longer
- have an OID column unless <command>WITH OIDS</> is specified in
- <command>CREATE TABLE</>. Though OIDs have existed in all
- releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</>, their use is limited
- because they are only four bytes long and the counter is shared
- across all installed databases. The preferred way of uniquely
- identifying rows is via sequences and the <type>SERIAL</> type,
- which have been supported since <productname>PostgreSQL</> 6.4.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>E''</> syntax so eventually ordinary strings can
- treat backslashes literally (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Currently <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> processes a
- backslash in a string literal as introducing a special escape sequence,
- e.g. <literal>\n</> or <literal>\010</>.
- While this allows easy entry of special values, it is
- nonstandard and makes porting of applications from other
- databases more difficult. For this reason, the
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> project is planning to
- remove the special meaning of backslashes in strings. For
- backward compatibility and for users who want special backslash
- processing, a new string syntax has been created. This new string
- syntax is formed by writing an <literal>E</> immediately preceding the
- single quote that starts the string, e.g. <literal>E'hi\n'</>. While
- this release does not change the handling of backslashes in strings, it
- does add new configuration parameters to help users migrate applications
- for future releases:
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>standard_conforming_strings</> — does this release
- treat backslashes literally in ordinary strings?
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>escape_string_warning</> — warn about backslashes in
- ordinary (non-E) strings
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- The <varname>standard_conforming_strings</> value is read-only.
- Applications can retrieve the value to know how backslashes are
- processed. (Presence of the parameter can also be taken as an
- indication that <literal>E''</> string syntax is supported.)
- In a future release, <varname>standard_conforming_strings</>
- will be true, meaning backslashes will be treated literally in
- non-E strings. To prepare for this change, use <literal>E''</>
- strings in places that need special backslash processing, and
- turn on <varname>escape_string_warning</> to find additional
- strings that need to be converted to use <literal>E''</>.
- Also, use two single-quotes (<literal>''</>) to embed a literal
- single-quote in a string, rather than the
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>-supported syntax of
- backslash single-quote (<literal>\'</>). The former is
- standards-conforming and does not require the use of the
- <literal>E''</> string syntax. You can also use the
- <literal>$$</> string syntax, which does not treat backslashes
- specially.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>REINDEX DATABASE</> reindex all indexes in the
- database (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly, <command>REINDEX DATABASE</> reindexed only
- system tables. This new behavior seems more intuitive. A new
- command <command>REINDEX SYSTEM</> provides the old functionality
- of reindexing just the system tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Read-only large object descriptors now obey MVCC snapshot semantics
- </para>
- <para>
- When a large object is opened with <literal>INV_READ</> (and not
- <literal>INV_WRITE</>), the data read from the descriptor will now
- reflect a <quote>snapshot</> of the large object's state at the
- time of the transaction snapshot in use by the query that called
- <function>lo_open()</>. To obtain the old behavior of always
- returning the latest committed data, include <literal>INV_WRITE</>
- in the mode flags for <function>lo_open()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add proper dependencies for arguments of sequence functions (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, sequence names passed to <function>nextval()</>,
- <function>currval()</>, and <function>setval()</> were stored as
- simple text strings, meaning that renaming or dropping a
- sequence used in a <literal>DEFAULT</> clause made the clause
- invalid. This release stores all newly-created sequence function
- arguments as internal OIDs, allowing them to track sequence
- renaming, and adding dependency information that prevents
- improper sequence removal. It also makes such <literal>DEFAULT</>
- clauses immune to schema renaming and search path changes.
- </para>
- <para>
- Some applications might rely on the old behavior of
- run-time lookup for sequence names. This can still be done by
- explicitly casting the argument to <type>text</>, for example
- <literal>nextval('myseq'::text)</>.
- </para>
- <para>
- Pre-8.1 database dumps loaded into 8.1 will use the old text-based
- representation and therefore will not have the features of
- OID-stored arguments. However, it is possible to update a
- database containing text-based <literal>DEFAULT</> clauses.
- First, save this query into a file, such as <filename>fixseq.sql</>:
-<programlisting>
-SELECT 'ALTER TABLE ' ||
- pg_catalog.quote_ident(n.nspname) || '.' ||
- pg_catalog.quote_ident(c.relname) ||
- ' ALTER COLUMN ' || pg_catalog.quote_ident(a.attname) ||
- ' SET DEFAULT ' ||
- regexp_replace(d.adsrc,
- $$val\(\(('[^']*')::text\)::regclass$$,
- $$val(\1$$,
- 'g') ||
- ';'
-FROM pg_namespace n, pg_class c, pg_attribute a, pg_attrdef d
-WHERE n.oid = c.relnamespace AND
- c.oid = a.attrelid AND
- a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND
- a.attnum = d.adnum AND
- d.adsrc ~ $$val\(\('[^']*'::text\)::regclass$$;
-</programlisting>
- Next, run the query against a database to find what
- adjustments are required, like this for database <literal>db1</>:
-<programlisting>
-psql -t -f fixseq.sql db1
-</programlisting>
- This will show the <command>ALTER TABLE</> commands needed to
- convert the database to the newer OID-based representation.
- If the commands look reasonable, run this to update the database:
-<programlisting>
-psql -t -f fixseq.sql db1 | psql -e db1
-</programlisting>
- This process must be repeated in each database to be updated.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <application>psql</application>, treat unquoted
- <literal>\{digit}+</> sequences as octal (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, <literal>\{digit}+</> sequences were
- treated as decimal, and only <literal>\0{digit}+</> were treated
- as octal. This change was made for consistency.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove grammar productions for prefix and postfix <literal>%</>
- and <literal>^</> operators
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- These have never been documented and complicated the use of the
- modulus operator (<literal>%</>) with negative numbers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>&<</> and <literal>&></> for polygons
- consistent with the box "over" operators (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>CREATE LANGUAGE</> can ignore the provided arguments
- in favor of information from <structname>pg_pltemplate</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- A new system catalog <structname>pg_pltemplate</> has been defined
- to carry information about the preferred definitions of procedural
- languages (such as whether they have validator functions). When
- an entry exists in this catalog for the language being created,
- <command>CREATE LANGUAGE</> will ignore all its parameters except the
- language name and instead use the catalog information. This measure
- was taken because of increasing problems with obsolete language
- definitions being loaded by old dump files. As of 8.1,
- <application>pg_dump</> will dump procedural language definitions as
- just <command>CREATE LANGUAGE <replaceable>name</></command>, relying
- on a template entry to exist at load time. We expect this will be a
- more future-proof representation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_cancel_backend(int)</function> return a
- <type>boolean</type> rather than an <type>integer</type> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Some users are having problems loading UTF-8 data into 8.1.X.
- This is because previous versions allowed invalid UTF-8 byte
- sequences to be entered into the database, and this release
- properly accepts only valid UTF-8 sequences. One way to correct a
- dumpfile is to run the command <command>iconv -c -f UTF-8 -t
- UTF-8 -o cleanfile.sql dumpfile.sql</>. The <literal>-c</> option
- removes invalid character sequences. A diff of the two files will
- show the sequences that are invalid. <command>iconv</> reads the
- entire input file into memory so it might be necessary to use
- <application>split</> to break up the dump into multiple smaller
- files for processing.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Additional Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the additional changes
- between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.1 and the
- previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance Improvements</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve GiST and R-tree index performance (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the optimizer, including auto-resizing of hash joins
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overhaul internal API in several areas
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change WAL record CRCs from 64-bit to 32-bit (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- We determined that the extra cost of computing 64-bit CRCs was
- significant, and the gain in reliability too marginal to justify it.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent writing large empty gaps in WAL pages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve spinlock behavior on SMP machines, particularly Opterons (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow nonconsecutive index columns to be used in a multicolumn
- index (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- For example, this allows an index on columns a,b,c to be used in
- a query with <command>WHERE a = 4 and c = 10</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Skip WAL logging for <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> /
- <command>SELECT INTO</> (Simon)
- </para>
- <para>
- Since a crash during <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> would cause the
- table to be dropped during recovery, there is no reason to WAL
- log as the table is loaded. (Logging still happens if WAL
- archiving is enabled, however.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow concurrent GiST index access (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameter <varname>full_page_writes</> to
- control writing full pages to WAL (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- To prevent partial disk writes from corrupting the database,
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> writes a complete copy of
- each database disk page to WAL the first time it is modified
- after a checkpoint. This option turns off that functionality for more
- speed. This is safe to use with battery-backed disk caches where
- partial page writes cannot happen.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <literal>O_DIRECT</> if available when using
- <literal>O_SYNC</> for <varname>wal_sync_method</varname>
- (Itagaki Takahiro)
- </para>
- <para>
- <literal>O_DIRECT</> causes disk writes to bypass the kernel
- cache, and for WAL writes, this improves performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <command>COPY FROM</> performance (Alon Goldshuv)
- </para>
- <para>
- This was accomplished by reading <command>COPY</> input in
- larger chunks, rather than character by character.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve the performance of <function>COUNT()</function>,
- <function>SUM</function>, <function>AVG()</function>,
- <function>STDDEV()</function>, and
- <function>VARIANCE()</function> (Neil, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent problems due to transaction ID (XID) wraparound (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The server will now warn when the transaction counter approaches
- the wraparound point. If the counter becomes too close to wraparound,
- the server will stop accepting queries. This ensures that data is
- not lost before needed vacuuming is performed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix problems with object IDs (OIDs) conflicting with existing system
- objects after the OID counter has wrapped around (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add warning about the need to increase
- <varname>max_fsm_relations</> and <varname>max_fsm_pages</>
- during <command>VACUUM</> (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>temp_buffers</> configuration parameter to allow
- users to determine the size of the local buffer area for
- temporary table access (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add session start time and client IP address to
- <literal>pg_stat_activity</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Adjust <literal>pg_stat</> views for bitmap scans (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The meanings of some of the fields have changed slightly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enhance <literal>pg_locks</> view (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Log queries for client-side <command>PREPARE</> and
- <command>EXECUTE</> (Simon)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow Kerberos name and user name case sensitivity to be
- specified in <filename>postgresql.conf</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameter <varname>krb_server_hostname</> so
- that the server host name can be specified as part of service
- principal (Todd Kover)
- </para>
- <para>
- If not set, any service principal matching an entry in the
- keytab can be used. This is new Kerberos matching behavior in
- this release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <varname>log_line_prefix</> options for millisecond
- timestamps (<literal>%m</>) and remote host (<literal>%h</>) (Ed
- L.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add WAL logging for GiST indexes (Teodor, Oleg)
- </para>
- <para>
- GiST indexes are now safe for crash and point-in-time recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove old <filename>*.backup</> files when we do
- <function>pg_stop_backup()</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This prevents a large number of <filename>*.backup</> files from
- existing in <filename>pg_xlog/</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add configuration parameters to control TCP/IP keep-alive
- times for idle, interval, and count (Oliver Jowett)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These values can be changed to allow more rapid detection of
- lost client connections.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add per-user and per-database connection limits (Petr Jelinek)
- </para>
- <para>
- Using <command>ALTER USER</> and <command>ALTER DATABASE</>,
- limits can now be enforced on the maximum number of sessions that
- can concurrently connect as a specific user or to a specific database.
- Setting the limit to zero disables user or database connections.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow more than two gigabytes of shared memory and per-backend
- work memory on 64-bit machines (Koichi Suzuki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New system catalog <structname>pg_pltemplate</> allows overriding
- obsolete procedural-language definitions in dump files (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Query Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add temporary views (Koju Iijima, Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>HAVING</> without any aggregate functions or
- <command>GROUP BY</> so that the query returns a single group (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously, such a case would treat the <command>HAVING</>
- clause the same as a <command>WHERE</> clause. This was not per spec.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>USING</> clause to allow additional tables to be
- specified to <command>DELETE</> (Euler Taveira de Oliveira, Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, there was no clear method for specifying
- additional tables to be used for joins in a <command>DELETE</>
- statement. <command>UPDATE</> already has a <literal>FROM</>
- clause for this purpose.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <literal>\x</> hex escapes in backend and ecpg
- strings (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is just like the standard C <literal>\x</> escape syntax.
- Octal escapes were already supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>BETWEEN SYMMETRIC</> query syntax (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- <para>
- This feature allows <command>BETWEEN</> comparisons without
- requiring the first value to be less than the second. For
- example, <command>2 BETWEEN [ASYMMETRIC] 3 AND 1</> returns
- false, while <command>2 BETWEEN SYMMETRIC 3 AND 1</> returns
- true. <command>BETWEEN ASYMMETRIC</> was already supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>NOWAIT</> option to <command>SELECT ... FOR
- UPDATE/SHARE</> (Hans-Juergen Schoenig)
- </para>
- <para>
- While the <varname>statement_timeout</> configuration
- parameter allows a query taking more than a certain amount of
- time to be cancelled, the <command>NOWAIT</> option allows a
- query to be canceled as soon as a <command>SELECT ... FOR
- UPDATE/SHARE</> command cannot immediately acquire a row lock.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Track dependencies of shared objects (Alvaro)
- </para>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> allows global tables
- (users, databases, tablespaces) to reference information in
- multiple databases. This addition adds dependency information
- for global tables, so, for example, user ownership can be
- tracked across databases, so a user who owns something in any
- database can no longer be removed. Dependency tracking already
- existed for database-local objects.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow limited <command>ALTER OWNER</> commands to be performed
- by the object owner (Stephen Frost)
- </para>
- <para>
- Prior releases allowed only superusers to change object owners.
- Now, ownership can be transferred if the user executing the command
- owns the object and would be able to create it as the new owner
- (that is, the user is a member of the new owning role and that role
- has the CREATE permission that would be needed to create the object
- afresh).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>ALTER</> object <command>SET SCHEMA</> capability
- for some object types (tables, functions, types) (Bernd Helmle)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows objects to be moved to different schemas.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>ALTER TABLE ENABLE/DISABLE TRIGGER</command> to
- disable triggers (Satoshi Nagayasu)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>TRUNCATE</> to truncate multiple tables in a
- single command (Alvaro)
- </para>
- <para>
- Because of referential integrity checks, it is not allowed to
- truncate a table that is part of a referential integrity
- constraint. Using this new functionality, <command>TRUNCATE</>
- can be used to truncate such tables, if both tables involved in
- a referential integrity constraint are truncated in a single
- <command>TRUNCATE</> command.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Properly process carriage returns and line feeds in
- <command>COPY CSV</> mode (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- In release 8.0, carriage returns and line feeds in <command>CSV
- COPY TO</> were processed in an inconsistent manner. (This was
- documented on the TODO list.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>COPY WITH CSV HEADER</> to allow a header line as
- the first line in <command>COPY</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows handling of the common <command>CSV</> usage of
- placing the column names on the first line of the data file. For
- <command>COPY TO</>, the first line contains the column names,
- and for <command>COPY FROM</>, the first line is ignored.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, display better sub-second precision in
- <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</> (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add trigger duration display to <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Prior releases included trigger execution time as part of the
- total execution time, but did not show it separately. It is now
- possible to see how much time is spent in each trigger.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <literal>\x</> hex escapes in <command>COPY</>
- (Sergey Ten)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previous releases only supported octal escapes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>SHOW ALL</> include variable descriptions
- (Matthias Schmidt)
- </para>
- <para>
- <command>SHOW</> varname still only displays the variable's
- value and does not include the description.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <application>initdb</application> create a new standard
- database called <literal>postgres</>, and convert utilities to
- use <literal>postgres</> rather than <literal>template1</> for
- standard lookups (Dave)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, <literal>template1</> was used both as a
- default connection for utilities like
- <application>createuser</application>, and as a template for
- new databases. This caused <command>CREATE DATABASE</> to
- sometimes fail, because a new database cannot be created if
- anyone else is in the template database. With this change, the
- default connection database is now <literal>postgres</>,
- meaning it is much less likely someone will be using
- <literal>template1</> during <command>CREATE DATABASE</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create new <application>reindexdb</application> command-line
- utility by moving <filename>/contrib/reindexdb</> into the
- server (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Data Type and Function Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>MAX()</> and <function>MIN()</> aggregates for
- array types (Koju Iijima)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>to_date()</> and <function>to_timestamp()</> to
- behave reasonably when <literal>CC</> and <literal>YY</> fields
- are both used (Karel Zak)
- </para>
- <para>
- If the format specification contains <literal>CC</> and a year
- specification is <literal>YYY</> or longer, ignore the
- <literal>CC</>. If the year specification is <literal>YY</> or
- shorter, interpret <literal>CC</> as the previous century.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>md5(bytea)</> (Abhijit Menon-Sen)
- </para>
- <para>
- <function>md5(text)</> already existed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <command>numeric ^ numeric</> based on
- <function>power(numeric, numeric)</>
- </para>
- <para>
- The function already existed, but there was no operator assigned
- to it.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>NUMERIC</> modulus by properly truncating the quotient
- during computation (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, modulus for large values sometimes
- returned negative results due to rounding of the quotient.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a function <function>lastval()</> (Dennis Björklund)
- </para>
- <para>
- <function>lastval()</> is a simplified version of
- <function>currval()</>. It automatically determines the proper
- sequence name based on the most recent <function>nextval()</> or
- <function>setval()</> call performed by the current session.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>to_timestamp(DOUBLE PRECISION) (Michael Glaesemann)</>
- </para>
- <para>
- Converts Unix seconds since 1970 to a <type>TIMESTAMP WITH
- TIMEZONE</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>pg_postmaster_start_time()</> function (Euler
- Taveira de Oliveira, Matthias Schmidt)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the full use of time zone names in <command>AT TIME
- ZONE</>, not just the short list previously available (Magnus)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously, only a predefined list of time zone names were
- supported by <command>AT TIME ZONE</>. Now any supported time
- zone name can be used, e.g.:
- <programlisting>
- SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/London';
- </programlisting>
- In the above query, the time zone used is adjusted based on the
- daylight saving time rules that were in effect on the supplied
- date.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>GREATEST()</> and <function>LEAST()</> variadic
- functions (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- <para>
- These functions take a variable number of arguments and return
- the greatest or least value among the arguments.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>pg_column_size()</> (Mark Kirkwood)
- </para>
- <para>
- This returns storage size of a column, which might be compressed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>regexp_replace()</> (Atsushi Ogawa)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows regular expression replacement, like sed. An optional
- flag argument allows selection of global (replace all) and
- case-insensitive modes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix interval division and multiplication (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previous versions sometimes returned unjustified results, like
- <command>'4 months'::interval / 5</> returning <command>'1 mon
- -6 days'</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix roundoff behavior in timestamp, time, and interval output (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This fixes some cases in which the seconds field would be shown as
- <literal>60</> instead of incrementing the higher-order fields.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a separate day field to type <type>interval</> so a one day
- interval can be distinguished from a 24 hour interval (Michael
- Glaesemann)
- </para>
- <para>
- Days that contain a daylight saving time adjustment are not 24
- hours long, but typically 23 or 25 hours. This change creates a
- conceptual distinction between intervals of <quote>so many days</>
- and intervals of <quote>so many hours</>. Adding
- <literal>1 day</> to a timestamp now gives the same local time on
- the next day even if a daylight saving time adjustment occurs
- between, whereas adding <literal>24 hours</> will give a different
- local time when this happens. For example, under US DST rules:
- <programlisting>
- '2005-04-03 00:00:00-05' + '1 day' = '2005-04-04 00:00:00-04'
- '2005-04-03 00:00:00-05' + '24 hours' = '2005-04-04 01:00:00-04'
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>justify_days()</> and <function>justify_hours()</>
- (Michael Glaesemann)
- </para>
- <para>
- These functions, respectively, adjust days to an appropriate
- number of full months and days, and adjust hours to an
- appropriate number of full days and hours.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Move <filename>/contrib/dbsize</> into the backend, and rename
- some of the functions (Dave Page, Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- <para>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_tablespace_size()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_database_size()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_relation_size()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_total_relation_size()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_size_pretty()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </para>
- <para>
- <function>pg_total_relation_size()</> includes indexes and TOAST
- tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add functions for read-only file access to the cluster directory
- (Dave Page, Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- <para>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_stat_file()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_read_file()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>pg_ls_dir()</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>pg_reload_conf()</> to force reloading of the
- configuration files (Dave Page, Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>pg_rotate_logfile()</> to force rotation of the
- server log file (Dave Page, Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <literal>pg_stat_*</> views to include TOAST tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Encoding and Locale Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename some encodings to be more consistent and to follow
- international standards (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>UNICODE</> is now <literal>UTF8</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>ALT</> is now <literal>WIN866</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>WIN</> is now <literal>WIN1251</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>TCVN</> is now <literal>WIN1258</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The original names still work.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <literal>WIN1252</> encoding (Roland Volkmann)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for four-byte <literal>UTF8</> characters (John
- Hansen)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously only one, two, and three-byte <literal>UTF8</> characters
- were supported. This is particularly important for support for
- some Chinese character sets.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow direct conversion between <literal>EUC_JP</> and
- <literal>SJIS</> to improve performance (Atsushi Ogawa)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the UTF8 encoding to work on Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is done by mapping UTF8 to the Windows-native UTF16
- implementation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>General Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER LANGUAGE RENAME</> (Sergey Yatskevich)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow function characteristics, like strictness and volatility,
- to be modified via <command>ALTER FUNCTION</> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Increase the maximum number of function arguments to 100 (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow SQL and PL/PgSQL functions to use <command>OUT</> and
- <command>INOUT</> parameters (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- <command>OUT</> is an alternate way for a function to return
- values. Instead of using <command>RETURN</>, values can be
- returned by assigning to parameters declared as <command>OUT</> or
- <command>INOUT</>. This is notationally simpler in some cases,
- particularly so when multiple values need to be returned.
- While returning multiple values from a function
- was possible in previous releases, this greatly simplifies the
- process. (The feature will be extended to other server-side
- languages in future releases.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Move language handler functions into the <literal>pg_catalog</> schema
- </para>
- <para>
- This makes it easier to drop the public schema if desired.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>SPI_getnspname()</function> to SPI (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/PgSQL Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overhaul the memory management of PL/PgSQL functions (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- The parsetree of each function is now stored in a separate
- memory context. This allows this memory to be easily reclaimed
- when it is no longer needed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Check function syntax at <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> time,
- rather than at runtime (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously, most syntax errors were reported only when the
- function was executed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>OPEN</> to open non-<command>SELECT</> queries
- like <command>EXPLAIN</> and <command>SHOW</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- No longer require functions to issue a <command>RETURN</>
- statement (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is a byproduct of the newly added <command>OUT</> and
- <command>INOUT</> functionality. <command>RETURN</> can
- be omitted when it is not needed to provide the function's
- return value.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for an optional <command>INTO</> clause to
- PL/PgSQL's <command>EXECUTE</> statement (Pavel Stehule, Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> set <command>ROW_COUNT</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Define <literal>SQLSTATE</> and <literal>SQLERRM</> to return
- the <literal>SQLSTATE</> and error message of the current
- exception (Pavel Stehule, Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- These variables are only defined inside exception blocks.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the parameters to the <command>RAISE</> statement to be
- expressions (Pavel Stehule, Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a loop <command>CONTINUE</> statement (Pavel Stehule, Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow block and loop labels (Pavel Stehule)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Perl Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow large result sets to be returned efficiently (Abhijit
- Menon-Sen)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows functions to use <function>return_next()</> to avoid
- building the entire result set in memory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow one-row-at-a-time retrieval of query results (Abhijit Menon-Sen)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows functions to use <function>spi_query()</> and
- <function>spi_fetchrow()</> to avoid accumulating the entire
- result set in memory.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Force PL/Perl to handle strings as <literal>UTF8</> if the
- server encoding is <literal>UTF8</> (David Kamholz)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a validator function for PL/Perl (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows syntax errors to be reported at definition time,
- rather than execution time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow PL/Perl to return a Perl array when the function returns
- an array type (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- This basically maps <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> arrays
- to Perl arrays.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow Perl nonfatal warnings to generate <command>NOTICE</>
- messages (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow Perl's <literal>strict</> mode to be enabled (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>psql</> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>\set ON_ERROR_ROLLBACK</> to allow statements in
- a transaction to error without affecting the rest of the
- transaction (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is basically implemented by wrapping every statement in a
- sub-transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <literal>\x</> hex strings in
- <application>psql</> variables (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Octal escapes were already supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <command>troff -ms</> output format (Roger
- Leigh)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the history file location to be controlled by
- <envar>HISTFILE</> (Andreas Seltenreich)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows configuration of per-database history storage.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>\x</> (expanded mode) from affecting
- the output of <command>\d tablename</> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>-L</> option to <application>psql</application> to
- log sessions (Lorne Sunley)
- </para>
- <para>
- This option was added because some operating systems do not have
- simple command-line activity logging functionality.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>\d</> show the tablespaces of indexes (Qingqing
- Zhou)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>psql</application> help (<command>\h</>) to
- make a best guess on the proper help information (Greg Sabino
- Mullane)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows the user to just add <command>\h</> to the front of
- the syntax error query and get help on the supported syntax.
- Previously any additional query text beyond the command name
- had to be removed to use <command>\h</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>\pset numericlocale</> to allow numbers to be
- output in a locale-aware format (Eugen Nedelcu)
- </para>
- <para>
- For example, using <literal>C</> locale <literal>100000</> would
- be output as <literal>100,000.0</> while a European locale might
- output this value as <literal>100.000,0</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make startup banner show both server version number and
- <application>psql</>'s version number, when they are different (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Also, a warning will be shown if the server and <application>psql</>
- are from different major releases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>pg_dump</> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>-n</> / <option>--schema</> switch to
- <application>pg_restore</> (Richard van den Berg)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows just the objects in a specified schema to be restored.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>pg_dump</> to dump large objects even in
- text mode (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- With this change, large objects are now always dumped; the former
- <option>-b</> switch is a no-op.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>pg_dump</> to dump a consistent snapshot of
- large objects (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Dump comments for large objects (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>--encoding</> to <application>pg_dump</>
- (Magnus Hagander)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows a database to be dumped in an encoding that is
- different from the server's encoding. This is valuable when
- transferring the dump to a machine with a different encoding.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rely on <structname>pg_pltemplate</> for procedural languages (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- If the call handler for a procedural language is in the
- <literal>pg_catalog</> schema, <application>pg_dump</> does not
- dump the handler. Instead, it dumps the language using just
- <command>CREATE LANGUAGE <replaceable>name</></command>,
- relying on the <structname>pg_pltemplate</> catalog to provide
- the language's creation parameters at load time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>libpq</application> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a <envar>PGPASSFILE</> environment variable to specify the
- password file's filename (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>lo_create()</>, that is similar to
- <function>lo_creat()</> but allows the OID of the large object
- to be specified (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <application>libpq</application> consistently return an error
- to the client application on <function>malloc()</function>
- failure (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pgxs</> to support building against a relocated
- installation
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add spinlock support for the Itanium processor using Intel
- compiler (Vikram Kalsi)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add Kerberos 5 support for Windows (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename Rendezvous to Bonjour to match OS/X feature renaming
- (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add support for <literal>fsync_writethrough</literal> on
- Darwin (Chris Campbell)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Streamline the passing of information within the server, the
- optimizer, and the lock system (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>pg_config</> to be compiled using MSVC (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is required to build DBD::Pg using <application>MSVC</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove support for Kerberos V4 (Magnus)
- </para>
- <para>
- Kerberos 4 had security vulnerabilities and is no longer
- maintained.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Code cleanups (Coverity static analysis performed by
- EnterpriseDB)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Modify <filename>postgresql.conf</> to use documentation defaults
- <literal>on</>/<literal>off</> rather than
- <literal>true</>/<literal>false</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Enhance <application>pg_config</> to be able to report more
- build-time values (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>libpq</application> to be built thread-safe
- on Windows (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow IPv6 connections to be used on Windows (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add Server Administration documentation about I/O subsystem
- reliability (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Move private declarations from <filename>gist.h</filename> to
- <filename>gist_private.h</filename> (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In previous releases, <filename>gist.h</> contained both the
- public GiST API (intended for use by authors of GiST index
- implementations) as well as some private declarations used by
- the implementation of GiST itself. The latter have been moved
- to a separate file, <filename>gist_private.h</>. Most GiST
- index implementations should be unaffected.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overhaul GiST memory management (Neil)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- GiST methods are now always invoked in a short-lived memory
- context. Therefore, memory allocated via <function>palloc()</>
- will be reclaimed automatically, so GiST index implementations
- do not need to manually release allocated memory via
- <function>pfree()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <filename>/contrib/pg_buffercache</> contrib module (Mark
- Kirkwood)
- </para>
- <para>
- This displays the contents of the buffer cache, for debugging and
- performance tuning purposes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <filename>/contrib/array</> because it is obsolete (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up the <filename>/contrib/lo</> module (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Move <filename>/contrib/findoidjoins</> to
- <filename>/src/tools</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove the <literal><<</>, <literal>>></>,
- <literal>&<</>, and <literal>&></> operators from
- <filename>/contrib/cube</>
- </para>
- <para>
- These operators were not useful.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <filename>/contrib/btree_gist</> (Janko Richter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <filename>/contrib/pgbench</> (Tomoaki Sato, Tatsuo)
- </para>
- <para>
- There is now a facility for testing with SQL command scripts given
- by the user, instead of only a hard-wired command sequence.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <filename>/contrib/pgcrypto</> (Marko Kreen)
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implementation of OpenPGP symmetric-key and public-key encryption
- </para>
- <para>
- Both RSA and Elgamal public-key algorithms are supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Stand alone build: include SHA256/384/512 hashes, Fortuna PRNG
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- OpenSSL build: support 3DES, use internal AES with OpenSSL < 0.9.7
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Take build parameters (OpenSSL, zlib) from <filename>configure</> result
- </para>
- <para>
- There is no need to edit the <filename>Makefile</> anymore.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove support for <filename>libmhash</> and <filename>libmcrypt</>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-21">
- <title>Release 8.0.21</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.20.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.21</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6,
- see the release notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-20">
- <title>Release 8.0.20</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.19.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.20</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6,
- see the release notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix uninitialized variables in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>'s
- <function>get_covers()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2009a (for
- Kathmandu and historical DST corrections in Switzerland, Cuba)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-19">
- <title>Release 8.0.19</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.18.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.19</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6,
- see the release notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible crash when deeply nested functions are invoked from
- a trigger (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure an error is reported when a newly-defined PL/pgSQL trigger
- function is invoked as a normal function (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect tsearch2 headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE USER</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix recent breakage of <literal>pg_ctl restart</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008i (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Syria)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-18">
- <title>Release 8.0.18</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.17.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.18</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6,
- see the release notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Widen local lock counters from 32 to 64 bits (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This responds to reports that the counters could overflow in
- sufficiently long transactions, leading to unexpected <quote>lock is
- already held</> errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add checks in executor startup to ensure that the tuples produced by an
- <command>INSERT</> or <command>UPDATE</> will match the target table's
- current rowtype (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</>, followed by re-use of a previously
- cached plan, could produce this type of situation. The check protects
- against data corruption and/or crashes that could ensue.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Tcl to behave correctly with Tcl 8.5, and to be more careful
- about the encoding of data sent to or from Tcl (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to work with Python 2.5
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is a back-port of fixes made during the 8.2 development cycle.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to properly preserve postmaster
- command-line arguments across a <literal>restart</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008f (for
- DST law changes in Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Mauritius, Morocco,
- Pakistan, Palestine, and Paraguay)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-17">
- <title>Release 8.0.17</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious bug fix over 8.0.16.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.17</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6,
- see the release notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-16">
- <title>Release 8.0.16</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.15.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.16</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6,
- see the release notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ... PRIMARY KEY</> so that the new
- column is correctly checked to see if it's been initialized to all
- non-nulls (Brendan Jurd)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous versions neglected to check this requirement at all.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible <command>CREATE TABLE</> failure when inheriting the
- <quote>same</> constraint from multiple parent relations that
- inherited that constraint from a common ancestor (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a few datatype input functions
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2008c (for
- DST law changes in Morocco, Iraq, Choibalsan, Pakistan, Syria, Cuba,
- Argentina/San_Luis, and Chile)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump in <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s
- <function>xpath_table()</> function when the input query returns a
- NULL value (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <filename>contrib/xml2</>'s makefile to not override
- <literal>CFLAGS</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DatumGetBool</> macro to not fail with <application>gcc</>
- 4.3 (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This problem affects <quote>old style</> (V0) C functions that
- return boolean. The fix is already in 8.3, but the need to
- back-patch it was not realized at the time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare crash when an error occurs during a query using a hash index
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix input of datetime values for February 29 in years BC (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The former coding was mistaken about which years were leap years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>unrecognized node type</> error in some variants of
- <command>ALTER OWNER</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_ctl</> to correctly extract the postmaster's port
- number from command-line options (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previously, <literal>pg_ctl start -w</> could try to contact the
- postmaster on the wrong port, leading to bogus reports of startup
- failure.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>-fwrapv</> to defend against possible misoptimization
- in recent <application>gcc</> versions (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is known to be necessary when building <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- with <application>gcc</> 4.3 or later.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix display of constant expressions in <literal>ORDER BY</>
- and <literal>GROUP BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- An explictly casted constant would be shown incorrectly. This could
- for example lead to corruption of a view definition during
- dump and reload.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> to handle NOTICE messages correctly
- during COPY OUT (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This failure has only been observed to occur when a user-defined
- datatype's output routine issues a NOTICE, but there is no
- guarantee it couldn't happen due to other causes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-15">
- <title>Release 8.0.15</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.14,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is the last 8.0.X release for which the <productname>PostgreSQL</>
- community will produce binary packages for <productname>Windows</>.
- Windows users are encouraged to move to 8.2.X or later,
- since there are Windows-specific fixes in 8.2.X that
- are impractical to back-port. 8.0.X will continue to
- be supported on other platforms.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.15</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair assorted bugs in the regular-expression package (Tom, Will Drewry)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Suitably crafted regular-expression patterns could cause crashes,
- infinite or near-infinite looping, and/or massive memory consumption,
- all of which pose denial-of-service hazards for applications that
- accept regex search patterns from untrustworthy sources.
- (CVE-2007-4769, CVE-2007-4772, CVE-2007-6067)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 8.0.14 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update time zone data files to <application>tzdata</> release 2007k
- (in particular, recent Argentina changes) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure in some cases of <literal>WHERE false AND var IN
- (SELECT ...)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Preserve the tablespace of indexes that are
- rebuilt by <command>ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make archive recovery always start a new WAL timeline, rather than only
- when a recovery stop time was used (Simon)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This avoids a corner-case risk of trying to overwrite an existing
- archived copy of the last WAL segment, and seems simpler and cleaner
- than the original definition.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>VACUUM</> not use all of <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>
- when the table is too small for it to be useful (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Perl to cope when platform's Perl defines type <literal>bool</>
- as <literal>int</> rather than <literal>char</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- While this could theoretically happen anywhere, no standard build of
- Perl did things this way ... until <productname>Mac OS X</> 10.5.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to not crash on long exception messages (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>pg_dump</> to correctly handle inheritance child tables
- that have default expressions different from their parent's (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>ecpg</> parser fixes (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>tsvector</> and <type>tsquery</> output routines to
- escape backslashes correctly (Teodor, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <function>to_tsvector()</> on huge input strings (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-14">
- <title>Release 8.0.14</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.13.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.14</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix excessive logging of <acronym>SSL</> error messages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix logging so that log messages are never interleaved when using
- the syslogger process (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect handling of some foreign-key corner cases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>CLUSTER</> from failing
- due to attempting to process temporary tables of other sessions (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update the time zone database rules, particularly New Zealand's upcoming changes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Windows socket improvements (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Suppress timezone name (<literal>%Z</>) in log timestamps on Windows
- because of possible encoding mismatches (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-13">
- <title>Release 8.0.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.12,
- including a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> crash fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PANIC during enlargement of a hash index (bug introduced in 8.0.10)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix POSIX-style timezone specs to follow new USA DST rules (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-12">
- <title>Release 8.0.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one fix from 8.0.11.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove overly-restrictive check for type length in constraints and
- functional indexes(Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-11">
- <title>Release 8.0.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.10, including
- a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerabilities that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The vulnerabilities involve suppressing the normal check that a SQL
- function returns the data type it's declared to, and changing the
- data type of a table column (CVE-2007-0555, CVE-2007-0556). These
- errors can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for rare Assert() crash triggered by <literal>UNION</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-10">
- <title>Release 8.0.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.9.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of <function>getaddrinfo()</> on AIX (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a problem with starting the statistics collector,
- among other things.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>failed to re-find parent key</> errors in
- <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix race condition for truncation of a large relation across a
- gigabyte boundary by <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs affecting multi-gigabyte hash indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix possible deadlock in Windows signal handling (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix error when constructing an <literal>ARRAY[]</> made up of multiple
- empty elements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix ecpg memory leak during connection (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>to_number()</> and <function>to_char(numeric)</>
- are now <literal>STABLE</>, not <literal>IMMUTABLE</>, for
- new <application>initdb</> installs (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is because <varname>lc_numeric</> can potentially
- change the output of these functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update timezone database
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects Australian and Canadian daylight-savings rules in
- particular.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-9">
- <title>Release 8.0.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-10-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.8.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix crash when referencing <literal>NEW</> row
-values in rule WHERE expressions (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump when an untyped literal is taken as
-ANYARRAY</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mishandling of AFTER triggers when query contains a SQL
-function returning multiple rows (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>ALTER TABLE ... TYPE</> to recheck
-<literal>NOT NULL</> for <literal>USING</> clause (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>string_to_array()</> to handle overlapping
- matches for the separator string</para>
-<para>For example, <literal>string_to_array('123xx456xxx789', 'xx')</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner cases in pattern matching for
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>\d</> commands</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix index-corrupting bugs in /contrib/ltree
- (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Numerous robustness fixes in <application>ecpg</> (Joachim
-Wieland)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix backslash escaping in /contrib/dbmirror</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix instability of statistics collection on Win32 (Tom, Andrew)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for <systemitem class="osname">AIX</> and
-<productname>Intel</> compilers (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-8">
- <title>Release 8.0.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-05-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.7,
- including patches for extremely serious security issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Full security against the SQL-injection attacks described in
- CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314 might require changes in application
- code. If you have applications that embed untrustworthy strings
- into SQL commands, you should examine them as soon as possible to
- ensure that they are using recommended escaping techniques. In
- most cases, applications should be using subroutines provided by
- libraries or drivers (such as <application>libpq</>'s
- <function>PQescapeStringConn()</>) to perform string escaping,
- rather than relying on <foreignphrase>ad hoc</> code to do it.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change the server to reject invalidly-encoded multibyte
-characters in all cases (Tatsuo, Tom)</para>
-<para>While <productname>PostgreSQL</> has been moving in this direction for
-some time, the checks are now applied uniformly to all encodings and all
-textual input, and are now always errors not merely warnings. This change
-defends against SQL-injection attacks of the type described in CVE-2006-2313.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Reject unsafe uses of <literal>\'</> in string literals</para>
-<para>As a server-side defense against SQL-injection attacks of the type
-described in CVE-2006-2314, the server now only accepts <literal>''</> and not
-<literal>\'</> as a representation of ASCII single quote in SQL string
-literals. By default, <literal>\'</> is rejected only when
-<varname>client_encoding</> is set to a client-only encoding (SJIS, BIG5, GBK,
-GB18030, or UHC), which is the scenario in which SQL injection is possible.
-A new configuration parameter <varname>backslash_quote</> is available to
-adjust this behavior when needed. Note that full security against
-CVE-2006-2314 might require client-side changes; the purpose of
-<varname>backslash_quote</> is in part to make it obvious that insecure
-clients are insecure.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Modify <application>libpq</>'s string-escaping routines to be
-aware of encoding considerations and
-<varname>standard_conforming_strings</></para>
-<para>This fixes <application>libpq</>-using applications for the security
-issues described in CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314, and also future-proofs
-them against the planned changeover to SQL-standard string literal syntax.
-Applications that use multiple <productname>PostgreSQL</> connections
-concurrently should migrate to <function>PQescapeStringConn()</> and
-<function>PQescapeByteaConn()</> to ensure that escaping is done correctly
-for the settings in use in each database connection. Applications that
-do string escaping <quote>by hand</> should be modified to rely on library
-routines instead.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix some incorrect encoding conversion functions</para>
-<para><function>win1251_to_iso</>, <function>alt_to_iso</>,
-<function>euc_tw_to_big5</>, <function>euc_tw_to_mic</>,
-<function>mic_to_euc_tw</> were all broken to varying
-extents.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Clean up stray remaining uses of <literal>\'</> in strings
-(Bruce, Jan)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug that sometimes caused OR'd index scans to
-miss rows they should have returned</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix WAL replay for case where a btree index has been
-truncated</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <literal>SIMILAR TO</> for patterns involving
-<literal>|</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>SELECT INTO</> and <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> to
-create tables in the default tablespace, not the base directory (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix server to use custom DH SSL parameters correctly (Michael
-Fuhr)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for Bonjour on Intel Macs (Ashley Clark)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix various minor memory leaks</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with password prompting on some Win32 systems
-(Robert Kinberg)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-7">
- <title>Release 8.0.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-02-14</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.6.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.6, see the release
- notes for 8.0.6.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix potential crash in <command>SET
-SESSION AUTHORIZATION</> (CVE-2006-0553)</para>
-<para>An unprivileged user could crash the server process, resulting in
-momentary denial of service to other users, if the server has been compiled
-with Asserts enabled (which is not the default).
-Thanks to Akio Ishida for reporting this problem.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug with row visibility logic in self-inserted
-rows (Tom)</para>
-<para>Under rare circumstances a row inserted by the current command
-could be seen as already valid, when it should not be. Repairs bug
-created in 8.0.4, 7.4.9, and 7.3.11 releases.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition that could lead to <quote>file already
-exists</> errors during pg_clog and pg_subtrans file creation
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix cases that could lead to crashes if a cache-invalidation
-message arrives at just the wrong time (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly check <literal>DOMAIN</> constraints for
-<literal>UNKNOWN</> parameters in prepared statements
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Ensure <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> will process
-<literal>FOREIGN KEY</>, <literal>UNIQUE</>, and <literal>PRIMARY KEY</>
-constraints in the proper order (Nakano Yoshihisa)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fixes to allow restoring dumps that have cross-schema
-references to custom operators or operator classes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow <application>pg_restore</> to continue properly after a
-<command>COPY</> failure; formerly it tried to treat the remaining
-<command>COPY</> data as SQL commands (Stephen Frost)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_ctl</> <literal>unregister</> crash
-when the data directory is not specified (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>ecpg</> crash on AMD64 and PPC
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Recover properly if error occurs during argument passing
-in <application>PL/python</> (Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>PL/perl</>'s handling of locales on
-Win32 to match the backend (Andrew)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix crash when <literal>log_min_messages</> is set to
-<literal>DEBUG3</> or above in <filename>postgresql.conf</> on Win32
-(Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pgxs</> <literal>-L</> library path
-specification for Win32, Cygwin, OS X, AIX (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Check that SID is enabled while checking for Win32 admin
-privileges (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly reject out-of-range date inputs (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Portability fix for testing presence of <function>finite</>
-and <function>isinf</> during configure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-6">
- <title>Release 8.0.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-01-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.5.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.3, see the release
- notes for 8.0.3.
