Python Object and
Data Structure Basics
Basic Data Types
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● In this section of the course we will cover
the key data types in Python.
● These are your basic building blocks when
constructing larger pieces of code.
● Let’s quickly discuss all of the possible
data types, then we’ll have lectures that
go into more detail about each one!
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Name Type Description
Integers int Whole numbers, such as: 3 300 200
Floating float Numbers with a decimal point: 2.3 4.6 100.0
point
Strings str Ordered sequence of characters: "hello" 'Sammy' "2000" " 楽し
い"
Lists list Ordered sequence of objects: [10,"hello",200.3]
Dictionaries dict Unordered Key:Value pairs: {"mykey" : "value" , "name" :
"Frankie"}
Tuples tup Ordered immutable sequence of objects: (10,"hello",200.3)
Sets set Unordered collection of unique objects: {"a","b"}
Let’s get started!
Numbers
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● There are two main number types we will
work with:
○ Integers which are whole numbers.
○ Floating Point numbers which are
numbers with a decimal.
● Let’s explore basic math with Python!
● We will also discuss how to create
variables and assign them values.
Variable Assignments
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● We just saw how to work with numbers,
but what do these numbers represent?
● It would be nice to assign these data types
a variable name to easily reference them
later on in our code!
● For example:
○ my_dogs = 2
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Rules for variable names
○ Names can not start with a number.
○ There can be no spaces in the name,
use _ instead.
○ Can't use any of these
symbols :'",<>/?|\()!@#$%^&*~-+
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Rules for variable names
○ It's considered best practice (PEP8) that
names are lowercase.
○ Avoid using words that have special
meaning in Python like "list" and "str"
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Python uses Dynamic Typing
● This means you can reassign variables to
different data types.
● This makes Python very flexible in assigning
data types, this is different than other
languages that are “Statically-Typed”
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
my_dogs = 2
my_dogs = [ “Sammy” , “Frankie” ]
This is okay
in Python!
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
my_dogs = 2
my_dogs = [ “Sammy” , “Frankie” ]
ERROR
in other
Languages!
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
int my_dog = 1;
my_dog = “Sammy” ; //RESULTS IN
ERROR
Example of Static Typing
(C++)
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Pros of Dynamic Typing:
○ Very easy to work with
○ Faster development time
● Cons of Dynamic Typing:
○ May result in bugs for unexpected data
types!
○ You need to be aware of type()
Let’s explore these
concepts!
Strings
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Strings are sequences of characters, using
the syntax of either single quotes or
double quotes:
○ 'hello'
○ "Hello"
○ " I don't do that "
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Because strings are ordered sequences it
means we can using indexing and slicing
to grab sub-sections of the string.
● Indexing notation uses [ ] notation after the
string (or variable assigned the string).
● Indexing allows you to grab a single
character from the string...
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● These actions use [ ] square brackets and a
number index to indicate positions of what
you wish to grab.
Character : h e l l o
Index : 0 1
2 3 4
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● These actions use [ ] square brackets and a
number index to indicate positions of what
you wish to grab.
Character : h e l l o
Index : 0 1
2 3 4
Reverse Index: 0 -4 -3 -2 -
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Slicing allows you to grab a subsection of
multiple characters, a “slice” of the string.
● This has the following syntax:
○ [start:stop:step]
● start is a numerical index for the slice start
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Slicing allows you to grab a subsection of
multiple characters, a “slice” of the string.
● This has the following syntax:
○ [start:stop:step]
● start is a numerical index for the slice start
● stop is the index you will go up to (but not
include)
● step is the size of the “jump” you take.
Let’s explore these
concepts!
String Indexing
and Slicing
String Properties
and Methods
String Formatting
for Printing
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Often you will want to “inject” a variable
into your string for printing. For example:
○ my_name = “Jose”
○ print(“Hello ” + my_name)
● There are multiple ways to format strings
for printing variables in them.
● This is known as string interpolation.
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Let’s explore two methods for this:
○ .format() method
○ f-strings (formatted string literals)
Lists
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Lists are ordered sequences that can hold a
variety of object types.
● They use [] brackets and commas to
separate objects in the list.
○ [1,2,3,4,5]
● Lists support indexing and slicing. Lists can
be nested and also have a variety of useful
methods that can be called off of them.
Dictionaries
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Dictionaries are unordered mappings for
storing objects. Previously we saw how lists
store objects in an ordered sequence,
dictionaries use a key-value pairing
instead.
● This key-value pair allows users to quickly
grab objects without needing to know an
index location.
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Dictionaries use curly braces and colons to
signify the keys and their associated values.
{'key1':'value1','key2':'value2'}
● So when to choose a list and when to
choose a dictionary?
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Dictionaries: Objects retrieved by key
name.
Unordered and can not be sorted.
● Lists: Objects retrieved by location.
Ordered Sequence can be indexed or sliced.
Tuples
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Tuples are very similar to lists. However they
have one key difference - immutability.
Once an element is inside a tuple, it can not
be reassigned.
Tuples use parenthesis: (1,2,3)
Sets
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Sets are unordered collections of unique
elements.
Meaning there can only be one representative
of the same object.
Let’s see some examples!
Booleans
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Booleans are operators that allow you to
convey True or False statements.
These are very important later on when we
deal with control flow and logic!
Files
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Before we finish this section, let’s quickly go
over how to perform simple I/O with basic .txt
files.
We’ll also discuss file paths on your computer.
Let’s get started!
Objects and
Data Structures
Assessment Test
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
Let’s have a quick overview of your first test.
You can download the notebooks from GitHub
or as a zip file from the Course Overview
Lecture.
Objects and
Data Structures
Assessment Test
SOLUTIONS
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Numbers: Store numerical information and
come in two forms:
○ Integers - Whole Numbers
○ Floating Point - Numbers with a decimal
Complete Python 3 Bootcamp
● Strings: Ordered sequence of characters
● Lists: Ordered sequence of objects
(mutable)
● Tuples: Ordered sequence of objects
(immutable)
● Dictionary: Key-Value pairing that is
unordered.
Python
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