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Learning Spark SQL

By : Sarkar

3.5 (4)

Learning Spark SQL

3.5 (4)

By: Sarkar

Overview of this book

In the past year, Apache Spark has been increasingly adopted for the development of distributed applications. Spark SQL APIs provide an optimized interface that helps developers build such applications quickly and easily. However, designing web-scale production applications using Spark SQL APIs can be a complex task. Hence, understanding the design and implementation best practices before you start your project will help you avoid these problems. This book gives an insight into the engineering practices used to design and build real-world, Spark-based applications. The book's hands-on examples will give you the required confidence to work on any future projects you encounter in Spark SQL. It starts by familiarizing you with data exploration and data munging tasks using Spark SQL and Scala. Extensive code examples will help you understand the methods used to implement typical use-cases for various types of applications. You will get a walkthrough of the key concepts and terms that are common to streaming, machine learning, and graph applications. You will also learn key performance-tuning details including Cost Based Optimization (Spark 2.2) in Spark SQL applications. Finally, you will move on to learning how such systems are architected and deployed for a successful delivery of your project.

Preface

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Free Chapter

Getting Started with Spark SQL

Getting Started with Spark SQL

What is Spark SQL?

Introducing SparkSession

Understanding Spark SQL concepts

Using Spark SQL in streaming applications

Summary

Using Spark SQL for Processing Structured and Semistructured Data

Using Spark SQL for Processing Structured and Semistructured Data

Understanding data sources in Spark applications

Using Spark with relational databases

Using Spark with MongoDB (NoSQL database)

Using Spark with JSON data

Using Spark with Avro files

Using Spark with Parquet files

Defining and using custom data sources in Spark

Summary

Using Spark SQL for Data Exploration

Using Spark SQL for Data Exploration

Introducing Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

Using Spark SQL for basic data analysis

Visualizing data with Apache Zeppelin

Sampling data with Spark SQL APIs

Using Spark SQL for creating pivot tables

Summary

Using Spark SQL for Data Munging

Using Spark SQL for Data Munging

Introducing data munging

Exploring data munging techniques

Munging textual data

Munging time series data

Dealing with variable length records

Preparing data for machine learning

Summary

Using Spark SQL in Streaming Applications

Using Spark SQL in Streaming Applications

Introducing streaming data applications

Building Spark streaming applications

Using Kafka with Spark Structured Streaming

Writing a receiver for a custom data source

Summary

Using Spark SQL in Machine Learning Applications

Using Spark SQL in Machine Learning Applications

Introducing machine learning applications

Introducing feature engineering

Implementing a Spark ML classification model

Introducing Spark ML tools and utilities

Implementing a Spark ML clustering model

Summary

Using Spark SQL in Graph Applications

Using Spark SQL in Graph Applications

Introducing large-scale graph applications

Exploring graphs using GraphFrames

Analyzing JSON input modeled as a graph

Processing graphs containing multiple types of relationships

Understanding GraphFrame internals

Summary

Using Spark SQL with SparkR

Using Spark SQL with SparkR

Introducing SparkR

Understanding the SparkR architecture

Understanding SparkR DataFrames

Using SparkR for EDA and data munging tasks

Using SparkR for computing summary statistics

Using SparkR for data visualization

Using SparkR for machine learning

Summary

Developing Applications with Spark SQL

Developing Applications with Spark SQL

Introducing Spark SQL applications

Understanding text analysis applications

Understanding themes in document corpuses

Using Naive Bayes classifiers

Developing a machine learning application

Summary

Using Spark SQL in Deep Learning Applications

Using Spark SQL in Deep Learning Applications

Introducing neural networks

Introducing deep learning in Spark

Understanding Supervised learning

Using deep neural networks for language processing

Introducing autoencoders

Summary

Tuning Spark SQL Components for Performance

Tuning Spark SQL Components for Performance

Introducing performance tuning in Spark SQL

Understanding DataFrame/Dataset APIs

Understanding Catalyst optimizations

Visualizing Spark application execution

Cost-based optimizer in Apache Spark 2.2

Understanding multi-way JOIN ordering optimization

Understanding performance improvements using whole-stage code generation

Summary

Spark SQL in Large-Scale Application Architectures

Spark SQL in Large-Scale Application Architectures

Understanding Spark-based application architectures

Understanding the Lambda architecture

Understanding the Kappa Architecture

Design considerations for building scalable stream processing applications

Building robust ETL pipelines using Spark SQL

Implementing a scalable monitoring solution

Deploying Spark machine learning pipelines

Using cluster managers

Summary

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Getting Started with Spark SQL

Spark SQL is at the heart of all applications developed using Spark. In this book, we will explore Spark SQL in great detail, including its usage in various types of applications as well as its internal workings. Developers and architects will appreciate the technical concepts and hands-on sessions presented in each chapter, as they progress through the book.

In this chapter, we will introduce you to the key concepts related to Spark SQL. We will start with SparkSession, the new entry point for Spark SQL in Spark 2.0. Then, we will explore Spark SQL's interfaces RDDs, DataFrames, and Dataset APIs. Later on, we will explain the developer-level details regarding the Catalyst optimizer and Project Tungsten.

Finally, we will introduce an exciting new feature in Spark 2.0 for streaming applications, called Structured Streaming. Specific hands-on exercises (using publicly available Datasets) are presented throughout the chapter, so you can actively follow along as you read through the various sections.

More specifically, the sections in this chapter will cover the following topics along with practice hands-on sessions:

What is Spark SQL?
Introducing SparkSession
Understanding Spark SQL concepts
- Understanding RDDs, DataFrames, and Datasets
- Understanding the Catalyst optimizer
- Understanding Project Tungsten
Using Spark SQL in continuous applications
Understanding Structured Streaming internals

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