- Also, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the locale or
- <application>plperl</> issues described below.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix Windows code so that postmaster will continue rather
-than exit if there is no more room in ShmemBackendArray (Magnus)</para>
-<para>The previous behavior could lead to a denial-of-service situation if too
-many connection requests arrive close together. This applies
-<emphasis>only</> to the Windows port.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug introduced in 8.0 that could allow ReadBuffer
-to return an already-used page as new, potentially causing loss of
-recently-committed data (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for protocol-level Describe messages issued
-outside a transaction or in a failed transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix character string comparison for locales that consider
-different character combinations as equal, such as Hungarian (Tom)</para>
-<para>This might require <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Set locale environment variables during postmaster startup
-to ensure that <application>plperl</> won't change the locale later</para>
-<para>This fixes a problem that occurred if the <application>postmaster</> was
-started with environment variables specifying a different locale than what
-<application>initdb</> had been told. Under these conditions, any use of
-<application>plperl</> was likely to lead to corrupt indexes. You might need
-<command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns if this has happened to you.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Allow more flexible relocation of installation
-directories (Tom)</para>
-<para>Previous releases supported relocation only if all installation
-directory paths were the same except for the last component.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding bug in strpos() and regular expression
-handling in certain rarely used Asian multi-byte character sets (Tatsuo)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Various fixes for functions returning <literal>RECORD</>s
-(Tom) </para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in <filename>/contrib/pgcrypto</> gen_salt,
-which caused it not to use all available salt space for MD5 and
-XDES algorithms (Marko Kreen, Solar Designer)</para>
-<para>Salts for Blowfish and standard DES are unaffected.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to throw an error,
-rather than crashing, when the number of columns specified is different from
-what's actually returned by the query (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-5">
- <title>Release 8.0.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-12-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.4.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.3, see the release
- notes for 8.0.3.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition in transaction log management</para>
-<para>There was a narrow window in which an I/O operation could be initiated
-for the wrong page, leading to an Assert failure or data
-corruption.</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bgwriter problems after recovering from errors
-(Tom)</para>
-<para>
-The background writer was found to leak buffer pins after write errors.
-While not fatal in itself, this might lead to mysterious blockages of
-later VACUUM commands.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent failure if client sends Bind protocol message
-when current transaction is already aborted</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para><filename>/contrib/ltree</> fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>AIX and HPUX compile fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Retry file reads and writes after Windows
-NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES error (Qingqing Zhou)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix intermittent failure when <varname>log_line_prefix</>
-includes <literal>%i</></para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>psql</> performance issue with long scripts
-on Windows (Merlin Moncure)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix missing updates of <filename>pg_group</> flat
-file</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding planning error for outer joins</para>
-<para>This bug sometimes caused a bogus error <quote>RIGHT JOIN is
-only supported with merge-joinable join conditions</>.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Postpone timezone initialization until after
-<filename>postmaster.pid</> is created</para>
-<para>This avoids confusing startup scripts that expect the pid file to appear
-quickly.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent core dump in <application>pg_autovacuum</> when a
-table has been dropped</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with whole-row references (<literal>foo.*</>)
-to subquery results</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-4">
- <title>Release 8.0.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-10-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.3.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 8.0.3, see the release
- notes for 8.0.3.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix error that allowed <command>VACUUM</> to remove
-<literal>ctid</> chains too soon, and add more checking in code that follows
-<literal>ctid</> links</para>
-<para>This fixes a long-standing problem that could cause crashes in very rare
-circumstances.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <type>CHAR()</> to properly pad spaces to the specified
-length when using a multiple-byte character set (Yoshiyuki Asaba)</para>
-<para>In prior releases, the padding of <type>CHAR()</> was incorrect
-because it only padded to the specified number of bytes without
-considering how many characters were stored.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Force a checkpoint before committing <command>CREATE
-DATABASE</></para>
-<para>This should fix recent reports of <quote>index is not a btree</>
-failures when a crash occurs shortly after <command>CREATE
-DATABASE</>.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix the sense of the test for read-only transaction
-in <command>COPY</></para>
-<para>The code formerly prohibited <command>COPY TO</>, where it should
-prohibit <command>COPY FROM</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle consecutive embedded newlines in <command>COPY</>
-CSV-mode input</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>date_trunc(week)</> for dates near year
-end</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planning problem with outer-join ON clauses that reference
-only the inner-side relation</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Further fixes for <literal>x FULL JOIN y ON true</> corner
-cases</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix overenthusiastic optimization of <literal>x IN (SELECT
-DISTINCT ...)</> and related cases</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mis-planning of queries with small <literal>LIMIT</>
-values due to poorly thought out <quote>fuzzy</> cost
-comparison</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <function>array_in</> and <function>array_recv</> more
-paranoid about validating their OID parameter</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix missing rows in queries like <literal>UPDATE a=... WHERE
-a...</> with GiST index on column <literal>a</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve robustness of datetime parsing</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve checking for partially-written WAL
-pages</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve robustness of signal handling when SSL is
-enabled</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve MIPS and M68K spinlock code</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Don't try to open more than <literal>max_files_per_process</>
-files during postmaster startup</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various memory leakage fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various portability improvements</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update timezone data files</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve handling of DLL load failures on Windows</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve random-number generation on Windows</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <literal>psql -f filename</> return a nonzero exit code
-when opening the file fails</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Change <application>pg_dump</> to handle inherited check
-constraints more reliably</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix password prompting in <application>pg_restore</> on
-Windows</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix PL/PgSQL to handle <literal>var := var</> correctly when
-the variable is of pass-by-reference type</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix PL/Perl <literal>%_SHARED</> so it's actually
-shared</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>contrib/pg_autovacuum</> to allow sleep
-intervals over 2000 sec</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> to use current Snowball
-code</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-3">
- <title>Release 8.0.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-05-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.2, including several
- security-related issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.X. However,
- it is one possible way of handling two significant security problems
- that have been found in the initial contents of 8.0.X system
- catalogs. A dump/initdb/reload sequence using 8.0.3's initdb will
- automatically correct these problems.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The larger security problem is that the built-in character set encoding
- conversion functions can be invoked from SQL commands by unprivileged
- users, but the functions were not designed for such use and are not
- secure against malicious choices of arguments. The fix involves changing
- the declared parameter list of these functions so that they can no longer
- be invoked from SQL commands. (This does not affect their normal use
- by the encoding conversion machinery.)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The lesser problem is that the <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> module
- creates several functions that are improperly declared to return
- <type>internal</> when they do not accept <type>internal</> arguments.
- This breaks type safety for all functions using <type>internal</>
- arguments.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It is strongly recommended that all installations repair these errors,
- either by initdb or by following the manual repair procedure given
- below. The errors at least allow unprivileged database users to crash
- their server process, and might allow unprivileged users to gain the
- privileges of a database superuser.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If you wish not to do an initdb, perform the same manual repair
- procedures shown in the <link linkend="release-7-4-8">7.4.8 release
- notes</link>.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change encoding function signature to prevent
-misuse</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Change <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> to avoid unsafe use of
-<type>INTERNAL</> function results</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Guard against incorrect second parameter to
-<function>record_out</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair ancient race condition that allowed a transaction to be
-seen as committed for some purposes (eg SELECT FOR UPDATE) slightly sooner
-than for other purposes</para>
-<para>This is an extremely serious bug since it could lead to apparent
-data inconsistencies being briefly visible to applications.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair race condition between relation extension and
-VACUUM</para>
-<para>This could theoretically have caused loss of a page's worth of
-freshly-inserted data, although the scenario seems of very low probability.
-There are no known cases of it having caused more than an Assert failure.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix comparisons of <type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para>
-<para>
-The comparison code was wrong in the case where the
-<literal>--enable-integer-datetimes</> configuration switch had been used.
-NOTE: if you have an index on a <type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> column,
-it will need to be <command>REINDEX</>ed after installing this update, because
-the fix corrects the sort order of column values.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH)</> for
-<type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mis-display of negative fractional seconds in
-<type>INTERVAL</> values</para>
-<para>
-This error only occurred when the
-<literal>--enable-integer-datetimes</> configuration switch had been used.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix pg_dump to dump trigger names containing <literal>%</>
-correctly (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Still more 64-bit fixes for
-<filename>contrib/intagg</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent incorrect optimization of functions returning
-<type>RECORD</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent crash on <literal>COALESCE(NULL,NULL)</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix Borland makefile for libpq</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>contrib/btree_gist</> for <type>timetz</> type
-(Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <command>pg_ctl</> check the PID found in
-<filename>postmaster.pid</> to see if it is still a live
-process</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>pg_dump</>/<command>pg_restore</> problems caused
-by addition of dump timestamps</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix interaction between materializing holdable cursors and
-firing deferred triggers during transaction commit</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix memory leak in SQL functions returning pass-by-reference
-data types</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-2">
- <title>Release 8.0.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-04-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.1.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.*.
- This release updates the major version number of the
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries, so it might be
- necessary to re-link some user applications if they cannot
- find the properly-numbered shared library.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Increment the major version number of all interface
-libraries (Bruce)</para>
-<para>
-This should have been done in 8.0.0. It is required so 7.4.X versions
-of PostgreSQL client applications, like <application>psql</>,
-can be used on the same machine as 8.0.X applications. This might require
-re-linking user applications that use these libraries.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add Windows-only <varname>wal_sync_method</> setting of
-<option>fsync_writethrough</> (Magnus, Bruce)</para>
-<para>
-This setting causes <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to write through
-any disk-drive write cache when writing to WAL.
-This behavior was formerly called <option>fsync</>, but was
-renamed because it acts quite differently from <option>fsync</> on other
-platforms.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Enable the <varname>wal_sync_method</> setting of
-<option>open_datasync</> on Windows, and make it the default for that
- platform (Magnus, Bruce)</para>
-<para>
-Because the default is no longer <option>fsync_writethrough</>,
-data loss is possible during a power failure if the disk drive has
-write caching enabled. To turn off the write cache on Windows,
-from the <application>Device Manager</>, choose the drive properties,
-then <literal>Policies</>.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>New cache management algorithm <acronym>2Q</> replaces
-<acronym>ARC</> (Tom)</para>
-<para>
-This was done to avoid a pending US patent on <acronym>ARC</>. The
-<acronym>2Q</> code might be a few percentage points slower than
-<acronym>ARC</> for some work loads. A better cache management algorithm
-will appear in 8.1.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Planner adjustments to improve behavior on freshly-created
-tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow plpgsql to assign to an element of an array that is
-initially <literal>NULL</> (Tom)</para>
-<para>
-Formerly the array would remain <literal>NULL</>, but now it becomes a
-single-element array. The main SQL engine was changed to handle
-<command>UPDATE</> of a null array value this way in 8.0, but the similar
-case in plpgsql was overlooked.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Convert <literal>\r\n</> and <literal>\r</> to <literal>\n</>
-in plpython function bodies (Michael Fuhr)</para>
-<para>
- This prevents syntax errors when plpython code is written on a Windows or
- Mac client.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow SPI cursors to handle utility commands that return rows,
-such as <command>EXPLAIN</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>CLUSTER</> failure after <command>ALTER TABLE
-SET WITHOUT OIDS</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reduce memory usage of <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN</>
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>ALTER LANGUAGE RENAME</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Document the Windows-only <literal>register</> and
-<literal>unregister</> options of <application>pg_ctl</> (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure operations done during backend shutdown are counted by
-statistics collector</para>
-<para>
-This is expected to resolve reports of <application>pg_autovacuum</>
-not vacuuming the system catalogs often enough — it was not being
-told about catalog deletions caused by temporary table removal during
-backend exit.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Change the Windows default for configuration parameter
-<varname>log_destination</> to <option>eventlog</> (Magnus)</para>
-<para>
-By default, a server running on Windows will now send log output to the
-Windows event logger rather than standard error.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make Kerberos authentication work on Windows (Magnus)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow <command>ALTER DATABASE RENAME</> by superusers
-who aren't flagged as having CREATEDB privilege (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Modify WAL log entries for <command>CREATE</> and
-<command>DROP DATABASE</> to not specify absolute paths (Tom)</para>
-<para>This allows point-in-time recovery on a different machine with possibly
-different database location. Note that <command>CREATE TABLESPACE</> still
-poses a hazard in such situations.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix crash from a backend exiting with an open transaction
-that created a table and opened a cursor on it (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>array_map()</> so it can call PL functions
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Several <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> and
-<filename>contrib/btree_gist</> fixes (Teodor)
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix crash of some <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</>
-functions on some platforms (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>contrib/intagg</> for 64-bit platforms
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix ecpg bugs in parsing of <command>CREATE</> statement
-(Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Work around gcc bug on powerpc and amd64 causing problems in
-ecpg (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Do not use locale-aware versions of <function>upper()</>,
-<function>lower()</>, and <function>initcap()</> when the locale is
-<literal>C</> (Bruce)</para>
-<para>
- This allows these functions to work on platforms that generate errors
- for non-7-bit data when the locale is <literal>C</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>quote_ident()</> to quote names that match keywords (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>to_date()</> to behave reasonably when
-<literal>CC</> and <literal>YY</> fields are both used (Karel)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent <function>to_char(interval)</> from failing
-when given a zero-month interval (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix wrong week returned by <function>date_trunc('week')</>
-(Bruce)</para>
-<para>
-<function>date_trunc('week')</>
-returned the wrong year for the first few days of January in some years.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Use the correct default mask length for class <literal>D</>
-addresses in <type>INET</> data types (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0-1">
- <title>Release 8.0.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-01-31</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 8.0.0, including several
- security-related issues.
- For information about new features in the 8.0 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-8-0">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 8.0.0.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Disallow <command>LOAD</> to non-superusers</para>
-<para>
-On platforms that will automatically execute initialization functions of a
-shared library (this includes at least Windows and ELF-based Unixen),
-<command>LOAD</> can be used to make the server execute arbitrary code.
-Thanks to NGS Software for reporting this.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Check that creator of an aggregate function has the right to
-execute the specified transition functions</para>
-<para>
-This oversight made it possible to bypass denial of EXECUTE
-permission on a function.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix security and 64-bit issues in
-contrib/intagg</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add needed STRICT marking to some contrib functions (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid buffer overrun when plpgsql cursor declaration has too
-many parameters (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN</> enforce domain
-constraints in all cases</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planning error for FULL and RIGHT outer joins</para>
-<para>
-The result of the join was mistakenly supposed to be sorted the same as the
-left input. This could not only deliver mis-sorted output to the user, but
-in case of nested merge joins could give outright wrong answers.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve planning of grouped aggregate queries</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><command>ROLLBACK TO <replaceable>savepoint</></command>
-closes cursors created since the savepoint</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix inadequate backend stack size on Windows</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid SHGetSpecialFolderPath() on Windows
-(Magnus)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix some problems in running pg_autovacuum as a Windows
-service (Dave Page)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Multiple minor bug fixes in
-pg_dump/pg_restore</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix ecpg segfault with named structs used in
-typedefs (Michael)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-8-0">
- <title>Release 8.0</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-01-19</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Microsoft Windows Native Server
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- This is the first <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> release
- to run natively on <trademark class="registered">Microsoft Windows</> as
- a server. It can run as a <productname>Windows</> service. This
- release supports NT-based Windows releases like
- <productname>Windows 2000 SP4</>, <productname>Windows XP</>, and
- <productname>Windows 2003</>. Older releases like
- <productname>Windows 95</>, <productname>Windows 98</>, and
- <productname>Windows ME</> are not supported because these operating
- systems do not have the infrastructure to support
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>. A separate installer
- project has been created to ease installation on
- <productname>Windows</> — see <ulink
- url="http://www.postgresql.org/ftp/win32/"></ulink>.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Although tested throughout our release cycle, the Windows port
- does not have the benefit of years of use in production
- environments that <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> has on
- Unix platforms. Therefore it should be treated with the same
- level of caution as you would a new product.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Previous releases required the Unix emulation toolkit
- <productname>Cygwin</> in order to run the server on Windows
- operating systems. <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> has
- supported native clients on Windows for many years.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Savepoints
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Savepoints allow specific parts of a transaction to be aborted
- without affecting the remainder of the transaction. Prior
- releases had no such capability; there was no way to recover
- from a statement failure within a transaction except by
- aborting the whole transaction. This feature is valuable for
- application writers who require error recovery within a
- complex transaction.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Point-In-Time Recovery
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases there was no way to recover from disk
- drive failure except to restore from a previous backup or use
- a standby replication server. Point-in-time recovery allows
- continuous backup of the server. You can recover either to
- the point of failure or to some transaction in the past.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Tablespaces
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tablespaces allow administrators to select different file systems
- for storage of individual tables, indexes, and databases.
- This improves performance and control over disk space
- usage. Prior releases used <application>initlocation</> and
- manual symlink management for such tasks.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Improved Buffer Management, <command>CHECKPOINT</command>,
- <command>VACUUM</command>
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- This release has a more intelligent buffer replacement strategy,
- which will make better use of available shared buffers and
- improve performance. The performance impact of vacuum and
- checkpoints is also lessened.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Change Column Types
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A column's data type can now be changed with <command>ALTER
- TABLE</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- New Perl Server-Side Language
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A new version of the <application>plperl</> server-side language now
- supports a persistent shared storage area, triggers, returning records
- and arrays of records, and SPI calls to access the database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Comma-separated-value (CSV) support in <command>COPY</command>
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>COPY</command> can now read and write
- comma-separated-value files. It has the flexibility to
- interpret nonstandard quoting and separation characters too.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 8.0</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
- required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
- release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <option>READ COMMITTED</> serialization mode, volatile functions
- now see the results of concurrent transactions committed up to the
- beginning of each statement within the function, rather than up to the
- beginning of the interactive command that called the function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Functions declared <option>STABLE</> or <option>IMMUTABLE</> always
- use the snapshot of the calling query, and therefore do not see the
- effects of actions taken after the calling query starts, whether in
- their own transaction or other transactions. Such a function must be
- read-only, too, meaning that it cannot use any SQL commands other than
- <command>SELECT</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Nondeferred <option>AFTER</> triggers are now fired immediately
- after completion of the triggering query, rather than upon
- finishing the current interactive command. This makes a
- difference when the triggering query occurred within a function:
- the trigger is invoked before the function proceeds to its next
- operation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameters <varname>virtual_host</> and
- <varname>tcpip_socket</> have been replaced with a more general
- parameter <varname>listen_addresses</>. Also, the server now listens on
- <literal>localhost</> by default, which eliminates the need for the
- <literal>-i</> postmaster switch in many scenarios.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameters <varname>SortMem</> and
- <varname>VacuumMem</> have been renamed to <varname>work_mem</>
- and <varname>maintenance_work_mem</> to better reflect their
- use. The original names are still supported in
- <command>SET</command> and <command>SHOW</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameters <varname>log_pid</>,
- <varname>log_timestamp</>, and <varname>log_source_port</> have been
- replaced with a more general parameter <varname>log_line_prefix</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameter <varname>syslog</> has been
- replaced with a more logical <varname>log_destination</> variable to
- control the log output destination.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameter <varname>log_statement</> has been
- changed so it can selectively log just database modification or
- data definition statements. Server configuration parameter
- <varname>log_duration</> now prints only when <varname>log_statement</>
- prints the query.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Server configuration parameter <varname>max_expr_depth</> parameter has
- been replaced with <varname>max_stack_depth</> which measures the
- physical stack size rather than the expression nesting depth. This
- helps prevent session termination due to stack overflow caused by
- recursive functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The <function>length()</> function no longer counts trailing spaces in
- <type>CHAR(n)</> values.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Casting an integer to <type>BIT(N)</> selects the rightmost N bits of the
- integer, not the leftmost N bits as before.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Updating an element or slice of a NULL array value now produces
- a nonnull array result, namely an array containing
- just the assigned-to positions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Syntax checking of array input values has been tightened up
- considerably. Junk that was previously allowed in odd places with
- odd results now causes an error. Empty-string element values
- must now be written as <literal>""</>, rather than writing nothing.
- Also changed behavior with respect to whitespace surrounding
- array elements: trailing whitespace is now ignored, for symmetry
- with leading whitespace (which has always been ignored).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overflow in integer arithmetic operations is now detected and
- reported as an error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The arithmetic operators associated with the single-byte
- <type>"char"</> data type have been removed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The <function>extract()</> function (also called
- <function>date_part</>) now returns the proper year for BC dates.
- It previously returned one less than the correct year. The
- function now also returns the proper values for millennium and
- century.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <type>CIDR</> values now must have their nonmasked bits be zero.
- For example, we no longer allow
- <literal>204.248.199.1/31</literal> as a <type>CIDR</> value. Such
- values should never have been accepted by
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> and will now be rejected.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>EXECUTE</command> now returns a completion tag that
- matches the executed statement.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>psql</>'s <command>\copy</> command now reads or
- writes to the query's <literal>stdin/stdout</>, rather than
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>stdin/stdout</>. The previous
- behavior can be accessed via new
- <option>pstdin</>/<option>pstdout</> parameters.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The JDBC client interface has been removed from the core
- distribution, and is now hosted at <ulink url=
- "http://jdbc.postgresql.org"></ulink>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The Tcl client interface has also been removed. There are several
- Tcl interfaces now hosted at <ulink url=
- "http://gborg.postgresql.org"></ulink>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The server now uses its own time zone database, rather than the
- one supplied by the operating system. This will provide consistent
- behavior across all platforms. In most cases, there should be
- little noticeable difference in time zone behavior, except that
- the time zone names used by <command>SET</>/<command>SHOW</>
- <varname>TimeZone</> might be different from what your platform provides.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>Configure</>'s threading option no longer requires
- users to run tests or edit configuration files; threading options
- are now detected automatically.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Now that tablespaces have been implemented,
- <application>initlocation</> has been removed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The API for user-defined GiST indexes has been changed. The
- Union and PickSplit methods are now passed a pointer to a
- special <structname>GistEntryVector</structname> structure,
- rather than a <type>bytea</type>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Deprecated Features</title>
-
- <para>
- Some aspects of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>'s behavior
- have been determined to be suboptimal. For the sake of backward
- compatibility these have not been removed in 8.0, but they are
- considered deprecated and will be removed in the next major
- release.
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The 8.1 release will remove the <function>to_char()</> function
- for intervals.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The server now warns of empty strings passed to
- <type>oid</type>/<type>float4</type>/<type>float8</type> data
- types, but continues to interpret them as zeroes as before.
- In the next major release, empty strings will be considered
- invalid input for these data types.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- By default, tables in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 8.0
- and earlier are created with <type>OID</>s. In the next release,
- this will <emphasis>not</emphasis> be the case: to create a table
- that contains <type>OID</>s, the <option>WITH OIDS</> clause must
- be specified or the <varname>default_with_oids</varname>
- configuration parameter must be set. Users are encouraged to
- explicitly specify <option>WITH OIDS</> if their tables
- require OIDs for compatibility with future releases of
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
- release 8.0 and the previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance Improvements</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support cross-data-type index usage (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Before this change, many queries would not use an index if the data
- types did not match exactly. This improvement makes index usage more
- intuitive and consistent.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New buffer replacement strategy that improves caching (Jan)
- </para>
- <para>
- Prior releases used a least-recently-used (LRU) cache to keep
- recently referenced pages in memory. The LRU algorithm
- did not consider the number of times a specific cache entry was
- accessed, so large table scans could force out useful cache pages.
- The new cache algorithm uses four separate lists to track most
- recently used and most frequently used cache pages and dynamically
- optimize their replacement based on the work load. This should
- lead to much more efficient use of the shared buffer cache.
- Administrators who have tested shared buffer sizes in the past
- should retest with this new cache replacement policy.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add subprocess to write dirty buffers periodically to reduce
- checkpoint writes (Jan)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, the checkpoint process, which runs every few
- minutes, would write all dirty buffers to the operating system's
- buffer cache then flush all dirty operating system buffers to
- disk. This resulted in a periodic spike in disk usage that often
- hurt performance. The new code uses a background writer to trickle
- disk writes at a steady pace so checkpoints have far fewer dirty
- pages to write to disk. Also, the new code does not issue a global
- <function>sync()</> call, but instead <function>fsync()</>s just
- the files written since the last checkpoint. This should improve
- performance and minimize degradation during checkpoints.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add ability to prolong vacuum to reduce performance impact (Jan)
- </para>
- <para>
- On busy systems, <command>VACUUM</command> performs many I/O
- requests which can hurt performance for other users. This
- release allows you to slow down <command>VACUUM</command> to
- reduce its impact on other users, though this increases the
- total duration of <command>VACUUM</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve B-tree index performance for duplicate keys (Dmitry Tkach, Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This improves the way indexes are scanned when many duplicate
- values exist in the index.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use dynamically-generated table size estimates while planning (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly the planner estimated table sizes using the values seen
- by the last <command>VACUUM</command> or <command>ANALYZE</command>,
- both as to physical table size (number of pages) and number of rows.
- Now, the current physical table size is obtained from the kernel,
- and the number of rows is estimated by multiplying the table size
- by the row density (rows per page) seen by the last
- <command>VACUUM</command> or <command>ANALYZE</command>. This should
- produce more reliable estimates in cases where the table size has
- changed significantly since the last housekeeping command.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improved index usage with <literal>OR</> clauses (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows the optimizer to use indexes in statements with many OR
- clauses that would not have been indexed in the past. It can also use
- multi-column indexes where the first column is specified and the second
- column is part of an <literal>OR</> clause.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve matching of partial index clauses (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The server is now smarter about using partial indexes in queries
- involving complex <option>WHERE</> clauses.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of the GEQO optimizer (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The GEQO optimizer is used to plan queries involving many tables (by
- default, twelve or more). This release speeds up the way queries are
- analyzed to decrease time spent in optimization.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Miscellaneous optimizer improvements
- </para>
- <para>
- There is not room here to list all the minor improvements made, but
- numerous special cases work better than in prior releases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve lookup speed for C functions (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This release uses a hash table to lookup information for dynamically
- loaded C functions. This improves their speed so they perform nearly as
- quickly as functions that are built into the server executable.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add type-specific <command>ANALYZE</command> statistics
- capability (Mark Cave-Ayland)
- </para>
- <para>
- This feature allows more flexibility in generating statistics
- for nonstandard data types.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>ANALYZE</command> now collects statistics for
- expression indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Expression indexes (also called functional indexes) allow users to
- index not just columns but the results of expressions and function
- calls. With this release, the optimizer can gather and use statistics
- about the contents of expression indexes. This will greatly improve
- the quality of planning for queries in which an expression index is
- relevant.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New two-stage sampling method for <command>ANALYZE</command>
- (Manfred Koizar)
- </para>
- <para>
- This gives better statistics when the density of valid rows is very
- different in different regions of a table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Speed up <command>TRUNCATE</command> (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This buys back some of the performance loss observed in 7.4, while still
- keeping <command>TRUNCATE</command> transaction-safe.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add WAL file archiving and point-in-time recovery (Simon Riggs)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add tablespaces so admins can control disk layout (Gavin)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add a built-in log rotation program (Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- <para>
- It is now possible to log server messages conveniently without
- relying on either <application>syslog</> or an external log
- rotation program.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new read-only server configuration parameters to show server
- compile-time settings: <varname>block_size</>,
- <varname>integer_datetimes</>, <varname>max_function_args</>,
- <varname>max_identifier_length</>, <varname>max_index_keys</> (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make quoting of <literal>sameuser</>, <literal>samegroup</>, and
- <literal>all</> remove special meaning of these terms in
- <filename>pg_hba.conf</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use clearer IPv6 name <literal>::1/128</> for
- <literal>localhost</> in default <filename>pg_hba.conf</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use CIDR format in <filename>pg_hba.conf</> examples (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Rename server configuration parameters <varname>SortMem</> and
- <varname>VacuumMem</> to <varname>work_mem</> and
- <varname>maintenance_work_mem</> (Old names still supported) (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This change was made to clarify that bulk operations such as index and
- foreign key creation use <varname>maintenance_work_mem</>, while
- <varname>work_mem</> is for workspaces used during query execution.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow logging of session disconnections using server configuration
- <varname>log_disconnections</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new server configuration parameter <varname>log_line_prefix</> to
- allow control of information emitted in each log line (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- Available information includes user name, database name, remote IP
- address, and session start time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove server configuration parameters <varname>log_pid</>,
- <varname>log_timestamp</>, <varname>log_source_port</>; functionality
- superseded by <varname>log_line_prefix</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Replace the <varname>virtual_host</> and <varname>tcpip_socket</>
- parameters with a unified <varname>listen_addresses</> parameter
- (Andrew, Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- <varname>virtual_host</> could only specify a single IP address to
- listen on. <varname>listen_addresses</> allows multiple addresses
- to be specified.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Listen on localhost by default, which eliminates the need for the
- <option>-i</> postmaster switch in many scenarios (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- Listening on localhost (<literal>127.0.0.1</>) opens no new
- security holes but allows configurations like Windows and JDBC,
- which do not support local sockets, to work without special
- adjustments.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <varname>syslog</> server configuration parameter, and add more
- logical <varname>log_destination</> variable to control log output
- location (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change server configuration parameter <varname>log_statement</> to take
- values <varname>all</>, <varname>mod</>, <varname>ddl</>, or
- <varname>none</> to select which queries are logged (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows administrators to log only data definition changes or
- only data modification statements.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Some logging-related configuration parameters could formerly be adjusted
- by ordinary users, but only in the <quote>more verbose</> direction.
- They are now treated more strictly: only superusers can set them.
- However, a superuser can use <command>ALTER USER</> to provide per-user
- settings of these values for non-superusers. Also, it is now possible
- for superusers to set values of superuser-only configuration parameters
- via <literal>PGOPTIONS</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow configuration files to be placed outside the data directory (mlw)
- </para>
- <para>
- By default, configuration files are kept in the cluster's top directory.
- With this addition, configuration files can be placed outside the
- data directory, easing administration.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Plan prepared queries only when first executed so constants can be
- used for statistics (Oliver Jowett)
- </para>
- <para>
- Prepared statements plan queries once and execute them many
- times. While prepared queries avoid the overhead of re-planning
- on each use, the quality of the plan suffers from not knowing the exact
- parameters to be used in the query. In this release, planning of
- unnamed prepared statements is delayed until the first execution,
- and the actual parameter values of that execution are used as
- optimization hints. This allows use of out-of-line parameter passing
- without incurring a performance penalty.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>DECLARE CURSOR</command> to take parameters
- (Oliver Jowett)
- </para>
- <para>
- It is now useful to issue <command>DECLARE CURSOR</command> in a
- <function>Parse</> message with parameters. The parameter values
- sent at <function>Bind</> time will be substituted into the
- execution of the cursor's query.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix hash joins and aggregates of <type>inet</type> and
- <type>cidr</type> data types (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Release 7.4 handled hashing of mixed <type>inet</type> and
- <type>cidr</type> values incorrectly. (This bug did not exist
- in prior releases because they wouldn't try to hash either
- data type.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <varname>log_duration</> print only when <varname>log_statement</>
- prints the query (Ed L.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Query Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add savepoints (nested transactions) (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Unsupported isolation levels are now accepted and promoted to the
- nearest supported level (Peter)
- </para>
- <para>
- The SQL specification states that if a database doesn't support a
- specific isolation level, it should use the next more restrictive level.
- This change complies with that recommendation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>BEGIN WORK</command> to specify transaction
- isolation levels like <command>START TRANSACTION</command> does
- (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix table permission checking for cases in which rules generate
- a query type different from the originally submitted query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implement dollar quoting to simplify single-quote usage (Andrew, Tom,
- David Fetter)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, because single quotes had to be used to
- quote a function's body, the use of single quotes inside the
- function text required use of two single quotes or other error-prone
- notations. With this release we add the ability to use "dollar
- quoting" to quote a block of text. The ability to use different
- quoting delimiters at different nesting levels greatly simplifies
- the task of quoting correctly, especially in complex functions.
- Dollar quoting can be used anywhere quoted text is needed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>CASE val WHEN compval1 THEN ...</> evaluate <literal>val</> only once (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- <option>CASE</> no longer evaluates the tested expression multiple
- times. This has benefits when the expression is complex or is
- volatile.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Test <option>HAVING</> before computing target list of an
- aggregate query (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Fixes improper failure of cases such as <literal>SELECT SUM(win)/SUM(lose)
- ... GROUP BY ... HAVING SUM(lose) > 0</>. This should work but formerly
- could fail with divide-by-zero.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Replace <varname>max_expr_depth</> parameter with
- <varname>max_stack_depth</> parameter, measured in kilobytes of stack
- size (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This gives us a fairly bulletproof defense against crashing due to
- runaway recursive functions. Instead of measuring the depth of expression
- nesting, we now directly measure the size of the execution stack.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow arbitrary row expressions (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This release allows SQL expressions to contain arbitrary composite
- types, that is, row values. It also allows functions to more easily
- take rows as arguments and return row values.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <option>LIKE</>/<option>ILIKE</> to be used as the operator
- in row and subselect comparisons (Fabien Coelho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid locale-specific case conversion of basic ASCII letters in
- identifiers and keywords (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This solves the <quote>Turkish problem</> with mangling of words
- containing <literal>I</> and <literal>i</>. Folding of characters
- outside the 7-bit-ASCII set is still locale-aware.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve syntax error reporting (Fabien, Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Syntax error reports are more useful than before.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <command>EXECUTE</command> to return a completion tag
- matching the executed statement (Kris Jurka)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previous releases return an <command>EXECUTE</command> tag for
- any <command>EXECUTE</command> call. In this release, the tag
- returned will reflect the command executed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid emitting <option>NATURAL CROSS JOIN</> in rule listings (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Such a clause makes no logical sense, but in some cases the rule
- decompiler formerly produced this syntax.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>COMMENT ON</> for casts, conversions, languages,
- operator classes, and large objects (Christopher)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new server configuration parameter <varname>default_with_oids</> to
- control whether tables are created with <type>OID</>s by default (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows administrators to control whether <command>CREATE
- TABLE</command> commands create tables with or without <type>OID</>
- columns by default. (Note: the current factory default setting for
- <varname>default_with_oids</> is <literal>TRUE</>, but the default
- will become <literal>FALSE</> in future releases.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>WITH</> / <option>WITHOUT OIDS</> clause to
- <command>CREATE TABLE AS</command> (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN</> to drop an <type>OID</>
- column (<command>ALTER TABLE SET WITHOUT OIDS</> still works)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow composite types as table columns (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>ALTER ... ADD COLUMN</> with defaults and
- <option>NOT NULL</> constraints; works per SQL spec (Rod)
- </para>
- <para>
- It is now possible for <option>ADD COLUMN</> to create a column
- that is not initially filled with NULLs, but with a specified
- default value.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> to change column's type (Rod)
- </para>
- <para>
- It is now possible to alter a column's data type without dropping
- and re-adding the column.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow multiple <command>ALTER</> actions in a single <command>ALTER
- TABLE</command> command (Rod)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is particularly useful for <command>ALTER</> commands that
- rewrite the table (which include <option>ALTER COLUMN TYPE</> and
- <option>ADD COLUMN</> with a default). By grouping
- <command>ALTER</> commands together, the table need be rewritten
- only once.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>ALTER TABLE</command> to add <type>SERIAL</type>
- columns (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This falls out from the new capability of specifying defaults for new
- columns.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow changing the owners of aggregates, conversions, databases,
- functions, operators, operator classes, schemas, types, and tablespaces
- (Christopher, Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously this required modifying the system tables directly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow temporary object creation to be limited to <option>SECURITY
- DEFINER</> functions (Sean Chittenden)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>ALTER TABLE ... SET WITHOUT CLUSTER</> (Christopher)
- </para>
- <para>
- Prior to this release, there was no way to clear an auto-cluster
- specification except to modify the system tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Constraint/Index/<type>SERIAL</> names are now
- <replaceable>table_column_type</>
- with numbers appended to guarantee uniqueness within the schema
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The SQL specification states that such names should be unique
- within a schema.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>pg_get_serial_sequence()</> to return a
- <type>SERIAL</> column's sequence name (Christopher)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows automated scripts to reliably find the <type>SERIAL</>
- sequence name.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Warn when primary/foreign key data type mismatch requires costly lookup
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <command>ALTER INDEX</> command to allow moving of indexes
- between tablespaces (Gavin)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>ALTER TABLE OWNER</> change dependent sequence
- ownership too (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>CREATE SCHEMA</command> to create triggers,
- indexes, and sequences (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>ALSO</> keyword to <command>CREATE RULE</command> (Fabien
- Coelho)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows <option>ALSO</> to be added to rule creation to contrast it with
- <option>INSTEAD</> rules.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>NOWAIT</> option to <command>LOCK</command> (Tatsuo)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows the <command>LOCK</command> command to fail if it
- would have to wait for the requested lock.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <command>COPY</command> to read and write
- comma-separated-value (CSV) files (Andrew, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Generate error if the <command>COPY</command> delimiter and NULL
- string conflict (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>GRANT</command>/<command>REVOKE</command> behavior
- follows the SQL spec more closely
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid locking conflict between <command>CREATE INDEX</command>
- and <command>CHECKPOINT</command> (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- In 7.3 and 7.4, a long-running B-tree index build could block concurrent
- <command>CHECKPOINT</>s from completing, thereby causing WAL bloat because the
- WAL log could not be recycled.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Database-wide <command>ANALYZE</command> does not hold locks
- across tables (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This reduces the potential for deadlocks against other backends
- that want exclusive locks on tables. To get the benefit of this
- change, do not execute database-wide <command>ANALYZE</command>
- inside a transaction block (<command>BEGIN</command> block); it
- must be able to commit and start a new transaction for each
- table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>REINDEX</command> does not exclusively lock the index's
- parent table anymore
- </para>
- <para>
- The index itself is still exclusively locked, but readers of the
- table can continue if they are not using the particular index
- being rebuilt.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Erase MD5 user passwords when a user is renamed (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> uses the user name as salt
- when encrypting passwords via MD5. When a user's name is changed,
- the salt will no longer match the stored MD5 password, so the
- stored password becomes useless. In this release a notice is
- generated and the password is cleared. A new password must then
- be assigned if the user is to be able to log in with a password.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <application>pg_ctl</> <option>kill</> option for Windows (Andrew)
- </para>
- <para>
- Windows does not have a <literal>kill</> command to send signals to
- backends so this capability was added to <application>pg_ctl</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Information schema improvements
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>--pwfile</> option to
- <application>initdb</application> so the initial password can be
- set by GUI tools (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Detect locale/encoding mismatch in
- <application>initdb</application> (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>register</> command to <application>pg_ctl</> to
- register Windows operating system service (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Data Type and Function Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More complete support for composite types (row types) (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Composite values can be used in many places where only scalar values
- worked before.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reject nonrectangular array values as erroneous (Joe)
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly, <function>array_in</> would silently build a
- surprising result.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overflow in integer arithmetic operations is now detected (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The arithmetic operators associated with the single-byte
- <type>"char"</> data type have been removed.
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly, the parser would select these operators in many situations
- where an <quote>unable to select an operator</> error would be more
- appropriate, such as <literal>null * null</>. If you actually want
- to do arithmetic on a <type>"char"</> column, you can cast it to
- integer explicitly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Syntax checking of array input values considerably tightened up (Joe)
- </para>
- <para>
- Junk that was previously allowed in odd places with odd results
- now causes an <literal>ERROR</>, for example, non-whitespace
- after the closing right brace.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Empty-string array element values must now be written as
- <literal>""</>, rather than writing nothing (Joe)
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly, both ways of writing an empty-string element value were
- allowed, but now a quoted empty string is required. The case where
- nothing at all appears will probably be considered to be a NULL
- element value in some future release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Array element trailing whitespace is now ignored (Joe)
- </para>
- <para>
- Formerly leading whitespace was ignored, but trailing whitespace
- between an element value and the delimiter or right brace was
- significant. Now trailing whitespace is also ignored.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Emit array values with explicit array bounds when lower bound is not one
- (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Accept <literal>YYYY-monthname-DD</> as a date string (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>netmask</> and <function>hostmask</> functions
- return maximum-length mask length (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change factorial function to return <type>numeric</type> (Gavin)
- </para>
- <para>
- Returning <type>numeric</type> allows the factorial function to
- work for a wider range of input values.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>to_char</>/<function>to_date()</> date conversion
- improvements (Kurt Roeckx, Fabien Coelho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>length()</> disregard trailing spaces in
- <type>CHAR(n)</> (Gavin)
- </para>
- <para>
- This change was made to improve consistency: trailing spaces are
- semantically insignificant in <type>CHAR(n)</> data, so they
- should not be counted by <function>length()</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Warn about empty string being passed to
- <type>OID</>/<type>float4</>/<type>float8</> data types (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- 8.1 will throw an error instead.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow leading or trailing whitespace in
- <type>int2</>/<type>int4</>/<type>int8</>/<type>float4</>/<type>float8</>
- input routines
- (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Better support for IEEE <literal>Infinity</> and <literal>NaN</>
- values in <type>float4</type>/<type>float8</type> (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- These should now work on all platforms that support IEEE-compliant
- floating point arithmetic.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>week</> option to <function>date_trunc()</> (Robert Creager)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>to_char</function> for <literal>1 BC</>
- (previously it returned <literal>1 AD</>) (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>date_part(year)</> for BC dates (previously it
- returned one less than the correct year) (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>date_part()</> to return the proper millennium and
- century (Fabien Coelho)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous versions, the century and millennium results had a wrong
- number and started in the wrong year, as compared to standard
- reckoning of such things.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>ceiling()</> as an alias for <function>ceil()</>,
- and <function>power()</> as an alias for <function>pow()</> for
- standards compliance (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <function>ln()</>, <function>log()</>,
- <function>power()</>, and <function>sqrt()</> to emit the correct
- <literal>SQLSTATE</> error codes for certain error conditions, as
- specified by SQL:2003 (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>width_bucket()</> function as defined by SQL:2003 (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>generate_series()</> functions to simplify working
- with numeric sets (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <function>upper/lower/initcap()</> functions to work with
- multibyte encodings (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add boolean and bitwise integer <option>AND</>/<option>OR</>
- aggregates (Fabien Coelho)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New session information functions to return network addresses for client
- and server (Sean Chittenden)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add function to determine the area of a closed path (Sean Chittenden)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add function to send cancel request to other backends (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <type>interval</> plus <type>datetime</> operators (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The reverse ordering, <type>datetime</> plus <type>interval</>,
- was already supported, but both are required by the SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Casting an integer to <type>BIT(N)</> selects the rightmost N bits
- of the integer
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, the leftmost N bits were selected, but this was
- deemed unhelpful, not to mention inconsistent with casting from bit
- to int.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require <type>CIDR</> values to have all nonmasked bits be zero
- (Kevin Brintnall)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server-Side Language Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In <literal>READ COMMITTED</> serialization mode, volatile functions
- now see the results of concurrent transactions committed up to the
- beginning of each statement within the function, rather than up to the
- beginning of the interactive command that called the function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Functions declared <literal>STABLE</> or <literal>IMMUTABLE</> always
- use the snapshot of the calling query, and therefore do not see the
- effects of actions taken after the calling query starts, whether in
- their own transaction or other transactions. Such a function must be
- read-only, too, meaning that it cannot use any SQL commands other than
- <command>SELECT</>. There is a considerable performance gain from
- declaring a function <literal>STABLE</> or <literal>IMMUTABLE</>
- rather than <literal>VOLATILE</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Nondeferred <option>AFTER</> triggers are now fired immediately
- after completion of the triggering query, rather than upon
- finishing the current interactive command. This makes a difference
- when the triggering query occurred within a function: the trigger
- is invoked before the function proceeds to its next operation. For
- example, if a function inserts a new row into a table, any
- nondeferred foreign key checks occur before proceeding with the
- function.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow function parameters to be declared with names (Dennis Björklund)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows better documentation of functions. Whether the names
- actually do anything depends on the specific function language
- being used.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow PL/pgSQL parameter names to be referenced in the function (Dennis Björklund)
- </para>
- <para>
- This basically creates an automatic alias for each named parameter.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Do minimal syntax checking of PL/pgSQL functions at creation time (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows us to catch simple syntax errors sooner.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More support for composite types (row and record variables) in PL/pgSQL
- </para>
- <para>
- For example, it now works to pass a rowtype variable to another function
- as a single variable.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Default values for PL/pgSQL variables can now reference previously
- declared variables
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve parsing of PL/pgSQL FOR loops (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Parsing is now driven by presence of <literal>".."</> rather than
- data type of <option>FOR</> variable. This makes no difference for
- correct functions, but should result in more understandable error
- messages when a mistake is made.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Major overhaul of PL/Perl server-side language (Command Prompt, Andrew Dunstan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In PL/Tcl, SPI commands are now run in subtransactions. If an error
- occurs, the subtransaction is cleaned up and the error is reported
- as an ordinary Tcl error, which can be trapped with <literal>catch</>.
