INTERFACE PYTHON
WITH MYSQL
Connecting Python application with
Introductio
n
Every application required data to be stored for future
reference to manipulate data. Today every application
stores data in database for this purpose
For example, reservation system stores passengers
details for reserving the seats and later on for sending
some messages or for printing tickets etc.
In school student details are saved for many reasons
like attendance, fee collections, exams, report card etc.
Python allows us to connect all types of database like
Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL.
In our syllabus we have to understand how to connect
Python programs with MySQL
Pre-requisite to connect Python
with MySQL
Before we connect python program with any database
like MySQL we need to build a bridge to connect
Python and MySQL.
To build this bridge so that data can travel both
ways we need a connector called “mysql.connector”.
We can install “mysql.connector” by using
following methods:
🞑 At command prompt (Administrator login)
Type “pip install mysql.connector” and press enter
(internet connection in required)
This connector will work only for MySQL 5.7.3 or later
🞑 Or open
“https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/”
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Connecting to MySQL from
Python
Once the connector is installed you are
ready to connect your python program to
MySQL.
The following steps to follow while connecting
your python program with MySQL
🞑 Open python
🞑 Import the package required (import
mysql.connector)
🞑 Open the connection to database
🞑 Create a cursor instance
🞑 Execute the query and store it in resultset
🞑 Extract data from resultset
🞑 Clean up the environment
Importing
mysql.connector
import mysql.connector
Or
import mysql.connector as ms
Here “ms” is an alias, so every time we can use “ms”
in place of “mysql.connector”
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Open a connection to MySQL
Database
To create connection, connect() function is used
Its syntax is:
🞑 connect(host=<server_name>,user=<user_name>,
passwd=<password>[,database=<database>])
Here server_name means database servername,
generally it is given as “localhost”
User_name means user by which we connect with
mysql generally it is given as “root”
Password is the password of user “root”
Database is the name of database whose data(table)
we want to use
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Example: To establish connection with
MySQL
is_connected() function
returns true if connection is
established otherwise false
“mys” is an alias of package
“mysql.connector”
“mycon” is connection object which stores connection established with
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MySQL
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Table to work
(emp)
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Creating
Cursor
It is a useful control structure of database connectivity.
When we fire a query to database, it is executed and
resultset (set of records) is sent over he connection in
one go.
We may want to access data one row at a time, but
query processing cannot happens as one row at a time,
so cursor help us in performing this task. Cursor
stores all the data as a temporary container of
returned data and we can fetch data one row at a
time from Cursor.
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Creating Cursor and Executing
Query
TO CREATE CURSOR
🞑 Cursor_name = connectionObject.cursor()
🞑 For e.g.
🞑 mycursor = mycon.cursor()
TO EXECUTE QUERY
We use execute() function to send query to
connection
Cursor_name.execute(query)
For e.g.
mycursor.execute(„select * from emp‟)
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Example -
Cursor
Output shows cursor is created and query is fired and stored, but no data is
coming. To fetch data we have to use functions like fetchall(), fetchone(),
fetchmany() are used
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Fetching(extracting) data from
ResultSet
To extract data from cursor following functions are
used:
🞑 fetchall() : it will return all the record in the form of
tuple.
🞑 fetchone() : it return one record from the result set. i.e.
first time it will return first record, next time it will return
second record and so on. If no more record it will
return None
🞑 fetchmany(n) : it will return n number of records. It no
more record it will return an empty tuple.
🞑 rowcount : it will return number of rows retrieved from
the cursor so far.
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Example –
fetchall()
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Example 2 –
fetchall()
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Example 3 –
fetchall()
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Example 4:
fetchone()
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Example 5:
fetchmany(n)
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Guess the
output
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Parameterized
Query
We can pass values to query to perform dynamic
search like we want to search for any employee
number entered during runtime or to search any
other column values.
To Create Parameterized query we can use
various methods like:
🞑 Concatenating dynamic variable in
to query values are entered. which
🞑 String template with % formatting
🞑 String template with {} and format function
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Concatenating variable with
query
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String template with %s
formatting
In this method we will use %s in place of values
to substitute and then pass the value for that
place.
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String template with %s
formatting
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String template with {} and
format()
In this method in place of %s we will use {} and to
pass values for these placeholder format() is used.
Inside we can optionally give 0,1,2… values for
e.g.
{0},{1} but its not mandatory. we can also optionally
pass named
values throughparameter
format inside we{} so thatnotwhile
passing remember
function the to
order of value need to For
{roll},{name} etc. e.g.
pass.
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String template with {} and
format()
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String template with {} and
format()
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Inserting data in MySQL table from
Python
INSERT and UPDATE operation are executed
in the same way we execute SELECT query using
execute() but one thing to remember, after
executing insert or update query we must commit
our query using connection object with
commit().
For e.g. (if our connection object name is mycon)
mycon.commit()
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BEFORE PROGRAM
Example : inserting EXECUTION
data
AFTER PROGRAM
EXECUTION
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Example: Updating
record
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