How to Write Data into Excel Sheet using Java?

Last Updated : 27 Nov, 2020

Handling files is an important part of any programming language. Java provides various in-built methods for creating, reading, updating, and deleting files. These methods are provided by the File class which is present in the java.io package. To perform file operations, Java uses the stream class.

To do operations in excel sheets using JAVA, it comes in handy to use the CSV files because CSV files can easily be used with Microsoft Excel, Google spreadsheets, and almost all other spreadsheets available.

To write data into an excel sheet itself using poi :

1. Create a blank workbook.

XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

2. Create a sheet and name it.

XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet(" Student Data ");

3. Create a row

Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum++);

4. Add cells to the sheet.

5. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 to write the complete data.

Prerequisite: Add all jar files downloaded from Apache POI download site in Java Program’s build path.

Example:

Java

// Java program to write data in excel sheet using java code

import java.io.File;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;

public class WriteDataToExcel {

    // any exceptions need to be caught
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        // workbook object
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // spreadsheet object
        XSSFSheet spreadsheet
            = workbook.createSheet(" Student Data ");

        // creating a row object
        XSSFRow row;

        // This data needs to be written (Object[])
        Map<String, Object[]> studentData
            = new TreeMap<String, Object[]>();

        studentData.put(
            "1",
            new Object[] { "Roll No", "NAME", "Year" });

        studentData.put("2", new Object[] { "128", "Aditya",
                                            "2nd year" });

        studentData.put(
            "3",
            new Object[] { "129", "Narayana", "2nd year" });

        studentData.put("4", new Object[] { "130", "Mohan",
                                            "2nd year" });

        studentData.put("5", new Object[] { "131", "Radha",
                                            "2nd year" });

        studentData.put("6", new Object[] { "132", "Gopal",
                                            "2nd year" });

        Set<String> keyid = studentData.keySet();

        int rowid = 0;

        // writing the data into the sheets...

        for (String key : keyid) {

            row = spreadsheet.createRow(rowid++);
            Object[] objectArr = studentData.get(key);
            int cellid = 0;

            for (Object obj : objectArr) {
                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellid++);
                cell.setCellValue((String)obj);
            }
        }

        // .xlsx is the format for Excel Sheets...
        // writing the workbook into the file...
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(
            new File("C:/savedexcel/GFGsheet.xlsx"));

        workbook.write(out);
        out.close();
    }
}