- Formerly, it was not possible to catch such errors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Accept <command>ELSEIF</> in PL/pgSQL (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- Previously PL/pgSQL only allowed <command>ELSIF</>, but many people
- are accustomed to spelling this keyword <command>ELSEIF</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>psql</> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>psql</> information display about database
- objects (Christopher)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>psql</> to display group membership in
- <command>\du</> and <command>\dg</> (Markus Bertheau)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <application>psql</> <command>\dn</command> from showing
- temporary schemas (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>psql</> to handle tilde user expansion for file
- names (Zach Irmen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>psql</> to display fancy prompts, including
- color, via <application>readline</> (Reece Hart, Chet Ramey)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <application>psql</> <command>\copy</> match <command>COPY</command> command syntax
- fully (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Show the location of syntax errors (Fabien Coelho, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <command>CLUSTER</command> information to <application>psql</>
- <command>\d</> display
- (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <application>psql</> <command>\copy stdin/stdout</> to read
- from command input/output (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>pstdin</>/<option>pstdout</> to read from
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>stdin</>/<literal>stdout</> (Mark
- Feit)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add global <application>psql</> configuration file, <filename>psqlrc.sample</filename>
- (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows a central file where global <application>psql</> startup commands can
- be stored.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <application>psql</> <command>\d+</> indicate if the table
- has an <type>OID</> column (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- On Windows, use binary mode in <application>psql</> when reading files so control-Z
- is not seen as end-of-file
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <command>\dn+</> show permissions and description for schemas (Dennis
- Björklund)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve tab completion support (Stefan Kaltenbrunn, Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow boolean settings to be set using upper or lower case (Michael Paesold)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>pg_dump</> Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use dependency information to improve the reliability of
- <application>pg_dump</> (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This should solve the longstanding problems with related objects
- sometimes being dumped in the wrong order.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <application>pg_dump</> output objects in alphabetical order if possible (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This should make it easier to identify changes between
- dump files.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <application>pg_restore</> to ignore some SQL errors (Fabien Coelho)
- </para>
- <para>
- This makes <application>pg_restore</>'s behavior similar to the
- results of feeding a <application>pg_dump</> output script to
- <application>psql</>. In most cases, ignoring errors and plowing
- ahead is the most useful thing to do. Also added was a pg_restore
- option to give the old behavior of exiting on an error.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>pg_restore</> <option>-l</> display now includes
- objects' schema names
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New begin/end markers in <application>pg_dump</> text output (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add start/stop times for
- <application>pg_dump</>/<application>pg_dumpall</> in verbose mode
- (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow most <application>pg_dump</> options in
- <application>pg_dumpall</> (Christopher)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <application>pg_dump</> use <command>ALTER OWNER</> rather
- than <command>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</> by default
- (Christopher)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>libpq Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make libpq's <option>SIGPIPE</> handling thread-safe (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>PQmbdsplen()</> which returns the display length
- of a character (Tatsuo)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add thread locking to <application>SSL</> and
- <application>Kerberos</> connections (Manfred Spraul)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <function>PQoidValue()</>, <function>PQcmdTuples()</>, and
- <function>PQoidStatus()</> to work on <command>EXECUTE</command>
- commands (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>PQserverVersion()</> to provide more convenient
- access to the server version number (Greg Sabino Mullane)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <function>PQprepare/PQsendPrepared()</> functions to support
- preparing statements without necessarily specifying the data types
- of their parameters (Abhijit Menon-Sen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many ECPG improvements, including <command>SET DESCRIPTOR</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow the database server to run natively on Windows (Claudio, Magnus, Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Shell script commands converted to C versions for Windows support (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Create an extension makefile framework (Fabien Coelho, Peter)
- </para>
- <para>
- This simplifies the task of building extensions outside the original
- source tree.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support relocatable installations (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Directory paths for installed files (such as the
- <filename>/share</> directory) are now computed relative to the
- actual location of the executables, so that an installation tree
- can be moved to another place without reconfiguring and
- rebuilding.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use <option>--with-docdir</> to choose installation location of documentation; also
- allow <option>--infodir</> (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <option>--without-docdir</> to prevent installation of documentation (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Upgrade to <application>DocBook</> V4.2 SGML (Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <literal>PostgreSQL</> <application>CVS</> tag (Marc)
- </para>
- <para>
- This was done to make it easier for organizations to manage their
- own copies of the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
- <application>CVS</> repository. File version stamps from the master
- repository will not get munged by checking into or out of a copied
- repository.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clarify locking code (Manfred Koizar)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Buffer manager cleanup (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Decouple platform tests from CPU spinlock code (Bruce, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add inlined test-and-set code on PA-RISC for <application>gcc</>
- (ViSolve, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve i386 spinlock code (Manfred Spraul)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Clean up spinlock assembly code to avoid warnings from newer
- <application>gcc</> releases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove JDBC from source tree; now a separate project
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove the libpgtcl client interface; now a separate project
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- More accurately estimate memory and file descriptor usage (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improvements to the Mac OS X startup scripts (Ray A.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <function>fsync()</> test program (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Major documentation improvements (Neil, Peter)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <application>pg_encoding</application>; not needed
- anymore
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <application>pg_id</application>; not needed anymore
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove <application>initlocation</application>; not needed
- anymore
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Auto-detect thread flags (no more manual testing) (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use Olson's public domain <application>timezone</> library (Magnus)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- With threading enabled, use thread flags on Unixware for
- backend executables too (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Unixware cannot mix threaded and nonthreaded object files in the
- same executable, so everything must be compiled as threaded.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>psql</> now uses a <application>flex</>-generated
- lexical analyzer to process command strings
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Reimplement the linked list data structure used throughout the
- backend (Neil)
- </para>
- <para>
- This improves performance by allowing list append and length
- operations to be more efficient.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow dynamically loaded modules to create their own server configuration
- parameters (Thomas Hallgren)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New Brazilian version of FAQ (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add French FAQ (Guillaume Lelarge)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <application>pgevent</> for Windows logging
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make libpq and ECPG build as proper shared libraries on OS X (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib Changes</title>
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Overhaul of <filename>contrib/dblink</> (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>contrib/dbmirror</> improvements (Steven Singer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <filename>contrib/xml2</> (John Gray, Torchbox)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Updated <filename>contrib/mysql</filename>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New version of <filename>contrib/btree_gist</> (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <filename>contrib/trgm</>, trigram matching for
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> improvements (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add double metaphone to <filename>contrib/fuzzystrmatch</> (Andrew)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <filename>contrib/pg_autovacuum</> to run as a Windows service (Dave Page)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add functions to <filename>contrib/dbsize</> (Andreas Pflug)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Removed <filename>contrib/pg_logger</>: obsoleted by integrated logging
- subprocess
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Removed <filename>contrib/rserv</>: obsoleted by various separate projects
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-25">
- <title>Release 7.4.25</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-03-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.24.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.25</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11,
- see the release notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent error recursion crashes when encoding conversion fails (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This change extends fixes made in the last two minor releases for
- related failure scenarios. The previous fixes were narrowly tailored
- for the original problem reports, but we have now recognized that
- <emphasis>any</> error thrown by an encoding conversion function could
- potentially lead to infinite recursion while trying to report the
- error. The solution therefore is to disable translation and encoding
- conversion and report the plain-ASCII form of any error message,
- if we find we have gotten into a recursive error reporting situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow <command>CREATE CONVERSION</> with the wrong encodings
- for the specified conversion function (Heikki)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This prevents one possible scenario for encoding conversion failure.
- The previous change is a backstop to guard against other kinds of
- failures in the same area.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix core dump when <function>to_char()</> is given format codes that
- are inappropriate for the type of the data argument (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>MUST</> (Mauritius Island Summer Time) to the default list
- of known timezone abbreviations (Xavier Bugaud)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-24">
- <title>Release 7.4.24</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2009-02-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.23.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.24</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11,
- see the release notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of URLs in <function>headline()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of overlength headlines in <function>headline()</>
- function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent possible Assert failure or misconversion if an encoding
- conversion is created with the wrong conversion function for the
- specified pair of encodings (Tom, Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid unnecessary locking of small tables in <command>VACUUM</>
- (Heikki)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix uninitialized variables in <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>'s
- <function>get_covers()</> function (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in <function>to_char()</>'s handling of <literal>TH</>
- format codes (Andreas Scherbaum)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make all documentation reference <literal>pgsql-bugs</> and/or
- <literal>pgsql-hackers</> as appropriate, instead of the
- now-decommissioned <literal>pgsql-ports</> and <literal>pgsql-patches</>
- mailing lists (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-23">
- <title>Release 7.4.23</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-11-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.22.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.23</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11,
- see the release notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix backend crash when the client encoding cannot represent a localized
- error message (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- We have addressed similar issues before, but it would still fail if
- the <quote>character has no equivalent</> message itself couldn't
- be converted. The fix is to disable localization and send the plain
- ASCII error message when we detect such a situation.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect tsearch2 headline generation when single query
- item matches first word of text (Sushant Sinha)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix improper display of fractional seconds in interval values when
- using a non-ISO datestyle in an <option>--enable-integer-datetimes</>
- build (Ron Mayer)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ensure <function>SPI_getvalue</> and <function>SPI_getbinval</>
- behave correctly when the passed tuple and tuple descriptor have
- different numbers of columns (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This situation is normal when a table has had columns added or removed,
- but these two functions didn't handle it properly.
- The only likely consequence is an incorrect error indication.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>ecpg</>'s parsing of <command>CREATE USER</> (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-22">
- <title>Release 7.4.22</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-09-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.21.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.22</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11,
- see the release notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix datetime input functions to correctly detect integer overflow when
- running on a 64-bit platform (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of writing very long log messages to syslog (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bug in backwards scanning of a cursor on a <literal>SELECT DISTINCT
- ON</> query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner to estimate that <literal>GROUP BY</> expressions yielding
- boolean results always result in two groups, regardless of the
- expressions' contents (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is very substantially more accurate than the regular <literal>GROUP
- BY</> estimate for certain boolean tests like <replaceable>col</>
- <literal>IS NULL</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <application>pg_dump</> and <application>pg_restore</>'s
- error reporting after failure to send a SQL command (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-21">
- <title>Release 7.4.21</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-06-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious bug fix over 7.4.20.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.21</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11,
- see the release notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_ruledef()</> parenthesize negative constants (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Before this fix, a negative constant in a view or rule might be dumped
- as, say, <literal>-42::integer</>, which is subtly incorrect: it should
- be <literal>(-42)::integer</> due to operator precedence rules.
- Usually this would make little difference, but it could interact with
- another recent patch to cause
- <productname>PostgreSQL</> to reject what had been a valid
- <command>SELECT DISTINCT</> view query. Since this could result in
- <application>pg_dump</> output failing to reload, it is being treated
- as a high-priority fix. The only released versions in which dump
- output is actually incorrect are 8.3.1 and 8.2.7.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-20">
- <title>Release 7.4.20</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>never released</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.19.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.20</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- However, if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11,
- see the release notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix conversions between ISO-8859-5 and other encodings to handle
- Cyrillic <quote>Yo</> characters (<literal>e</> and <literal>E</> with
- two dots) (Sergey Burladyan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a few datatype input functions
- that were allowing unused bytes in their results to contain
- uninitialized, unpredictable values (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This could lead to failures in which two apparently identical literal
- values were not seen as equal, resulting in the parser complaining
- about unmatched <literal>ORDER BY</> and <literal>DISTINCT</>
- expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix a corner case in regular-expression substring matching
- (<literal>substring(<replaceable>string</> from
- <replaceable>pattern</>)</literal>) (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The problem occurs when there is a match to the pattern overall but
- the user has specified a parenthesized subexpression and that
- subexpression hasn't got a match. An example is
- <literal>substring('foo' from 'foo(bar)?')</>.
- This should return NULL, since <literal>(bar)</> isn't matched, but
- it was mistakenly returning the whole-pattern match instead (ie,
- <literal>foo</>).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix incorrect result from <application>ecpg</>'s
- <function>PGTYPEStimestamp_sub()</> function (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <literal>DatumGetBool</> macro to not fail with <application>gcc</>
- 4.3 (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This problem affects <quote>old style</> (V0) C functions that
- return boolean. The fix is already in 8.3, but the need to
- back-patch it was not realized at the time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix longstanding <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</>
- race condition (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In rare cases a session that had just executed a
- <command>LISTEN</> might not get a notification, even though
- one would be expected because the concurrent transaction executing
- <command>NOTIFY</> was observed to commit later.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- A side effect of the fix is that a transaction that has executed
- a not-yet-committed <command>LISTEN</> command will not see any
- row in <structname>pg_listener</> for the <command>LISTEN</>,
- should it choose to look; formerly it would have. This behavior
- was never documented one way or the other, but it is possible that
- some applications depend on the old behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix display of constant expressions in <literal>ORDER BY</>
- and <literal>GROUP BY</> (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- An explictly casted constant would be shown incorrectly. This could
- for example lead to corruption of a view definition during
- dump and reload.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <application>libpq</> to handle NOTICE messages correctly
- during COPY OUT (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This failure has only been observed to occur when a user-defined
- datatype's output routine issues a NOTICE, but there is no
- guarantee it couldn't happen due to other causes.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-19">
- <title>Release 7.4.19</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.18,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.19</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Repair assorted bugs in the regular-expression package (Tom, Will Drewry)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Suitably crafted regular-expression patterns could cause crashes,
- infinite or near-infinite looping, and/or massive memory consumption,
- all of which pose denial-of-service hazards for applications that
- accept regex search patterns from untrustworthy sources.
- (CVE-2007-4769, CVE-2007-4772, CVE-2007-6067)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 7.4.18 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix planner failure in some cases of <literal>WHERE false AND var IN
- (SELECT ...)</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PL/Python to not crash on long exception messages (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>ecpg</> parser fixes (Michael)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <type>tsvector</> and <type>tsquery</> output routines to
- escape backslashes correctly (Teodor, Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash of <function>to_tsvector()</> on huge input strings (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-18">
- <title>Release 7.4.18</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains fixes from 7.4.17.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.18</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix excessive logging of <acronym>SSL</> error messages (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent <command>CLUSTER</> from failing
- due to attempting to process temporary tables of other sessions (Alvaro)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-17">
- <title>Release 7.4.17</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains fixes from 7.4.16,
- including a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.17</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>/contrib/tsearch2</> crash fixes (Teodor)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix PANIC during enlargement of a hash index (bug introduced in 7.4.15)
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-16">
- <title>Release 7.4.16</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.15, including
- a security fix.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.16</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerability that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The vulnerability involves suppressing the normal check that a SQL
- function returns the data type it's declared to, or changing the
- data type of a table column used in a SQL function (CVE-2007-0555).
- This error can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix for rare Assert() crash triggered by <literal>UNION</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-15">
- <title>Release 7.4.15</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.14.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.15</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve handling of <function>getaddrinfo()</> on AIX (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This fixes a problem with starting the statistics collector,
- among other things.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix <quote>failed to re-find parent key</> errors in
- <command>VACUUM</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix bugs affecting multi-gigabyte hash indexes (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix error when constructing an <literal>ARRAY[]</> made up of multiple
- empty elements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>to_number()</> and <function>to_char(numeric)</>
- are now <literal>STABLE</>, not <literal>IMMUTABLE</>, for
- new <application>initdb</> installs (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is because <varname>lc_numeric</> can potentially
- change the output of these functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-14">
- <title>Release 7.4.14</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-10-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.13.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.14</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump when an untyped literal is taken as
-ANYARRAY</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>string_to_array()</> to handle overlapping
- matches for the separator string</para>
-<para>For example, <literal>string_to_array('123xx456xxx789', 'xx')</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner cases in pattern matching for
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>\d</> commands</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix index-corrupting bugs in /contrib/ltree
- (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix backslash escaping in /contrib/dbmirror</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Adjust regression tests for recent changes in US DST laws
-</para> </listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-13">
- <title>Release 7.4.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-05-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.12,
- including patches for extremely serious security issues.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Full security against the SQL-injection attacks described in
- CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314 might require changes in application
- code. If you have applications that embed untrustworthy strings
- into SQL commands, you should examine them as soon as possible to
- ensure that they are using recommended escaping techniques. In
- most cases, applications should be using subroutines provided by
- libraries or drivers (such as <application>libpq</>'s
- <function>PQescapeStringConn()</>) to perform string escaping,
- rather than relying on <foreignphrase>ad hoc</> code to do it.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change the server to reject invalidly-encoded multibyte
-characters in all cases (Tatsuo, Tom)</para>
-<para>While <productname>PostgreSQL</> has been moving in this direction for
-some time, the checks are now applied uniformly to all encodings and all
-textual input, and are now always errors not merely warnings. This change
-defends against SQL-injection attacks of the type described in CVE-2006-2313.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Reject unsafe uses of <literal>\'</> in string literals</para>
-<para>As a server-side defense against SQL-injection attacks of the type
-described in CVE-2006-2314, the server now only accepts <literal>''</> and not
-<literal>\'</> as a representation of ASCII single quote in SQL string
-literals. By default, <literal>\'</> is rejected only when
-<varname>client_encoding</> is set to a client-only encoding (SJIS, BIG5, GBK,
-GB18030, or UHC), which is the scenario in which SQL injection is possible.
-A new configuration parameter <varname>backslash_quote</> is available to
-adjust this behavior when needed. Note that full security against
-CVE-2006-2314 might require client-side changes; the purpose of
-<varname>backslash_quote</> is in part to make it obvious that insecure
-clients are insecure.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Modify <application>libpq</>'s string-escaping routines to be
-aware of encoding considerations and
-<varname>standard_conforming_strings</></para>
-<para>This fixes <application>libpq</>-using applications for the security
-issues described in CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314, and also future-proofs
-them against the planned changeover to SQL-standard string literal syntax.
-Applications that use multiple <productname>PostgreSQL</> connections
-concurrently should migrate to <function>PQescapeStringConn()</> and
-<function>PQescapeByteaConn()</> to ensure that escaping is done correctly
-for the settings in use in each database connection. Applications that
-do string escaping <quote>by hand</> should be modified to rely on library
-routines instead.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix some incorrect encoding conversion functions</para>
-<para><function>win1251_to_iso</>, <function>alt_to_iso</>,
-<function>euc_tw_to_big5</>, <function>euc_tw_to_mic</>,
-<function>mic_to_euc_tw</> were all broken to varying
-extents.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Clean up stray remaining uses of <literal>\'</> in strings
-(Bruce, Jan)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug that sometimes caused OR'd index scans to
-miss rows they should have returned</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix WAL replay for case where a btree index has been
-truncated</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <literal>SIMILAR TO</> for patterns involving
-<literal>|</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix server to use custom DH SSL parameters correctly (Michael
-Fuhr)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for Bonjour on Intel Macs (Ashley Clark)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix various minor memory leaks</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-12">
- <title>Release 7.4.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-02-14</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.11.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.11, see the release
- notes for 7.4.11.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix potential crash in <command>SET
-SESSION AUTHORIZATION</> (CVE-2006-0553)</para>
-<para>An unprivileged user could crash the server process, resulting in
-momentary denial of service to other users, if the server has been compiled
-with Asserts enabled (which is not the default).
-Thanks to Akio Ishida for reporting this problem.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug with row visibility logic in self-inserted
-rows (Tom)</para>
-<para>Under rare circumstances a row inserted by the current command
-could be seen as already valid, when it should not be. Repairs bug
-created in 7.4.9 and 7.3.11 releases.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition that could lead to <quote>file already
-exists</> errors during pg_clog file creation
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Properly check <literal>DOMAIN</> constraints for
-<literal>UNKNOWN</> parameters in prepared statements
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix to allow restoring dumps that have cross-schema
-references to custom operators (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Portability fix for testing presence of <function>finite</>
-and <function>isinf</> during configure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-11">
- <title>Release 7.4.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-01-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.10.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.8, see the release
- notes for 7.4.8.
- Also, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the locale or
- <application>plperl</> issues described below.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix for protocol-level Describe messages issued
-outside a transaction or in a failed transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix character string comparison for locales that consider
-different character combinations as equal, such as Hungarian (Tom)</para>
-<para>This might require <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Set locale environment variables during postmaster startup
-to ensure that <application>plperl</> won't change the locale later</para>
-<para>This fixes a problem that occurred if the <application>postmaster</> was
-started with environment variables specifying a different locale than what
-<application>initdb</> had been told. Under these conditions, any use of
-<application>plperl</> was likely to lead to corrupt indexes. You might need
-<command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns if this has happened to you.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding bug in strpos() and regular expression
-handling in certain rarely used Asian multi-byte character sets (Tatsuo)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in <filename>/contrib/pgcrypto</> gen_salt,
-which caused it not to use all available salt space for MD5 and
-XDES algorithms (Marko Kreen, Solar Designer)</para>
-<para>Salts for Blowfish and standard DES are unaffected.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to throw an error,
-rather than crashing, when the number of columns specified is different from
-what's actually returned by the query (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-10">
- <title>Release 7.4.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-12-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.9.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.8, see the release
- notes for 7.4.8.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition in transaction log management</para>
-<para>There was a narrow window in which an I/O operation could be initiated
-for the wrong page, leading to an Assert failure or data
-corruption.</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent failure if client sends Bind protocol message
-when current transaction is already aborted</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para><filename>/contrib/ltree</> fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>AIX and HPUX compile fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding planning error for outer joins</para>
-<para>This bug sometimes caused a bogus error <quote>RIGHT JOIN is
-only supported with merge-joinable join conditions</>.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent core dump in <application>pg_autovacuum</> when a
-table has been dropped</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-9">
- <title>Release 7.4.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-10-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.8.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.4.8, see the release
- notes for 7.4.8.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix error that allowed <command>VACUUM</> to remove
-<literal>ctid</> chains too soon, and add more checking in code that follows
-<literal>ctid</> links</para>
-<para>This fixes a long-standing problem that could cause crashes in very rare
-circumstances.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <type>CHAR()</> to properly pad spaces to the specified
-length when using a multiple-byte character set (Yoshiyuki Asaba)</para>
-<para>In prior releases, the padding of <type>CHAR()</> was incorrect
-because it only padded to the specified number of bytes without
-considering how many characters were stored.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix the sense of the test for read-only transaction
-in <command>COPY</></para>
-<para>The code formerly prohibited <command>COPY TO</>, where it should
-prohibit <command>COPY FROM</>.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planning problem with outer-join ON clauses that reference
-only the inner-side relation</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Further fixes for <literal>x FULL JOIN y ON true</> corner
-cases</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <function>array_in</> and <function>array_recv</> more
-paranoid about validating their OID parameter</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix missing rows in queries like <literal>UPDATE a=... WHERE
-a...</> with GiST index on column <literal>a</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve robustness of datetime parsing</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve checking for partially-written WAL
-pages</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve robustness of signal handling when SSL is
-enabled</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Don't try to open more than <literal>max_files_per_process</>
-files during postmaster startup</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various memory leakage fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various portability improvements</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix PL/PgSQL to handle <literal>var := var</> correctly when
-the variable is of pass-by-reference type</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> to use current Snowball
-code</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-8">
- <title>Release 7.4.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-05-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.7, including several
- security-related issues.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- it is one possible way of handling two significant security problems
- that have been found in the initial contents of 7.4.X system
- catalogs. A dump/initdb/reload sequence using 7.4.8's initdb will
- automatically correct these problems.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The larger security problem is that the built-in character set encoding
- conversion functions can be invoked from SQL commands by unprivileged
- users, but the functions were not designed for such use and are not
- secure against malicious choices of arguments. The fix involves changing
- the declared parameter list of these functions so that they can no longer
- be invoked from SQL commands. (This does not affect their normal use
- by the encoding conversion machinery.)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The lesser problem is that the <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> module
- creates several functions that are misdeclared to return
- <type>internal</> when they do not accept <type>internal</> arguments.
- This breaks type safety for all functions using <type>internal</>
- arguments.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- It is strongly recommended that all installations repair these errors,
- either by initdb or by following the manual repair procedures given
- below. The errors at least allow unprivileged database users to crash
- their server process, and might allow unprivileged users to gain the
- privileges of a database superuser.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If you wish not to do an initdb, perform the following procedures instead.
- As the database superuser, do:
-
-<programlisting>
-BEGIN;
-UPDATE pg_proc SET proargtypes[3] = 'internal'::regtype
-WHERE pronamespace = 11 AND pronargs = 5
- AND proargtypes[2] = 'cstring'::regtype;
--- The command should report having updated 90 rows;
--- if not, rollback and investigate instead of committing!
-COMMIT;
-</programlisting>
-
- Next, if you have installed <filename>contrib/tsearch2</>, do:
-
-<programlisting>
-BEGIN;
-UPDATE pg_proc SET proargtypes[0] = 'internal'::regtype
-WHERE oid IN (
- 'dex_init(text)'::regprocedure,
- 'snb_en_init(text)'::regprocedure,
- 'snb_ru_init(text)'::regprocedure,
- 'spell_init(text)'::regprocedure,
- 'syn_init(text)'::regprocedure
-);
--- The command should report having updated 5 rows;
--- if not, rollback and investigate instead of committing!
-COMMIT;
-</programlisting>
-
- If this command fails with a message like <quote>function
- "dex_init(text)" does not exist</>, then either <filename>tsearch2</>
- is not installed in this database, or you already did the update.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The above procedures must be carried out in <emphasis>each</> database
- of an installation, including <literal>template1</>, and ideally
- including <literal>template0</> as well. If you do not fix the
- template databases then any subsequently created databases will contain
- the same errors. <literal>template1</> can be fixed in the same way
- as any other database, but fixing <literal>template0</> requires
- additional steps. First, from any database issue:
-<programlisting>
-UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = true WHERE datname = 'template0';
-</programlisting>
- Next connect to <literal>template0</> and perform the above repair
- procedures. Finally, do:
-<programlisting>
--- re-freeze template0:
-VACUUM FREEZE;
--- and protect it against future alterations:
-UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = false WHERE datname = 'template0';
-</programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change encoding function signature to prevent
-misuse</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Change <filename>contrib/tsearch2</> to avoid unsafe use of
-<type>INTERNAL</> function results</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair ancient race condition that allowed a transaction to be
-seen as committed for some purposes (eg SELECT FOR UPDATE) slightly sooner
-than for other purposes</para>
-<para>This is an extremely serious bug since it could lead to apparent
-data inconsistencies being briefly visible to applications.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair race condition between relation extension and
-VACUUM</para>
-<para>This could theoretically have caused loss of a page's worth of
-freshly-inserted data, although the scenario seems of very low probability.
-There are no known cases of it having caused more than an Assert failure.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix comparisons of <type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para>
-<para>
-The comparison code was wrong in the case where the
-<literal>--enable-integer-datetimes</> configuration switch had been used.
-NOTE: if you have an index on a <type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> column,
-it will need to be <command>REINDEX</>ed after installing this update, because
-the fix corrects the sort order of column values.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH)</> for
-<type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mis-display of negative fractional seconds in
-<type>INTERVAL</> values</para>
-<para>
-This error only occurred when the
-<literal>--enable-integer-datetimes</> configuration switch had been used.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure operations done during backend shutdown are counted by
-statistics collector</para>
-<para>
-This is expected to resolve reports of <application>pg_autovacuum</>
-not vacuuming the system catalogs often enough — it was not being
-told about catalog deletions caused by temporary table removal during
-backend exit.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Additional buffer overrun checks in plpgsql
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix pg_dump to dump trigger names containing <literal>%</>
-correctly (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> for newer OpenSSL builds
-(Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Still more 64-bit fixes for
-<filename>contrib/intagg</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent incorrect optimization of functions returning
-<type>RECORD</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent <function>to_char(interval)</> from dumping core for
-month-related formats</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent crash on <literal>COALESCE(NULL,NULL)</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>array_map</> to call PL functions correctly</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix permission checking in <command>ALTER DATABASE RENAME</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>ALTER LANGUAGE RENAME</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <function>RemoveFromWaitQueue</> clean up after itself</para>
-<para>
-This fixes a lock management error that would only be visible if a transaction
-was kicked out of a wait for a lock (typically by query cancel) and then the
-holder of the lock released it within a very narrow window.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with untyped parameter appearing in
-<command>INSERT ... SELECT</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <command>CLUSTER</> failure after
-<command>ALTER TABLE SET WITHOUT OIDS</></para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-7">
- <title>Release 7.4.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-01-31</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.6, including several
- security-related issues.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Disallow <command>LOAD</> to non-superusers</para>
-<para>
-On platforms that will automatically execute initialization functions of a
-shared library (this includes at least Windows and ELF-based Unixen),
-<command>LOAD</> can be used to make the server execute arbitrary code.
-Thanks to NGS Software for reporting this.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Check that creator of an aggregate function has the right to
-execute the specified transition functions</para>
-<para>
-This oversight made it possible to bypass denial of EXECUTE
-permission on a function.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix security and 64-bit issues in
-contrib/intagg</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add needed STRICT marking to some contrib functions (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid buffer overrun when plpgsql cursor declaration has too
-many parameters (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planning error for FULL and RIGHT outer joins</para>
-<para>
-The result of the join was mistakenly supposed to be sorted the same as the
-left input. This could not only deliver mis-sorted output to the user, but
-in case of nested merge joins could give outright wrong answers.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix plperl for quote marks in tuple fields</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix display of negative intervals in SQL and GERMAN
-datestyles</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make age(timestamptz) do calculation in local timezone not
-GMT</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-6">
- <title>Release 7.4.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-10-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.5.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair possible failure to update hint bits on disk</para>
-<para>
-Under rare circumstances this oversight could lead to
-<quote>could not access transaction status</> failures, which qualifies
-it as a potential-data-loss bug.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure that hashed outer join does not miss tuples</para>
-<para>
-Very large left joins using a hash join plan could fail to output unmatched
-left-side rows given just the right data distribution.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow running <application>pg_ctl</> as root</para>
-<para>
-This is to guard against any possible security issues.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid using temp files in <filename>/tmp</> in <command>make_oidjoins_check</command></para>
-<para>
-This has been reported as a security issue, though it's hardly worthy of
-concern since there is no reason for non-developers to use this script anyway.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent forced backend shutdown from re-emitting prior command
-result</para>
-<para>
-In rare cases, a client might think that its last command had succeeded when
-it really had been aborted by forced database shutdown.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair bug in <function>pg_stat_get_backend_idset</function></para>
-<para>
-This could lead to misbehavior in some of the system-statistics views.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix small memory leak in postmaster</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <quote>expected both swapped tables to have TOAST
-tables</> bug</para>
-<para>
-This could arise in cases such as CLUSTER after ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent <literal>pg_ctl restart</> from adding <literal>-D</> multiple times</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with NULL values in GiST indexes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><literal>::</> is no longer interpreted as a variable in an
-ECPG prepare statement</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-5">
- <title>Release 7.4.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-08-18</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one serious bug fix over 7.4.4.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair possible crash during concurrent B-tree index insertions</para>
-<para>
-This patch fixes a rare case in which concurrent insertions into a B-tree index
-could result in a server panic. No permanent damage would result, but it's
-still worth a re-release. The bug does not exist in pre-7.4 releases.
-</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-4">
- <title>Release 7.4.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-08-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.3.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Prevent possible loss of committed transactions during crash</para>
-<para>
-Due to insufficient interlocking between transaction commit and checkpointing,
-it was possible for transactions committed just before the most recent
-checkpoint to be lost, in whole or in part, following a database crash and
-restart. This is a serious bug that has existed
-since <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.1.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Check HAVING restriction before evaluating result list of an
-aggregate plan</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid crash when session's current user ID is deleted</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix hashed crosstab for zero-rows case (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Force cache update after renaming a column in a foreign key</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Pretty-print UNION queries correctly</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make psql handle <literal>\r\n</> newlines properly in COPY IN</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><application>pg_dump</> handled ACLs with grant options incorrectly</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix thread support for OS X and Solaris</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Updated JDBC driver (build 215) with various fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>ECPG fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Translation updates (various contributors)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-3">
- <title>Release 7.4.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-06-14</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.2.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix temporary memory leak when using non-hashed aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>ECPG fixes, including some for Informix compatibility (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for compiling with thread-safety, particularly Solaris (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix error in COPY IN termination when using the old network protocol (ljb)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Several important fixes in pg_autovacuum, including fixes for
-large tables, unsigned oids, stability, temp tables, and debug mode
-(Matthew T. O'Connor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with reading tar-format dumps on NetBSD and BSD/OS (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Several JDBC fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix ALTER SEQUENCE RESTART where last_value equals the restart value (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair failure to recalculate nested sub-selects (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with non-constant expressions in LIMIT/OFFSET</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Support FULL JOIN with no join clause, such as X FULL JOIN Y ON TRUE (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix another zero-column table bug (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve handling of non-qualified identifiers in GROUP BY clauses in sub-selects (Tom)</para>
-<para>
-Select-list aliases within the sub-select will now take precedence over
-names from outer query levels.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Do not generate <quote>NATURAL CROSS JOIN</> when decompiling rules (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add checks for invalid field length in binary COPY (Tom)</para>
-<para>
- This fixes a difficult-to-exploit security hole.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid locking conflict between <command>ANALYZE</command> and <command>LISTEN</command>/<command>NOTIFY</command></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Numerous translation updates (various contributors)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-2">
- <title>Release 7.4.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-03-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.1.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.4.X. However,
- it might be advisable as the easiest method of incorporating fixes for
- two errors that have been found in the initial contents of 7.4.X system
- catalogs. A dump/initdb/reload sequence using 7.4.2's initdb will
- automatically correct these problems.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The more severe of the two errors is that data type <type>anyarray</>
- has the wrong alignment label; this is a problem because the
- <structname>pg_statistic</> system catalog uses <type>anyarray</>
- columns. The mislabeling can cause planner misestimations and even
- crashes when planning queries that involve <literal>WHERE</> clauses on
- double-aligned columns (such as <type>float8</> and <type>timestamp</>).
- It is strongly recommended that all installations repair this error,
- either by initdb or by following the manual repair procedure given
- below.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The lesser error is that the system view <structname>pg_settings</>
- ought to be marked as having public update access, to allow
- <literal>UPDATE pg_settings</> to be used as a substitute for
- <command>SET</>. This can also be fixed either by initdb or manually,
- but it is not necessary to fix unless you want to use <literal>UPDATE
- pg_settings</>.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If you wish not to do an initdb, the following procedure will work
- for fixing <structname>pg_statistic</>. As the database superuser,
- do:
-
-<programlisting>
--- clear out old data in pg_statistic:
-DELETE FROM pg_statistic;
-VACUUM pg_statistic;
--- this should update 1 row:
-UPDATE pg_type SET typalign = 'd' WHERE oid = 2277;
--- this should update 6 rows:
-UPDATE pg_attribute SET attalign = 'd' WHERE atttypid = 2277;
---
--- At this point you MUST start a fresh backend to avoid a crash!
---
--- repopulate pg_statistic:
-ANALYZE;
-</programlisting>
-
- This can be done in a live database, but beware that all backends
- running in the altered database must be restarted before it is safe to
- repopulate <structname>pg_statistic</>.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- To repair the <structname>pg_settings</> error, simply do:
-<programlisting>
-GRANT SELECT, UPDATE ON pg_settings TO PUBLIC;
-</programlisting>
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The above procedures must be carried out in <emphasis>each</> database
- of an installation, including <literal>template1</>, and ideally
- including <literal>template0</> as well. If you do not fix the
- template databases then any subsequently created databases will contain
- the same errors. <literal>template1</> can be fixed in the same way
- as any other database, but fixing <literal>template0</> requires
- additional steps. First, from any database issue:
-<programlisting>
-UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = true WHERE datname = 'template0';
-</programlisting>
- Next connect to <literal>template0</> and perform the above repair
- procedures. Finally, do:
-<programlisting>
--- re-freeze template0:
-VACUUM FREEZE;
--- and protect it against future alterations:
-UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = false WHERE datname = 'template0';
-</programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
- Release 7.4.2 incorporates all the fixes included in release 7.3.6,
- plus the following fixes:
-</para>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix <structname>pg_statistics</> alignment bug that could crash optimizer</para>
-<para>See above for details about this problem.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow non-super users to update <structname>pg_settings</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix several optimizer bugs, most of which led to
-<quote>variable not found in subplan target lists</> errors</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid out-of-memory failure during startup of large multiple
-index scan</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix multibyte problem that could lead to <quote>out of
-memory</> error during <command>COPY IN</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with <command>SELECT INTO</> / <command>CREATE
-TABLE AS</> from tables without OIDs</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with <filename>alter_table</> regression test
-during parallel testing</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with hitting open file limit, especially on OS X (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Partial fix for Turkish-locale issues</para>
-<para>initdb will succeed now in Turkish locale, but there are still some
-inconveniences associated with the <literal>i/I</> problem.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make pg_dump set client encoding on restore</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Other minor pg_dump fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow ecpg to again use C keywords as column names (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Added ecpg <literal>WHENEVER NOT_FOUND</> to
-<literal>SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE</> (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix ecpg crash for queries calling set-returning functions (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various other ecpg fixes (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for Borland compiler</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Thread build improvements (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various other build fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various JDBC fixes</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-4-1">
- <title>Release 7.4.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-12-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.4.
- For information about new features in the 7.4 major release, see
- <xref linkend="release-7-4">.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running 7.4.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If you want to install the fixes in the information schema
- you need to reload it into the database.
- This is either accomplished by initializing a new cluster
- by running <command>initdb</command>, or by running the following
- sequence of SQL commands in each database (ideally including
- <literal>template1</literal>) as a superuser in
- <application>psql</application>, after installing the new release:
-<programlisting>
-DROP SCHEMA information_schema CASCADE;
-\i /usr/local/pgsql/share/information_schema.sql
-</programlisting>
- Substitute your installation path in the second command.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fixed bug in <command>CREATE SCHEMA</command> parsing in ECPG (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix compile error when <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> and <option>--with-perl</option> are used together (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for subqueries that used hash joins (Tom)</para>
-<para>
- Certain subqueries that used hash joins would crash because of
- improperly shared structures.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix free space map compaction bug (Tom)</para>
-<para>
- This fixes a bug where compaction of the free space map could lead
- to a database server shutdown.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for Borland compiler build of libpq (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>netmask()</function> and <function>hostmask()</function> to return the maximum-length masklen (Tom)</para>
-<para>
- Fix these functions to return values consistent with pre-7.4
- releases.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Several <filename>contrib/pg_autovacuum</filename> fixes</para>
-<para>
- Fixes include improper variable initialization, missing vacuum after
- <command>TRUNCATE</command>, and duration computation overflow for long vacuums.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow compile of <filename>contrib/cube</filename> under Cygwin (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix Solaris use of password file when no passwords are defined (Tom)</para>
-<para>
- Fix crash on Solaris caused by use of any type of password
- authentication when no passwords were defined.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>JDBC fix for thread problems, other fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for <type>bytea</type> index lookups (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix information schema for bit data types (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Force zero_damaged_pages to be on during recovery from WAL</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent some obscure cases of <quote>variable not in subplan target lists</quote></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <function>PQescapeBytea</function> and <function>byteaout</function> consistent with each other (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Escape <type>bytea</type> output for bytes > 0x7e(Joe)</para>
-<para>
- If different client encodings are used for <type>bytea</type> output and input, it
- is possible for <type>bytea</type> values to be corrupted by the differing
- encodings. This fix escapes all bytes that might be affected.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Added missing <function>SPI_finish()</function> calls to dblink's <function>get_tuple_of_interest()</function> (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New Czech FAQ</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix information schema view <literal>constraint_column_usage</literal> for foreign keys (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>ECPG fixes (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix bug with multiple <literal>IN</literal> subqueries and joins in the subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow <literal>COUNT('x')</literal> to work (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Install ECPG include files for Informix compatibility into separate directory (Peter)</para>
-<para>
- Some names of ECPG include files for Informix compatibility conflicted with operating system include files.
- By installing them in their own directory, name conflicts have been reduced.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix SSL memory leak (Neil)</para>
-<para>
- This release fixes a bug in 7.4 where SSL didn't free all memory it allocated.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent <filename>pg_service.conf</filename> from using service name as default dbname (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix local ident authentication on FreeBSD (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-4">
- <title>Release 7.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-11-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- <literal>IN</literal> / <literal>NOT IN</literal> subqueries are
- now much more efficient
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, <literal>IN</literal>/<literal>NOT
- IN</literal> subqueries were joined to the upper query by
- sequentially scanning the subquery looking for a match. The
- 7.4 code uses the same sophisticated techniques used by
- ordinary joins and so is much faster. An
- <literal>IN</literal> will now usually be as fast as or faster
- than an equivalent <literal>EXISTS</literal> subquery; this
- reverses the conventional wisdom that applied to previous
- releases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Improved <literal>GROUP BY</literal> processing by using hash buckets
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, rows to be grouped had to be sorted
- first. The 7.4 code can do <literal>GROUP BY</literal>
- without sorting, by accumulating results into a hash table
- with one entry per group. It will still use the sort
- technique, however, if the hash table is estimated to be too
- large to fit in <varname>sort_mem</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- New multikey hash join capability
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, hash joins could only occur on single
- keys. This release allows multicolumn hash joins.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Queries using the explicit <literal>JOIN</literal> syntax are
- now better optimized
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prior releases evaluated queries using the explicit
- <literal>JOIN</literal> syntax only in the order implied by
- the syntax. 7.4 allows full optimization of these queries,
- meaning the optimizer considers all possible join orderings
- and chooses the most efficient. Outer joins, however, must
- still follow the declared ordering.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Faster and more powerful regular expression code
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The entire regular expression module has been replaced with a
- new version by Henry Spencer, originally written for Tcl. The
- code greatly improves performance and supports several flavors
- of regular expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Function-inlining for simple SQL functions
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Simple SQL functions can now be inlined by including their SQL
- in the main query. This improves performance by eliminating
- per-call overhead. That means simple SQL functions now
- behave like macros.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Full support for IPv6 connections and IPv6 address data types
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Previous releases allowed only IPv4 connections, and the IP
- data types only supported IPv4 addresses. This release adds
- full IPv6 support in both of these areas.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Major improvements in SSL performance and reliability
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Several people very familiar with the SSL API have overhauled
- our SSL code to improve SSL key negotiation and error
- recovery.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Make free space map efficiently reuse empty index pages,
- and other free space management improvements
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In previous releases, B-tree index pages that were left empty
- because of deleted rows could only be reused by rows with
- index values similar to the rows originally indexed on that
- page. In 7.4, <command>VACUUM</command> records empty index
- pages and allows them to be reused for any future index rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- SQL-standard information schema
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The information schema provides a standardized and stable way
- to access information about the schema objects defined in a
- database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Cursors conform more closely to the SQL standard
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The commands <command>FETCH</command> and
- <command>MOVE</command> have been overhauled to conform more
- closely to the SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Cursors can exist outside transactions
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- These cursors are also called holdable cursors.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- New client-to-server protocol
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The new protocol adds error codes, more status information,
- faster startup, better support for binary data transmission,
- parameter values separated from SQL commands, prepared
- statements available at the protocol level, and cleaner
- recovery from <command>COPY</command> failures. The older
- protocol is still supported by both server and clients.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- <application>libpq</application> and
- <application>ECPG</application> applications are now fully
- thread-safe
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- While previous <application>libpq</application> releases
- already supported threads, this release improves thread safety
- by fixing some non-thread-safe code that was used during
- database connection startup. The <command>configure</command>
- option <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> must be used to
- enable this feature.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- New version of full-text indexing
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A new full-text indexing suite is available in
- <filename>contrib/tsearch2</filename>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- New autovacuum tool
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The new autovacuum tool in
- <filename>contrib/autovacuum</filename> monitors the database
- statistics tables for
- <command>INSERT</command>/<command>UPDATE</command>/<command>DELETE</command>
- activity and automatically vacuums tables when needed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Array handling has been improved and moved into the server core
- </term>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many array limitations have been removed, and arrays behave
- more like fully-supported data types.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application> is
- required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous
- release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The server-side autocommit setting was removed and
- reimplemented in client applications and languages.
