Use 'tsc' to compile JavaScript

[samtstern]

Description

This is an alternative way to fix #2944 and ensure we can never have a simple bug like that again. With these changes the test:compile step would have said:

 npm run test:compile

> [email protected] test:compile /Users/samstern/Projects/firebase-tools
> tsc --project tsconfig.compile.json

src/deploy/functions/release.js:20:7 - error TS2339: Property 'checkForNode8' does not exist on type 'typeof import("/Users/samstern/Projects/firebase-tools/src/deploy/functions/checkRuntimeDependencies")'.

20 var { checkForNode8 } = require("./checkRuntimeDependencies");
         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Found 1 error.

The only changes that scare me are the places I changed utils.reject to throw new FirebaseError in otherwise synchronous methods ... but I think that is correct?

Scenarios Tested

None?

Sample Commands

N/A

[samtstern]

@bkendall assigning you to give a high-level take on the idea.