- Server-side autocommit was causing too many problems with
- languages and applications that wanted to control their own
- autocommit behavior, so autocommit was removed from the server
- and added to individual client APIs as appropriate.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Error message wording has changed substantially in this
- release. Significant effort was invested to make the messages
- more consistent and user-oriented. If your applications try to
- detect different error conditions by parsing the error message,
- you are strongly encouraged to use the new error code facility instead.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Inner joins using the explicit <literal>JOIN</literal> syntax
- might behave differently because they are now better
- optimized.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A number of server configuration parameters have been renamed
- for clarity, primarily those related to
- logging.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>FETCH 0</literal> or <literal>MOVE 0</literal> now
- does nothing. In prior releases, <literal>FETCH 0</literal>
- would fetch all remaining rows, and <literal>MOVE 0</literal>
- would move to the end of the cursor.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> now return
- the actual number of rows fetched/moved, or zero if at the
- beginning/end of the cursor. Prior releases would return the
- row count passed to the command, not the number of rows
- actually fetched or moved.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>COPY</command> now can process files that use
- carriage-return or carriage-return/line-feed end-of-line
- sequences. Literal carriage-returns and line-feeds are no
- longer accepted in data values; use <literal>\r</literal> and
- <literal>\n</literal> instead.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Trailing spaces are now trimmed when converting from type
- <type>char(<replaceable>n</>)</type> to
- <type>varchar(<replaceable>n</>)</type> or <type>text</type>.
- This is what most people always expected to happen anyway.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The data type <type>float(<replaceable>p</>)</type> now
- measures <replaceable>p</> in binary digits, not decimal
- digits. The new behavior follows the SQL standard.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Ambiguous date values now must match the ordering specified by
- the <varname>datestyle</varname> setting. In prior releases, a
- date specification of <literal>10/20/03</> was interpreted as a
- date in October even if <varname>datestyle</> specified that
- the day should be first. 7.4 will throw an error if a date
- specification is invalid for the current setting of
- <varname>datestyle</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The functions <function>oidrand</function>,
- <function>oidsrand</function>, and
- <function>userfntest</function> have been removed. These
- functions were determined to be no longer useful.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- String literals specifying time-varying date/time values, such
- as <literal>'now'</literal> or <literal>'today'</literal> will
- no longer work as expected in column default expressions; they
- now cause the time of the table creation to be the default, not
- the time of the insertion. Functions such as
- <function>now()</>, <function>current_timestamp</>, or
- <function>current_date</function> should be used instead.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In previous releases, there was special code so that strings
- such as <literal>'now'</literal> were interpreted at
- <command>INSERT</> time and not at table creation time, but
- this work around didn't cover all cases. Release 7.4 now
- requires that defaults be defined properly using functions such
- as <function>now()</> or <function>current_timestamp</>. These
- will work in all situations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The dollar sign (<literal>$</>) is no longer allowed in
- operator names. It can instead be a non-first character in
- identifiers. This was done to improve compatibility with other
- database systems, and to avoid syntax problems when parameter
- placeholders (<literal>$<replaceable>n</></>) are written
- adjacent to operators.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
- release 7.4 and the previous major release.
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Operation Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow IPv6 server connections (Nigel Kukard, Johan Jordaan,
- Bruce, Tom, Kurt Roeckx, Andrew Dunstan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix SSL to handle errors cleanly (Nathan Mueller)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, certain SSL API error reports were not
- handled correctly. This release fixes those problems.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- SSL protocol security and performance improvements (Sean Chittenden)
- </para>
- <para>
- SSL key renegotiation was happening too frequently, causing poor
- SSL performance. Also, initial key handling was improved.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Print lock information when a deadlock is detected (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows easier debugging of deadlock situations.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Update <filename>/tmp</filename> socket modification times
- regularly to avoid their removal (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This should help prevent <filename>/tmp</filename> directory
- cleaner administration scripts from removing server socket
- files.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Enable PAM for Mac OS X (Aaron Hillegass)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Make B-tree indexes fully WAL-safe (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, under certain rare cases, a server crash
- could cause B-tree indexes to become corrupt. This release
- removes those last few rare cases.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow B-tree index compaction and empty page reuse (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix inconsistent index lookups during split of first root page (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, when a single-page index split into two
- pages, there was a brief period when another database session
- could miss seeing an index entry. This release fixes that rare
- failure case.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Improve free space map allocation logic (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Preserve free space information between server restarts (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, the free space map was not saved when the
- postmaster was stopped, so newly started servers had no free
- space information. This release saves the free space map, and
- reloads it when the server is restarted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Add start time to <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal> (Neil)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New code to detect corrupt disk pages; erase with <varname>zero_damaged_pages</varname> (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New client/server protocol: faster, no username length limit, allow clean exit from <command>COPY</command> (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add transaction status, table ID, column ID to client/server protocol (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add binary I/O to client/server protocol (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Remove autocommit server setting; move to client applications (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New error message wording, error codes, and three levels of error detail (Tom, Joe, Peter)</para></listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance Improvements</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para>Add hashing for <literal>GROUP BY</literal> aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Make nested-loop joins be smarter about multicolumn indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow multikey hash joins (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improve constant folding (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add ability to inline simple SQL functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Reduce memory usage for queries using complex functions (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, functions returning allocated memory would
- not free it until the query completed. This release allows the
- freeing of function-allocated memory when the function call
- completes, reducing the total memory used by functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Improve GEQO optimizer performance (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- This release fixes several inefficiencies in the way the GEQO optimizer
- manages potential query paths.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>IN</>/<literal>NOT IN</> to be handled via hash
- tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve <literal>NOT IN (<replaceable>subquery</>)</literal>
- performance (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow most <literal>IN</literal> subqueries to be processed as
- joins (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Pattern matching operations can use indexes regardless of
- locale (Peter)
- </para>
- <para>
- There is no way for non-ASCII locales to use the standard
- indexes for <literal>LIKE</literal> comparisons. This release
- adds a way to create a special index for
- <literal>LIKE</literal>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow the postmaster to preload libraries using <varname>preload_libraries</varname> (Joe)</para>
- <para>
- For shared libraries that require a long time to load, this
- option is available so the library can be preloaded in the
- postmaster and inherited by all database sessions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve optimizer cost computations, particularly for subqueries (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Avoid sort when subquery <literal>ORDER BY</literal> matches upper query (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Deduce that <literal>WHERE a.x = b.y AND b.y = 42</literal> also
- means <literal>a.x = 42</literal> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow hash/merge joins on complex joins (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow hash joins for more data types (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow join optimization of explicit inner joins, disable with
- <varname>join_collapse_limit</varname> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add parameter <varname>from_collapse_limit</varname> to control
- conversion of subqueries to joins (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use faster and more powerful regular expression code from Tcl
- (Henry Spencer, Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Use bit-mapped relation sets in the optimizer (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Improve connection startup time (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- The new client/server protocol requires fewer network packets to
- start a database session.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve trigger/constraint performance (Stephan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve speed of <literal>col IN (const, const, const, ...)</literal> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix hash indexes which were broken in rare cases (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Improve hash index concurrency and speed (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- Prior releases suffered from poor hash index performance,
- particularly for high concurrency situations. This release fixes
- that, and the development group is interested in reports
- comparing B-tree and hash index performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Align shared buffers on 32-byte boundary for copy speed improvement (Manfred Spraul)</para>
- <para>
- Certain CPU's perform faster data copies when addresses are
- 32-byte aligned.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Data type <type>numeric</type> reimplemented for better performance (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- <type>numeric</type> used to be stored in base 100. The new code
- uses base 10000, for significantly better performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Configuration Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Rename server parameter <varname>server_min_messages</> to <varname>log_min_messages</> (Bruce)</para>
- <para>
- This was done so most parameters that control the server logs
- begin with <literal>log_</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Rename <varname>show_*_stats</> to <varname>log_*_stats</> (Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Rename <varname>show_source_port</> to <varname>log_source_port</> (Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Rename <varname>hostname_lookup</> to <varname>log_hostname</> (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <varname>checkpoint_warning</> to warn of excessive checkpointing (Bruce)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, it was difficult to determine if checkpoint
- was happening too frequently. This feature adds a warning to the
- server logs when excessive checkpointing happens.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>New read-only server parameters for localization (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change debug server log messages to output as <literal>DEBUG</>
- rather than <literal>LOG</> (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Prevent server log variables from being turned off by non-superusers (Bruce)</para>
- <para>
- This is a security feature so non-superusers cannot disable
- logging that was enabled by the administrator.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <varname>log_min_messages</>/<varname>client_min_messages</> now
- controls <varname>debug_*</> output (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This centralizes client debug information so all debug output
- can be sent to either the client or server logs.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add Mac OS X Rendezvous server support (Chris Campbell)</para>
- <para>
- This allows Mac OS X hosts to query the network for available
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> servers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add ability to print only slow statements using
- <varname>log_min_duration_statement</varname>
- (Christopher)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is an often requested debugging feature that allows
- administrators to see only slow queries in their server logs.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> to accept netmasks in CIDR format (Andrew Dunstan)</para>
- <para>
- This allows administrators to merge the host IP address and
- netmask fields into a single CIDR field in <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>New read-only parameter <varname>is_superuser</varname> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>New parameter <varname>log_error_verbosity</varname> to control error detail (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- This works with the new error reporting feature to supply
- additional error information like hints, file names and line
- numbers.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para><literal>postgres --describe-config</literal> now dumps server config variables (Aizaz Ahmed, Peter)</para>
- <para>
- This option is useful for administration tools that need to know
- the configuration variable names and their minimums, maximums,
- defaults, and descriptions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new columns in <literal>pg_settings</literal>:
- <literal>context</>, <literal>type</>, <literal>source</>,
- <literal>min_val</>, <literal>max_val</> (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make default <varname>shared_buffers</> 1000 and
- <varname>max_connections</> 100, if possible (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Prior versions defaulted to 64 shared buffers so <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
- would start on even very old systems. This release tests the
- amount of shared memory allowed by the platform and selects more
- reasonable default values if possible. Of course, users are
- still encouraged to evaluate their resource load and size
- <varname>shared_buffers</varname> accordingly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> record type
- <literal>hostnossl</> to prevent SSL connections (Jon
- Jensen)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, there was no way to prevent SSL connections
- if both the client and server supported SSL. This option allows
- that capability.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove parameter <varname>geqo_random_seed</varname>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add server parameter <varname>regex_flavor</varname> to control regular expression processing (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>pg_ctl</command> better handle nonstandard ports (Greg)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Query Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para>New SQL-standard information schema (Peter)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add read-only transactions (Peter)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Print key name and value in foreign-key violation messages (Dmitry Tkach)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow users to see their own queries in <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal> (Kevin Brown)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, only the superuser could see query strings
- using <literal>pg_stat_activity</literal>. Now ordinary users
- can see their own query strings.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Fix aggregates in subqueries to match SQL standard (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- The SQL standard says that an aggregate function appearing
- within a nested subquery belongs to the outer query if its
- argument contains only outer-query variables. Prior
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> releases did not handle
- this fine point correctly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add option to prevent auto-addition of tables referenced in query (Nigel J. Andrews)</para>
- <para>
- By default, tables mentioned in the query are automatically
- added to the <literal>FROM</> clause if they are not already
- there. This is compatible with historic
- <productname>POSTGRES</productname> behavior but is contrary to
- the SQL standard. This option allows selecting
- standard-compatible behavior.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow <literal>UPDATE ... SET col = DEFAULT</literal> (Rod)</para>
- <para>
- This allows <command>UPDATE</command> to set a column to its
- declared default value.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow expressions to be used in <literal>LIMIT</>/<literal>OFFSET</> (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, <literal>LIMIT</>/<literal>OFFSET</> could
- only use constants, not expressions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Implement <literal>CREATE TABLE AS EXECUTE</literal> (Neil, Peter)</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Make <command>CREATE SEQUENCE</command> grammar more conforming to SQL:2003 (Neil)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add statement-level triggers (Neil)</para>
- <para>
- While this allows a trigger to fire at the end of a statement,
- it does not allow the trigger to access all rows modified by the
- statement. This capability is planned for a future release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add check constraints for domains (Rod)</para>
- <para>
- This greatly increases the usefulness of domains by allowing
- them to use check constraints.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <command>ALTER DOMAIN</command> (Rod)</para>
- <para>
- This allows manipulation of existing domains.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Fix several zero-column table bugs (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> supports zero-column tables. This fixes various bugs
- that occur when using such tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Have <literal>ALTER TABLE ... ADD PRIMARY KEY</literal> add not-null constraint (Rod)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, <literal>ALTER TABLE ... ADD
- PRIMARY</literal> would add a unique index, but not a not-null
- constraint. That is fixed in this release.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Add <literal>ALTER TABLE ... WITHOUT OIDS</literal> (Rod)</para>
- <para>
- This allows control over whether new and updated rows will have
- an OID column. This is most useful for saving storage space.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>ALTER SEQUENCE</literal> to modify minimum, maximum,
- increment, cache, cycle values (Rod)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <literal>ALTER TABLE ... CLUSTER ON</literal> (Alvaro Herrera)</para>
- <para>
- This command is used by <command>pg_dump</command> to record the
- cluster column for each table previously clustered. This
- information is used by database-wide cluster to cluster all
- previously clustered tables.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Improve automatic type casting for domains (Rod, Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow dollar signs in identifiers, except as first character (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Disallow dollar signs in operator names, so <literal>x=$1</> works (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow copying table schema using <literal>LIKE
- <replaceable>subtable</replaceable></literal>, also SQL:2003
- feature <literal>INCLUDING DEFAULTS</literal> (Rod)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add <literal>WITH GRANT OPTION</literal> clause to
- <command>GRANT</command> (Peter)
- </para>
- <para>
- This enabled <command>GRANT</command> to give other users the
- ability to grant privileges on a object.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Command Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <literal>ON COMMIT</literal> clause to <command>CREATE TABLE</command> for temporary tables (Gavin)</para>
- <para>
- This adds the ability for a table to be dropped or all rows
- deleted on transaction commit.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow cursors outside transactions using <literal>WITH HOLD</literal> (Neil)</para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, cursors were removed at the end of the
- transaction that created them. Cursors can now be created with
- the <literal>WITH HOLD</literal> option, which allows them to
- continue to be accessed after the creating transaction has
- committed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para><literal>FETCH 0</literal> and <literal>MOVE 0 </literal> now do nothing (Bruce)</para>
- <para>
- In previous releases, <literal>FETCH 0</literal> fetched all
- remaining rows, and <literal>MOVE 0</literal> moved to the end
- of the cursor.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Cause <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> to
- return the number of rows fetched/moved, or zero if at the
- beginning/end of cursor, per SQL standard (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, the row count returned by
- <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> did not
- accurately reflect the number of rows processed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Properly handle <literal>SCROLL</literal> with cursors, or
- report an error (Neil)</para>
- <para>
- Allowing random access (both forward and backward scrolling) to
- some kinds of queries cannot be done without some additional
- work. If <literal>SCROLL</literal> is specified when the cursor
- is created, this additional work will be performed. Furthermore,
- if the cursor has been created with <literal>NO SCROLL</literal>,
- no random access is allowed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Implement SQL-compatible options <literal>FIRST</>,
- <literal>LAST</>, <literal>ABSOLUTE <replaceable>n</></>,
- <literal>RELATIVE <replaceable>n</></> for
- <command>FETCH</command> and <command>MOVE</command> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow <command>EXPLAIN</command> on <command>DECLARE CURSOR</command> (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow <command>CLUSTER</command> to use index marked as pre-clustered by default (Alvaro Herrera)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow <command>CLUSTER</command> to cluster all tables (Alvaro Herrera)</para>
- <para>
- This allows all previously clustered tables in a database to be
- reclustered with a single command.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Prevent <command>CLUSTER</command> on partial indexes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow DOS and Mac line-endings in <command>COPY</> files (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Disallow literal carriage return as a data value,
- backslash-carriage-return and <literal>\r</> are still allowed
- (Bruce)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para><command>COPY</> changes (binary, <literal>\.</>) (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Recover from <command>COPY</command> failure cleanly (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Prevent possible memory leaks in <command>COPY</command> (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Make <command>TRUNCATE</command> transaction-safe (Rod)</para>
- <para>
- <command>TRUNCATE</command> can now be used inside a
- transaction. If the transaction aborts, the changes made by the
- <command>TRUNCATE</command> are automatically rolled back.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow prepare/bind of utility commands like
- <command>FETCH</command> and <command>EXPLAIN</command> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <command>EXPLAIN EXECUTE</command> (Neil)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Improve <command>VACUUM</command> performance on indexes by reducing WAL traffic (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Functional indexes have been generalized into indexes on expressions (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- In prior releases, functional indexes only supported a simple
- function applied to one or more column names. This release
- allows any type of scalar expression.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <command>SHOW TRANSACTION ISOLATION</command> match input
- to <command>SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION</command>
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <command>COMMENT ON DATABASE</command> on nonlocal
- database generate a warning, rather than an error (Rod)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Database comments are stored in database-local tables so
- comments on a database have to be stored in each database.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve reliability of <command>LISTEN</>/<command>NOTIFY</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow <command>REINDEX</command> to reliably reindex nonshared system catalog indexes (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- This allows system tables to be reindexed without the
- requirement of a standalone session, which was necessary in
- previous releases. The only tables that now require a standalone
- session for reindexing are the global system tables
- <literal>pg_database</>, <literal>pg_shadow</>, and
- <literal>pg_group</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Data Type and Function Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New server parameter <varname>extra_float_digits</varname> to
- control precision display of floating-point numbers (Pedro
- Ferreira, Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This controls output precision which was causing regression
- testing problems.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow <literal>+1300</literal> as a numeric time-zone specifier, for FJST (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove rarely used functions <function>oidrand</>,
- <function>oidsrand</>, and <function>userfntest</> functions
- (Neil)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <function>md5()</> function to main server, already in <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</filename> (Joe)</para>
- <para>
- An MD5 function was frequently requested. For more complex
- encryption capabilities, use
- <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</filename>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Increase date range of <type>timestamp</type> (John Cochran)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Change <literal>EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM timestamp)</literal> so
- <type>timestamp without time zone</type> is assumed to be in
- local time, not GMT (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Trap division by zero in case the operating system doesn't prevent it (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Change the <type>numeric</type> data type internally to base 10000 (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New <function>hostmask()</function> function (Greg Wickham)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Fixes for <function>to_char()</function> and <function>to_timestamp()</function> (Karel)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow functions that can take any argument data type and return
- any data type, using <type>anyelement</type> and
- <type>anyarray</type> (Joe)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows the creation of functions that can work with any
- data type.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Arrays can now be specified as <literal>ARRAY[1,2,3]</literal>,
- <literal>ARRAY[['a','b'],['c','d']]</literal>, or
- <literal>ARRAY[ARRAY[ARRAY[2]]]</literal> (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow proper comparisons for arrays, including <literal>ORDER
- BY</literal> and <literal>DISTINCT</literal> support
- (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow indexes on array columns (Joe)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow array concatenation with <literal>||</literal> (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow <literal>WHERE</literal> qualification
- <literal><replaceable>expr</> <replaceable>op</> ANY/SOME/ALL
- (<replaceable>array_expr</>)</literal> (Joe)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows arrays to behave like a list of values, for purposes
- like <literal>SELECT * FROM tab WHERE col IN
- (array_val)</literal>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New array functions <function>array_append</>,
- <function>array_cat</>, <function>array_lower</>,
- <function>array_prepend</>, <function>array_to_string</>,
- <function>array_upper</>, <function>string_to_array</> (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow user defined aggregates to use polymorphic functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow assignments to empty arrays (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow 60 in seconds fields of <type>time</type>,
- <type>timestamp</type>, and <type>interval</type> input values
- (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- Sixty-second values are needed for leap seconds.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow <type>cidr</type> data type to be cast to <type>text</type> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Disallow invalid time zone names in SET TIMEZONE</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Trim trailing spaces when <type>char</type> is cast to
- <type>varchar</> or <type>text</> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <type>float(<replaceable>p</>)</> measure the precision
- <replaceable>p</> in binary digits, not decimal digits
- (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add IPv6 support to the <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type> data types (Michael Graff)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <function>family()</function> function to report whether address is IPv4 or IPv6 (Michael Graff)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have <literal>SHOW datestyle</literal> generate output similar
- to that used by <literal>SET datestyle</literal> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <literal>EXTRACT(TIMEZONE)</literal> and <literal>SET/SHOW
- TIME ZONE</literal> follow the SQL convention for the sign of
- time zone offsets, i.e., positive is east from UTC (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Fix <literal>date_trunc('quarter', ...)</literal> (Böjthe Zoltán)</para>
- <para>
- Prior releases returned an incorrect value for this function call.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Make <function>initcap()</function> more compatible with Oracle (Mike Nolan)</para>
- <para>
- <function>initcap()</function> now uppercases a letter appearing
- after any non-alphanumeric character, rather than only after
- whitespace.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow only <varname>datestyle</varname> field order for date values not in ISO-8601 format (Greg)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new <varname>datestyle</varname> values <literal>MDY</>,
- <literal>DMY</>, and <literal>YMD</> to set input field order;
- honor <literal>US</> and <literal>European</> for backward
- compatibility (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- String literals like <literal>'now'</literal> or
- <literal>'today'</literal> will no longer work as a column
- default. Use functions such as <function>now()</function>,
- <function>current_timestamp</function> instead. (change
- required for prepared statements) (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Treat NaN as larger than any other value in <function>min()</>/<function>max()</> (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- NaN was already sorted after ordinary numeric values for most
- purposes, but <function>min()</> and <function>max()</> didn't
- get this right.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Prevent interval from suppressing <literal>:00</literal>
- seconds display</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New functions <function>pg_get_triggerdef(prettyprint)</function>
- and <function>pg_conversion_is_visible()</function> (Christopher)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow time to be specified as <literal>040506</> or <literal>0405</> (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Input date order must now be <literal>YYYY-MM-DD</literal> (with 4-digit year) or
- match <varname>datestyle</varname>
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>pg_get_constraintdef</function> support
- unique, primary-key, and check constraints (Christopher)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server-Side Language Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent PL/pgSQL crash when <literal>RETURN NEXT</literal> is
- used on a zero-row record variable (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make PL/Python's <function>spi_execute</function> interface
- handle null values properly (Andrew Bosma)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow PL/pgSQL to declare variables of composite types without <literal>%ROWTYPE</literal> (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Fix PL/Python's <function>_quote()</function> function to handle big integers</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Make PL/Python an untrusted language, now called <literal>plpythonu</literal> (Kevin Jacobs, Tom)</para>
- <para>
- The Python language no longer supports a restricted execution
- environment, so the trusted version of PL/Python was removed. If
- this situation changes, a version of PL/Python that can be used
- by non-superusers will be readded.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow polymorphic PL/pgSQL functions (Joe, Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow polymorphic SQL functions (Joe)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improved compiled function caching mechanism in PL/pgSQL with
- full support for polymorphism (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add new parameter <literal>$0</> in PL/pgSQL representing the
- function's actual return type (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow PL/Tcl and PL/Python to use the same trigger on multiple tables (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fixed PL/Tcl's <function>spi_prepare</function> to accept fully
- qualified type names in the parameter type list
- (Jan)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>psql Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Add <literal>\pset pager always</literal> to always use pager (Greg)</para>
- <para>
- This forces the pager to be used even if the number of rows is
- less than the screen height. This is valuable for rows that
- wrap across several screen rows.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Improve tab completion (Rod, Ross Reedstrom, Ian Barwick)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Reorder <literal>\?</> help into groupings (Harald Armin Massa, Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add backslash commands for listing schemas, casts, and conversions (Christopher)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>\encoding</> now changes based on the server parameter
- <varname>client_encoding</varname> (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- In previous versions, <command>\encoding</command> was not aware
- of encoding changes made using <literal>SET
- client_encoding</literal>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Save editor buffer into readline history (Ross)</para>
- <para>
- When <command>\e</> is used to edit a query, the result is saved
- in the readline history for retrieval using the up arrow.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Improve <command>\d</command> display (Christopher)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Enhance HTML mode to be more standards-conforming (Greg)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>New <command>\set AUTOCOMMIT off</command> capability (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- This takes the place of the removed server parameter <varname>autocommit</varname>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>New <command>\set VERBOSITY</command> to control error detail (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- This controls the new error reporting details.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>New prompt escape sequence <literal>%x</literal> to show transaction status (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Long options for <application>psql</application> are now available on all platforms</para></listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>pg_dump Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para>Multiple pg_dump fixes, including tar format and large objects</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow pg_dump to dump specific schemas (Neil)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Make pg_dump preserve column storage characteristics (Christopher)</para>
- <para>
- This preserves <literal>ALTER TABLE ... SET STORAGE</literal> information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Make pg_dump preserve <command>CLUSTER</command> characteristics (Christopher)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Have pg_dumpall use <command>GRANT</>/<command>REVOKE</> to dump database-level privileges (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow pg_dumpall to support the options <option>-a</>,
- <option>-s</>, <option>-x</> of pg_dump (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Prevent pg_dump from lowercasing identifiers specified on the command line (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- pg_dump options <option>--use-set-session-authorization</option>
- and <option>--no-reconnect</option> now do nothing, all dumps
- use <command>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</command>
- </para>
- <para>
- pg_dump no longer reconnects to switch users, but instead always
- uses <command>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</command>. This will
- reduce password prompting during restores.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Long options for <application>pg_dump</application> are now available on all platforms</para>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now includes its own
- long-option processing routines.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>libpq Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add function <function>PQfreemem</function> for freeing memory on
- Windows, suggested for <command>NOTIFY</command> (Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- Windows requires that memory allocated in a library be freed by
- a function in the same library, hence
- <function>free()</function> doesn't work for freeing memory
- allocated by libpq. <function>PQfreemem</function> is the proper
- way to free libpq memory, especially on Windows, and is
- recommended for other platforms as well.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Document service capability, and add sample file (Bruce)</para>
- <para>
- This allows clients to look up connection information in a
- central file on the client machine.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <function>PQsetdbLogin</function> have the same defaults as
- <function>PQconnectdb</function> (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow libpq to cleanly fail when result sets are too large (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve performance of function <function>PQunescapeBytea</function> (Ben Lamb)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow thread-safe libpq with <filename>configure</filename>
- option <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> (Lee Kindness,
- Philip Yarra)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow function <function>pqInternalNotice</function> to accept a
- format string and arguments instead of just a preformatted
- message (Tom, Sean Chittenden)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Control SSL negotiation with <literal>sslmode</literal> values
- <literal>disable</literal>, <literal>allow</literal>,
- <literal>prefer</literal>, and <literal>require</literal> (Jon
- Jensen)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow new error codes and levels of text (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Allow access to the underlying table and column of a query result (Tom)</para>
- <para>
- This is helpful for query-builder applications that want to know
- the underlying table and column names associated with a specific
- result set.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem><para>Allow access to the current transaction status (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add ability to pass binary data directly to the server (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Add function <function>PQexecPrepared</function> and
- <function>PQsendQueryPrepared</function> functions which perform
- bind/execute of previously prepared statements (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>JDBC Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para>Allow <function>setNull</function> on updateable result sets</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow <function>executeBatch</function> on a prepared statement (Barry)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Support SSL connections (Barry)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Handle schema names in result sets (Paul Sorenson)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add refcursor support (Nic Ferrier)</para></listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Miscellaneous Interface Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>Prevent possible memory leak or core dump during libpgtcl shutdown (Tom)</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Add Informix compatibility to ECPG (Michael)</para>
- <para>
- This allows ECPG to process embedded C programs that were
- written using certain Informix extensions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Add type <type>decimal</type> to ECPG that is fixed length, for Informix (Michael)</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Allow thread-safe embedded SQL programs with
- <filename>configure</filename> option
- <option>--enable-thread-safety</option> (Lee Kindness, Bruce)
- </para>
- <para>
- This allows multiple threads to access the database at the same
- time.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>Moved Python client PyGreSQL to <ulink url="http://www.pygresql.org"></ulink> (Marc)</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para>Prevent need for separate platform geometry regression result files (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improved PPC locking primitive (Reinhard Max)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New function <function>palloc0</function> to allocate and clear memory (Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Fix locking code for s390x CPU (64-bit) (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow OpenBSD to use local ident credentials (William Ahern)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Make query plan trees read-only to executor (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add Darwin startup scripts (David Wheeler)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow libpq to compile with Borland C++ compiler (Lester Godwin, Karl Waclawek)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Use our own version of <function>getopt_long()</function> if needed (Peter)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Convert administration scripts to C (Peter)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para> Bison >= 1.85 is now required to build the <productname>PostgreSQL</> grammar, if building from CVS</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Merge documentation into one book (Peter)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add Windows compatibility functions (Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Allow client interfaces to compile under MinGW (Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New <function>ereport()</function> function for error reporting (Tom)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Support Intel compiler on Linux (Peter)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improve Linux startup scripts (Slawomir Sudnik, Darko Prenosil)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add support for AMD Opteron and Itanium (Jeffrey W. Baker, Bruce)</para></listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Remove <option>--enable-recode</option> option from <command>configure</command></para>
- <para>
- This was no longer needed now that we have <command>CREATE CONVERSION</command>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Generate a compile error if spinlock code is not found (Bruce)</para>
- <para>
- Platforms without spinlock code will now fail to compile, rather
- than silently using semaphores. This failure can be disabled
- with a new <command>configure</command> option.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para>Change dbmirror license to BSD</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improve earthdistance (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Portability improvements to pgcrypto (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Prevent crash in xml (John Gray, Michael Richards)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Update oracle</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Update mysql</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Update cube (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Update earthdistance to use cube (Bruno Wolff III)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Update btree_gist (Oleg)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New tsearch2 full-text search module (Oleg, Teodor)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add hash-based crosstab function to tablefuncs (Joe)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add serial column to order <function>connectby()</> siblings in tablefuncs (Nabil Sayegh,Joe)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Add named persistent connections to dblink (Shridhar Daithanka)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>New pg_autovacuum allows automatic <command>VACUUM</command> (Matthew T. O'Connor)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Make pgbench honor environment variables <envar>PGHOST</>, <envar>PGPORT</>, <envar>PGUSER</> (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improve intarray (Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improve pgstattuple (Rod)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Fix bug in <function>metaphone()</function> in fuzzystrmatch</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Improve adddepend (Rod)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Update spi/timetravel (Böjthe Zoltán)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Fix dbase <option>-s</> option and improve non-ASCII handling (Thomas Behr, Márcio Smiderle)</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>Remove array module because features now included by default (Joe)</para></listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-21">
- <title>Release 7.3.21</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2008-01-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.20,
- including fixes for significant security issues.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is expected to be the last <productname>PostgreSQL</> release
- in the 7.3.X series. Users are encouraged to update to a newer
- release branch soon.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.21</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent functions in indexes from executing with the privileges of
- the user running <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, etc (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Functions used in index expressions and partial-index
- predicates are evaluated whenever a new table entry is made. It has
- long been understood that this poses a risk of trojan-horse code
- execution if one modifies a table owned by an untrustworthy user.
- (Note that triggers, defaults, check constraints, etc. pose the
- same type of risk.) But functions in indexes pose extra danger
- because they will be executed by routine maintenance operations
- such as <command>VACUUM FULL</>, which are commonly performed
- automatically under a superuser account. For example, a nefarious user
- can execute code with superuser privileges by setting up a
- trojan-horse index definition and waiting for the next routine vacuum.
- The fix arranges for standard maintenance operations
- (including <command>VACUUM</>, <command>ANALYZE</>, <command>REINDEX</>,
- and <command>CLUSTER</>) to execute as the table owner rather than
- the calling user, using the same privilege-switching mechanism already
- used for <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> functions. To prevent bypassing
- this security measure, execution of <command>SET SESSION
- AUTHORIZATION</> and <command>SET ROLE</> is now forbidden within a
- <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</> context. (CVE-2007-6600)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The fix that appeared for this in 7.3.20 was incomplete, as it plugged
- the hole for only some <filename>dblink</> functions. (CVE-2007-6601,
- CVE-2007-3278)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential crash in <function>translate()</> when using a multibyte
- database encoding (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <filename>contrib/tablefunc</>'s <function>crosstab()</> handle
- NULL rowid as a category in its own right, rather than crashing (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require a specific version of <productname>Autoconf</> to be used
- when re-generating the <command>configure</> script (Peter)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This affects developers and packagers only. The change was made
- to prevent accidental use of untested combinations of
- <productname>Autoconf</> and <productname>PostgreSQL</> versions.
- You can remove the version check if you really want to use a
- different <productname>Autoconf</> version, but it's
- your responsibility whether the result works or not.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-20">
- <title>Release 7.3.20</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-09-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains fixes from 7.3.19.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.20</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Prevent index corruption when a transaction inserts rows and
- then aborts close to the end of a concurrent <command>VACUUM</>
- on the same table (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Make <command>CREATE DOMAIN ... DEFAULT NULL</> work properly (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix crash when <varname>log_min_error_statement</> logging runs out
- of memory (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Require non-superusers who use <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to use only
- password authentication, as a security measure (Joe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-19">
- <title>Release 7.3.19</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-04-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains fixes from 7.3.18,
- including a security fix.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.19</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support explicit placement of the temporary-table schema within
- <varname>search_path</>, and disable searching it for functions
- and operators (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- This is needed to allow a security-definer function to set a
- truly secure value of <varname>search_path</>. Without it,
- an unprivileged SQL user can use temporary objects to execute code
- with the privileges of the security-definer function (CVE-2007-2138).
- See <command>CREATE FUNCTION</> for more information.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix potential-data-corruption bug in how <command>VACUUM FULL</> handles
- <command>UPDATE</> chains (Tom, Pavan Deolasee)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-18">
- <title>Release 7.3.18</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-02-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.17, including
- a security fix.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.18</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Remove security vulnerability that allowed connected users
- to read backend memory (Tom)
- </para>
- <para>
- The vulnerability involves changing the
- data type of a table column used in a SQL function (CVE-2007-0555).
- This error can easily be exploited to cause a backend crash, and in
- principle might be used to read database content that the user
- should not be able to access.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Fix rare bug wherein btree index page splits could fail
- due to choosing an infeasible split point (Heikki Linnakangas)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Tighten security of multi-byte character processing for UTF8 sequences
- over three bytes long (Tom)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-17">
- <title>Release 7.3.17</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2007-01-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.16.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.17</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <itemizedlist>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <function>to_number()</> and <function>to_char(numeric)</>
- are now <literal>STABLE</>, not <literal>IMMUTABLE</>, for
- new <application>initdb</> installs (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This is because <varname>lc_numeric</> can potentially
- change the output of these functions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Improve index usage of regular expressions that use parentheses (Tom)
- </para>
-
- <para>
- This improves <application>psql</> <literal>\d</> performance also.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-16">
- <title>Release 7.3.16</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-10-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.15.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.16</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner cases in pattern matching for
- <application>psql</>'s <literal>\d</> commands</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix index-corrupting bugs in /contrib/ltree
- (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Back-port 7.4 spinlock code to improve performance and support
-64-bit architectures better</para> </listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix SSL-related memory leak in libpq</para> </listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix backslash escaping in /contrib/dbmirror</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Adjust regression tests for recent changes in US DST laws
-</para> </listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-15">
- <title>Release 7.3.15</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-05-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.14,
- including patches for extremely serious security issues.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.15</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Full security against the SQL-injection attacks described in
- CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314 might require changes in application
- code. If you have applications that embed untrustworthy strings
- into SQL commands, you should examine them as soon as possible to
- ensure that they are using recommended escaping techniques. In
- most cases, applications should be using subroutines provided by
- libraries or drivers (such as <application>libpq</>'s
- <function>PQescapeStringConn()</>) to perform string escaping,
- rather than relying on <foreignphrase>ad hoc</> code to do it.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change the server to reject invalidly-encoded multibyte
-characters in all cases (Tatsuo, Tom)</para>
-<para>While <productname>PostgreSQL</> has been moving in this direction for
-some time, the checks are now applied uniformly to all encodings and all
-textual input, and are now always errors not merely warnings. This change
-defends against SQL-injection attacks of the type described in CVE-2006-2313.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Reject unsafe uses of <literal>\'</> in string literals</para>
-<para>As a server-side defense against SQL-injection attacks of the type
-described in CVE-2006-2314, the server now only accepts <literal>''</> and not
-<literal>\'</> as a representation of ASCII single quote in SQL string
-literals. By default, <literal>\'</> is rejected only when
-<varname>client_encoding</> is set to a client-only encoding (SJIS, BIG5, GBK,
-GB18030, or UHC), which is the scenario in which SQL injection is possible.
-A new configuration parameter <varname>backslash_quote</> is available to
-adjust this behavior when needed. Note that full security against
-CVE-2006-2314 might require client-side changes; the purpose of
-<varname>backslash_quote</> is in part to make it obvious that insecure
-clients are insecure.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Modify <application>libpq</>'s string-escaping routines to be
-aware of encoding considerations</para>
-<para>This fixes <application>libpq</>-using applications for the security
-issues described in CVE-2006-2313 and CVE-2006-2314.
-Applications that use multiple <productname>PostgreSQL</> connections
-concurrently should migrate to <function>PQescapeStringConn()</> and
-<function>PQescapeByteaConn()</> to ensure that escaping is done correctly
-for the settings in use in each database connection. Applications that
-do string escaping <quote>by hand</> should be modified to rely on library
-routines instead.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix some incorrect encoding conversion functions</para>
-<para><function>win1251_to_iso</>, <function>alt_to_iso</>,
-<function>euc_tw_to_big5</>, <function>euc_tw_to_mic</>,
-<function>mic_to_euc_tw</> were all broken to varying
-extents.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Clean up stray remaining uses of <literal>\'</> in strings
-(Bruce, Jan)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix server to use custom DH SSL parameters correctly (Michael
-Fuhr)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix various minor memory leaks</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-14">
- <title>Release 7.3.14</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-02-14</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.13.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.14</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.13, see the release
- notes for 7.3.13.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix potential crash in <command>SET
-SESSION AUTHORIZATION</> (CVE-2006-0553)</para>
-<para>An unprivileged user could crash the server process, resulting in
-momentary denial of service to other users, if the server has been compiled
-with Asserts enabled (which is not the default).
-Thanks to Akio Ishida for reporting this problem.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug with row visibility logic in self-inserted
-rows (Tom)</para>
-<para>Under rare circumstances a row inserted by the current command
-could be seen as already valid, when it should not be. Repairs bug
-created in 7.3.11 release.
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition that could lead to <quote>file already
-exists</> errors during pg_clog file creation
-(Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix to allow restoring dumps that have cross-schema
-references to custom operators (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Portability fix for testing presence of <function>finite</>
-and <function>isinf</> during configure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-13">
- <title>Release 7.3.13</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2006-01-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.12.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.13</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.10, see the release
- notes for 7.3.10.
- Also, you might need to <command>REINDEX</> indexes on textual
- columns after updating, if you are affected by the locale or
- <application>plperl</> issues described below.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix character string comparison for locales that consider
-different character combinations as equal, such as Hungarian (Tom)</para>
-<para>This might require <command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Set locale environment variables during postmaster startup
-to ensure that <application>plperl</> won't change the locale later</para>
-<para>This fixes a problem that occurred if the <application>postmaster</> was
-started with environment variables specifying a different locale than what
-<application>initdb</> had been told. Under these conditions, any use of
-<application>plperl</> was likely to lead to corrupt indexes. You might need
-<command>REINDEX</> to fix existing indexes on
-textual columns if this has happened to you.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding bug in strpos() and regular expression
-handling in certain rarely used Asian multi-byte character sets (Tatsuo)
-</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in <filename>/contrib/pgcrypto</> gen_salt,
-which caused it not to use all available salt space for MD5 and
-XDES algorithms (Marko Kreen, Solar Designer)</para>
-<para>Salts for Blowfish and standard DES are unaffected.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>/contrib/dblink</> to throw an error,
-rather than crashing, when the number of columns specified is different from
-what's actually returned by the query (Joe)</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-12">
- <title>Release 7.3.12</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-12-12</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.11.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.12</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.10, see the release
- notes for 7.3.10.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix race condition in transaction log management</para>
-<para>There was a narrow window in which an I/O operation could be initiated
-for the wrong page, leading to an Assert failure or data
-corruption.</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem><para><filename>/contrib/ltree</> fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Fix longstanding planning error for outer joins</para>
-<para>This bug sometimes caused a bogus error <quote>RIGHT JOIN is
-only supported with merge-joinable join conditions</>.</para></listitem>
-
-<listitem><para>Prevent core dump in <application>pg_autovacuum</> when a
-table has been dropped</para></listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-11">
- <title>Release 7.3.11</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-10-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.10.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.11</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- if you are upgrading from a version earlier than 7.3.10, see the release
- notes for 7.3.10.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix error that allowed <command>VACUUM</> to remove
-<literal>ctid</> chains too soon, and add more checking in code that follows
-<literal>ctid</> links</para>
-<para>This fixes a long-standing problem that could cause crashes in very rare
-circumstances.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <type>CHAR()</> to properly pad spaces to the specified
-length when using a multiple-byte character set (Yoshiyuki Asaba)</para>
-<para>In prior releases, the padding of <type>CHAR()</> was incorrect
-because it only padded to the specified number of bytes without
-considering how many characters were stored.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix missing rows in queries like <literal>UPDATE a=... WHERE
-a...</> with GiST index on column <literal>a</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve checking for partially-written WAL
-pages</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve robustness of signal handling when SSL is
-enabled</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various memory leakage fixes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various portability improvements</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix PL/PgSQL to handle <literal>var := var</> correctly when
-the variable is of pass-by-reference type</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-10">
- <title>Release 7.3.10</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-05-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.9, including several
- security-related issues.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.10</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X. However,
- it is one possible way of handling a significant security problem
- that has been found in the initial contents of 7.3.X system
- catalogs. A dump/initdb/reload sequence using 7.3.10's initdb will
- automatically correct this problem.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The security problem is that the built-in character set encoding
- conversion functions can be invoked from SQL commands by unprivileged
- users, but the functions were not designed for such use and are not
- secure against malicious choices of arguments. The fix involves changing
- the declared parameter list of these functions so that they can no longer
- be invoked from SQL commands. (This does not affect their normal use
- by the encoding conversion machinery.)
- It is strongly recommended that all installations repair this error,
- either by initdb or by following the manual repair procedure given
- below. The error at least allows unprivileged database users to crash
- their server process, and might allow unprivileged users to gain the
- privileges of a database superuser.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- If you wish not to do an initdb, perform the following procedure instead.
- As the database superuser, do:
-
-<programlisting>
-BEGIN;
-UPDATE pg_proc SET proargtypes[3] = 'internal'::regtype
-WHERE pronamespace = 11 AND pronargs = 5
- AND proargtypes[2] = 'cstring'::regtype;
--- The command should report having updated 90 rows;
--- if not, rollback and investigate instead of committing!
-COMMIT;
-</programlisting>
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The above procedure must be carried out in <emphasis>each</> database
- of an installation, including <literal>template1</>, and ideally
- including <literal>template0</> as well. If you do not fix the
- template databases then any subsequently created databases will contain
- the same error. <literal>template1</> can be fixed in the same way
- as any other database, but fixing <literal>template0</> requires
- additional steps. First, from any database issue:
-<programlisting>
-UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = true WHERE datname = 'template0';
-</programlisting>
- Next connect to <literal>template0</> and perform the above repair
- procedure. Finally, do:
-<programlisting>
--- re-freeze template0:
-VACUUM FREEZE;
--- and protect it against future alterations:
-UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = false WHERE datname = 'template0';
-</programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change encoding function signature to prevent
-misuse</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair ancient race condition that allowed a transaction to be
-seen as committed for some purposes (eg SELECT FOR UPDATE) slightly sooner
-than for other purposes</para>
-<para>This is an extremely serious bug since it could lead to apparent
-data inconsistencies being briefly visible to applications.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair race condition between relation extension and
-VACUUM</para>
-<para>This could theoretically have caused loss of a page's worth of
-freshly-inserted data, although the scenario seems of very low probability.
-There are no known cases of it having caused more than an Assert failure.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix comparisons of <type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para>
-<para>
-The comparison code was wrong in the case where the
-<literal>--enable-integer-datetimes</> configuration switch had been used.
-NOTE: if you have an index on a <type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> column,
-it will need to be <command>REINDEX</>ed after installing this update, because
-the fix corrects the sort order of column values.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH)</> for
-<type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix mis-display of negative fractional seconds in
-<type>INTERVAL</> values</para>
-<para>
-This error only occurred when the
-<literal>--enable-integer-datetimes</> configuration switch had been used.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Additional buffer overrun checks in plpgsql
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix pg_dump to dump trigger names containing <literal>%</>
-correctly (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent <function>to_char(interval)</> from dumping core for
-month-related formats</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> for newer OpenSSL builds
-(Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Still more 64-bit fixes for
-<filename>contrib/intagg</></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent incorrect optimization of functions returning
-<type>RECORD</></para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-9">
- <title>Release 7.3.9</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-01-31</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.8, including several
- security-related issues.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.9</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Disallow <command>LOAD</> to non-superusers</para>
-<para>
-On platforms that will automatically execute initialization functions of a
-shared library (this includes at least Windows and ELF-based Unixen),
-<command>LOAD</> can be used to make the server execute arbitrary code.
-Thanks to NGS Software for reporting this.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Check that creator of an aggregate function has the right to
-execute the specified transition functions</para>
-<para>
-This oversight made it possible to bypass denial of EXECUTE
-permission on a function.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix security and 64-bit issues in
-contrib/intagg</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add needed STRICT marking to some contrib functions (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid buffer overrun when plpgsql cursor declaration has too
-many parameters (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planning error for FULL and RIGHT outer joins</para>
-<para>
-The result of the join was mistakenly supposed to be sorted the same as the
-left input. This could not only deliver mis-sorted output to the user, but
-in case of nested merge joins could give outright wrong answers.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix plperl for quote marks in tuple fields</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix display of negative intervals in SQL and GERMAN
-datestyles</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-8">
- <title>Release 7.3.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-10-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.7.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair possible failure to update hint bits on disk</para>
-<para>
-Under rare circumstances this oversight could lead to
-<quote>could not access transaction status</> failures, which qualifies
-it as a potential-data-loss bug.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure that hashed outer join does not miss tuples</para>
-<para>
-Very large left joins using a hash join plan could fail to output unmatched
-left-side rows given just the right data distribution.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow running pg_ctl as root</para>
-<para>
-This is to guard against any possible security issues.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid using temp files in /tmp in make_oidjoins_check</para>
-<para>
-This has been reported as a security issue, though it's hardly worthy of
-concern since there is no reason for non-developers to use this script anyway.
-</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-7">
- <title>Release 7.3.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-08-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains one critical fix over 7.3.6, and some minor items.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.3.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Prevent possible loss of committed transactions during crash</para>
-<para>
-Due to insufficient interlocking between transaction commit and checkpointing,
-it was possible for transactions committed just before the most recent
-checkpoint to be lost, in whole or in part, following a database crash and
-restart. This is a serious bug that has existed
-since <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.1.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove asymmetrical word processing in tsearch (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Properly schema-qualify function names when pg_dump'ing a CAST</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-6">
- <title>Release 7.3.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-03-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.3.5.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running 7.3.*.
- </para>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Revert erroneous changes in rule permissions checking</para>
-<para>A patch applied in 7.3.3 to fix a corner case in rule permissions checks
-turns out to have disabled rule-related permissions checks in many
-not-so-corner cases. This would for example allow users to insert into views
-they weren't supposed to have permission to insert into. We have therefore
-reverted the 7.3.3 patch. The original bug will be fixed in 8.0.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair incorrect order of operations in
-GetNewTransactionId()</para>
-<para>
-This bug could result in failure under out-of-disk-space conditions, including
-inability to restart even after disk space is freed.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure configure selects -fno-strict-aliasing even when
-an external value for CFLAGS is supplied</para>
-<para>
-On some platforms, building with -fstrict-aliasing causes bugs.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make pg_restore handle 64-bit off_t correctly</para>
-<para>
-This bug prevented proper restoration from archive files exceeding 4 GB.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make contrib/dblink not assume that local and remote type OIDs
-match (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Quote connectby()'s start_with argument properly (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Don't crash when a rowtype argument to a plpgsql function is
-NULL</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid generating invalid character encoding sequences in
-corner cases when planning LIKE operations</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure text_position() cannot scan past end of source string
-in multibyte cases (Korea PostgreSQL Users' Group)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix index optimization and selectivity estimates for LIKE
-operations on bytea columns (Joe)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-5">
- <title>Release 7.3.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-12-03</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This has a variety of fixes from 7.3.4.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running 7.3.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Force zero_damaged_pages to be on during recovery from WAL</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent some obscure cases of <quote>variable not in subplan target lists</quote></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Force stats processes to detach from shared memory, ensuring cleaner shutdown</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make PQescapeBytea and byteaout consistent with each other (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Added missing SPI_finish() calls to dblink's get_tuple_of_interest() (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for possible foreign key violation when rule rewrites INSERT (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Support qualified type names in PL/Tcl's spi_prepare command (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make pg_dump handle a procedural language handler located in pg_catalog</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make pg_dump handle cases where a custom opclass is in another schema</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make pg_dump dump binary-compatible casts correctly (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix insertion of expressions containing subqueries into rule bodies</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect argument processing in clusterdb script (Anand Ranganathan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with dropped columns in plpython triggers</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair problems with to_char() reading past end of its input string (Karel)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix GB18030 mapping errors (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix several problems with SSL error handling and asynchronous SSL I/O</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove ability to bind a list of values to a single parameter in JDBC
-(prevents possible SQL-injection attacks)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix some errors in HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP code paths</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner case for btree search in parallel with first root page split</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-3-4">
- <title>Release 7.3.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-07-24</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This has a variety of fixes from 7.3.3.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running 7.3.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair breakage in timestamp-to-date conversion for dates before 2000</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent rare possibility of server startup failure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix bugs in interval-to-time conversion (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add constraint names in a few places in pg_dump (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve performance of functions with many parameters (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix to_ascii() buffer overruns (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent restore of database comments from throwing an error (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Work around buggy strxfrm() present in some Solaris releases (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Properly escape jdbc setObject() strings to improve security (Barry)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-3-3">
- <title>Release 7.3.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-05-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.2.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.3.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair sometimes-incorrect computation of StartUpID after a crash</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid slowness with lots of deferred triggers in one transaction (Stephan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Don't lock referenced row when <command>UPDATE</command> doesn't change foreign key's value (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Use <command>-fPIC</command> not <command>-fpic</command> on Sparc (Tom Callaway)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair lack of schema-awareness in contrib/reindexdb</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix contrib/intarray error for zero-element result array (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure createuser script will exit on control-C (Oliver)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix errors when the type of a dropped column has itself been dropped</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><command>CHECKPOINT</command> does not cause database panic on failure in noncritical steps</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Accept 60 in seconds fields of timestamp, time, interval input values</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Issue notice, not error, if <type>TIMESTAMP</type>,
-<type> TIME</type>, or <type>INTERVAL</type> precision too large</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>abstime-to-time</function> cast function (fix is
- not applied unless you <application>initdb</application>)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_proc</application> entry for
- <type>timestampt_izone</type> (fix is not applied unless you
- <application>initdb</application>)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM timestamp without time zone)</function> treat input as local time</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><command>'now'::timestamptz</command> gave wrong answer if timezone changed earlier in transaction</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><envar>HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP</envar> code for time with timezone overwrote its input</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Accept <command>GLOBAL TEMP/TEMPORARY</command> as a
- synonym for <command>TEMPORARY</command></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid improper schema-privilege-check failure in foreign-key triggers</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix bugs in foreign-key triggers for <command>SET DEFAULT</command> action</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect time-qual check in row fetch for
- <command>UPDATE</command> and <command>DELETE</command> triggers</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Foreign-key clauses were parsed but ignored in
- <command>ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN</command></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix createlang script breakage for case where handler function already exists</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix misbehavior on zero-column tables in <application>pg_dump</application>, COPY, ANALYZE, other places</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix misbehavior of <function>func_error()</function> on type names containing '%'</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix misbehavior of <function>replace()</function> on strings containing '%'</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Regular-expression patterns containing certain multibyte characters failed</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Account correctly for <command>NULL</command>s in more cases in join size estimation</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid conflict with system definition of <function>isblank()</function> function or macro</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix failure to convert large code point values in EUC_TW conversions (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix error recovery for <function>SSL_read</function>/<function>SSL_write</function> calls</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Don't do early constant-folding of type coercion expressions</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Validate page header fields immediately after reading in any page</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair incorrect check for ungrouped variables in unnamed joins</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix buffer overrun in <function>to_ascii</function> (Guido Notari)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/ltree fixes (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump in deadlock detection on machines where char is unsigned</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid running out of buffers in many-way indexscan (bug introduced in 7.3)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planner's selectivity estimation functions to handle domains properly</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>dbmirror</application> memory-allocation bug (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent infinite loop in <function>ln(numeric)</function> due to roundoff error</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><command>GROUP BY</command> got confused if there were multiple equal GROUP BY items</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix bad plan when inherited <command>UPDATE</command>/<command>DELETE</command> references another inherited table</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent clustering on incomplete (partial or non-NULL-storing) indexes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Service shutdown request at proper time if it arrives while still starting up</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix left-links in temporary indexes (could make backwards scans miss entries)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix incorrect handling of client_encoding setting in postgresql.conf (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix failure to respond to <command>pg_ctl stop -m fast</command> after Async_NotifyHandler runs</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix SPI for case where rule contains multiple statements of the same type</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with checking for wrong type of access privilege in rule query</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with <command>EXCEPT</command> in <command>CREATE RULE</command></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent problem with dropping temp tables having serial columns</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix replace_vars_with_subplan_refs failure in complex views</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix regexp slowness in single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow qualified type names in <command>CREATE CAST</command>
- and <command> DROP CAST</command></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Accept <function>SETOF type[]</function>, which formerly had to
- be written <function>SETOF _type</function></para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</application> core dump in some cases with procedural languages</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Force ISO datestyle in <application>pg_dump</application> output, for portability (Oliver)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><application>pg_dump</application> failed to handle error return
- from <function>lo_read</function> (Oleg Drokin)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><application>pg_dumpall</application> failed with groups having no members (Nick Eskelinen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para><application>pg_dumpall</application> failed to recognize --globals-only switch</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>pg_restore failed to restore blobs if -X disable-triggers is specified</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair intrafunction memory leak in plpgsql</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>pltcl's <command>elog</command> command dumped core if given wrong parameters (Ian Harding)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>plpython used wrong value of <envar>atttypmod</envar> (Brad McLean)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix improper quoting of boolean values in Python interface (D'Arcy)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Added <function>addDataType()</function> method to PGConnection interface for JDBC</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixed various problems with updateable ResultSets for JDBC (Shawn Green)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixed various problems with DatabaseMetaData for JDBC (Kris Jurka, Peter Royal)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixed problem with parsing table ACLs in JDBC</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Better error message for character set conversion problems in JDBC</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-3-2">
- <title>Release 7.3.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-02-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.1.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.3.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Restore creation of OID column in CREATE TABLE AS / SELECT INTO</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</> core dump when dumping views having comments</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Dump DEFERRABLE/INITIALLY DEFERRED constraints properly</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix UPDATE when child table's column numbering differs from parent</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Increase default value of max_fsm_relations</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem when fetching backwards in a cursor for a single-row query</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make backward fetch work properly with cursor on SELECT DISTINCT query</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problems with loading <application>pg_dump</> files containing contrib/lo usage</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with all-numeric user names</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix possible memory leak and core dump during disconnect in libpgtcl</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make plpython's spi_execute command handle nulls properly (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Adjust plpython error reporting so that its regression test passes again</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Work with bison 1.875</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle mixed-case names properly in plpgsql's %type (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump in pltcl when executing a query rewritten by a rule</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair array subscript overruns (per report from Yichen Xie)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reduce MAX_TIME_PRECISION from 13 to 10 in floating-point case</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Correctly case-fold variable names in per-database and per-user settings</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix coredump in plpgsql's RETURN NEXT when SELECT into record returns no rows</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix outdated use of pg_type.typprtlen in python client interface</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Correctly handle fractional seconds in timestamps in JDBC driver</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve performance of getImportedKeys() in JDBC</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make shared-library symlinks work standardly on HPUX (Giles)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair inconsistent rounding behavior for timestamp, time, interval</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>SSL negotiation fixes (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make libpq's ~/.pgpass feature work when connecting with PQconnectDB</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update my2pg, ora2pg</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Translation updates</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add casts between types lo and oid in contrib/lo</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>fastpath code now checks for privilege to call function</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-3-1">
- <title>Release 7.3.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2002-12-18</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.3.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.3. However, it should be noted that the main
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> interface library, libpq,
- has a new major version number for this release, which might require
- recompilation of client code in certain cases.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix a core dump of COPY TO when client/server encodings don't match (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow <application>pg_dump</> to work with pre-7.2 servers (Philip)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/adddepend fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with deletion of per-user/per-database config settings (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/vacuumlo fix (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow 'password' encryption even when pg_shadow contains MD5 passwords (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/dbmirror fix (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Optimizer fixes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/tsearch fixes (Teodor Sigaev, Magnus)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow locale names to be mixed case (Nicolai Tufar)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Increment libpq library's major version number (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>pg_hba.conf error reporting fixes (Bruce, Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add SCO Openserver 5.0.4 as a supported platform (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent EXPLAIN from crashing server (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>SSL fixes (Nathan Mueller)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent composite column creation via ALTER TABLE (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-3">
- <title>Release 7.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2002-11-27</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Schemas</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Schemas allow users to create objects in separate namespaces,
- so two people or applications can have tables with the same
- name. There is also a public schema for shared tables.
- Table/index creation can be restricted by removing privileges
- on the public schema.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Drop Column</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now supports the
- <literal>ALTER TABLE ... DROP COLUMN</literal> functionality.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Table Functions</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Functions returning multiple rows and/or multiple columns are
- now much easier to use than before. You can call such a
- <quote>table function</quote> in the <literal>SELECT</literal>
- <literal>FROM</literal> clause, treating its output like a
- table. Also, <application>PL/pgSQL</application> functions can
- now return sets.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Prepared Queries</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now supports prepared
- queries, for improved performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Dependency Tracking</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> now records object
- dependencies, which allows improvements in many areas.
- <command>DROP</command> statements now take either
- <literal>CASCADE</> or <literal>RESTRICT</> to control whether
- dependent objects are also dropped.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Privileges</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Functions and procedural languages now have privileges, and
- functions can be defined to run with the privileges of their
- creator.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Internationalization</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Both multibyte and locale support are now always enabled.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Logging</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A variety of logging options have been enhanced.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Interfaces</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A large number of interfaces have been moved to <ulink
- url="http://gborg.postgresql.org">http://gborg.postgresql.org</>
- where they can be developed and released independently.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Functions/Identifiers</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- By default, functions can now take up to 32 parameters, and
- identifiers can be up to 63 bytes long. Also, <literal>OPAQUE</>
- is now deprecated: there are specific <quote>pseudo-datatypes</>
- to represent each of the former meanings of <literal>OPAQUE</>
- in function argument and result types.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</> is required for those
- wishing to migrate data from any previous release. If your
- application examines the system catalogs, additional changes will
- be required due to the introduction of schemas in 7.3; for more
- information, see: <ulink
- url="http://developer.postgresql.org/~momjian/upgrade_tips_7.3"></>.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Pre-6.3 clients are no longer supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> now has a column for the user
- name and additional features. Existing files need to be
- adjusted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Several <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> logging parameters
- have been renamed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <literal>LIMIT #,#</literal> has been disabled; use
- <literal>LIMIT # OFFSET #</literal>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>INSERT</command> statements with column lists must
- specify a value for each specified column. For example,
- <literal>INSERT INTO tab (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1')</literal>
- is now invalid. It's still allowed to supply fewer columns than
- expected if the <command>INSERT</command> does not have a column list.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <type>serial</type> columns are no longer automatically
- <literal>UNIQUE</>; thus, an index will not automatically be
- created.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A <command>SET</command> command inside an aborted transaction
- is now rolled back.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <command>COPY</command> no longer considers missing trailing
- columns to be null. All columns need to be specified.
- (However, one can achieve a similar effect by specifying a
- column list in the <command>COPY</command> command.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The data type <type>timestamp</type> is now equivalent to
- <type>timestamp without time zone</type>, instead of
- <type>timestamp with time zone</type>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Pre-7.3 databases loaded into 7.3 will not have the new object
- dependencies for <type>serial</type> columns, unique
- constraints, and foreign keys. See the directory
- <filename>contrib/adddepend/</filename> for a detailed
- description and a script that will add such dependencies.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- An empty string (<literal>''</literal>) is no longer allowed as
- the input into an integer field. Formerly, it was silently
- interpreted as 0.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Operation</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_locks view to show locks (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Security fixes for password negotiation memory allocation (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove support for version 0 FE/BE protocol (<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 6.2 and earlier) (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reserve the last few backend slots for superusers, add parameter superuser_reserved_connections to control this (Nigel J. Andrews)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Improve startup by calling localtime() only once (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Cache system catalog information in flat files for faster startup (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve caching of index information (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom, Fernando Nasser)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Catalog caches now store failed lookups (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Hash function improvements (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve performance of query tokenization and network handling (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Speed improvement for large object restore (Mario Weilguni)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Mark expired index entries on first lookup, saving later heap fetches (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid excessive NULL bitmap padding (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add BSD-licensed qsort() for Solaris, for performance (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reduce per-row overhead by four bytes (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix GEQO optimizer bug (Neil Conway)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make WITHOUT OID actually save four bytes per row (Manfred Koizar)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add default_statistics_target variable to specify ANALYZE buckets (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Use local buffer cache for temporary tables so no WAL overhead (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve free space map performance on large tables (Stephen Marshall, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improved WAL write concurrency (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Privileges</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Add privileges on functions and procedural languages (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add OWNER to CREATE DATABASE so superusers can create databases on behalf of unprivileged users (Gavin Sherry, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add new object privilege bits EXECUTE and USAGE (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT and RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow functions to be executed with the privilege of the function owner (Peter)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Configuration</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Server log messages now tagged with LOG, not DEBUG (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add user column to pg_hba.conf (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Have log_connections output two lines in log file (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove debug_level from postgresql.conf, now server_min_messages (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New ALTER DATABASE/USER ... SET command for per-user/database initialization (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New parameters server_min_messages and client_min_messages to control which messages are sent to the server logs or client applications (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow pg_hba.conf to specify lists of users/databases separated by commas, group names prepended with +, and file names prepended with @ (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove secondary password file capability and pg_password utility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add variable db_user_namespace for database-local user names (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>SSL improvements (Bear Giles)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make encryption of stored passwords the default (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow pg_statistics to be reset by calling pg_stat_reset() (Christopher)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add log_duration parameter (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Rename debug_print_query to log_statement (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Rename show_query_stats to show_statement_stats (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add param log_min_error_statement to print commands to logs on error (Gavin)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Queries</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Make cursors insensitive, meaning their contents do not change (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disable LIMIT #,# syntax; now only LIMIT # OFFSET # supported (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Increase identifier length to 63 (Neil, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>UNION fixes for merging >= 3 columns of different lengths (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add DEFAULT key word to INSERT, e.g., INSERT ... (..., DEFAULT, ...) (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow views to have default values using ALTER COLUMN ... SET DEFAULT (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fail on INSERTs with column lists that don't supply all column values, e.g., INSERT INTO tab (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1'); (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for join aliases (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for FULL OUTER JOINs (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve reporting of invalid identifier and location (Tom, Gavin)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix OPEN cursor(args) (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow 'ctid' to be used in a view and currtid(viewname) (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for CREATE TABLE AS with UNION (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>SQL99 syntax improvements (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add statement_timeout variable to cancel queries (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow prepared queries with PREPARE/EXECUTE (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow FOR UPDATE to appear after LIMIT/OFFSET (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add variable autocommit (Tom, David Van Wie)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Object Manipulation</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Make equals signs optional in CREATE DATABASE (Gavin Sherry)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make ALTER TABLE OWNER change index ownership too (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New ALTER TABLE tabname ALTER COLUMN colname SET STORAGE controls TOAST storage, compression (John Gray)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add schema support, CREATE/DROP SCHEMA (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Create schema for temporary tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add variable search_path for schema search (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE SET/DROP NOT NULL (Christopher)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New CREATE FUNCTION volatility levels (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make rule names unique only per table (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add 'ON tablename' clause to DROP RULE and COMMENT ON RULE (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ALTER TRIGGER RENAME (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New current_schema() and current_schemas() inquiry functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow functions to return multiple rows (table functions) (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make WITH optional in CREATE DATABASE, for consistency (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add object dependency tracking (Rod, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add RESTRICT/CASCADE to DROP commands (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE DROP for non-CHECK CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Autodestroy sequence on DROP of table with SERIAL (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent column dropping if column is used by foreign key (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Automatically drop constraints/functions when object is dropped (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP OPERATOR CLASS (Bill Studenmund, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN (Christopher, Tom, Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent inherited columns from being removed or renamed (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix foreign key constraints to not error on intermediate database states (Stephan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Propagate column or table renaming to foreign key constraints</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW (Gavin, Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add CREATE OR REPLACE RULE (Gavin, Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Have rules execute alphabetically, returning more predictable values (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Triggers are now fired in alphabetical order (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/adddepend to handle pre-7.3 object dependencies (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow better casting when inserting/updating values (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Commands</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Have COPY TO output embedded carriage returns and newlines as \r and \n (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow DELIMITER in COPY FROM to be 8-bit clean (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make <application>pg_dump</> use ALTER TABLE ADD PRIMARY KEY, for performance (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disable brackets in multistatement rules (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disable VACUUM from being called inside a function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow dropdb and other scripts to use identifiers with spaces (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Restrict database comment changes to the current database</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow comments on operators, independent of the underlying function (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Rollback SET commands in aborted transactions (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>EXPLAIN now outputs as a query (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Display condition expressions and sort keys in EXPLAIN (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add 'SET LOCAL var = value' to set configuration variables for a single transaction (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow ANALYZE to run in a transaction (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve COPY syntax using new WITH clauses, keep backward compatibility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</> to consistently output tags in non-ASCII dumps (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make foreign key constraints clearer in dump file (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow COPY TO/FROM to specify column names (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Dump UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY constraints as ALTER TABLE (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Have SHOW output a query result (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Generate failure on short COPY lines rather than pad NULLs (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix CLUSTER to preserve all table attributes (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New pg_settings table to view/modify GUC settings (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add smart quoting, portability improvements to <application>pg_dump</> output (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Dump serial columns out as SERIAL (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Enable large file support, >2G for <application>pg_dump</> (Peter, Philip Warner, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow TRUNCATE on tables that are involved in referential constraints (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Have TRUNCATE also auto-truncate the toast table of the relation (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add clusterdb utility that will auto-cluster an entire database based on previous CLUSTER operations (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Overhaul pg_dumpall (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow REINDEX of TOAST tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Implemented START TRANSACTION, per SQL99 (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix rare index corruption when a page split affects bulk delete (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN for inheritance (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Data Types and Functions</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix factorial(0) to return 1 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Date/time/timezone improvements (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for array slice extraction (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix extract/date_part to report proper microseconds for timestamp (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow text_substr() and bytea_substr() to read TOAST values more efficiently (John Gray)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add domain support (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make WITHOUT TIME ZONE the default for TIMESTAMP and TIME data types (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow alternate storage scheme of 64-bit integers for date/time types using --enable-integer-datetimes in configure (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make timezone(timestamptz) return timestamp rather than a string (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow fractional seconds in date/time types for dates prior to 1BC (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Limit timestamp data types to 6 decimal places of precision (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Change timezone conversion functions from timetz() to timezone() (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add configuration variables datestyle and timezone (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add OVERLAY(), which allows substitution of a substring in a string (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add SIMILAR TO (Thomas, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add regular expression SUBSTRING(string FROM pat FOR escape) (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add LOCALTIME and LOCALTIMESTAMP functions (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add named composite types using CREATE TYPE typename AS (column) (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow composite type definition in the table alias clause (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add new API to simplify creation of C language table functions (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove ODBC-compatible empty parentheses from calls to SQL99 functions for which these parentheses do not match the standard (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow macaddr data type to accept 12 hex digits with no separators (Mike Wyer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP CAST (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add IS DISTINCT FROM operator (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add SQL99 TREAT() function, synonym for CAST() (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_backend_pid() to output backend pid (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add IS OF / IS NOT OF type predicate (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow bit string constants without fully-specified length (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow conversion between 8-byte integers and bit strings (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Implement hex literal conversion to bit string literal (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow table functions to appear in the FROM clause (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Increase maximum number of function parameters to 32 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>No longer automatically create index for SERIAL column (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add current_database() (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix cash_words() to not overflow buffer (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add functions replace(), split_part(), to_hex() (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix LIKE for bytea as a right-hand argument (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent crashes caused by SELECT cash_out(2) (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix to_char(1,'FM999.99') to return a period (Karel)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix trigger/type/language functions returning OPAQUE to return proper type (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Internationalization</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Add additional encodings: Korean (JOHAB), Thai (WIN874), Vietnamese (TCVN), Arabic (WIN1256), Simplified Chinese (GBK), Korean (UHC) (Eiji Tokuya)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Enable locale support by default (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add locale variables (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Escape byes >= 0x7f for multibyte in PQescapeBytea/PQunescapeBytea (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add locale awareness to regular expression character classes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Enable multibyte support by default (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add GB18030 multibyte support (Bill Huang)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add CREATE/DROP CONVERSION, allowing loadable encodings (Tatsuo, Kaori)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_conversion table (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add SQL99 CONVERT() function (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>pg_dumpall, pg_controldata, and pg_resetxlog now national-language aware (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New and updated translations</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server-side Languages</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Allow recursive SQL function (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Change PL/Tcl build to use configured compiler and Makefile.shlib (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Overhaul the PL/pgSQL FOUND variable to be more Oracle-compatible (Neil, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow PL/pgSQL to handle quoted identifiers (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow set-returning PL/pgSQL functions (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make PL/pgSQL schema-aware (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove some memory leaks (Nigel J. Andrews, Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>psql</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Don't lowercase psql \connect database name for 7.2.0 compatibility (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add psql \timing to time user queries (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Have psql \d show index information (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New psql \dD shows domains (Jonathan Eisler)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow psql to show rules on views (Paul ?)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for psql variable substitution (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow psql \d to show temporary table structure (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow psql \d to show foreign keys (Rod)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix \? to honor \pset pager (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Have psql reports its version number on startup (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow \copy to specify column names (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>libpq</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Add ~/.pgpass to store host/user password combinations (Alvaro Herrera)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add PQunescapeBytea() function to libpq (Patrick Welche)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for sending large queries over non-blocking connections (Bernhard Herzog)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for libpq using timers on Win9X (David Ford)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow libpq notify to handle servers with different-length identifiers (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add libpq PQescapeString() and PQescapeBytea() to Windows (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for SSL with non-blocking connections (Jack Bates)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add libpq connection timeout parameter (Denis A Ustimenko)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>JDBC</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Allow JDBC to compile with JDK 1.4 (Dave)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add JDBC 3 support (Barry)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allows JDBC to set loglevel by adding ?loglevel=X to the connection URL (Barry)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add Driver.info() message that prints out the version number (Barry)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add updateable result sets (Raghu Nidagal, Dave)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add support for callable statements (Paul Bethe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add query cancel capability</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add refresh row (Dave)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix MD5 encryption handling for multibyte servers (Jun Kawai)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add support for prepared statements (Barry)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Miscellaneous Interfaces</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fixed ECPG bug concerning octal numbers in single quotes (Michael)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpgeasy to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve Python interface (Elliot Lee, Andrew Johnson, Greg Copeland)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add libpgtcl connection close event (Gerhard Hintermayer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpq++ to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/odbc to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/libpgeasy to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Move src/interfaces/perl5 to http://gborg.postgresql.org (Marc, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove src/bin/pgaccess from main tree, now at http://www.pgaccess.org (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_on_connection_loss command to libpgtcl (Gerhard Hintermayer, Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix for parallel make (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>AIX fixes for linking Tcl (Andreas Zeugswetter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow PL/Perl to build under Cygwin (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve MIPS compiles (Peter, Oliver Elphick)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Require Autoconf version 2.53 (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Require readline and zlib by default in configure (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow Solaris to use Intimate Shared Memory (ISM), for performance (Scott Brunza, P.J. Josh Rovero)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Always enable syslog in compile, remove --enable-syslog option (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Always enable multibyte in compile, remove --enable-multibyte option (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Always enable locale in compile, remove --enable-locale option (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for Win9x DLL creation (Magnus Naeslund)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for link() usage by WAL code on Windows, BeOS (Jason Tishler)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add sys/types.h to c.h, remove from main files (Peter, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix AIX hang on SMP machines (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>AIX SMP hang fix (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix pre-1970 date handling on newer glibc libraries (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix PowerPC SMP locking (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent gcc -ffast-math from being used (Peter, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Bison >= 1.50 now required for developer builds</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Kerberos 5 support now builds with Heimdal (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add appendix in the User's Guide which lists SQL features (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve loadable module linking to use RTLD_NOW (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New error levels WARNING, INFO, LOG, DEBUG[1-5] (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New src/port directory holds replaced libc functions (Peter, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New pg_namespace system catalog for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_class.relnamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_type.typnamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_proc.pronamespace for schemas (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Restructure aggregates to have pg_proc entries (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>System relations now have their own namespace, pg_* test not required (Fernando Nasser)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Rename TOAST index names to be *_index rather than *_idx (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add namespaces for operators, opclasses (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add additional checks to server control file (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New Polish FAQ (Marcin Mazurek)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add Posix semaphore support (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Document need for reindex (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Rename some internal identifiers to simplify Windows compile (Jan, Katherine Ward)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add documentation on computing disk space (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove KSQO from GUC (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix memory leak in rtree (Kenneth Been)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Modify a few error messages for consistency (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove unused system table columns (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make system columns NOT NULL where appropriate (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Clean up use of sprintf in favor of snprintf() (Neil, Jukka Holappa)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove OPAQUE and create specific subtypes (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Cleanups in array internal handling (Joe, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow pg_atoi('') (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove parameter wal_files because WAL files are now recycled (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add version numbers to heap pages (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Allow inet arrays in /contrib/array (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>GiST fixes (Teodor Sigaev, Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Upgrade /contrib/mysql</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/dbsize which shows table sizes without vacuum (Peter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/intagg, integer aggregator routines (mlw)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve /contrib/oid2name (Neil, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve /contrib/tsearch (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Cleanups of /contrib/rserver (Alexey V. Borzov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update /contrib/oracle conversion utility (Gilles Darold)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update /contrib/dblink (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve options supported by /contrib/vacuumlo (Mario Weilguni)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improvements to /contrib/intarray (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev, Andrey Oktyabrski)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/reindexdb utility (Shaun Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add indexing to /contrib/isbn_issn (Dan Weston)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/dbmirror (Steven Singer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve /contrib/pgbench (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/tablefunc table function examples (Joe)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add /contrib/ltree data type for tree structures (Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Move /contrib/pg_controldata, pg_resetxlog into main tree (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes to /contrib/cube (Bruno Wolff)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve /contrib/fulltextindex (Christopher)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-2-8">
- <title>Release 7.2.8</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-05-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.2.7, including one
- security-related issue.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.8</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.2.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair ancient race condition that allowed a transaction to be
-seen as committed for some purposes (eg SELECT FOR UPDATE) slightly sooner
-than for other purposes</para>
-<para>This is an extremely serious bug since it could lead to apparent
-data inconsistencies being briefly visible to applications.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair race condition between relation extension and
-VACUUM</para>
-<para>This could theoretically have caused loss of a page's worth of
-freshly-inserted data, although the scenario seems of very low probability.
-There are no known cases of it having caused more than an Assert failure.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <function>EXTRACT(EPOCH)</> for
-<type>TIME WITH TIME ZONE</> values</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Additional buffer overrun checks in plpgsql
-(Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix pg_dump to dump index names and trigger names containing
-<literal>%</> correctly (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent <function>to_char(interval)</> from dumping core for
-month-related formats</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <filename>contrib/pgcrypto</> for newer OpenSSL builds
-(Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-2-7">
- <title>Release 7.2.7</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2005-01-31</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.2.6, including several
- security-related issues.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.7</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.2.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Disallow <command>LOAD</> to non-superusers</para>
-<para>
-On platforms that will automatically execute initialization functions of a
-shared library (this includes at least Windows and ELF-based Unixen),
-<command>LOAD</> can be used to make the server execute arbitrary code.
-Thanks to NGS Software for reporting this.</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add needed STRICT marking to some contrib functions (Kris
-Jurka)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid buffer overrun when plpgsql cursor declaration has too
-many parameters (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix planning error for FULL and RIGHT outer joins</para>
-<para>
-The result of the join was mistakenly supposed to be sorted the same as the
-left input. This could not only deliver mis-sorted output to the user, but
-in case of nested merge joins could give outright wrong answers.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix display of negative intervals in SQL and GERMAN
-datestyles</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-2-6">
- <title>Release 7.2.6</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-10-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.2.5.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.6</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.2.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Repair possible failure to update hint bits on disk</para>
-<para>
-Under rare circumstances this oversight could lead to
-<quote>could not access transaction status</> failures, which qualifies
-it as a potential-data-loss bug.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure that hashed outer join does not miss tuples</para>
-<para>
-Very large left joins using a hash join plan could fail to output unmatched
-left-side rows given just the right data distribution.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow running pg_ctl as root</para>
-<para>
-This is to guard against any possible security issues.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid using temp files in /tmp in make_oidjoins_check</para>
-<para>
-This has been reported as a security issue, though it's hardly worthy of
-concern since there is no reason for non-developers to use this script anyway.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update to newer versions of Bison</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
-
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-2-5">
- <title>Release 7.2.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2004-08-16</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes from 7.2.4.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is not required for those running 7.2.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Prevent possible loss of committed transactions during crash</para>
-<para>
-Due to insufficient interlocking between transaction commit and checkpointing,
-it was possible for transactions committed just before the most recent
-checkpoint to be lost, in whole or in part, following a database crash and
-restart. This is a serious bug that has existed
-since <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.1.
-</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix corner case for btree search in parallel with first root page split</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix buffer overrun in <function>to_ascii</function> (Guido Notari)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix core dump in deadlock detection on machines where char is unsigned</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix failure to respond to <command>pg_ctl stop -m fast</command> after Async_NotifyHandler runs</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair memory leaks in pg_dump</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid conflict with system definition of <function>isblank()</function> function or macro</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-2-4">
- <title>Release 7.2.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2003-01-30</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.3,
- including fixes to prevent possible data loss.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.4</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.2.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix some additional cases of VACUUM "No one parent tuple was found" error</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent VACUUM from being called inside a function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Ensure pg_clog updates are sync'd to disk before marking checkpoint complete</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Avoid integer overflow during large hash joins</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make GROUP commands work when pg_group.grolist is large enough to be toasted</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix errors in datetime tables; some timezone names weren't being recognized</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix integer overflows in circle_poly(), path_encode(), path_add() (Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Repair long-standing logic errors in lseg_eq(), lseg_ne(), lseg_center()</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-2-3">
- <title>Release 7.2.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2002-10-01</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.2,
- including fixes to prevent possible data loss.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.2.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Prevent possible compressed transaction log loss (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent non-superuser from increasing most recent vacuum info (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle pre-1970 date values in newer versions of glibc (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix possible hang during server shutdown</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent spinlock hangs on SMP PPC machines (Tomoyuki Niijima)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix <application>pg_dump</> to properly dump FULL JOIN USING (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-2-2">
- <title>Release 7.2.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2002-08-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.1.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.2.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Allow EXECUTE of "CREATE TABLE AS ... SELECT" in PL/pgSQL (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for compressed transaction log id wraparound (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix PQescapeBytea/PQunescapeBytea so that they handle bytes > 0x7f (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for psql and <application>pg_dump</> crashing when invoked with non-existent long options (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix crash when invoking geometric operators (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow OPEN cursor(args) (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for rtree_gist index build (Teodor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for dumping user-defined aggregates (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/intarray fixes (Oleg)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for complex UNION/EXCEPT/INTERSECT queries using parens (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix to pg_convert (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for crash with long DATA strings (Thomas, Neil)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for repeat(), lpad(), rpad() and long strings (Neil)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-2-1">
- <title>Release 7.2.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2002-03-21</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains a variety of fixes for version 7.2.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those
- running version 7.2.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Ensure that sequence counters do not go backwards after a crash (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix pgaccess kanji-conversion key binding (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Cash I/O improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New Russian FAQ</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Compile fix for missing AuthBlockSig (Heiko)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Additional time zones and time zone fixes (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow psql \connect to handle mixed case database and user names (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Return proper OID on command completion even with ON INSERT rules (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow COPY FROM to use 8-bit DELIMITERS (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in extract/date_part for milliseconds/microseconds (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve handling of multiple UNIONs with different lengths (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/btree_gist improvements (Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/tsearch dictionary improvements, see README.tsearch for an additional installation step (Thomas T. Thai, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for array subscripts handling (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow EXECUTE of "CREATE TABLE AS ... SELECT" in PL/pgSQL (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-7-2">
- <title>Release 7.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2002-02-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Overview</title>
-
- <para>
- This release improves <productname>PostgreSQL</> for use in
- high-volume applications.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>VACUUM</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Vacuuming no longer locks tables, thus allowing normal user
- access during the vacuum. A new <command>VACUUM FULL</>
- command does old-style vacuum by locking the table and
- shrinking the on-disk copy of the table.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Transactions</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- There is no longer a problem with installations that exceed
- four billion transactions.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>OIDs</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- OIDs are now optional. Users can now create tables without
- OIDs for cases where OID usage is excessive.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Optimizer</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The system now computes histogram column statistics during
- <command>ANALYZE</>, allowing much better optimizer choices.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Security</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A new MD5 encryption option allows more secure storage and
- transfer of passwords. A new Unix-domain socket
- authentication option is available on Linux and BSD systems.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Statistics</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Administrators can use the new table access statistics module
- to get fine-grained information about table and index usage.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Internationalization</term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Program and library messages can now be displayed in several
- languages.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <command>pg_dump</command> is required for
- those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Observe the following incompatibilities:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The semantics of the <command>VACUUM</command> command have
- changed in this release. You might wish to update your
- maintenance procedures accordingly.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- In this release, comparisons using <literal>= NULL</literal>
- will always return false (or NULL, more precisely). Previous
- releases automatically transformed this syntax to <literal>IS
- NULL</literal>. The old behavior can be re-enabled using a
- <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> parameter.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The <filename>pg_hba.conf</> and <filename>pg_ident.conf</>
- configuration is now only reloaded after receiving a
- <systemitem>SIGHUP</> signal, not with each connection.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The function <filename>octet_length()</> now returns the uncompressed data length.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The date/time value <literal>'current'</literal> is no longer
- available. You will need to rewrite your applications.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The <literal>timestamp()</literal>, <literal>time()</literal>,
- and <literal>interval()</literal> functions are no longer
- available. Instead of <literal>timestamp()</literal>, use
- <literal>timestamp 'string'</literal> or <literal>CAST</literal>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- The <literal>SELECT ... LIMIT #,#</literal> syntax will be removed
- in the next release. You should change your queries to use
- separate LIMIT and OFFSET clauses, e.g. <literal>LIMIT 10 OFFSET
- 20</literal>.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Operation</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Create temporary files in a separate directory (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Delete orphaned temporary files on postmaster startup (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Added unique indexes to some system tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>System table operator reorganization (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Renamed pg_log to pg_clog (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Enable SIGTERM, SIGQUIT to kill backends (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Removed compile-time limit on number of backends (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Better cleanup for semaphore resource failure (Tatsuo, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow safe transaction ID wraparound (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Removed OIDs from some system tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Removed "triggered data change violation" error check (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>SPI portal creation of prepared/saved plans (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow SPI column functions to work for system columns (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Long value compression improvement (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Statistics collector for table, index access (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Truncate extra-long sequence names to a reasonable value (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Measure transaction times in milliseconds (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix TID sequential scans (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Superuser ID now fixed at 1 (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New pg_ctl "reload" option (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Performance</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Optimizer improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New histogram column statistics for optimizer (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reuse write-ahead log files rather than discarding them (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Cache improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>IS NULL, IS NOT NULL optimizer improvement (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve lock manager to reduce lock contention (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Keep relcache entries for index access support functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow better selectivity with NaN and infinities in NUMERIC (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>R-tree performance improvements (Kenneth Been)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>B-tree splits more efficient (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Privileges</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Change UPDATE, DELETE privileges to be distinct (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New REFERENCES, TRIGGER privileges (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow GRANT/REVOKE to/from more than one user at a time (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New has_table_privilege() function (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow non-superuser to vacuum database (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION command (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix bug in privilege modifications on newly created tables (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow access to pg_statistic for non-superuser, add user-accessible views (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Client Authentication</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fork postmaster before doing authentication to prevent hangs (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ident authentication over Unix domain sockets on Linux, *BSD (Helge Bahmann, Oliver Elphick, Teodor Sigaev, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add a password authentication method that uses MD5 encryption (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow encryption of stored passwords using MD5 (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>PAM authentication (Dominic J. Eidson)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Load pg_hba.conf and pg_ident.conf only on startup and SIGHUP (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Server Configuration</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Interpretation of some time zone abbreviations as Australian rather than North American now settable at run time (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New parameter to set default transaction isolation level (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New parameter to enable conversion of "expr = NULL" into "expr IS NULL", off by default (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New parameter to control memory usage by VACUUM (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New parameter to set client authentication timeout (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New parameter to set maximum number of open files (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Queries</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Statements added by INSERT rules now execute after the INSERT (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent unadorned relation names in target list (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>NULLs now sort after all normal values in ORDER BY (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New IS UNKNOWN, IS NOT UNKNOWN Boolean tests (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE lock mode (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New EXPLAIN ANALYZE command that shows run times and row counts (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix problem with LIMIT and subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for LIMIT, DISTINCT ON pushed into subqueries (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix nested EXCEPT/INTERSECT (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Schema Manipulation</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Fix SERIAL in temporary tables (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow temporary sequences (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Sequences now use int8 internally (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New SERIAL8 creates int8 columns with sequences, default still SERIAL4 (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make OIDs optional using WITHOUT OIDS (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add %TYPE syntax to CREATE TYPE (Ian Lance Taylor)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE / DROP CONSTRAINT for CHECK constraints (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION to alter existing function (preserving the function OID) (Gavin Sherry)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ALTER TABLE / ADD [ UNIQUE | PRIMARY ] (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow column renaming in views</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make ALTER TABLE / RENAME COLUMN update column names of indexes (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for ALTER TABLE / ADD CONSTRAINT ... CHECK with inherited tables (Stephan Szabo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>ALTER TABLE RENAME update foreign-key trigger arguments correctly (Brent Verner)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>DROP AGGREGATE and COMMENT ON AGGREGATE now accept an aggtype (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add automatic return type data casting for SQL functions (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow GiST indexes to handle NULLs and multikey indexes (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Enable partial indexes (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Utility Commands</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Add RESET ALL, SHOW ALL (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>CREATE/ALTER USER/GROUP now allow options in any order (Vince)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add LOCK A, B, C functionality (Neil Padgett)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New ENCRYPTED/UNENCRYPTED option to CREATE/ALTER USER (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New light-weight VACUUM does not lock table; old semantics are available as VACUUM FULL (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disable COPY TO/FROM on views (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>COPY DELIMITERS string must be exactly one character (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>VACUUM warning about index tuples fewer than heap now only appears when appropriate (Martijn van Oosterhout)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix privilege checks for CREATE INDEX (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Disallow inappropriate use of CREATE/DROP INDEX/TRIGGER/VIEW (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Data Types and Functions</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>SUM(), AVG(), COUNT() now uses int8 internally for speed (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add convert(), convert2() (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New function bit_length() (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make the "n" in CHAR(n)/VARCHAR(n) represents letters, not bytes (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>CHAR(), VARCHAR() now reject strings that are too long (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>BIT VARYING now rejects bit strings that are too long (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>BIT now rejects bit strings that do not match declared size (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>INET, CIDR text conversion functions (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>INET, CIDR operators << and <<= indexable (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Bytea \### now requires valid three digit octal number</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Bytea comparison improvements, now supports =, <>, >, >=, <, and <=</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Bytea now supports B-tree indexes</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Bytea now supports LIKE, LIKE...ESCAPE, NOT LIKE, NOT LIKE...ESCAPE</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Bytea now supports concatenation</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New bytea functions: position, substring, trim, btrim, and length</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New encode() function mode, "escaped", converts minimally escaped bytea to/from text</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_database_encoding_max_length() (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add pg_client_encoding() function (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>now() returns time with millisecond precision (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIMEZONE data type (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ISO date/time specification with "T", yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New xid/int comparison functions (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add precision to TIME, TIMESTAMP, and INTERVAL data types (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Modify type coercion logic to attempt binary-compatible functions first (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New encode() function installed by default (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improved to_*() conversion functions (Karel Zak)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Optimize LIKE/ILIKE when using single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New functions in contrib/pgcrypto: crypt(), hmac(), encrypt(), gen_salt() (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Correct description of translate() function (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add INTERVAL argument for SET TIME ZONE (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH (etc.) syntax (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Optimize length functions when using single-byte encodings (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix path_inter, path_distance, path_length, dist_ppath to handle closed paths (Curtis Barrett, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>octet_length(text) now returns non-compressed length (Tatsuo, Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle "July" full name in date/time literals (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Some datatype() function calls now evaluated differently</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add support for Julian and ISO time specifications (Thomas)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Internationalization</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>National language support in psql, <application>pg_dump</>, libpq, and server (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Message translations in Chinese (simplified, traditional), Czech, French, German, Hungarian, Russian, Swedish (Peter E, Serguei A. Mokhov, Karel Zak, Weiping He, Zhenbang Wei, Kovacs Zoltan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make trim, ltrim, rtrim, btrim, lpad, rpad, translate multibyte aware (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add LATIN5,6,7,8,9,10 support (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ISO 8859-5,6,7,8 support (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Correct LATIN5 to mean ISO-8859-9, not ISO-8859-5 (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make mic2ascii() non-ASCII aware (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reject invalid multibyte character sequences (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>PL/pgSQL</></title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Now uses portals for SELECT loops, allowing huge result sets (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>CURSOR and REFCURSOR support (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Can now return open cursors (Jan)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add ELSEIF (Klaus Reger)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve PL/pgSQL error reporting, including location of error (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow IS or FOR key words in cursor declaration, for compatibility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for SELECT ... FOR UPDATE (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for PERFORM returning multiple rows (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make PL/pgSQL use the server's type coercion code (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Memory leak fix (Jan, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Make trailing semicolon optional (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Perl</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>New untrusted PL/Perl (Alex Pilosov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>PL/Perl is now built on some platforms even if libperl is not shared (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Tcl</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Now reports errorInfo (Vsevolod Lobko)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>PL/Python</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>...is new (Andrew Bosma)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>psql</></title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>\d displays indexes in unique, primary groupings (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow trailing semicolons in backslash commands (Greg Sabino Mullane)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Read password from /dev/tty if possible</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Force new password prompt when changing user and database (Tatsuo, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Format the correct number of columns for Unicode (Patrice)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>libpq</></title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>New function PQescapeString() to escape quotes in command strings (Florian Weimer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New function PQescapeBytea() escapes binary strings for use as SQL string literals</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>JDBC</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Return OID of INSERT (Ken K)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle more data types (Ken K)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle single quotes and newlines in strings (Ken K)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Handle NULL variables (Ken K)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for time zone handling (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improved Druid support</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow eight-bit characters with non-multibyte server (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Support BIT, BINARY types (Ned Wolpert)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reduce memory usage (Michael Stephens, Dave Cramer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Update DatabaseMetaData (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add DatabaseMetaData.getCatalogs() (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Encoding fixes (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Get/setCatalog methods (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>DatabaseMetaData.getColumns() now returns column defaults (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>DatabaseMetaData.getColumns() performance improvement (Jeroen van Vianen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Some JDBC1 and JDBC2 merging (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Transaction performance improvements (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Array fixes (Greg Zoller)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Serialize addition </para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix batch processing (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>ExecSQL method reorganization (Anders Bengtsson)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>GetColumn() fixes (Jeroen van Vianen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix isWriteable() function (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improved passage of JDBC2 conformance tests (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add bytea type capability (Barry Lind)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add isNullable() (Rene Pijlman)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>JDBC date/time test suite fixes (Liam Stewart)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for SELECT 'id' AS xxx FROM table (Dave Cramer)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix DatabaseMetaData to show precision properly (Mark Lillywhite)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New getImported/getExported keys (Jason Davies)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>MD5 password encryption support (Jeremy Wohl)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix to actually use type cache (Ned Wolpert)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>ODBC</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Remove query size limit (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove text field size limit (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for SQLPrimaryKeys in multibyte mode (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow ODBC procedure calls (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve boolean handing (Aidan Mountford)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Most configuration options now settable via DSN (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Multibyte, performance fixes (Hiroshi)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Allow driver to be used with iODBC or unixODBC (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>MD5 password encryption support (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add more compatibility functions to odbc.sql (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title><application>ECPG</></title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>EXECUTE ... INTO implemented (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Multiple row descriptor support (e.g. CARDINALITY) (Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for GRANT parameters (Lee Kindness)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix INITIALLY DEFERRED bug</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Various bug fixes (Michael, Christof Petig)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Auto allocation for indicator variable arrays (int *ind_p=NULL)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Auto allocation for string arrays (char **foo_pp=NULL)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>ECPGfree_auto_mem fixed</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>All function names with external linkage are now prefixed by ECPG</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes for arrays of structures (Michael)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Misc. Interfaces</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Python fix fetchone() (Gerhard Haring)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Use UTF, Unicode in Tcl where appropriate (Vsevolod Lobko, Reinhard Max)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add Tcl COPY TO/FROM (ljb)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Prevent output of default index op class in <application>pg_dump</> (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix libpgeasy memory leak (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Build and Install</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Configure, dynamic loader, and shared library fixes (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes in QNX 4 port (Bernd Tegge)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fixes in Cygwin and Windows ports (Jason Tishler, Gerhard Haring, Dmitry Yurtaev, Darko Prenosil, Mikhail Terekhov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix for Windows socket communication failures (Magnus, Mikhail Terekhov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Hurd compile fix (Oliver Elphick)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>BeOS fixes (Cyril Velter)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove configure --enable-unicode-conversion, now enabled by multibyte (Tatsuo)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>AIX fixes (Tatsuo, Andreas)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Fix parallel make (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Install SQL language manual pages into OS-specific directories (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Rename config.h to pg_config.h (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Reorganize installation layout of header files (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Source Code</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>Remove SEP_CHAR (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New GUC hooks (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Merge GUC and command line handling (Marko Kreen)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove EXTEND INDEX (Martijn van Oosterhout, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New pgjindent utility to indent java code (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Remove define of true/false when compiling under C++ (Leandro Fanzone, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>pgindent fixes (Bruce, Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Replace strcasecmp() with strcmp() where appropriate (Peter E)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Dynahash portability improvements (Tom)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add 'volatile' usage in spinlock structures</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Improve signal handling logic (Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Contrib</title>
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem><para>New contrib/rtree_gist (Oleg Bartunov, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New contrib/tsearch full-text indexing (Oleg, Teodor Sigaev)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add contrib/dblink for remote database access (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/ora2pg Oracle conversion utility (Gilles Darold)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/xml XML conversion utility (John Gray)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>contrib/fulltextindex fixes (Christopher Kings-Lynne)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New contrib/fuzzystrmatch with levenshtein and metaphone, soundex merged (Joe Conway)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add contrib/intarray boolean queries, binary search, fixes (Oleg Bartunov)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>New pg_upgrade utility (Bruce)</para></listitem>
-<listitem><para>Add new pg_resetxlog options (Bruce, Tom)</para></listitem>
-</itemizedlist>
- </sect3>
- </sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-1-3">
- <title>Release 7.1.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2001-08-15</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.1.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 7.1.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Remove unused WAL segments of large transactions (Tom)
-Multiaction rule fix (Tom)
-PL/pgSQL memory allocation fix (Jan)
-VACUUM buffer fix (Tom)
-Regression test fixes (Tom)
-pg_dump fixes for GRANT/REVOKE/comments on views, user-defined types (Tom)
-Fix subselects with DISTINCT ON or LIMIT (Tom)
-BeOS fix
-Disable COPY TO/FROM a view (Tom)
-Cygwin build (Jason Tishler)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-1-2">
- <title>Release 7.1.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2001-05-11</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This has one fix from 7.1.1.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.1.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 7.1.X.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Fix PL/pgSQL SELECTs when returning no rows
-Fix for psql backslash core dump
-Referential integrity privilege fix
-Optimizer fixes
-pg_dump cleanups
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-1-1">
- <title>Release 7.1.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2001-05-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This has a variety of fixes from 7.1.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.1.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 7.1.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Fix for numeric MODULO operator (Tom)
-pg_dump fixes (Philip)
-pg_dump can dump 7.0 databases (Philip)
-readline 4.2 fixes (Peter E)
-JOIN fixes (Tom)
-AIX, MSWIN, VAX, N32K fixes (Tom)
-Multibytes fixes (Tom)
-Unicode fixes (Tatsuo)
-Optimizer improvements (Tom)
-Fix for whole rows in functions (Tom)
-Fix for pg_ctl and option strings with spaces (Peter E)
-ODBC fixes (Hiroshi)
-EXTRACT can now take string argument (Thomas)
-Python fixes (Darcy)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-1">
- <title>Release 7.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2001-04-13</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release focuses on removing limitations that have existed in the
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> code for many years.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Write-ahead Log (WAL)
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
-To maintain database consistency in case of an operating system crash,
-previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> have forced
-all data modifications to disk before each transaction commit. With
-WAL, only one log file must be flushed to disk, greatly improving
-performance. If you have been using -F in previous releases to
-disable disk flushes, you might want to consider discontinuing its use.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- TOAST
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- TOAST - Previous releases had a compiled-in row length limit,
-typically 8k - 32k. This limit made storage of long text fields
-difficult. With TOAST, long rows of any length can be stored with good
-performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Outer Joins
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
-We now support outer joins. The UNION/NOT IN
-workaround for outer joins is no longer required. We use the SQL92
-outer join syntax.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Function Manager
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
-The previous C function manager did not
-handle null values properly, nor did it support 64-bit <acronym>CPU</acronym>'s (Alpha). The new
-function manager does. You can continue using your old custom
-functions, but you might want to rewrite them in the future to use the new
-function manager call interface.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Complex Queries
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
-A large number of complex queries that were
-unsupported in previous releases now work. Many combinations of views,
-aggregates, UNION, LIMIT, cursors, subqueries, and inherited tables
-now work properly. Inherited tables are now accessed by default.
-Subqueries in FROM are now supported.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- </variablelist>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using pg_dump is required for those wishing to migrate
- data from any previous release.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-Many multibyte/Unicode/locale fixes (Tatsuo and others)
-More reliable ALTER TABLE RENAME (Tom)
-Kerberos V fixes (David Wragg)
-Fix for INSERT INTO...SELECT where targetlist has subqueries (Tom)
-Prompt username/password on standard error (Bruce)
-Large objects inv_read/inv_write fixes (Tom)
-Fixes for to_char(), to_date(), to_ascii(), and to_timestamp() (Karel,
- Daniel Baldoni)
-Prevent query expressions from leaking memory (Tom)
-Allow UPDATE of arrays elements (Tom)
-Wake up lock waiters during cancel (Hiroshi)
-Fix rare cursor crash when using hash join (Tom)
-Fix for DROP TABLE/INDEX in rolled-back transaction (Hiroshi)
-Fix psql crash from \l+ if MULTIBYTE enabled (Peter E)
-Fix truncation of rule names during CREATE VIEW (Ross Reedstrom)
-Fix PL/perl (Alex Kapranoff)
-Disallow LOCK on views (Mark Hollomon)
-Disallow INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE on views (Mark Hollomon)
-Disallow DROP RULE, CREATE INDEX, TRUNCATE on views (Mark Hollomon)
-Allow PL/pgSQL accept non-ASCII identifiers (Tatsuo)
-Allow views to proper handle GROUP BY, aggregates, DISTINCT (Tom)
-Fix rare failure with TRUNCATE command (Tom)
-Allow UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT to be used with ALL, subqueries, views,
- DISTINCT, ORDER BY, SELECT...INTO (Tom)
-Fix parser failures during aborted transactions (Tom)
-Allow temporary relations to properly clean up indexes (Bruce)
-Fix VACUUM problem with moving rows in same page (Tom)
-Modify pg_dump to better handle user-defined items in template1 (Philip)
-Allow LIMIT in VIEW (Tom)
-Require cursor FETCH to honor LIMIT (Tom)
-Allow PRIMARY/FOREIGN Key definitions on inherited columns (Stephan)
-Allow ORDER BY, LIMIT in subqueries (Tom)
-Allow UNION in CREATE RULE (Tom)
-Make ALTER/DROP TABLE rollback-able (Vadim, Tom)
-Store initdb collation in pg_control so collation cannot be changed (Tom)
-Fix INSERT...SELECT with rules (Tom)
-Fix FOR UPDATE inside views and subselects (Tom)
-Fix OVERLAPS operators conform to SQL92 spec regarding NULLs (Tom)
-Fix lpad() and rpad() to handle length less than input string (Tom)
-Fix use of NOTIFY in some rules (Tom)
-Overhaul btree code (Tom)
-Fix NOT NULL use in Pl/pgSQL variables (Tom)
-Overhaul GIST code (Oleg)
-Fix CLUSTER to preserve constraints and column default (Tom)
-Improved deadlock detection handling (Tom)
-Allow multiple SERIAL columns in a table (Tom)
-Prevent occasional index corruption (Vadim)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-Add OUTER JOINs (Tom)
-Function manager overhaul (Tom)
-Allow ALTER TABLE RENAME on indexes (Tom)
-Improve CLUSTER (Tom)
-Improve ps status display for more platforms (Peter E, Marc)
-Improve CREATE FUNCTION failure message (Ross)
-JDBC improvements (Peter, Travis Bauer, Christopher Cain, William Webber,
- Gunnar)
-Grand Unified Configuration scheme/GUC. Many options can now be set in
- data/postgresql.conf, postmaster/postgres flags, or SET commands (Peter E)
-Improved handling of file descriptor cache (Tom)
-New warning code about auto-created table alias entries (Bruce)
-Overhaul initdb process (Tom, Peter E)
-Overhaul of inherited tables; inherited tables now accessed by default;
- new ONLY key word prevents it (Chris Bitmead, Tom)
-ODBC cleanups/improvements (Nick Gorham, Stephan Szabo, Zoltan Kovacs,
- Michael Fork)
-Allow renaming of temp tables (Tom)
-Overhaul memory manager contexts (Tom)
-pg_dumpall uses CREATE USER or CREATE GROUP rather using COPY (Peter E)
-Overhaul pg_dump (Philip Warner)
-Allow pg_hba.conf secondary password file to specify only username (Peter E)
-Allow TEMPORARY or TEMP key word when creating temporary tables (Bruce)
-New memory leak checker (Karel)
-New SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS (Thomas)
-Allow nested block comments (Thomas)
-Add WITHOUT TIME ZONE type qualifier (Thomas)
-New ALTER TABLE ADD CONSTRAINT (Stephan)
-Use NUMERIC accumulators for INTEGER aggregates (Tom)
-Overhaul aggregate code (Tom)
-New VARIANCE and STDDEV() aggregates
-Improve dependency ordering of pg_dump (Philip)
-New pg_restore command (Philip)
-New pg_dump tar output option (Philip)
-New pg_dump of large objects (Philip)
-New ESCAPE option to LIKE (Thomas)
-New case-insensitive LIKE - ILIKE (Thomas)
-Allow functional indexes to use binary-compatible type (Tom)
-Allow SQL functions to be used in more contexts (Tom)
-New pg_config utility (Peter E)
-New PL/pgSQL EXECUTE command which allows dynamic SQL and utility statements
- (Jan)
-New PL/pgSQL GET DIAGNOSTICS statement for SPI value access (Jan)
-New quote_identifiers() and quote_literal() functions (Jan)
-New ALTER TABLE table OWNER TO user command (Mark Hollomon)
-Allow subselects in FROM, i.e. FROM (SELECT ...) [AS] alias (Tom)
-Update PyGreSQL to version 3.1 (D'Arcy)
-Store tables as files named by OID (Vadim)
-New SQL function setval(seq,val,bool) for use in pg_dump (Philip)
-Require DROP VIEW to remove views, no DROP TABLE (Mark)
-Allow DROP VIEW view1, view2 (Mark)
-Allow multiple objects in DROP INDEX, DROP RULE, and DROP TYPE (Tom)
-Allow automatic conversion to/from Unicode (Tatsuo, Eiji)
-New /contrib/pgcrypto hashing functions (Marko Kreen)
-New pg_dumpall --globals-only option (Peter E)
-New CHECKPOINT command for WAL which creates new WAL log file (Vadim)
-New AT TIME ZONE syntax (Thomas)
-Allow location of Unix domain socket to be configurable (David J. MacKenzie)
-Allow postmaster to listen on a specific IP address (David J. MacKenzie)
-Allow socket path name to be specified in hostname by using leading slash
- (David J. MacKenzie)
-Allow CREATE DATABASE to specify template database (Tom)
-New utility to convert MySQL schema dumps to SQL92 and PostgreSQL (Thomas)
-New /contrib/rserv replication toolkit (Vadim)
-New file format for COPY BINARY (Tom)
-New /contrib/oid2name to map numeric files to table names (B Palmer)
-New "idle in transaction" ps status message (Marc)
-Update to pgaccess 0.98.7 (Constantin Teodorescu)
-pg_ctl now defaults to -w (wait) on shutdown, new -l (log) option
-Add rudimentary dependency checking to pg_dump (Philip)
-
-Types
------
-Fix INET/CIDR type ordering and add new functions (Tom)
-Make OID behave as an unsigned type (Tom)
-Allow BIGINT as synonym for INT8 (Peter E)
-New int2 and int8 comparison operators (Tom)
-New BIT and BIT VARYING types (Adriaan Joubert, Tom, Peter E)
-CHAR() no longer faster than VARCHAR() because of TOAST (Tom)
-New GIST seg/cube examples (Gene Selkov)
-Improved round(numeric) handling (Tom)
-Fix CIDR output formatting (Tom)
-New CIDR abbrev() function (Tom)
-
-Performance
------------
-Write-Ahead Log (WAL) to provide crash recovery with less performance
- overhead (Vadim)
-ANALYZE stage of VACUUM no longer exclusively locks table (Bruce)
-Reduced file seeks (Denis Perchine)
-Improve BTREE code for duplicate keys (Tom)
-Store all large objects in a single table (Denis Perchine, Tom)
-Improve memory allocation performance (Karel, Tom)
-
-Source Code
------------
-New function manager call conventions (Tom)
-SGI portability fixes (David Kaelbling)
-New configure --enable-syslog option (Peter E)
-New BSDI README (Bruce)
-configure script moved to top level, not /src (Peter E)
-Makefile/configuration/compilation overhaul (Peter E)
-New configure --with-python option (Peter E)
-Solaris cleanups (Peter E)
-Overhaul /contrib Makefiles (Karel)
-New OpenSSL configuration option (Magnus, Peter E)
-AIX fixes (Andreas)
-QNX fixes (Maurizio)
-New heap_open(), heap_openr() API (Tom)
-Remove colon and semi-colon operators (Thomas)
-New pg_class.relkind value for views (Mark Hollomon)
-Rename ichar() to chr() (Karel)
-New documentation for btrim(), ascii(), chr(), repeat() (Karel)
-Fixes for NT/Cygwin (Pete Forman)
-AIX port fixes (Andreas)
-New BeOS port (David Reid, Cyril Velter)
-Add proofreader's changes to docs (Addison-Wesley, Bruce)
-New Alpha spinlock code (Adriaan Joubert, Compaq)
-UnixWare port overhaul (Peter E)
-New Darwin/MacOS X port (Peter Bierman, Bruce Hartzler)
-New FreeBSD Alpha port (Alfred)
-Overhaul shared memory segments (Tom)
-Add IBM S/390 support (Neale Ferguson)
-Moved macmanuf to /contrib (Larry Rosenman)
-Syslog improvements (Larry Rosenman)
-New template0 database that contains no user additions (Tom)
-New /contrib/cube and /contrib/seg GIST sample code (Gene Selkov)
-Allow NetBSD's libedit instead of readline (Peter)
-Improved assembly language source code format (Bruce)
-New contrib/pg_logger
-New --template option to createdb
-New contrib/pg_control utility (Oliver)
-New FreeBSD tools ipc_check, start-scripts/freebsd
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-0-3">
- <title>Release 7.0.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2000-11-11</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This has a variety of fixes from 7.0.2.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.0.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 7.0.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Jdbc fixes (Peter)
-Large object fix (Tom)
-Fix lean in COPY WITH OIDS leak (Tom)
-Fix backwards-index-scan (Tom)
-Fix SELECT ... FOR UPDATE so it checks for duplicate keys (Hiroshi)
-Add --enable-syslog to configure (Marc)
-Fix abort transaction at backend exit in rare cases (Tom)
-Fix for psql \l+ when multibyte enabled (Tatsuo)
-Allow PL/pgSQL to accept non ascii identifiers (Tatsuo)
-Make vacuum always flush buffers (Tom)
-Fix to allow cancel while waiting for a lock (Hiroshi)
-Fix for memory allocation problem in user authentication code (Tom)
-Remove bogus use of int4out() (Tom)
-Fixes for multiple subqueries in COALESCE or BETWEEN (Tom)
-Fix for failure of triggers on heap open in certain cases (Jeroen van
- Vianen)
-Fix for erroneous selectivity of not-equals (Tom)
-Fix for erroneous use of strcmp() (Tom)
-Fix for bug where storage manager accesses items beyond end of file
- (Tom)
-Fix to include kernel errno message in all smgr elog messages (Tom)
-Fix for '.' not in PATH at build time (SL Baur)
-Fix for out-of-file-descriptors error (Tom)
-Fix to make pg_dump dump 'iscachable' flag for functions (Tom)
-Fix for subselect in targetlist of Append node (Tom)
-Fix for mergejoin plans (Tom)
-Fix TRUNCATE failure on relations with indexes (Tom)
-Avoid database-wide restart on write error (Hiroshi)
-Fix nodeMaterial to honor chgParam by recomputing its output (Tom)
-Fix VACUUM problem with moving chain of update row versions when source
- and destination of a row version lie on the same page (Tom)
-Fix user.c CommandCounterIncrement (Tom)
-Fix for AM/PM boundary problem in to_char() (Karel Zak)
-Fix TIME aggregate handling (Tom)
-Fix to_char() to avoid coredump on NULL input (Tom)
-Buffer fix (Tom)
-Fix for inserting/copying longer multibyte strings into char() data
- types (Tatsuo)
-Fix for crash of backend, on abort (Tom)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-0-2">
- <title>Release 7.0.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2000-06-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This is a repackaging of 7.0.1 with added documentation.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.0.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 7.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Added documentation to tarball.
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-0-1">
- <title>Release 7.0.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2000-06-01</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This is a cleanup release for 7.0.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.0.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 7.0.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Fix many CLUSTER failures (Tom)
-Allow ALTER TABLE RENAME works on indexes (Tom)
-Fix plpgsql to handle datetime->timestamp and timespan->interval (Bruce)
-New configure --with-setproctitle switch to use setproctitle() (Marc, Bruce)
-Fix the off by one errors in ResultSet from 6.5.3, and more.
-jdbc ResultSet fixes (Joseph Shraibman)
-optimizer tunings (Tom)
-Fix create user for pgaccess
-Fix for UNLISTEN failure
-IRIX fixes (David Kaelbling)
-QNX fixes (Andreas Kardos)
-Reduce COPY IN lock level (Tom)
-Change libpqeasy to use PQconnectdb() style parameters (Bruce)
-Fix pg_dump to handle OID indexes (Tom)
-Fix small memory leak (Tom)
-Solaris fix for createdb/dropdb (Tatsuo)
-Fix for non-blocking connections (Alfred Perlstein)
-Fix improper recovery after RENAME TABLE failures (Tom)
-Copy pg_ident.conf.sample into /lib directory in install (Bruce)
-Add SJIS UDC (NEC selection IBM kanji) support (Eiji Tokuya)
-Fix too long syslog message (Tatsuo)
-Fix problem with quoted indexes that are too long (Tom)
-JDBC ResultSet.getTimestamp() fix (Gregory Krasnow & Floyd Marinescu)
-ecpg changes (Michael)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-7-0">
- <title>Release 7.0</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>2000-05-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release contains improvements in many areas, demonstrating
- the continued growth of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
- There are more improvements and fixes in 7.0 than in any previous
- release. The developers have confidence that this is the best
- release yet; we do our best to put out only solid releases, and
- this one is no exception.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Major changes in this release:
- </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Foreign Keys
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Foreign keys are now implemented, with the exception of PARTIAL MATCH
- foreign keys. Many users have been asking for this feature, and we are
- pleased to offer it.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Optimizer Overhaul
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Continuing on work started a year ago, the optimizer has been
- improved, allowing better query plan selection and faster performance
- with less memory usage.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Updated <application>psql</application>
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>psql</application>, our interactive terminal monitor, has been
- updated with a variety of new features. See the <application>psql</application> manual page for details.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Join Syntax
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- SQL92 join syntax is now supported, though only as
- <literal>INNER JOIN</> for this release. <literal>JOIN</>,
- <literal>NATURAL JOIN</>, <literal>JOIN</>/<literal>USING</>,
- and <literal>JOIN</>/<literal>ON</> are available, as are
- column correlation names.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- </varlistentry>
- </variablelist>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 7.0</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
- is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
- previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
- For those upgrading from 6.5.*, you can instead use
- <application>pg_upgrade</application> to upgrade to this
- release; however, a full dump/reload installation is always the
- most robust method for upgrades.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Interface and compatibility issues to consider for the new
- release include:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The date/time types <type>datetime</type> and
- <type>timespan</type> have been superseded by the
- SQL92-defined types <type>timestamp</type> and
- <type>interval</type>. Although there has been some effort to
- ease the transition by allowing
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to recognize
- the deprecated type names and translate them to the new type
- names, this mechanism cannot be completely transparent to
- your existing application.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The optimizer has been substantially improved in the area of
- query cost estimation. In some cases, this will result in
- decreased query times as the optimizer makes a better choice
- for the preferred plan. However, in a small number of cases,
- usually involving pathological distributions of data, your
- query times might go up. If you are dealing with large amounts
- of data, you might want to check your queries to verify
- performance.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The <acronym>JDBC</acronym> and <acronym>ODBC</acronym>
- interfaces have been upgraded and extended.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- The string function <function>CHAR_LENGTH</function> is now a
- native function. Previous versions translated this into a call
- to <function>LENGTH</function>, which could result in
- ambiguity with other types implementing
- <function>LENGTH</function> such as the geometric types.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-Prevent function calls exceeding maximum number of arguments (Tom)
-Improve CASE construct (Tom)
-Fix SELECT coalesce(f1,0) FROM int4_tbl GROUP BY f1 (Tom)
-Fix SELECT sentence.words[0] FROM sentence GROUP BY sentence.words[0] (Tom)
-Fix GROUP BY scan bug (Tom)
-Improvements in SQL grammar processing (Tom)
-Fix for views involved in INSERT ... SELECT ... (Tom)
-Fix for SELECT a/2, a/2 FROM test_missing_target GROUP BY a/2 (Tom)
-Fix for subselects in INSERT ... SELECT (Tom)
-Prevent INSERT ... SELECT ... ORDER BY (Tom)
-Fixes for relations greater than 2GB, including vacuum
-Improve propagating system table changes to other backends (Tom)
-Improve propagating user table changes to other backends (Tom)
-Fix handling of temp tables in complex situations (Bruce, Tom)
-Allow table locking at table open, improving concurrent reliability (Tom)
-Properly quote sequence names in pg_dump (Ross J. Reedstrom)
-Prevent DROP DATABASE while others accessing
-Prevent any rows from being returned by GROUP BY if no rows processed (Tom)
-Fix SELECT COUNT(1) FROM table WHERE ...' if no rows matching WHERE (Tom)
-Fix pg_upgrade so it works for MVCC (Tom)
-Fix for SELECT ... WHERE x IN (SELECT ... HAVING SUM(x) > 1) (Tom)
-Fix for "f1 datetime DEFAULT 'now'" (Tom)
-Fix problems with CURRENT_DATE used in DEFAULT (Tom)
-Allow comment-only lines, and ;;; lines too. (Tom)
-Improve recovery after failed disk writes, disk full (Hiroshi)
-Fix cases where table is mentioned in FROM but not joined (Tom)
-Allow HAVING clause without aggregate functions (Tom)
-Fix for "--" comment and no trailing newline, as seen in perl interface
-Improve pg_dump failure error reports (Bruce)
-Allow sorts and hashes to exceed 2GB file sizes (Tom)
-Fix for pg_dump dumping of inherited rules (Tom)
-Fix for NULL handling comparisons (Tom)
-Fix inconsistent state caused by failed CREATE/DROP commands (Hiroshi)
-Fix for dbname with dash
-Prevent DROP INDEX from interfering with other backends (Tom)
-Fix file descriptor leak in verify_password()
-Fix for "Unable to identify an operator =$" problem
-Fix ODBC so no segfault if CommLog and Debug enabled (Dirk Niggemann)
-Fix for recursive exit call (Massimo)
-Fix for extra-long timezones (Jeroen van Vianen)
-Make pg_dump preserve primary key information (Peter E)
-Prevent databases with single quotes (Peter E)
-Prevent DROP DATABASE inside transaction (Peter E)
-ecpg memory leak fixes (Stephen Birch)
-Fix for SELECT null::text, SELECT int4fac(null) and SELECT 2 + (null) (Tom)
-Y2K timestamp fix (Massimo)
-Fix for VACUUM 'HEAP_MOVED_IN was not expected' errors (Tom)
-Fix for views with tables/columns containing spaces (Tom)
-Prevent privileges on indexes (Peter E)
-Fix for spinlock stuck problem when error is generated (Hiroshi)
-Fix ipcclean on Linux
-Fix handling of NULL constraint conditions (Tom)
-Fix memory leak in odbc driver (Nick Gorham)
-Fix for privilege check on UNION tables (Tom)
-Fix to allow SELECT 'a' LIKE 'a' (Tom)
-Fix for SELECT 1 + NULL (Tom)
-Fixes to CHAR
-Fix log() on numeric type (Tom)
-Deprecate ':' and ';' operators
-Allow vacuum of temporary tables
-Disallow inherited columns with the same name as new columns
-Recover or force failure when disk space is exhausted (Hiroshi)
-Fix INSERT INTO ... SELECT with AS columns matching result columns
-Fix INSERT ... SELECT ... GROUP BY groups by target columns not source columns (Tom)
-Fix CREATE TABLE test (a char(5) DEFAULT text '', b int4) with INSERT (Tom)
-Fix UNION with LIMIT
-Fix CREATE TABLE x AS SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2
-Fix CREATE TABLE test(col char(2) DEFAULT user)
-Fix mismatched types in CREATE TABLE ... DEFAULT
-Fix SELECT * FROM pg_class where oid in (0,-1)
-Fix SELECT COUNT('asdf') FROM pg_class WHERE oid=12
-Prevent user who can create databases can modifying pg_database table (Peter E)
-Fix btree to give a useful elog when key > 1/2 (page - overhead) (Tom)
-Fix INSERT of 0.0 into DECIMAL(4,4) field (Tom)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-New CLI interface include file sqlcli.h, based on SQL3/SQL98
-Remove all limits on query length, row length limit still exists (Tom)
-Add TRUNCATE command to quickly truncate relation (Mike Mascari)
-Fix to give super user and createdb user proper update catalog rights (Peter E)
-Allow ecpg bool variables to have NULL values (Christof)
-Issue ecpg error if NULL value for variable with no NULL indicator (Christof)
-Allow ^C to cancel COPY command (Massimo)
-Add SET FSYNC and SHOW PG_OPTIONS commands(Massimo)
-Function name overloading for dynamically-loaded C functions (Frankpitt)
-Add CmdTuples() to libpq++(Vince)
-New CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER and SET CONSTRAINTS commands(Jan)
-Allow CREATE FUNCTION/WITH clause to be used for all language types
-configure --enable-debug adds -g (Peter E)
-configure --disable-debug removes -g (Peter E)
-Allow more complex default expressions (Tom)
-First real FOREIGN KEY constraint trigger functionality (Jan)
-Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH FULL ... ON DELETE CASCADE (Jan)
-Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH <unspecified> referential actions (Don Baccus)
-Allow WHERE restriction on ctid (physical heap location) (Hiroshi)
-Move pginterface from contrib to interface directory, rename to pgeasy (Bruce)
-Change pgeasy connectdb() parameter ordering (Bruce)
-Require SELECT DISTINCT target list to have all ORDER BY columns (Tom)
-libpq's PQsetNoticeProcessor function now returns previous hook(Peter E)
-Prevent PQsetNoticeProcessor from being set to NULL (Peter E)
-Make USING in COPY optional (Bruce)
-Allow subselects in the target list (Tom)
-Allow subselects on the left side of comparison operators (Tom)
-New parallel regression test (Jan)
-Change backend-side COPY to write files with permissions 644 not 666 (Tom)
-Force permissions on PGDATA directory to be secure, even if it exists (Tom)
-Added psql LASTOID variable to return last inserted oid (Peter E)
-Allow concurrent vacuum and remove pg_vlock vacuum lock file (Tom)
-Add privilege check for vacuum (Peter E)
-New libpq functions to allow asynchronous connections: PQconnectStart(),
- PQconnectPoll(), PQresetStart(), PQresetPoll(), PQsetenvStart(),
- PQsetenvPoll(), PQsetenvAbort (Ewan Mellor)
-New libpq PQsetenv() function (Ewan Mellor)
-create/alter user extension (Peter E)
-New postmaster.pid and postmaster.opts under $PGDATA (Tatsuo)
-New scripts for create/drop user/db (Peter E)
-Major psql overhaul (Peter E)
-Add const to libpq interface (Peter E)
-New libpq function PQoidValue (Peter E)
-Show specific non-aggregate causing problem with GROUP BY (Tom)
-Make changes to pg_shadow recreate pg_pwd file (Peter E)
-Add aggregate(DISTINCT ...) (Tom)
-Allow flag to control COPY input/output of NULLs (Peter E)
-Make postgres user have a password by default (Peter E)
-Add CREATE/ALTER/DROP GROUP (Peter E)
-All administration scripts now support --long options (Peter E, Karel)
-Vacuumdb script now supports --all option (Peter E)
-ecpg new portable FETCH syntax
-Add ecpg EXEC SQL IFDEF, EXEC SQL IFNDEF, EXEC SQL ELSE, EXEC SQL ELIF
- and EXEC SQL ENDIF directives
-Add pg_ctl script to control backend start-up (Tatsuo)
-Add postmaster.opts.default file to store start-up flags (Tatsuo)
-Allow --with-mb=SQL_ASCII
-Increase maximum number of index keys to 16 (Bruce)
-Increase maximum number of function arguments to 16 (Bruce)
-Allow configuration of maximum number of index keys and arguments (Bruce)
-Allow unprivileged users to change their passwords (Peter E)
-Password authentication enabled; required for new users (Peter E)
-Disallow dropping a user who owns a database (Peter E)
-Change initdb option --with-mb to --enable-multibyte
-Add option for initdb to prompts for superuser password (Peter E)
-Allow complex type casts like col::numeric(9,2) and col::int2::float8 (Tom)
-Updated user interfaces on initdb, initlocation, pg_dump, ipcclean (Peter E)
-New pg_char_to_encoding() and pg_encoding_to_char() functions (Tatsuo)
-libpq non-blocking mode (Alfred Perlstein)
-Improve conversion of types in casts that don't specify a length
-New plperl internal programming language (Mark Hollomon)
-Allow COPY IN to read file that do not end with a newline (Tom)
-Indicate when long identifiers are truncated (Tom)
-Allow aggregates to use type equivalency (Peter E)
-Add Oracle's to_char(), to_date(), to_datetime(), to_timestamp(), to_number()
-Add SELECT DISTINCT ON (expr [, expr ...]) targetlist ... (Tom)
-Check to be sure ORDER BY is compatible with the DISTINCT operation (Tom)
-Add NUMERIC and int8 types to ODBC
-Improve EXPLAIN results for Append, Group, Agg, Unique (Tom)
-Add ALTER TABLE ... ADD FOREIGN KEY (Stephan Szabo)
-Allow SELECT .. FOR UPDATE in PL/pgSQL (Hiroshi)
-Enable backward sequential scan even after reaching EOF (Hiroshi)
-Add btree indexing of boolean values, >= and <= (Don Baccus)
-Print current line number when COPY FROM fails (Massimo)
-Recognize POSIX time zone e.g. "PST+8" and "GMT-8" (Thomas)
-Add DEC as synonym for DECIMAL (Thomas)
-Add SESSION_USER as SQL92 key word, same as CURRENT_USER (Thomas)
-Implement SQL92 column aliases (aka correlation names) (Thomas)
-Implement SQL92 join syntax (Thomas)
-Make INTERVAL reserved word allowed as a column identifier (Thomas)
-Implement REINDEX command (Hiroshi)
-Accept ALL in aggregate function SUM(ALL col) (Tom)
-Prevent GROUP BY from using column aliases (Tom)
-New psql \encoding option (Tatsuo)
-Allow PQrequestCancel() to terminate when in waiting-for-lock state (Hiroshi)
-Allow negation of a negative number in all cases
-Add ecpg descriptors (Christof, Michael)
-Allow CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT f1::char(8) FROM tbl
-Allow casts with length, like foo::char(8)
-New libpq functions PQsetClientEncoding(), PQclientEncoding() (Tatsuo)
-Add support for SJIS user defined characters (Tatsuo)
-Larger views/rules supported
-Make libpq's PQconndefaults() thread-safe (Tom)
-Disable // as comment to be ANSI conforming, should use -- (Tom)
-Allow column aliases on views CREATE VIEW name (collist)
-Fixes for views with subqueries (Tom)
-Allow UPDATE table SET fld = (SELECT ...) (Tom)
-SET command options no longer require quotes
-Update pgaccess to 0.98.6
-New SET SEED command
-New pg_options.sample file
-New SET FSYNC command (Massimo)
-Allow pg_descriptions when creating tables
-Allow pg_descriptions when creating types, columns, and functions
-Allow psql \copy to allow delimiters (Peter E)
-Allow psql to print nulls as distinct from "" [null] (Peter E)
-
-Types
------
-Many array fixes (Tom)
-Allow bare column names to be subscripted as arrays (Tom)
-Improve type casting of int and float constants (Tom)
-Cleanups for int8 inputs, range checking, and type conversion (Tom)
-Fix for SELECT timespan('21:11:26'::time) (Tom)
-netmask('x.x.x.x/0') is 255.255.255.255 instead of 0.0.0.0 (Oleg Sharoiko)
-Add btree index on NUMERIC (Jan)
-Perl fix for large objects containing NUL characters (Douglas Thomson)
-ODBC fix for large objects (free)
-Fix indexing of cidr data type
-Fix for Ethernet MAC addresses (macaddr type) comparisons
-Fix for date/time types when overflows happened in computations (Tom)
-Allow array on int8 (Peter E)
-Fix for rounding/overflow of NUMERIC type, like NUMERIC(4,4) (Tom)
-Allow NUMERIC arrays
-Fix bugs in NUMERIC ceil() and floor() functions (Tom)
-Make char_length()/octet_length including trailing blanks (Tom)
-Made abstime/reltime use int4 instead of time_t (Peter E)
-New lztext data type for compressed text fields
-Revise code to handle coercion of int and float constants (Tom)
-Start at new code to implement a BIT and BIT VARYING type (Adriaan Joubert)
-NUMERIC now accepts scientific notation (Tom)
-NUMERIC to int4 rounds (Tom)
-Convert float4/8 to NUMERIC properly (Tom)
-Allow type conversion with NUMERIC (Thomas)
-Make ISO date style (2000-02-16 09:33) the default (Thomas)
-Add NATIONAL CHAR [ VARYING ] (Thomas)
-Allow NUMERIC round and trunc to accept negative scales (Tom)
-New TIME WITH TIME ZONE type (Thomas)
-Add MAX()/MIN() on time type (Thomas)
-Add abs(), mod(), fac() for int8 (Thomas)
-Rename functions to round(), sqrt(), cbrt(), pow() for float8 (Thomas)
-Add transcendental math functions (e.g. sin(), acos()) for float8 (Thomas)
-Add exp() and ln() for NUMERIC type
-Rename NUMERIC power() to pow() (Thomas)
-Improved TRANSLATE() function (Edwin Ramirez, Tom)
-Allow X=-Y operators (Tom)
-Allow SELECT float8(COUNT(*))/(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t) FROM t GROUP BY f1; (Tom)
-Allow LOCALE to use indexes in regular expression searches (Tom)
-Allow creation of functional indexes to use default types
-
-Performance
------------
-Prevent exponential space consumption with many AND's and OR's (Tom)
-Collect attribute selectivity values for system columns (Tom)
-Reduce memory usage of aggregates (Tom)
-Fix for LIKE optimization to use indexes with multibyte encodings (Tom)
-Fix r-tree index optimizer selectivity (Thomas)
-Improve optimizer selectivity computations and functions (Tom)
-Optimize btree searching for cases where many equal keys exist (Tom)
-Enable fast LIKE index processing only if index present (Tom)
-Re-use free space on index pages with duplicates (Tom)
-Improve hash join processing (Tom)
-Prevent descending sort if result is already sorted(Hiroshi)
-Allow commuting of index scan query qualifications (Tom)
-Prefer index scans in cases where ORDER BY/GROUP BY is required (Tom)
-Allocate large memory requests in fix-sized chunks for performance (Tom)
-Fix vacuum's performance by reducing memory allocation requests (Tom)
-Implement constant-expression simplification (Bernard Frankpitt, Tom)
-Use secondary columns to be used to determine start of index scan (Hiroshi)
-Prevent quadruple use of disk space when doing internal sorting (Tom)
-Faster sorting by calling fewer functions (Tom)
-Create system indexes to match all system caches (Bruce, Hiroshi)
-Make system caches use system indexes (Bruce)
-Make all system indexes unique (Bruce)
-Improve pg_statistics management for VACUUM speed improvement (Tom)
-Flush backend cache less frequently (Tom, Hiroshi)
-COPY now reuses previous memory allocation, improving performance (Tom)
-Improve optimization cost estimation (Tom)
-Improve optimizer estimate of range queries x > lowbound AND x < highbound (Tom)
-Use DNF instead of CNF where appropriate (Tom, Taral)
-Further cleanup for OR-of-AND WHERE-clauses (Tom)
-Make use of index in OR clauses (x = 1 AND y = 2) OR (x = 2 AND y = 4) (Tom)
-Smarter optimizer computations for random index page access (Tom)
-New SET variable to control optimizer costs (Tom)
-Optimizer queries based on LIMIT, OFFSET, and EXISTS qualifications (Tom)
-Reduce optimizer internal housekeeping of join paths for speedup (Tom)
-Major subquery speedup (Tom)
-Fewer fsync writes when fsync is not disabled (Tom)
-Improved LIKE optimizer estimates (Tom)
-Prevent fsync in SELECT-only queries (Vadim)
-Make index creation use psort code, because it is now faster (Tom)
-Allow creation of sort temp tables > 1 Gig
-
-Source Tree Changes
--------------------
-Fix for linux PPC compile
-New generic expression-tree-walker subroutine (Tom)
-Change form() to varargform() to prevent portability problems
-Improved range checking for large integers on Alphas
-Clean up #include in /include directory (Bruce)
-Add scripts for checking includes (Bruce)
-Remove un-needed #include's from *.c files (Bruce)
-Change #include's to use <> and "" as appropriate (Bruce)
-Enable Windows compilation of libpq
-Overhaul of optimizer data structures (Tom)
-Fix to cygipc library (Yutaka Tanida)
-Allow pgsql to work on newer Cygwin snapshots (Dan)
-New catalog version number (Tom)
-Add Linux ARM
-Rename heap_replace to heap_update
-Update for QNX (Dr. Andreas Kardos)
-New platform-specific regression handling (Tom)
-Rename oid8 -> oidvector and int28 -> int2vector (Bruce)
-Included all yacc and lex files into the distribution (Peter E.)
-Remove lextest, no longer needed (Peter E)
-Fix for libpq and psql on Windows (Magnus)
-Internally change datetime and timespan into timestamp and interval (Thomas)
-Fix for plpgsql on BSD/OS
-Add SQL_ASCII test case to the regression test (Tatsuo)
-configure --with-mb now deprecated (Tatsuo)
-NT fixes
-Fixes for Alpha compiles
-New multibyte encodings
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-6-5-3">
- <title>Release 6.5.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1999-10-13</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5.2. We have added a new
- <application>PgAccess</> that was missing in 6.5.2, and installed an NT-specific fix.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 6.5.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 6.5.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Updated version of pgaccess 0.98
-NT-specific patch
-Fix dumping rules on inherited tables
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
- <sect1 id="release-6-5-2">
- <title>Release 6.5.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1999-09-15</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5.1. We have fixed a variety of
- problems reported by 6.5.1 users.
- </para>
-
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 6.5.2</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 6.5.*.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-subselect+CASE fixes(Tom)
-Add SHLIB_LINK setting for solaris_i386 and solaris_sparc ports(Daren Sefcik)
-Fixes for CASE in WHERE join clauses(Tom)
-Fix BTScan abort(Tom)
-Repair the check for redundant UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY indexes(Thomas)
-Improve it so that it checks for multicolumn constraints(Thomas)
-Fix for Windows making problem with MB enabled(Hiroki Kataoka)
-Allow BSD yacc and bison to compile pl code(Bruce)
-Fix SET NAMES working
-int8 fixes(Thomas)
-Fix vacuum's memory consumption(Hiroshi,Tatsuo)
-Reduce the total memory consumption of vacuum(Tom)
-Fix for timestamp(datetime)
-Rule deparsing bugfixes(Tom)
-Fix quoting problems in mkMakefile.tcldefs.sh.in and mkMakefile.tkdefs.sh.in(Tom)
-This is to re-use space on index pages freed by vacuum(Vadim)
-document -x for pg_dump(Bruce)
-Fix for unary operators in rule deparser(Tom)
-Comment out FileUnlink of excess segments during mdtruncate()(Tom)
-Repair logic error in LIKE: should not return LIKE_ABORT
- when reach end of pattern before end of text(Tom)
-Repair incorrect cleanup of heap memory allocation during transaction abort(Tom)
-Updated version of pgaccess 0.98
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-6-5-1">
- <title>Release 6.5.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1999-07-15</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This is basically a cleanup release for 6.5. We have fixed a variety of
- problems reported by 6.5 users.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 6.5.1</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
- 6.5.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Add NT README file
-Portability fixes for linux_ppc, IRIX, linux_alpha, OpenBSD, alpha
-Remove QUERY_LIMIT, use SELECT...LIMIT
-Fix for EXPLAIN on inheritance(Tom)
-Patch to allow vacuum on multisegment tables(Hiroshi)
-R-Tree optimizer selectivity fix(Tom)
-ACL file descriptor leak fix(Atsushi Ogawa)
-New expression subtree code(Tom)
-Avoid disk writes for read-only transactions(Vadim)
-Fix for removal of temp tables if last transaction was aborted(Bruce)
-Fix to prevent too large row from being created(Bruce)
-plpgsql fixes
-Allow port numbers 32k - 64k(Bruce)
-Add ^ precedence(Bruce)
-Rename sort files called pg_temp to pg_sorttemp(Bruce)
-Fix for microseconds in time values(Tom)
-Tutorial source cleanup
-New linux_m68k port
-Fix for sorting of NULL's in some cases(Tom)
-Shared library dependencies fixed (Tom)
-Fixed glitches affecting GROUP BY in subselects(Tom)
-Fix some compiler warnings (Tomoaki Nishiyama)
-Add Win1250 (Czech) support (Pavel Behal)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-6-5">
- <title>Release 6.5</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1999-06-09</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- This release marks a major step in the development team's mastery of the source
- code we inherited from Berkeley. You will see we are now easily adding
- major features, thanks to the increasing size and experience of our
- world-wide development team.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Here is a brief summary of the more notable changes:
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Multiversion concurrency control(MVCC)
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- This removes our old table-level locking, and replaces it with
- a locking system that is superior to most commercial database
- systems. In a traditional system, each row that is modified
- is locked until committed, preventing reads by other users.
- MVCC uses the natural multiversion nature of
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> to allow readers to
- continue reading consistent data during writer activity.
- Writers continue to use the compact pg_log transaction system.
- This is all performed without having to allocate a lock for
- every row like traditional database systems. So, basically,
- we no longer are restricted by simple table-level locking; we
- have something better than row-level locking.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Hot backups from <application>pg_dump</application>
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <application>pg_dump</application> takes advantage of the new
- MVCC features to give a consistent database dump/backup while
- the database stays online and available for queries.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Numeric data type
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- We now have a true numeric data type, with
- user-specified precision.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Temporary tables
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Temporary tables are guaranteed to have unique names
- within a database session, and are destroyed on session exit.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- New SQL features
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- We now have CASE, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT statement
- support. We have new LIMIT/OFFSET, SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL,
- SELECT ... FOR UPDATE, and an improved LOCK TABLE command.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Speedups
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- We continue to speed up <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>,
- thanks to the variety of talents within our team. We have
- sped up memory allocation, optimization, table joins, and row
- transfer routines.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Ports
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- We continue to expand our port list, this time including
- <systemitem class="osname">Windows NT</>/<systemitem>ix86</> and <systemitem class="osname">NetBSD</>/<systemitem>arm32</>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Interfaces
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Most interfaces have new versions, and existing functionality
- has been improved.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>
- Documentation
- </term>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- New and updated material is present throughout the
- documentation. New <acronym>FAQ</acronym>s have been
- contributed for <systemitem class="osname">SGI</> and <systemitem class="osname">AIX</> platforms.
- The <citetitle>Tutorial</citetitle> has introductory information
- on <acronym>SQL</acronym> from Stefan Simkovics.
- For the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>, there are
- reference pages covering the postmaster and more utility
- programs, and a new appendix
- contains details on date/time behavior.
- The <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> has a new
- chapter on troubleshooting from Tom Lane.
- And the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> has a
- description of query processing, also from Stefan, and details
- on obtaining the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> source
- tree via anonymous <productname>CVS</productname> and
- <productname>CVSup</productname>.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- </variablelist>
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 6.5</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
- is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
- previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
- <application>pg_upgrade</application> can <emphasis>not</emphasis>
- be used to upgrade to this release because the on-disk structure
- of the tables has changed compared to previous releases.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- The new Multiversion Concurrency Control (MVCC) features can
- give somewhat different behaviors in multiuser
- environments. <emphasis>Read and understand the following section
- to ensure that your existing applications will give you the
- behavior you need.</emphasis>
- </para>
-
- <sect3>
- <title>Multiversion Concurrency Control</title>
-
- <para>
- Because readers in 6.5 don't lock data, regardless of transaction
- isolation level, data read by one transaction can be overwritten by
- another. In other words, if a row is returned by
- <command>SELECT</command> it doesn't mean that this row really exists
- at the time it is returned (i.e. sometime after the statement or
- transaction began) nor that the row is protected from being deleted or
- updated by concurrent transactions before the current transaction does
- a commit or rollback.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- To ensure the actual existence of a row and protect it against
- concurrent updates one must use <command>SELECT FOR UPDATE</command> or
- an appropriate <command>LOCK TABLE</command> statement. This should be
- taken into account when porting applications from previous releases of
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> and other environments.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Keep the above in mind if you are using
- <filename>contrib/refint.*</filename> triggers for
- referential integrity. Additional techniques are required now. One way is
- to use <command>LOCK parent_table IN SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE</command>
- command if a transaction is going to update/delete a primary key and
- use <command>LOCK parent_table IN SHARE MODE</command> command if a
- transaction is going to update/insert a foreign key.
-
- <note>
- <para>
- Note that if you run a transaction in SERIALIZABLE mode then you must
- execute the <command>LOCK</command> commands above before execution of any
- <acronym>DML</acronym> statement
- (<command>SELECT/INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE/FETCH/COPY_TO</command>) in the
- transaction.
- </para>
- </note>
- </para>
-
- <para>
- These inconveniences will disappear in the future
- when the ability to read dirty
- (uncommitted) data (regardless of isolation level) and true referential
- integrity will be implemented.
- </para>
- </sect3>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-Fix text<->float8 and text<->float4 conversion functions(Thomas)
-Fix for creating tables with mixed-case constraints(Billy)
-Change exp()/pow() behavior to generate error on underflow/overflow(Jan)
-Fix bug in pg_dump -z
-Memory overrun cleanups(Tatsuo)
-Fix for lo_import crash(Tatsuo)
-Adjust handling of data type names to suppress double quotes(Thomas)
-Use type coercion for matching columns and DEFAULT(Thomas)
-Fix deadlock so it only checks once after one second of sleep(Bruce)
-Fixes for aggregates and PL/pgsql(Hiroshi)
-Fix for subquery crash(Vadim)
-Fix for libpq function PQfnumber and case-insensitive names(Bahman Rafatjoo)
-Fix for large object write-in-middle, no extra block, memory consumption(Tatsuo)
-Fix for pg_dump -d or -D and quote special characters in INSERT
-Repair serious problems with dynahash(Tom)
-Fix INET/CIDR portability problems
-Fix problem with selectivity error in ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN(Bruce)
-Fix executor so mergejoin of different column types works(Tom)
-Fix for Alpha OR selectivity bug
-Fix OR index selectivity problem(Bruce)
-Fix so \d shows proper length for char()/varchar()(Ryan)
-Fix tutorial code(Clark)
-Improve destroyuser checking(Oliver)
-Fix for Kerberos(Rodney McDuff)
-Fix for dropping database while dirty buffers(Bruce)
-Fix so sequence nextval() can be case-sensitive(Bruce)
-Fix !!= operator
-Drop buffers before destroying database files(Bruce)
-Fix case where executor evaluates functions twice(Tatsuo)
-Allow sequence nextval actions to be case-sensitive(Bruce)
-Fix optimizer indexing not working for negative numbers(Bruce)
-Fix for memory leak in executor with fjIsNull
-Fix for aggregate memory leaks(Erik Riedel)
-Allow user name containing a dash to grant privileges
-Cleanup of NULL in inet types
-Clean up system table bugs(Tom)
-Fix problems of PAGER and \? command(Masaaki Sakaida)
-Reduce default multisegment file size limit to 1GB(Peter)
-Fix for dumping of CREATE OPERATOR(Tom)
-Fix for backward scanning of cursors(Hiroshi Inoue)
-Fix for COPY FROM STDIN when using \i(Tom)
-Fix for subselect is compared inside an expression(Jan)
-Fix handling of error reporting while returning rows(Tom)
-Fix problems with reference to array types(Tom,Jan)
-Prevent UPDATE SET oid(Jan)
-Fix pg_dump so -t option can handle case-sensitive tablenames
-Fixes for GROUP BY in special cases(Tom, Jan)
-Fix for memory leak in failed queries(Tom)
-DEFAULT now supports mixed-case identifiers(Tom)
-Fix for multisegment uses of DROP/RENAME table, indexes(Ole Gjerde)
-Disable use of pg_dump with both -o and -d options(Bruce)
-Allow pg_dump to properly dump group privileges(Bruce)
-Fix GROUP BY in INSERT INTO table SELECT * FROM table2(Jan)
-Fix for computations in views(Jan)
-Fix for aggregates on array indexes(Tom)
-Fix for DEFAULT handles single quotes in value requiring too many quotes
-Fix security problem with non-super users importing/exporting large objects(Tom)
-Rollback of transaction that creates table cleaned up properly(Tom)
-Fix to allow long table and column names to generate proper serial names(Tom)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-Add "vacuumdb" utility
-Speed up libpq by allocating memory better(Tom)
-EXPLAIN all indexes used(Tom)
-Implement CASE, COALESCE, NULLIF expression(Thomas)
-New pg_dump table output format(Constantin)
-Add string min()/max() functions(Thomas)
-Extend new type coercion techniques to aggregates(Thomas)
-New moddatetime contrib(Terry)
-Update to pgaccess 0.96(Constantin)
-Add routines for single-byte "char" type(Thomas)
-Improved substr() function(Thomas)
-Improved multibyte handling(Tatsuo)
-Multiversion concurrency control/MVCC(Vadim)
-New Serialized mode(Vadim)
-Fix for tables over 2gigs(Peter)
-New SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL(Vadim)
-New LOCK TABLE IN ... MODE(Vadim)
-Update ODBC driver(Byron)
-New NUMERIC data type(Jan)
-New SELECT FOR UPDATE(Vadim)
-Handle "NaN" and "Infinity" for input values(Jan)
-Improved date/year handling(Thomas)
-Improved handling of backend connections(Magnus)
-New options ELOG_TIMESTAMPS and USE_SYSLOG options for log files(Massimo)
-New TCL_ARRAYS option(Massimo)
-New INTERSECT and EXCEPT(Stefan)
-New pg_index.indisprimary for primary key tracking(D'Arcy)
-New pg_dump option to allow dropping of tables before creation(Brook)
-Speedup of row output routines(Tom)
-New READ COMMITTED isolation level(Vadim)
-New TEMP tables/indexes(Bruce)
-Prevent sorting if result is already sorted(Jan)
-New memory allocation optimization(Jan)
-Allow psql to do \p\g(Bruce)
-Allow multiple rule actions(Jan)
-Added LIMIT/OFFSET functionality(Jan)
-Improve optimizer when joining a large number of tables(Bruce)
-New intro to SQL from S. Simkovics' Master's Thesis (Stefan, Thomas)
-New intro to backend processing from S. Simkovics' Master's Thesis (Stefan)
-Improved int8 support(Ryan Bradetich, Thomas, Tom)
-New routines to convert between int8 and text/varchar types(Thomas)
-New bushy plans, where meta-tables are joined(Bruce)
-Enable right-hand queries by default(Bruce)
-Allow reliable maximum number of backends to be set at configure time
- (--with-maxbackends and postmaster switch (-N backends))(Tom)
-GEQO default now 10 tables because of optimizer speedups(Tom)
-Allow NULL=Var for MS-SQL portability(Michael, Bruce)
-Modify contrib check_primary_key() so either "automatic" or "dependent"(Anand)
-Allow psql \d on a view show query(Ryan)
-Speedup for LIKE(Bruce)
-Ecpg fixes/features, see src/interfaces/ecpg/ChangeLog file(Michael)
-JDBC fixes/features, see src/interfaces/jdbc/CHANGELOG(Peter)
-Make % operator have precedence like /(Bruce)
-Add new postgres -O option to allow system table structure changes(Bruce)
-Update contrib/pginterface/findoidjoins script(Tom)
-Major speedup in vacuum of deleted rows with indexes(Vadim)
-Allow non-SQL functions to run different versions based on arguments(Tom)
-Add -E option that shows actual queries sent by \dt and friends(Masaaki Sakaida)
-Add version number in start-up banners for psql(Masaaki Sakaida)
-New contrib/vacuumlo removes large objects not referenced(Peter)
-New initialization for table sizes so non-vacuumed tables perform better(Tom)
-Improve error messages when a connection is rejected(Tom)
-Support for arrays of char() and varchar() fields(Massimo)
-Overhaul of hash code to increase reliability and performance(Tom)
-Update to PyGreSQL 2.4(D'Arcy)
-Changed debug options so -d4 and -d5 produce different node displays(Jan)
-New pg_options: pretty_plan, pretty_parse, pretty_rewritten(Jan)
-Better optimization statistics for system table access(Tom)
-Better handling of non-default block sizes(Massimo)
-Improve GEQO optimizer memory consumption(Tom)
-UNION now supports ORDER BY of columns not in target list(Jan)
-Major libpq++ improvements(Vince Vielhaber)
-pg_dump now uses -z(ACL's) as default(Bruce)
-backend cache, memory speedups(Tom)
-have pg_dump do everything in one snapshot transaction(Vadim)
-fix for large object memory leakage, fix for pg_dumping(Tom)
-INET type now respects netmask for comparisons
-Make VACUUM ANALYZE only use a readlock(Vadim)
-Allow VIEWs on UNIONS(Jan)
-pg_dump now can generate consistent snapshots on active databases(Vadim)
-
-Source Tree Changes
--------------------
-Improve port matching(Tom)
-Portability fixes for SunOS
-Add Windows NT backend port and enable dynamic loading(Magnus and Daniel Horak)
-New port to Cobalt Qube(Mips) running Linux(Tatsuo)
-Port to NetBSD/m68k(Mr. Mutsuki Nakajima)
-Port to NetBSD/sun3(Mr. Mutsuki Nakajima)
-Port to NetBSD/macppc(Toshimi Aoki)
-Fix for tcl/tk configuration(Vince)
-Removed CURRENT key word for rule queries(Jan)
-NT dynamic loading now works(Daniel Horak)
-Add ARM32 support(Andrew McMurry)
-Better support for HP-UX 11 and UnixWare
-Improve file handling to be more uniform, prevent file descriptor leak(Tom)
-New install commands for plpgsql(Jan)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-4-2">
-<title>Release 6.4.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1998-12-20</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-The 6.4.1 release was improperly packaged. This also has one additional
-bug fix.
-</para>
-
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration to Version 6.4.2</title>
-
-<para>
-A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
-6.4.*.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Fix for datetime constant problem on some platforms(Thomas)
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-4-1">
-<title>Release 6.4.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1998-12-18</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-This is basically a cleanup release for 6.4. We have fixed a variety of
-problems reported by 6.4 users.
-</para>
-
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration to Version 6.4.1</title>
-
-<para>
-A dump/restore is <emphasis>not</emphasis> required for those running
-6.4.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Add pg_dump -N flag to force double quotes around identifiers. This is
- the default(Thomas)
-Fix for NOT in where clause causing crash(Bruce)
-EXPLAIN VERBOSE coredump fix(Vadim)
-Fix shared-library problems on Linux
-Fix test for table existence to allow mixed-case and whitespace in
- the table name(Thomas)
-Fix a couple of pg_dump bugs
-Configure matches template/.similar entries better(Tom)
-Change builtin function names from SPI_* to spi_*
-OR WHERE clause fix(Vadim)
-Fixes for mixed-case table names(Billy)
-contrib/linux/postgres.init.csh/sh fix(Thomas)
-libpq memory overrun fix
-SunOS fixes(Tom)
-Change exp() behavior to generate error on underflow(Thomas)
-pg_dump fixes for memory leak, inheritance constraints, layout change
-update pgaccess to 0.93
-Fix prototype for 64-bit platforms
-Multibyte fixes(Tatsuo)
-New ecpg man page
-Fix memory overruns(Tatsuo)
-Fix for lo_import() crash(Bruce)
-Better search for install program(Tom)
-Timezone fixes(Tom)
-HP-UX fixes(Tom)
-Use implicit type coercion for matching DEFAULT values(Thomas)
-Add routines to help with single-byte (internal) character type(Thomas)
-Compilation of libpq for Windows fixes(Magnus)
-Upgrade to PyGreSQL 2.2(D'Arcy)
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-4">
-<title>Release 6.4</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1998-10-30</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-There are <emphasis>many</emphasis> new features and improvements in this release.
-Thanks to our developers and maintainers, nearly every aspect of the system
-has received some attention since the previous release.
-Here is a brief, incomplete summary:
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Views and rules are now functional thanks to extensive new code in the
-rewrite rules system from Jan Wieck. He also wrote a chapter on it
-for the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle>.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Jan also contributed a second procedural language, <application>PL/pgSQL</application>, to go with the
-original <application>PL/pgTCL</application> procedural language he contributed last release.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-We have optional multiple-byte character set support from Tatsuo Ishii
-to complement our existing locale support.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Client/server communications has been cleaned up, with better support for
-asynchronous messages and interrupts thanks to Tom Lane.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-The parser will now perform automatic type coercion to match arguments
-to available operators and functions, and to match columns and expressions
-with target columns. This uses a generic mechanism which supports
-the type extensibility features of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
-There is a new chapter in the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>
-which covers this topic.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Three new data types have been added.
-Two types, <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type>, support various forms
-of IP network, subnet, and machine addressing. There is now an 8-byte integer
-type available on some platforms. See the chapter on data types
-in the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> for details.
-A fourth type, <type>serial</type>, is now supported by the parser as an
-amalgam of the <type>int4</type> type, a sequence, and a unique index.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Several more <acronym>SQL92</acronym>-compatible syntax features have been
-added, including <command>INSERT DEFAULT VALUES</command>
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-The automatic configuration and installation system has received some
-attention, and should be more robust for more platforms than it has ever
-been.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-</para>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration to Version 6.4</title>
-
-<para>
-A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
-or <application>pg_dumpall</application>
-is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
-previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
- <sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-Fix for a tiny memory leak in PQsetdb/PQfinish(Bryan)
-Remove char2-16 data types, use char/varchar(Darren)
-Pqfn not handles a NOTICE message(Anders)
-Reduced busywaiting overhead for spinlocks with many backends (dg)
-Stuck spinlock detection (dg)
-Fix up "ISO-style" timespan decoding and encoding(Thomas)
-Fix problem with table drop after rollback of transaction(Vadim)
-Change error message and remove non-functional update message(Vadim)
-Fix for COPY array checking
-Fix for SELECT 1 UNION SELECT NULL
-Fix for buffer leaks in large object calls(Pascal)
-Change owner from oid to int4 type(Bruce)
-Fix a bug in the oracle compatibility functions btrim() ltrim() and rtrim()
-Fix for shared invalidation cache overflow(Massimo)
-Prevent file descriptor leaks in failed COPY's(Bruce)
-Fix memory leak in libpgtcl's pg_select(Constantin)
-Fix problems with username/passwords over 8 characters(Tom)
-Fix problems with handling of asynchronous NOTIFY in backend(Tom)
-Fix of many bad system table entries(Tom)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-Upgrade ecpg and ecpglib,see src/interfaces/ecpc/ChangeLog(Michael)
-Show the index used in an EXPLAIN(Zeugswetter)
-EXPLAIN invokes rule system and shows plan(s) for rewritten queries(Jan)
-Multibyte awareness of many data types and functions, via configure(Tatsuo)
-New configure --with-mb option(Tatsuo)
-New initdb --pgencoding option(Tatsuo)
-New createdb -E multibyte option(Tatsuo)
-Select version(); now returns PostgreSQL version(Jeroen)
-libpq now allows asynchronous clients(Tom)
-Allow cancel from client of backend query(Tom)
-psql now cancels query with Control-C(Tom)
-libpq users need not issue dummy queries to get NOTIFY messages(Tom)
-NOTIFY now sends sender's PID, so you can tell whether it was your own(Tom)
-PGresult struct now includes associated error message, if any(Tom)
-Define "tz_hour" and "tz_minute" arguments to date_part()(Thomas)
-Add routines to convert between varchar and bpchar(Thomas)
-Add routines to allow sizing of varchar and bpchar into target columns(Thomas)
-Add bit flags to support timezonehour and minute in data retrieval(Thomas)
-Allow more variations on valid floating point numbers (e.g. ".1", "1e6")(Thomas)
-Fixes for unary minus parsing with leading spaces(Thomas)
-Implement TIMEZONE_HOUR, TIMEZONE_MINUTE per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
-Check for and properly ignore FOREIGN KEY column constraints(Thomas)
-Define USER as synonym for CURRENT_USER per SQL92 specs(Thomas)
-Enable HAVING clause but no fixes elsewhere yet.
-Make "char" type a synonym for "char(1)" (actually implemented as bpchar)(Thomas)
-Save string type if specified for DEFAULT clause handling(Thomas)
-Coerce operations involving different data types(Thomas)
-Allow some index use for columns of different types(Thomas)
-Add capabilities for automatic type conversion(Thomas)
-Cleanups for large objects, so file is truncated on open(Peter)
-Readline cleanups(Tom)
-Allow psql \f \ to make spaces as delimiter(Bruce)
-Pass pg_attribute.atttypmod to the frontend for column field lengths(Tom,Bruce)
-Msql compatibility library in /contrib(Aldrin)
-Remove the requirement that ORDER/GROUP BY clause identifiers be
-included in the target list(David)
-Convert columns to match columns in UNION clauses(Thomas)
-Remove fork()/exec() and only do fork()(Bruce)
-Jdbc cleanups(Peter)
-Show backend status on ps command line(only works on some platforms)(Bruce)
-Pg_hba.conf now has a sameuser option in the database field
-Make lo_unlink take oid param, not int4
-New DISABLE_COMPLEX_MACRO for compilers that cannot handle our macros(Bruce)
-Libpgtcl now handles NOTIFY as a Tcl event, need not send dummy queries(Tom)
-libpgtcl cleanups(Tom)
-Add -error option to libpgtcl's pg_result command(Tom)
-New locale patch, see docs/README/locale(Oleg)
-Fix for pg_dump so CONSTRAINT and CHECK syntax is correct(ccb)
-New contrib/lo code for large object orphan removal(Peter)
-New psql command "SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO 'encoding'" for multibytes
-feature, see /doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
-contrib/noupdate code to revoke update permission on a column
-libpq can now be compiled on Windows(Magnus)
-Add PQsetdbLogin() in libpq
-New 8-byte integer type, checked by configure for OS support(Thomas)
-Better support for quoted table/column names(Thomas)
-Surround table and column names with double-quotes in pg_dump(Thomas)
-PQreset() now works with passwords(Tom)
-Handle case of GROUP BY target list column number out of range(David)
-Allow UNION in subselects
-Add auto-size to screen to \d? commands(Bruce)
-Use UNION to show all \d? results in one query(Bruce)
-Add \d? field search feature(Bruce)
-Pg_dump issues fewer \connect requests(Tom)
-Make pg_dump -z flag work better, document it in manual page(Tom)
-Add HAVING clause with full support for subselects and unions(Stephan)
-Full text indexing routines in contrib/fulltextindex(Maarten)
-Transaction ids now stored in shared memory(Vadim)
-New PGCLIENTENCODING when issuing COPY command(Tatsuo)
-Support for SQL92 syntax "SET NAMES"(Tatsuo)
-Support for LATIN2-5(Tatsuo)
-Add UNICODE regression test case(Tatsuo)
-Lock manager cleanup, new locking modes for LLL(Vadim)
-Allow index use with OR clauses(Bruce)
-Allows "SELECT NULL ORDER BY 1;"
-Explain VERBOSE prints the plan, and now pretty-prints the plan to
-the postmaster log file(Bruce)
-Add indexes display to \d command(Bruce)
-Allow GROUP BY on functions(David)
-New pg_class.relkind for large objects(Bruce)
-New way to send libpq NOTICE messages to a different location(Tom)
-New \w write command to psql(Bruce)
-New /contrib/findoidjoins scans oid columns to find join relationships(Bruce)
-Allow binary-compatible indexes to be considered when checking for valid
-Indexes for restriction clauses containing a constant(Thomas)
-New ISBN/ISSN code in /contrib/isbn_issn
-Allow NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, BETWEEN, and NOT BETWEEN constraint(Thomas)
-New rewrite system fixes many problems with rules and views(Jan)
- * Rules on relations work
- * Event qualifications on insert/update/delete work
- * New OLD variable to reference CURRENT, CURRENT will be remove in future
- * Update rules can reference NEW and OLD in rule qualifications/actions
- * Insert/update/delete rules on views work
- * Multiple rule actions are now supported, surrounded by parentheses
- * Regular users can create views/rules on tables they have RULE permits
- * Rules and views inherit the privileges of the creator
- * No rules at the column level
- * No UPDATE NEW/OLD rules
- * New pg_tables, pg_indexes, pg_rules and pg_views system views
- * Only a single action on SELECT rules
- * Total rewrite overhaul, perhaps for 6.5
- * handle subselects
- * handle aggregates on views
- * handle insert into select from view works
-System indexes are now multikey(Bruce)
-Oidint2, oidint4, and oidname types are removed(Bruce)
-Use system cache for more system table lookups(Bruce)
-New backend programming language PL/pgSQL in backend/pl(Jan)
-New SERIAL data type, auto-creates sequence/index(Thomas)
-Enable assert checking without a recompile(Massimo)
-User lock enhancements(Massimo)
-New setval() command to set sequence value(Massimo)
-Auto-remove unix socket file on start-up if no postmaster running(Massimo)
-Conditional trace package(Massimo)
-New UNLISTEN command(Massimo)
-psql and libpq now compile under Windows using win32.mak(Magnus)
-Lo_read no longer stores trailing NULL(Bruce)
-Identifiers are now truncated to 31 characters internally(Bruce)
-Createuser options now available on the command line
-Code for 64-bit integer supported added, configure tested, int8 type(Thomas)
-Prevent file descriptor leaf from failed COPY(Bruce)
-New pg_upgrade command(Bruce)
-Updated /contrib directories(Massimo)
-New CREATE TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
-New INSERT INTO TABLE DEFAULT VALUES statement available(Thomas)
-New DECLARE and FETCH feature(Thomas)
-libpq's internal structures now not exported(Tom)
-Allow up to 8 key indexes(Bruce)
-Remove ARCHIVE key word, that is no longer used(Thomas)
-pg_dump -n flag to suppress quotes around indentifiers
-disable system columns for views(Jan)
-new INET and CIDR types for network addresses(TomH, Paul)
-no more double quotes in psql output
-pg_dump now dumps views(Terry)
-new SET QUERY_LIMIT(Tatsuo,Jan)
-
-Source Tree Changes
--------------------
-/contrib cleanup(Jun)
-Inline some small functions called for every row(Bruce)
-Alpha/linux fixes
-HP-UX cleanups(Tom)
-Multibyte regression tests(Soonmyung.)
-Remove --disabled options from configure
-Define PGDOC to use POSTGRESDIR by default
-Make regression optional
-Remove extra braces code to pgindent(Bruce)
-Add bsdi shared library support(Bruce)
-New --without-CXX support configure option(Brook)
-New FAQ_CVS
-Update backend flowchart in tools/backend(Bruce)
-Change atttypmod from int16 to int32(Bruce, Tom)
-Getrusage() fix for platforms that do not have it(Tom)
-Add PQconnectdb, PGUSER, PGPASSWORD to libpq man page
-NS32K platform fixes(Phil Nelson, John Buller)
-SCO 7/UnixWare 2.x fixes(Billy,others)
-Sparc/Solaris 2.5 fixes(Ryan)
-Pgbuiltin.3 is obsolete, move to doc files(Thomas)
-Even more documentation(Thomas)
-Nextstep support(Jacek)
-Aix support(David)
-pginterface manual page(Bruce)
-shared libraries all have version numbers
-merged all OS-specific shared library defines into one file
-smarter TCL/TK configuration checking(Billy)
-smarter perl configuration(Brook)
-configure uses supplied install-sh if no install script found(Tom)
-new Makefile.shlib for shared library configuration(Tom)
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-3-2">
-<title>Release 6.3.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1998-04-07</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-This is a bug-fix release for 6.3.x.
-Refer to the release notes for version 6.3 for a more complete summary of new features.
-</para>
-<para>
-Summary:
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Repairs automatic configuration support for some platforms, including Linux,
-from breakage inadvertently introduced in version 6.3.1.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Correctly handles function calls on the left side of BETWEEN and LIKE clauses.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-</para>
-<para>
-A dump/restore is NOT required for those running 6.3 or 6.3.1. A
-<literal>make distclean</>, <literal>make</>, and <literal>make install</> is all that is required.
-This last step should be performed while the postmaster is not running.
-You should re-link any custom applications that use <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries.
-</para>
-<para>
-For upgrades from pre-6.3 installations,
-refer to the installation and migration instructions for version 6.3.
-</para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Configure detection improvements for tcl/tk(Brook Milligan, Alvin)
-Manual page improvements(Bruce)
-BETWEEN and LIKE fix(Thomas)
-fix for psql \connect used by pg_dump(Oliver Elphick)
-New odbc driver
-pgaccess, version 0.86
-qsort removed, now uses libc version, cleanups(Jeroen)
-fix for buffer over-runs detected(Maurice Gittens)
-fix for buffer overrun in libpgtcl(Randy Kunkee)
-fix for UNION with DISTINCT or ORDER BY(Bruce)
-gettimeofday configure check(Doug Winterburn)
-Fix "indexes not used" bug(Vadim)
-docs additions(Thomas)
-Fix for backend memory leak(Bruce)
-libreadline cleanup(Erwan MAS)
-Remove DISTDIR(Bruce)
-Makefile dependency cleanup(Jeroen van Vianen)
-ASSERT fixes(Bruce)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-6-3-1">
- <title>Release 6.3.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1998-03-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- Summary:
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Additional support for multibyte character sets.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Repair byte ordering for mixed-endian clients and servers.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Minor updates to allowed SQL syntax.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Improvements to the configuration autodetection for installation.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-</para>
-<para>
-A dump/restore is NOT required for those running 6.3. A
-<literal>make distclean</>, <literal>make</>, and <literal>make install</> is all that is required.
-This last step should be performed while the postmaster is not running.
-You should re-link any custom applications that use <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> libraries.
-</para>
-<para>
-For upgrades from pre-6.3 installations,
-refer to the installation and migration instructions for version 6.3.
-</para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-ecpg cleanup/fixes, now version 1.1(Michael Meskes)
-pg_user cleanup(Bruce)
-large object fix for pg_dump and tclsh (alvin)
-LIKE fix for multiple adjacent underscores
-fix for redefining builtin functions(Thomas)
-ultrix4 cleanup
-upgrade to pg_access 0.83
-updated CLUSTER manual page
-multibyte character set support, see doc/README.mb(Tatsuo)
-configure --with-pgport fix
-pg_ident fix
-big-endian fix for backend communications(Kataoka)
-SUBSTR() and substring() fix(Jan)
-several jdbc fixes(Peter)
-libpgtcl improvements, see libptcl/README(Randy Kunkee)
-Fix for "Datasize = 0" error(Vadim)
-Prevent \do from wrapping(Bruce)
-Remove duplicate Russian character set entries
-Sunos4 cleanup
-Allow optional TABLE key word in LOCK and SELECT INTO(Thomas)
-CREATE SEQUENCE options to allow a negative integer(Thomas)
-Add "PASSWORD" as an allowed column identifier(Thomas)
-Add checks for UNION target fields(Bruce)
-Fix Alpha port(Dwayne Bailey)
-Fix for text arrays containing quotes(Doug Gibson)
-Solaris compile fix(Albert Chin-A-Young)
-Better identify tcl and tk libs and includes(Bruce)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
- <sect1 id="release-6-3">
- <title>Release 6.3</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1998-03-01</simpara>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- There are <emphasis>many</emphasis> new features and improvements in this release.
- Here is a brief, incomplete summary:
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Many new SQL features, including
- full <acronym>SQL92</acronym> subselect capability
- (everything is here but target-list subselects).
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Support for client-side environment variables to specify time zone and date style.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Socket interface for client/server connection. This is the default now
- so you might need to start <application>postmaster</application> with the
- <option>-i</option> flag.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Better password authorization mechanisms. Default table privileges have changed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Old-style <firstterm>time travel</firstterm>
- has been removed. Performance has been improved.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </para>
-
- <note>
- <para>
- Bruce Momjian wrote the following notes to introduce the new release.
- </para>
- </note>
-
- <para>
- There are some general 6.3 issues that I want to mention. These are
- only the big items that cannot be described in one sentence. A review
- of the detailed changes list is still needed.
- </para>
- <para>
- First, we now have subselects. Now that we have them, I would like to
- mention that without subselects, SQL is a very limited language.
- Subselects are a major feature, and you should review your code for
- places where subselects provide a better solution for your queries. I
- think you will find that there are more uses for subselects than you might
- think. Vadim has put us on the big SQL map with subselects, and fully
- functional ones too. The only thing you cannot do with subselects is to
- use them in the target list.
- </para>
- <para>
- Second, 6.3 uses Unix domain sockets rather than TCP/IP by default. To
- enable connections from other machines, you have to use the new
- postmaster -i option, and of course edit <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename>. Also, for this
- reason, the format of <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> has changed.
- </para>
- <para>
- Third, <type>char()</type> fields will now allow faster access than <type>varchar()</type> or
- <type>text</type>. Specifically, the <type>text</> and <type>varchar()</type> have a penalty for access to
- any columns after the first column of this type. <type>char()</type> used to also
- have this access penalty, but it no longer does. This might suggest that
- you redesign some of your tables, especially if you have short character
- columns that you have defined as <type>varchar()</type> or <type>text</type>. This and other
- changes make 6.3 even faster than earlier releases.
- </para>
- <para>
- We now have passwords definable independent of any Unix file. There are
- new SQL USER commands.
- See the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
- information. There is a new table, pg_shadow, which is used to store
- user information and user passwords, and it by default only SELECT-able
- by the <systemitem>postgres</systemitem> super-user. pg_user is now a view of pg_shadow, and is
- SELECT-able by PUBLIC. You should keep using pg_user in your
- application without changes.
- </para>
- <para>
- User-created tables now no longer have SELECT privilege to PUBLIC by
- default. This was done because the ANSI standard requires it. You can
- of course GRANT any privileges you want after the table is created.
- System tables continue to be SELECT-able by PUBLIC.
- </para>
- <para>
- We also have real deadlock detection code. No more sixty-second
- timeouts. And the new locking code implements a <acronym>FIFO</acronym> better, so there
- should be less resource starvation during heavy use.
- </para>
- <para>
- Many complaints have been made about inadequate documentation in previous
- releases. Thomas has put much effort into many new manuals for this
- release. Check out the doc/ directory.
- </para>
- <para>
- For performance reasons, time travel is gone, but can be implemented
- using triggers (see <filename>pgsql/contrib/spi/README</filename>). Please check out the new
- \d command for types, operators, etc. Also, views have their own
- privileges now, not based on the underlying tables, so privileges on
- them have to be set separately. Check <filename>/pgsql/interfaces</filename> for some new
- ways to talk to <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
- </para>
- <para>
- This is the first release that really required an explanation for
- existing users. In many ways, this was necessary because the new
- release removes many limitations, and the work-arounds people were using
- are no longer needed.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Migration to Version 6.3</title>
-
- <para>
- A dump/restore using <application>pg_dump</application>
- or <application>pg_dumpall</application>
- is required for those wishing to migrate data from any
- previous release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-Fix binary cursors broken by MOVE implementation(Vadim)
-Fix for tcl library crash(Jan)
-Fix for array handling, from Gerhard Hintermayer
-Fix acl error, and remove duplicate pqtrace(Bruce)
-Fix psql \e for empty file(Bruce)
-Fix for textcat on varchar() fields(Bruce)
-Fix for DBT Sendproc (Zeugswetter Andres)
-Fix vacuum analyze syntax problem(Bruce)
-Fix for international identifiers(Tatsuo)
-Fix aggregates on inherited tables(Bruce)
-Fix substr() for out-of-bounds data
-Fix for select 1=1 or 2=2, select 1=1 and 2=2, and select sum(2+2)(Bruce)
-Fix notty output to show status result. -q option still turns it off(Bruce)
-Fix for count(*), aggs with views and multiple tables and sum(3)(Bruce)
-Fix cluster(Bruce)
-Fix for PQtrace start/stop several times(Bruce)
-Fix a variety of locking problems like newer lock waiters getting
- lock before older waiters, and having readlock people not share
- locks if a writer is waiting for a lock, and waiting writers not
- getting priority over waiting readers(Bruce)
-Fix crashes in psql when executing queries from external files(James)
-Fix problem with multiple order by columns, with the first one having
- NULL values(Jeroen)
-Use correct hash table support functions for float8 and int4(Thomas)
-Re-enable JOIN= option in CREATE OPERATOR statement (Thomas)
-Change precedence for boolean operators to match expected behavior(Thomas)
-Generate elog(ERROR) on over-large integer(Bruce)
-Allow multiple-argument functions in constraint clauses(Thomas)
-Check boolean input literals for 'true','false','yes','no','1','0'
- and throw elog(ERROR) if unrecognized(Thomas)
-Major large objects fix
-Fix for GROUP BY showing duplicates(Vadim)
-Fix for index scans in MergeJoin(Vadim)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-Subselects with EXISTS, IN, ALL, ANY key words (Vadim, Bruce, Thomas)
-New User Manual(Thomas, others)
-Speedup by inlining some frequently-called functions
-Real deadlock detection, no more timeouts(Bruce)
-Add SQL92 "constants" CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
- CURRENT_USER(Thomas)
-Modify constraint syntax to be SQL92-compliant(Thomas)
-Implement SQL92 PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE clauses using indexes(Thomas)
-Recognize SQL92 syntax for FOREIGN KEY. Throw elog notice(Thomas)
-Allow NOT NULL UNIQUE constraint clause (each allowed separately before)(Thomas)
-Allow PostgreSQL-style casting ("::") of non-constants(Thomas)
-Add support for SQL3 TRUE and FALSE boolean constants(Thomas)
-Support SQL92 syntax for IS TRUE/IS FALSE/IS NOT TRUE/IS NOT FALSE(Thomas)
-Allow shorter strings for boolean literals (e.g. "t", "tr", "tru")(Thomas)
-Allow SQL92 delimited identifiers(Thomas)
-Implement SQL92 binary and hexadecimal string decoding (b'10' and x'1F')(Thomas)
-Support SQL92 syntax for type coercion of literal strings
- (e.g. "DATETIME 'now'")(Thomas)
-Add conversions for int2, int4, and OID types to and from text(Thomas)
-Use shared lock when building indexes(Vadim)
-Free memory allocated for an user query inside transaction block after
- this query is done, was turned off in <= 6.2.1(Vadim)
-New SQL statement CREATE PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE(Jan)
-New <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> Procedural Language (PL) backend interface(Jan)
-Rename pg_dump -H option to -h(Bruce)
-Add Java support for passwords, European dates(Peter)
-Use indexes for LIKE and ~, !~ operations(Bruce)
-Add hash functions for datetime and timespan(Thomas)
-Time Travel removed(Vadim, Bruce)
-Add paging for \d and \z, and fix \i(Bruce)
-Add Unix domain socket support to backend and to frontend library(Goran)
-Implement CREATE DATABASE/WITH LOCATION and initlocation utility(Thomas)
-Allow more SQL92 and/or <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> reserved words as column identifiers(Thomas)
-Augment support for SQL92 SET TIME ZONE...(Thomas)
-SET/SHOW/RESET TIME ZONE uses TZ backend environment variable(Thomas)
-Implement SET keyword = DEFAULT and SET TIME ZONE DEFAULT(Thomas)
-Enable SET TIME ZONE using TZ environment variable(Thomas)
-Add PGDATESTYLE environment variable to frontend and backend initialization(Thomas)
-Add PGTZ, PGCOSTHEAP, PGCOSTINDEX, PGRPLANS, PGGEQO
- frontend library initialization environment variables(Thomas)
-Regression tests time zone automatically set with "setenv PGTZ PST8PDT"(Thomas)
-Add pg_description table for info on tables, columns, operators, types, and
- aggregates(Bruce)
-Increase 16 char limit on system table/index names to 32 characters(Bruce)
-Rename system indexes(Bruce)
-Add 'GERMAN' option to SET DATESTYLE(Thomas)
-Define an "ISO-style" timespan output format with "hh:mm:ss" fields(Thomas)
-Allow fractional values for delta times (e.g. '2.5 days')(Thomas)
-Validate numeric input more carefully for delta times(Thomas)
-Implement day of year as possible input to date_part()(Thomas)
-Define timespan_finite() and text_timespan() functions(Thomas)
-Remove archive stuff(Bruce)
-Allow for a pg_password authentication database that is separate from
- the system password file(Todd)
-Dump ACLs, GRANT, REVOKE privileges(Matt)
-Define text, varchar, and bpchar string length functions(Thomas)
-Fix Query handling for inheritance, and cost computations(Bruce)
-Implement CREATE TABLE/AS SELECT (alternative to SELECT/INTO)(Thomas)
-Allow NOT, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL in constraints(Thomas)
-Implement UNIONs for SELECT(Bruce)
-Add UNION, GROUP, DISTINCT to INSERT(Bruce)
-varchar() stores only necessary bytes on disk(Bruce)
-Fix for BLOBs(Peter)
-Mega-Patch for JDBC...see README_6.3 for list of changes(Peter)
-Remove unused "option" from PQconnectdb()
-New LOCK command and lock manual page describing deadlocks(Bruce)
-Add new psql \da, \dd, \df, \do, \dS, and \dT commands(Bruce)
-Enhance psql \z to show sequences(Bruce)
-Show NOT NULL and DEFAULT in psql \d table(Bruce)
-New psql .psqlrc file start-up(Andrew)
-Modify sample start-up script in contrib/linux to show syslog(Thomas)
-New types for IP and MAC addresses in contrib/ip_and_mac(TomH)
-Unix system time conversions with date/time types in contrib/unixdate(Thomas)
-Update of contrib stuff(Massimo)
-Add Unix socket support to DBD::Pg(Goran)
-New python interface (PyGreSQL 2.0)(D'Arcy)
-New frontend/backend protocol has a version number, network byte order(Phil)
-Security features in pg_hba.conf enhanced and documented, many cleanups(Phil)
-CHAR() now faster access than VARCHAR() or TEXT
-ecpg embedded SQL preprocessor
-Reduce system column overhead(Vadmin)
-Remove pg_time table(Vadim)
-Add pg_type attribute to identify types that need length (bpchar, varchar)
-Add report of offending line when COPY command fails
-Allow VIEW privileges to be set separately from the underlying tables.
- For security, use GRANT/REVOKE on views as appropriate(Jan)
-Tables now have no default GRANT SELECT TO PUBLIC. You must
- explicitly grant such privileges.
-Clean up tutorial examples(Darren)
-
-Source Tree Changes
--------------------
-Add new html development tools, and flow chart in /tools/backend
-Fix for SCO compiles
-Stratus computer port Robert Gillies
-Added support for shlib for BSD44_derived & i386_solaris
-Make configure more automated(Brook)
-Add script to check regression test results
-Break parser functions into smaller files, group together(Bruce)
-Rename heap_create to heap_create_and_catalog, rename heap_creatr
- to heap_create()(Bruce)
-Sparc/Linux patch for locking(TomS)
-Remove PORTNAME and reorganize port-specific stuff(Marc)
-Add optimizer README file(Bruce)
-Remove some recursion in optimizer and clean up some code there(Bruce)
-Fix for NetBSD locking(Henry)
-Fix for libptcl make(Tatsuo)
-AIX patch(Darren)
-Change IS TRUE, IS FALSE, ... to expressions using "=" rather than
- function calls to istrue() or isfalse() to allow optimization(Thomas)
-Various fixes NetBSD/Sparc related(TomH)
-Alpha linux locking(Travis,Ryan)
-Change elog(WARN) to elog(ERROR)(Bruce)
-FAQ for FreeBSD(Marc)
-Bring in the PostODBC source tree as part of our standard distribution(Marc)
-A minor patch for HP/UX 10 vs 9(Stan)
-New pg_attribute.atttypmod for type-specific info like varchar length(Bruce)
-UnixWare patches(Billy)
-New i386 'lock' for spinlock asm(Billy)
-Support for multiplexed backends is removed
-Start an OpenBSD port
-Start an AUX port
-Start a Cygnus port
-Add string functions to regression suite(Thomas)
-Expand a few function names formerly truncated to 16 characters(Thomas)
-Remove un-needed malloc() calls and replace with palloc()(Bruce)
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-2-1">
-<title>Release 6.2.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1997-10-17</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-6.2.1 is a bug-fix and usability release on 6.2.
-</para>
-<para>
-Summary:
-
-<itemizedlist>
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Allow strings to span lines, per <acronym>SQL92</acronym>.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-<listitem>
-<para>
-Include example trigger function for inserting user names on table updates.
-</para>
-</listitem>
-
-</itemizedlist>
-</para>
-<para>
-This is a minor bug-fix release on 6.2.
-For upgrades from pre-6.2 systems, a full dump/reload is required.
-Refer to the 6.2 release notes for instructions.
-</para>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 6.2 to version 6.2.1</title>
-
-<para>
-This is a minor bug-fix release. A dump/reload is not required from version 6.2,
-but is required from any release prior to 6.2.
-</para>
-<para>
-In upgrading from version 6.2, if you choose to dump/reload you will find that
-avg(money) is now calculated correctly. All other bug fixes take effect
-upon updating the executables.
-</para>
-<para>
-Another way to avoid dump/reload is to use the following SQL command
-from <command>psql</command> to update the existing system table:
-
-<programlisting>
- update pg_aggregate set aggfinalfn = 'cash_div_flt8'
- where aggname = 'avg' and aggbasetype = 790;
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-<para>
-This will need to be done to every existing database, including template1.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Allow TIME and TYPE column names(Thomas)
-Allow larger range of true/false as boolean values(Thomas)
-Support output of "now" and "current"(Thomas)
-Handle DEFAULT with INSERT of NULL properly(Vadim)
-Fix for relation reference counts problem in buffer manager(Vadim)
-Allow strings to span lines, like ANSI(Thomas)
-Fix for backward cursor with ORDER BY(Vadim)
-Fix avg(cash) computation(Thomas)
-Fix for specifying a column twice in ORDER/GROUP BY(Vadim)
-Documented new libpq function to return affected rows, PQcmdTuples(Bruce)
-Trigger function for inserting user names for INSERT/UPDATE(Brook Milligan)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-2">
-<title>Release 6.2</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1997-10-02</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-A dump/restore is required for those wishing to migrate data from
-previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
-</para>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 6.1 to version 6.2</title>
-
-<para>
-This migration requires a complete dump of the 6.1 database and a
-restore of the database in 6.2.
-</para>
-<para>
-Note that the <command>pg_dump</command> and <command>pg_dumpall</command> utility from 6.2 should be used
-to dump the 6.1 database.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 1.<replaceable>x</> to version 6.2</title>
-
-<para>
-Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
-because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-Fix problems with pg_dump for inheritance, sequences, archive tables(Bruce)
-Fix compile errors on overflow due to shifts, unsigned, and bad prototypes
- from Solaris(Diab Jerius)
-Fix bugs in geometric line arithmetic (bad intersection calculations)(Thomas)
-Check for geometric intersections at endpoints to avoid rounding ugliness(Thomas)
-Catch non-functional delete attempts(Vadim)
-Change time function names to be more consistent(Michael Reifenberg)
-Check for zero divides(Michael Reifenberg)
-Fix very old bug which made rows changed/inserted by a command
- visible to the command itself (so we had multiple update of
- updated rows, etc.)(Vadim)
-Fix for SELECT null, 'fail' FROM pg_am (Patrick)
-SELECT NULL as EMPTY_FIELD now allowed(Patrick)
-Remove un-needed signal stuff from contrib/pginterface
-Fix OR (where x != 1 or x isnull didn't return rows with x NULL) (Vadim)
-Fix time_cmp function (Vadim)
-Fix handling of functions with non-attribute first argument in
- WHERE clauses (Vadim)
-Fix GROUP BY when order of entries is different from order
- in target list (Vadim)
-Fix pg_dump for aggregates without sfunc1 (Vadim)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-Default genetic optimizer GEQO parameter is now 8(Bruce)
-Allow use parameters in target list having aggregates in functions(Vadim)
-Added JDBC driver as an interface(Adrian & Peter)
-pg_password utility
-Return number of rows inserted/affected by INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE etc.(Vadim)
-Triggers implemented with CREATE TRIGGER (SQL3)(Vadim)
-SPI (Server Programming Interface) allows execution of queries inside
- C-functions (Vadim)
-NOT NULL implemented (SQL92)(Robson Paniago de Miranda)
-Include reserved words for string handling, outer joins, and unions(Thomas)
-Implement extended comments ("/* ... */") using exclusive states(Thomas)
-Add "//" single-line comments(Bruce)
-Remove some restrictions on characters in operator names(Thomas)
-DEFAULT and CONSTRAINT for tables implemented (SQL92)(Vadim & Thomas)
-Add text concatenation operator and function (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Support WITH TIME ZONE syntax (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Support INTERVAL unit TO unit syntax (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Define types DOUBLE PRECISION, INTERVAL, CHARACTER,
- and CHARACTER VARYING (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Define type FLOAT(p) and rudimentary DECIMAL(p,s), NUMERIC(p,s) (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Define EXTRACT(), POSITION(), SUBSTRING(), and TRIM() (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Define CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Add syntax and warnings for UNION, HAVING, INNER and OUTER JOIN (SQL92)(Thomas)
-Add more reserved words, mostly for SQL92 compliance(Thomas)
-Allow hh:mm:ss time entry for timespan/reltime types(Thomas)
-Add center() routines for lseg, path, polygon(Thomas)
-Add distance() routines for circle-polygon, polygon-polygon(Thomas)
-Check explicitly for points and polygons contained within polygons
- using an axis-crossing algorithm(Thomas)
-Add routine to convert circle-box(Thomas)
-Merge conflicting operators for different geometric data types(Thomas)
-Replace distance operator "<===>" with "<->"(Thomas)
-Replace "above" operator "!^" with ">^" and "below" operator "!|" with "<^"(Thomas)
-Add routines for text trimming on both ends, substring, and string position(Thomas)
-Added conversion routines circle(box) and poly(circle)(Thomas)
-Allow internal sorts to be stored in memory rather than in files(Bruce & Vadim)
-Allow functions and operators on internally-identical types to succeed(Bruce)
-Speed up backend start-up after profiling analysis(Bruce)
-Inline frequently called functions for performance(Bruce)
-Reduce open() calls(Bruce)
-psql: Add PAGER for \h and \?,\C fix
-Fix for psql pager when no tty(Bruce)
-New entab utility(Bruce)
-General trigger functions for referential integrity (Vadim)
-General trigger functions for time travel (Vadim)
-General trigger functions for AUTOINCREMENT/IDENTITY feature (Vadim)
-MOVE implementation (Vadim)
-
-Source Tree Changes
--------------------
-HP-UX 10 patches (Vladimir Turin)
-Added SCO support, (Daniel Harris)
-MkLinux patches (Tatsuo Ishii)
-Change geometric box terminology from "length" to "width"(Thomas)
-Deprecate temporary unstored slope fields in geometric code(Thomas)
-Remove restart instructions from INSTALL(Bruce)
-Look in /usr/ucb first for install(Bruce)
-Fix c++ copy example code(Thomas)
-Add -o to psql manual page(Bruce)
-Prevent relname unallocated string length from being copied into database(Bruce)
-Cleanup for NAMEDATALEN use(Bruce)
-Fix pg_proc names over 15 chars in output(Bruce)
-Add strNcpy() function(Bruce)
-remove some (void) casts that are unnecessary(Bruce)
-new interfaces directory(Marc)
-Replace fopen() calls with calls to fd.c functions(Bruce)
-Make functions static where possible(Bruce)
-enclose unused functions in #ifdef NOT_USED(Bruce)
-Remove call to difftime() in timestamp support to fix SunOS(Bruce & Thomas)
-Changes for Digital Unix
-Portability fix for pg_dumpall(Bruce)
-Rename pg_attribute.attnvals to attdispersion(Bruce)
-"intro/unix" manual page now "pgintro"(Bruce)
-"built-in" manual page now "pgbuiltin"(Bruce)
-"drop" manual page now "drop_table"(Bruce)
-Add "create_trigger", "drop_trigger" manual pages(Thomas)
-Add constraints regression test(Vadim & Thomas)
-Add comments syntax regression test(Thomas)
-Add PGINDENT and support program(Bruce)
-Massive commit to run PGINDENT on all *.c and *.h files(Bruce)
-Files moved to /src/tools directory(Bruce)
-SPI and Trigger programming guides (Vadim & D'Arcy)
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-1-1">
-<title>Release 6.1.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1997-07-22</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 6.1 to version 6.1.1</title>
-
-<para>
-This is a minor bug-fix release. A dump/reload is not required from version 6.1,
-but is required from any release prior to 6.1.
-Refer to the release notes for 6.1 for more details.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-fix for SET with options (Thomas)
-allow pg_dump/pg_dumpall to preserve ownership of all tables/objects(Bruce)
-new psql \connect option allows changing usernames without changing databases
-fix for initdb --debug option(Yoshihiko Ichikawa))
-lextest cleanup(Bruce)
-hash fixes(Vadim)
-fix date/time month boundary arithmetic(Thomas)
-fix timezone daylight handling for some ports(Thomas, Bruce, Tatsuo)
-timestamp overhauled to use standard functions(Thomas)
-other code cleanup in date/time routines(Thomas)
-psql's \d now case-insensitive(Bruce)
-psql's backslash commands can now have trailing semicolon(Bruce)
-fix memory leak in psql when using \g(Bruce)
-major fix for endian handling of communication to server(Thomas, Tatsuo)
-Fix for Solaris assembler and include files(Yoshihiko Ichikawa)
-allow underscores in usernames(Bruce)
-pg_dumpall now returns proper status, portability fix(Bruce)
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- </sect2>
- </sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-1">
-<title>Release 6.1</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1997-06-08</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
- The regression tests have been adapted and extensively modified for the
- 6.1 release of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
-</para>
-
-<para>
- Three new data types (<type>datetime</type>, <type>timespan</type>, and <type>circle</type>) have been added to
- the native set of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> types. Points, boxes, paths, and polygons
- have had their output formats made consistent across the data types.
- The polygon output in misc.out has only been spot-checked for correctness
- relative to the original regression output.
-</para>
-
-<para>
- <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 6.1 introduces a new, alternate
-optimizer which uses <firstterm>genetic</firstterm>
- algorithms. These algorithms introduce a random behavior in the ordering
- of query results when the query contains multiple qualifiers or multiple
- tables (giving the optimizer a choice on order of evaluation). Several
- regression tests have been modified to explicitly order the results, and
- hence are insensitive to optimizer choices. A few regression tests are
- for data types which are inherently unordered (e.g. points and time
- intervals) and tests involving those types are explicitly bracketed with
- <command>set geqo to 'off'</command> and <command>reset geqo</command>.
-</para>
-
-<para>
- The interpretation of array specifiers (the curly braces around atomic
- values) appears to have changed sometime after the original regression
- tests were generated. The current <filename>./expected/*.out</filename> files reflect this
- new interpretation, which might not be correct!
-</para>
-
-<para>
- The float8 regression test fails on at least some platforms. This is due
- to differences in implementations of <function>pow()</function> and <function>exp()</function> and the signaling
- mechanisms used for overflow and underflow conditions.
-</para>
-
-<para>
- The <quote>random</> results in the random test should cause the
- <quote>random</quote> test to be <quote>failed</quote>, since the
- regression tests are evaluated using a simple diff. However,
- <quote>random</> does not seem to produce random results on my test
- machine (Linux/<application>gcc</>/i686).
-</para>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration to Version 6.1</title>
-
-<para>
-This migration requires a complete dump of the 6.0 database and a
-restore of the database in 6.1.
-</para>
-<para>
-Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
-because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-packet length checking in library routines
-lock manager priority patch
-check for under/over flow of float8(Bruce)
-multitable join fix(Vadim)
-SIGPIPE crash fix(Darren)
-large object fixes(Sven)
-allow btree indexes to handle NULLs(Vadim)
-timezone fixes(D'Arcy)
-select SUM(x) can return NULL on no rows(Thomas)
-internal optimizer, executor bug fixes(Vadim)
-fix problem where inner loop in < or <= has no rows(Vadim)
-prevent re-commuting join index clauses(Vadim)
-fix join clauses for multiple tables(Vadim)
-fix hash, hashjoin for arrays(Vadim)
-fix btree for abstime type(Vadim)
-large object fixes(Raymond)
-fix buffer leak in hash indexes (Vadim)
-fix rtree for use in inner scan (Vadim)
-fix gist for use in inner scan, cleanups (Vadim, Andrea)
-avoid unnecessary local buffers allocation (Vadim, Massimo)
-fix local buffers leak in transaction aborts (Vadim)
-fix file manager memmory leaks, cleanups (Vadim, Massimo)
-fix storage manager memmory leaks (Vadim)
-fix btree duplicates handling (Vadim)
-fix deleted rows reincarnation caused by vacuum (Vadim)
-fix SELECT varchar()/char() INTO TABLE made zero-length fields(Bruce)
-many psql, pg_dump, and libpq memory leaks fixed using Purify (Igor)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-attribute optimization statistics(Bruce)
-much faster new btree bulk load code(Paul)
-BTREE UNIQUE added to bulk load code(Vadim)
-new lock debug code(Massimo)
-massive changes to libpg++(Leo)
-new GEQO optimizer speeds table multitable optimization(Martin)
-new WARN message for non-unique insert into unique key(Marc)
-update x=-3, no spaces, now valid(Bruce)
-remove case-sensitive identifier handling(Bruce,Thomas,Dan)
-debug backend now pretty-prints tree(Darren)
-new Oracle character functions(Edmund)
-new plaintext password functions(Dan)
-no such class or insufficient privilege changed to distinct messages(Dan)
-new ANSI timestamp function(Dan)
-new ANSI Time and Date types (Thomas)
-move large chunks of data in backend(Martin)
-multicolumn btree indexes(Vadim)
-new SET var TO value command(Martin)
-update transaction status on reads(Dan)
-new locale settings for character types(Oleg)
-new SEQUENCE serial number generator(Vadim)
-GROUP BY function now possible(Vadim)
-re-organize regression test(Thomas,Marc)
-new optimizer operation weights(Vadim)
-new psql \z grant/permit option(Marc)
-new MONEY data type(D'Arcy,Thomas)
-tcp socket communication speed improved(Vadim)
-new VACUUM option for attribute statistics, and for certain columns (Vadim)
-many geometric type improvements(Thomas,Keith)
-additional regression tests(Thomas)
-new datestyle variable(Thomas,Vadim,Martin)
-more comparison operators for sorting types(Thomas)
-new conversion functions(Thomas)
-new more compact btree format(Vadim)
-allow pg_dumpall to preserve database ownership(Bruce)
-new SET GEQO=# and R_PLANS variable(Vadim)
-old (!GEQO) optimizer can use right-sided plans (Vadim)
-typechecking improvement in SQL parser(Bruce)
-new SET, SHOW, RESET commands(Thomas,Vadim)
-new \connect database USER option
-new destroydb -i option (Igor)
-new \dt and \di psql commands (Darren)
-SELECT "\n" now escapes newline (A. Duursma)
-new geometry conversion functions from old format (Thomas)
-
-Source tree changes
--------------------
-new configuration script(Marc)
-readline configuration option added(Marc)
-OS-specific configuration options removed(Marc)
-new OS-specific template files(Marc)
-no more need to edit Makefile.global(Marc)
-re-arrange include files(Marc)
-nextstep patches (Gregor Hoffleit)
-removed Windows-specific code(Bruce)
-removed postmaster -e option, now only postgres -e option (Bruce)
-merge duplicate library code in front/backends(Martin)
-now works with eBones, international Kerberos(Jun)
-more shared library support
-c++ include file cleanup(Bruce)
-warn about buggy flex(Bruce)
-DG/UX, Ultrix, IRIX, AIX portability fixes
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-6-0">
-<title>Release 6.0</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1997-01-29</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-A dump/restore is required for those wishing to migrate data from
-previous releases of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
-</para>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 1.09 to version 6.0</title>
-
-<para>
-This migration requires a complete dump of the 1.09 database and a
-restore of the database in 6.0.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from pre-1.09 to version 6.0</title>
-
-<para>
-Those migrating from earlier 1.* releases should first upgrade to 1.09
-because the COPY output format was improved from the 1.02 release.
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Changes</title>
-
- <para>
- <programlisting>
-Bug Fixes
----------
-ALTER TABLE bug - running postgres process needs to re-read table definition
-Allow vacuum to be run on one table or entire database(Bruce)
-Array fixes
-Fix array over-runs of memory writes(Kurt)
-Fix elusive btree range/non-range bug(Dan)
-Fix for hash indexes on some types like time and date
-Fix for pg_log size explosion
-Fix permissions on lo_export()(Bruce)
-Fix uninitialized reads of memory(Kurt)
-Fixed ALTER TABLE ... char(3) bug(Bruce)
-Fixed a few small memory leaks
-Fixed EXPLAIN handling of options and changed full_path option name
-Fixed output of group acl privileges
-Memory leaks (hunt and destroy with tools like Purify(Kurt)
-Minor improvements to rules system
-NOTIFY fixes
-New asserts for run-checking
-Overhauled parser/analyze code to properly report errors and increase speed
-Pg_dump -d now handles NULL's properly(Bruce)
-Prevent SELECT NULL from crashing server (Bruce)
-Properly report errors when INSERT ... SELECT columns did not match
-Properly report errors when insert column names were not correct
-psql \g filename now works(Bruce)
-psql fixed problem with multiple statements on one line with multiple outputs
-Removed duplicate system OIDs
-SELECT * INTO TABLE . GROUP/ORDER BY gives unlink error if table exists(Bruce)
-Several fixes for queries that crashed the backend
-Starting quote in insert string errors(Bruce)
-Submitting an empty query now returns empty status, not just " " query(Bruce)
-
-Enhancements
-------------
-Add EXPLAIN manual page(Bruce)
-Add UNIQUE index capability(Dan)
-Add hostname/user level access control rather than just hostname and user
-Add synonym of != for <>(Bruce)
-Allow "select oid,* from table"
-Allow BY,ORDER BY to specify columns by number, or by non-alias table.column(Bruce)
-Allow COPY from the frontend(Bryan)
-Allow GROUP BY to use alias column name(Bruce)
-Allow actual compression, not just reuse on the same page(Vadim)
-Allow installation-configuration option to auto-add all local users(Bryan)
-Allow libpq to distinguish between text value '' and null(Bruce)
-Allow non-postgres users with createdb privs to destroydb's
-Allow restriction on who can create C functions(Bryan)
-Allow restriction on who can do backend COPY(Bryan)
-Can shrink tables, pg_time and pg_log(Vadim & Erich)
-Change debug level 2 to print queries only, changed debug heading layout(Bruce)
-Change default decimal constant representation from float4 to float8(Bruce)
-European date format now set when postmaster is started
-Execute lowercase function names if not found with exact case
-Fixes for aggregate/GROUP processing, allow 'select sum(func(x),sum(x+y) from z'
-Gist now included in the distribution(Marc)
-Idend authentication of local users(Bryan)
-Implement BETWEEN qualifier(Bruce)
-Implement IN qualifier(Bruce)
-libpq has PQgetisnull()(Bruce)
-libpq++ improvements
-New options to initdb(Bryan)
-Pg_dump allow dump of OIDs(Bruce)
-Pg_dump create indexes after tables are loaded for speed(Bruce)
-Pg_dumpall dumps all databases, and the user table
-Pginterface additions for NULL values(Bruce)
-Prevent postmaster from being run as root
-psql \h and \? is now readable(Bruce)
-psql allow backslashed, semicolons anywhere on the line(Bruce)
-psql changed command prompt for lines in query or in quotes(Bruce)
-psql char(3) now displays as (bp)char in \d output(Bruce)
-psql return code now more accurate(Bryan?)
-psql updated help syntax(Bruce)
-Re-visit and fix vacuum(Vadim)
-Reduce size of regression diffs, remove timezone name difference(Bruce)
-Remove compile-time parameters to enable binary distributions(Bryan)
-Reverse meaning of HBA masks(Bryan)
-Secure Authentication of local users(Bryan)
-Speed up vacuum(Vadim)
-Vacuum now had VERBOSE option(Bruce)
-
-Source tree changes
--------------------
-All functions now have prototypes that are compared against the calls
-Allow asserts to be disabled easily from Makefile.global(Bruce)
-Change oid constants used in code to #define names
-Decoupled sparc and solaris defines(Kurt)
-Gcc -Wall compiles cleanly with warnings only from unfixable constructs
-Major include file reorganization/reduction(Marc)
-Make now stops on compile failure(Bryan)
-Makefile restructuring(Bryan, Marc)
-Merge bsdi_2_1 to bsdi(Bruce)
-Monitor program removed
-Name change from Postgres95 to PostgreSQL
-New config.h file(Marc, Bryan)
-PG_VERSION now set to 6.0 and used by postmaster
-Portability additions, including Ultrix, DG/UX, AIX, and Solaris
-Reduced the number of #define's, centralized #define's
-Remove duplicate OIDS in system tables(Dan)
-Remove duplicate system catalog info or report mismatches(Dan)
-Removed many os-specific #define's
-Restructured object file generation/location(Bryan, Marc)
-Restructured port-specific file locations(Bryan, Marc)
-Unused/uninitialized variables corrected
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-1-09">
-<title>Release 1.09</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1996-11-04</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-Sorry, we didn't keep track of changes from 1.02 to 1.09. Some of
-the changes listed in 6.0 were actually included in the 1.02.1 to 1.09
-releases.
-</para>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-1-02">
-<title>Release 1.02</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1996-08-01</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 1.02 to version 1.02.1</title>
-
-<para>
-Here is a new migration file for 1.02.1. It includes the 'copy' change
-and a script to convert old <acronym>ASCII</acronym> files.
-</para>
-<note>
-<para>
-The following notes are for the benefit of users who want to migrate
-databases from <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01 and 1.02 to <productname>Postgres95</> 1.02.1.
-</para>
-<para>
-If you are starting afresh with <productname>Postgres95</> 1.02.1 and do not need
-to migrate old databases, you do not need to read any further.
-</para>
-</note>
-
-<para>
-In order to upgrade older <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.01 or 1.02 databases to
-version 1.02.1, the following steps are required:
-</para>
-<procedure>
-<step>
-<para>
-Start up a new 1.02.1 postmaster
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Add the new built-in functions and operators of 1.02.1 to 1.01 or 1.02
- databases. This is done by running the new 1.02.1 server against
- your own 1.01 or 1.02 database and applying the queries attached at
- the end of the file. This can be done easily through <command>psql</>. If your
- 1.01 or 1.02 database is named <literal>testdb</literal> and you have cut the commands
- from the end of this file and saved them in <filename>addfunc.sql</filename>:
-<programlisting>
- % psql testdb -f addfunc.sql
-</programlisting>
-
-Those upgrading 1.02 databases will get a warning when executing the
-last two statements in the file because they are already present in 1.02. This is
-not a cause for concern.
-</para>
-</step>
-</procedure>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Dump/Reload Procedure</title>
-
-<para>
-If you are trying to reload a pg_dump or text-mode, <literal>copy tablename to
-stdout</literal> generated with a previous version, you will need to run the
-attached <command>sed</command> script on the ASCII file before loading it into the
-database. The old format used '.' as end-of-data, while '\.' is now the
-end-of-data marker. Also, empty strings are now loaded in as '' rather
-than NULL. See the copy manual page for full details.
-
-<programlisting>
- sed 's/^\.$/\\./g' <in_file >out_file
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-<para>
-If you are loading an older binary copy or non-<systemitem>stdout</> copy, there is no
-end-of-data character, and hence no conversion necessary.
-
-<programlisting>
--- following lines added by agc to reflect the case-insensitive
--- regexp searching for varchar (in 1.02), and bpchar (in 1.02.1)
-create operator ~* (leftarg = bpchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = bpchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
-create operator ~* (leftarg = varchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = varchar, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Source code maintenance and development
- * worldwide team of volunteers
- * the source tree now in CVS at ftp.ki.net
-
-Enhancements
- * psql (and underlying libpq library) now has many more options for
- formatting output, including HTML
- * pg_dump now output the schema and/or the data, with many fixes to
- enhance completeness.
- * psql used in place of monitor in administration shell scripts.
- monitor to be deprecated in next release.
- * date/time functions enhanced
- * NULL insert/update/comparison fixed/enhanced
- * TCL/TK lib and shell fixed to work with both tck7.4/tk4.0 and tcl7.5/tk4.1
-
-Bug Fixes (almost too numerous to mention)
- * indexes
- * storage management
- * check for NULL pointer before dereferencing
- * Makefile fixes
-
-New Ports
- * added SolarisX86 port
- * added BSD/OS 2.1 port
- * added DG/UX port
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-<!--
-Contributors (apologies to any missed)
- (missed in first run, but no less important)
+ The reason for splitting the release notes this way is so that appropriate
+ subsets can easily be copied into back branches.
-->
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-1-01">
-<title>Release 1.01</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1996-02-23</simpara>
- </note>
-
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Migration from version 1.0 to version 1.01</title>
-
-<para>
-The following notes are for the benefit of users who want to migrate
-databases from <productname>Postgres95</> 1.0 to <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01.
-</para>
-<para>
-If you are starting afresh with <productname>Postgres95</> 1.01 and do not need
-to migrate old databases, you do not need to read any further.
-</para>
-<para>
-In order to <productname>Postgres95</> version 1.01 with databases created with
-<productname>Postgres95</> version 1.0, the following steps are required:
-</para>
-<procedure>
-<step>
-<para>
-Set the definition of <symbol>NAMEDATALEN</symbol> in <filename>src/Makefile.global</filename> to 16
- and <symbol>OIDNAMELEN</symbol> to 20.
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Decide whether you want to use Host based authentication.
-</para>
-<substeps>
-<step>
-<para>
-If you do, you must create a file name <literal>pg_hba</literal> in your top-level data
- directory (typically the value of your <envar>$PGDATA</envar>). <filename>src/libpq/pg_hba</filename>
- shows an example syntax.
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-If you do not want host-based authentication, you can comment out
- the line:
-<programlisting>
- HBA = 1
-</programlisting>
- in <filename>src/Makefile.global</filename>
-</para>
-<para>
- Note that host-based authentication is turned on by default, and if
- you do not take steps A or B above, the out-of-the-box 1.01 will
- not allow you to connect to 1.0 databases.
-</para>
-</step>
-</substeps>
-</step>
-
-<step>
-<para>
-Compile and install 1.01, but DO NOT do the <command>initdb</command> step.
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Before doing anything else, terminate your 1.0 postmaster, and
- backup your existing <envar>$PGDATA</envar> directory.
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Set your <envar>PGDATA</envar> environment variable to your 1.0 databases, but set up
- path up so that 1.01 binaries are being used.
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Modify the file <filename><envar>$PGDATA</envar>/PG_VERSION</filename> from 5.0 to 5.1
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Start up a new 1.01 postmaster
-</para>
-</step>
-<step>
-<para>
-Add the new built-in functions and operators of 1.01 to 1.0
- databases. This is done by running the new 1.01 server against
- your own 1.0 database and applying the queries attached and saving
- in the file 1.0_to_1.01.sql. This can be done easily through <command>psql</command>.
- If your 1.0 database is name <literal>testdb</literal>:
-
-<programlisting>
- % psql testdb -f 1.0_to_1.01.sql
-</programlisting>
-
-and then execute the following commands (cut and paste from here):
-
-<programlisting>
--- add builtin functions that are new to 1.01
-
-create function int4eqoid (int4, oid) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function oideqint4 (oid, int4) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char2icregexeq (char2, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char2icregexne (char2, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char4icregexeq (char4, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char4icregexne (char4, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char8icregexeq (char8, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char8icregexne (char8, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char16icregexeq (char16, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function char16icregexne (char16, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function texticregexeq (text, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-create function texticregexne (text, text) returns bool as 'foo'
-language 'internal';
-
--- add builtin functions that are new to 1.01
-
-create operator = (leftarg = int4, rightarg = oid, procedure = int4eqoid);
-create operator = (leftarg = oid, rightarg = int4, procedure = oideqint4);
-create operator ~* (leftarg = char2, rightarg = text, procedure = char2icregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = char2, rightarg = text, procedure = char2icregexne);
-create operator ~* (leftarg = char4, rightarg = text, procedure = char4icregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = char4, rightarg = text, procedure = char4icregexne);
-create operator ~* (leftarg = char8, rightarg = text, procedure = char8icregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = char8, rightarg = text, procedure = char8icregexne);
-create operator ~* (leftarg = char16, rightarg = text, procedure = char16icregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = char16, rightarg = text, procedure = char16icregexne);
-create operator ~* (leftarg = text, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexeq);
-create operator !~* (leftarg = text, rightarg = text, procedure = texticregexne);
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</step>
-</procedure>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Incompatibilities:
- * 1.01 is backwards compatible with 1.0 database provided the user
- follow the steps outlined in the MIGRATION_from_1.0_to_1.01 file.
- If those steps are not taken, 1.01 is not compatible with 1.0 database.
-
-Enhancements:
- * added PQdisplayTuples() to libpq and changed monitor and psql to use it
- * added NeXT port (requires SysVIPC implementation)
- * added CAST .. AS ... syntax
- * added ASC and DESC key words
- * added 'internal' as a possible language for CREATE FUNCTION
- internal functions are C functions which have been statically linked
- into the postgres backend.
- * a new type "name" has been added for system identifiers (table names,
- attribute names, etc.) This replaces the old char16 type. The
- of name is set by the NAMEDATALEN #define in src/Makefile.global
- * a readable reference manual that describes the query language.
- * added host-based access control. A configuration file ($PGDATA/pg_hba)
- is used to hold the configuration data. If host-based access control
- is not desired, comment out HBA=1 in src/Makefile.global.
- * changed regex handling to be uniform use of Henry Spencer's regex code
- regardless of platform. The regex code is included in the distribution
- * added functions and operators for case-insensitive regular expressions.
- The operators are ~* and !~*.
- * pg_dump uses COPY instead of SELECT loop for better performance
-
-Bug fixes:
- * fixed an optimizer bug that was causing core dumps when
- functions calls were used in comparisons in the WHERE clause
- * changed all uses of getuid to geteuid so that effective uids are used
- * psql now returns non-zero status on errors when using -c
- * applied public patches 1-14
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-1-0">
-<title>Release 1.0</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1995-09-05</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Copyright change:
- * The copyright of <productname>Postgres</productname> 1.0 has been loosened to be freely modifiable
- and modifiable for any purpose. Please read the COPYRIGHT file.
- Thanks to Professor Michael Stonebraker for making this possible.
-
-Incompatibilities:
- * date formats have to be MM-DD-YYYY (or DD-MM-YYYY if you're using
- EUROPEAN STYLE). This follows SQL-92 specs.
- * "delimiters" is now a key word
-
-Enhancements:
- * sql LIKE syntax has been added
- * copy command now takes an optional USING DELIMITER specification.
- delimiters can be any single-character string.
- * IRIX 5.3 port has been added.
- Thanks to Paul Walmsley and others.
- * updated pg_dump to work with new libpq
- * \d has been added psql
- Thanks to Keith Parks
- * regexp performance for architectures that use POSIX regex has been
- improved due to caching of precompiled patterns.
- Thanks to Alistair Crooks
- * a new version of libpq++
- Thanks to William Wanders
-
-Bug fixes:
- * arbitrary userids can be specified in the createuser script
- * \c to connect to other databases in psql now works.
- * bad pg_proc entry for float4inc() is fixed
- * users with usecreatedb field set can now create databases without
- having to be usesuper
- * remove access control entries when the entry no longer has any
- privileges
- * fixed non-portable datetimes implementation
- * added kerberos flags to the src/backend/Makefile
- * libpq now works with kerberos
- * typographic errors in the user manual have been corrected.
- * btrees with multiple index never worked, now we tell you they don't
- work when you try to use them
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-0-03">
-<title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.03</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1995-07-21</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Incompatible changes:
- * BETA-0.3 IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH DATABASES CREATED WITH PREVIOUS VERSIONS
- (due to system catalog changes and indexing structure changes).
- * double-quote (") is deprecated as a quoting character for string literals;
- you need to convert them to single quotes ('). <!-- " -->
- * name of aggregates (eg. int4sum) are renamed in accordance with the
- SQL standard (eg. sum).
- * CHANGE ACL syntax is replaced by GRANT/REVOKE syntax.
- * float literals (eg. 3.14) are now of type float4 (instead of float8 in
- previous releases); you might have to do typecasting if you depend on it
- being of type float8. If you neglect to do the typecasting and you assign
- a float literal to a field of type float8, you might get incorrect values
- stored!
- * LIBPQ has been totally revamped so that frontend applications
- can connect to multiple backends
- * the usesysid field in pg_user has been changed from int2 to int4 to
- allow wider range of Unix user ids.
- * the netbsd/freebsd/bsd o/s ports have been consolidated into a
- single BSD44_derived port. (thanks to Alistair Crooks)
-
-SQL standard-compliance (the following details changes that makes postgres95
-more compliant to the SQL-92 standard):
- * the following SQL types are now built-in: smallint, int(eger), float, real,
- char(N), varchar(N), date and time.
-
- The following are aliases to existing postgres types:
- smallint -> int2
- integer, int -> int4
- float, real -> float4
- char(N) and varchar(N) are implemented as truncated text types. In
- addition, char(N) does blank-padding.
- * single-quote (') is used for quoting string literals; '' (in addition to
- \') is supported as means of inserting a single quote in a string
- * SQL standard aggregate names (MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, COUNT) are used
- (Also, aggregates can now be overloaded, i.e. you can define your
- own MAX aggregate to take in a user-defined type.)
- * CHANGE ACL removed. GRANT/REVOKE syntax added.
- - Privileges can be given to a group using the "GROUP" key word.
- For example:
- GRANT SELECT ON foobar TO GROUP my_group;
- The key word 'PUBLIC' is also supported to mean all users.
-
- Privileges can only be granted or revoked to one user or group
- at a time.
-
- "WITH GRANT OPTION" is not supported. Only class owners can change
- access control
- - The default access control is to grant users readonly access.
- You must explicitly grant insert/update access to users. To change
- this, modify the line in
- src/backend/utils/acl.h
- that defines ACL_WORLD_DEFAULT
-
-Bug fixes:
- * the bug where aggregates of empty tables were not run has been fixed. Now,
- aggregates run on empty tables will return the initial conditions of the
- aggregates. Thus, COUNT of an empty table will now properly return 0.
- MAX/MIN of an empty table will return a row of value NULL.
- * allow the use of \; inside the monitor
- * the LISTEN/NOTIFY asynchronous notification mechanism now work
- * NOTIFY in rule action bodies now work
- * hash indexes work, and access methods in general should perform better.
- creation of large btree indexes should be much faster. (thanks to Paul
- Aoki)
-
-Other changes and enhancements:
- * addition of an EXPLAIN statement used for explaining the query execution
- plan (eg. "EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM EMP" prints out the execution plan for
- the query).
- * WARN and NOTICE messages no longer have timestamps on them. To turn on
- timestamps of error messages, uncomment the line in
- src/backend/utils/elog.h:
- /* define ELOG_TIMESTAMPS */
- * On an access control violation, the message
- "Either no such class or insufficient privilege"
- will be given. This is the same message that is returned when
- a class is not found. This dissuades non-privileged users from
- guessing the existence of privileged classes.
- * some additional system catalog changes have been made that are not
- visible to the user.
-
-libpgtcl changes:
- * The -oid option has been added to the "pg_result" tcl command.
- pg_result -oid returns oid of the last row inserted. If the
- last command was not an INSERT, then pg_result -oid returns "".
- * the large object interface is available as pg_lo* tcl commands:
- pg_lo_open, pg_lo_close, pg_lo_creat, etc.
-
-Portability enhancements and New Ports:
- * flex/lex problems have been cleared up. Now, you should be able to use
- flex instead of lex on any platforms. We no longer make assumptions of
- what lexer you use based on the platform you use.
- * The Linux-ELF port is now supported. Various configuration have been
- tested: The following configuration is known to work:
- kernel 1.2.10, gcc 2.6.3, libc 4.7.2, flex 2.5.2, bison 1.24
- with everything in ELF format,
-
-New utilities:
- * ipcclean added to the distribution
- ipcclean usually does not need to be run, but if your backend crashes
- and leaves shared memory segments hanging around, ipcclean will
- clean them up for you.
-
-New documentation:
- * the user manual has been revised and libpq documentation added.
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-0-02">
-<title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.02</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1995-05-25</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Changes</title>
-
-<para>
-<programlisting>
-Incompatible changes:
- * The SQL statement for creating a database is 'CREATE DATABASE' instead
- of 'CREATEDB'. Similarly, dropping a database is 'DROP DATABASE' instead
- of 'DESTROYDB'. However, the names of the executables 'createdb' and
- 'destroydb' remain the same.
-
-New tools:
- * pgperl - a Perl (4.036) interface to Postgres95
- * pg_dump - a utility for dumping out a postgres database into a
- script file containing query commands. The script files are in a ASCII
- format and can be used to reconstruct the database, even on other
- machines and other architectures. (Also good for converting
- a Postgres 4.2 database to Postgres95 database.)
-
-The following ports have been incorporated into postgres95-beta-0.02:
- * the NetBSD port by Alistair Crooks
- * the AIX port by Mike Tung
- * the Windows NT port by Jon Forrest (more stuff but not done yet)
- * the Linux ELF port by Brian Gallew
-
-The following bugs have been fixed in postgres95-beta-0.02:
- * new lines not escaped in COPY OUT and problem with COPY OUT when first
- attribute is a '.'
- * cannot type return to use the default user id in createuser
- * SELECT DISTINCT on big tables crashes
- * Linux installation problems
- * monitor doesn't allow use of 'localhost' as PGHOST
- * psql core dumps when doing \c or \l
- * the "pgtclsh" target missing from src/bin/pgtclsh/Makefile
- * libpgtcl has a hard-wired default port number
- * SELECT DISTINCT INTO TABLE hangs
- * CREATE TYPE doesn't accept 'variable' as the internallength
- * wrong result using more than 1 aggregate in a SELECT
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-
-<sect1 id="release-0-01">
-<title><productname>Postgres95</productname> Release 0.01</title>
-
- <note>
- <title>Release date</title>
- <simpara>1995-05-01</simpara>
- </note>
-
-<para>
-Initial release.
-</para>
-</sect1>
-
-<![IGNORE[
- <sect1 id="timing-results">
- <title>Timing Results</title>
-
- <para>
- These timing results are from running the regression test with the commands
-
- <programlisting>
-% cd src/test/regress
-% make all
-% time make runtest
- </programlisting>
- </para>
- <para>
- Timing under Linux 2.0.27 seems to have a roughly 5% variation from run
- to run, presumably due to the scheduling vagaries of multitasking systems.
- </para>
-
- <sect2>
- <title>Version 6.5</title>
-
- <para>
- As has been the case for previous releases, timing between
- releases is not directly comparable since new regression tests
- have been added. In general, 6.5 is faster than previous
- releases.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Timing with <function>fsync()</function> disabled:
-
- <programlisting>
- Time System
- 02:00 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 224MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.36, gcc 2.7.2.3 -O2 -m486
- 04:38 Sparc Ultra 1 143MHz, 64MB, Solaris 2.6
- </programlisting>
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Timing with <function>fsync()</function> enabled:
-
- <programlisting>
- Time System
- 04:21 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 224MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.36, gcc 2.7.2.3 -O2 -m486
- </programlisting>
-
- For the <systemitem class="osname">Linux</systemitem> system above, using <acronym>UW-SCSI</acronym> disks rather than (older) <acronym>IDE</acronym>
- disks leads to a 50% improvement in speed on the regression test.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Version 6.4beta</title>
-
-<para>
-The times for this release are not directly comparable to those for previous releases
-since some additional regression tests have been included.
-In general, however, 6.4 should be slightly faster than the previous release (thanks, Bruce!).
-</para>
-<para>
-<programlisting>
- Time System
- 02:26 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Version 6.3</title>
-
-<para>
-The times for this release are not directly comparable to those for previous releases
-since some additional regression tests have been included and some obsolete tests involving
-time travel have been removed.
-In general, however, 6.3 is substantially faster than previous releases (thanks, Bruce!).
-</para>
-<para>
-<programlisting>
- Time System
- 02:30 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, UW-SCSI, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
- 04:12 Dual Pentium Pro 180, 96MB, EIDE, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O2 -m486
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Version 6.1</title>
+&release-8.3;
+&release-8.2;
+&release-8.1;
+&release-8.0;
+&release-7.4;
+&release-old;
-<para>
-<programlisting>
- Time System
- 06:12 Pentium Pro 180, 32MB, EIDE, Linux 2.0.30, gcc 2.7.2 -O2 -m486
- 12:06 P-100, 48MB, Linux 2.0.29, gcc
- 39:58 Sparc IPC 32MB, Solaris 2.5, gcc 2.7.2.1 -O -g
-</programlisting>
-</para>
-</sect2>
-</sect1>
-]]>
</appendix>
projects / users / bernd / postgres.git / commitdiff