std::numeric_limits::max() and std::numeric_limits::min() in C++
Last Updated :
01 Feb, 2021
std::numeric_limits::max():
The std::numeric_limits<T>::max() function is used to get the maximum finite value representable by the numeric type T. All arithmetic types are valid for type T.
Header File:
#include<limits>
Template:
static T max() throw();
static constexpr T max() noexcept;
Syntax:
std::numeric_limits<T>::max
Parameter: It receives any one type of data type i.e., T.
Return Type: It returns predefined macros, true or default T() depending on type T. Some standard return values are:
| Type T | std::numeric_limits<T>::max() |
|---|
| /* non-specialized */ | T() |
| bool | TRUE |
| char | CHAR_MAX |
| signed char | SCHAR_MAX |
| unsigned char | UCHAR_MAX |
| wchar_t | WCHAR_MAX |
| short | SHRT_MAX |
| unsigned short | USHRT_MAX |
| int | INT_MAX |
| unsigned int | UINT_MAX |
| long | LONG_MAX |
| unsigned long | ULONG_MAX |
| long long | LLONG_MAX |
| unsigned long long | ULLONG_MAX |
| float | FLT_MAX |
| double | DBL_MAX |
| long double | LDBL_MAX |
Program 1:
Below is the program to illustrate the function std::numeric_limits<T>::max(). The output of the program is system-specific.
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// function numeric_limits<T>::max
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;
// Driver Code
int main()
{
cout << "bool: "
<< numeric_limits<bool>::max()
<< '\n';
// It returns 127 in ASCII value
// to print in integer that can
// be typecast it to int()
cout << "char: "
<< int(numeric_limits<char>::max())
<< '\n';
cout << "unsigned char: "
<< int(numeric_limits<unsigned char>::max())
<< '\n';
cout << "short: "
<< numeric_limits<short>::max()
<< '\n';
cout << "int: " << numeric_limits<int>::max()
<< '\n';
cout << "unsigned int: "
<< numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()
<< '\n';
cout << "long long: "
<< numeric_limits<long long>::max()
<< '\n';
cout << "float: "
<< numeric_limits<float>::max()
<< '\n';
cout << "double: "
<< numeric_limits<double>::max()
<< '\n';
cout << "size_t: "
<< numeric_limits<size_t>::max()
<< '\n';
}
Output:
bool: 1
char: 127
unsigned char: 255
short: 32767
int: 2147483647
unsigned int: 4294967295
long long: 9223372036854775807
float: 3.40282e+38
double: 1.79769e+308
size_t: 18446744073709551615
std::numeric_limits::min():
The std::numeric_limits<T>::min() function is used to get the minimum finite value representable by the numeric type T. All bounded arithmetic types are valid for type T.
Header File:
#include<limits>
Template:
static T min() throw();
static constexpr T min() noexcept;
Syntax:
std::numeric_limits<T>::min
Parameter: It receives any one type of data type i.e., T.
Return Type: It returns predefined macros, true or default T() depending on type T. For floating-point types with denormalization, min returns the minimum positive normalized value. To find the value that has no values less than it for floating data type, use numeric_limits::lowest(). Some standard return values are:
| Type T | std::numeric_limits::min() |
|---|
| /* non-specialized */ | T() |
| bool | FALSE |
| char | CHAR_MIN |
| signed char | SCHAR_MIN |
| unsigned char | ​0​ |
| wchar_t | WCHAR_MIN |
| short | SHRT_MIN |
| unsigned short | 0 |
| int | INT_MIN |
| unsigned int | 0 |
| long | LONG_MIN |
| unsigned long | 0 |
| long long | LLONG_MIN |
| unsigned long long | ​0​ |
| float | FLT_MIN |
| double | DBL_MIN |
| long double | LDBL_MIN |
Program 2:
Below is the program to illustrate the function std::numeric_limits<T>::min(). The output of the program is system-specific.
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// function numeric_limits<T>::min
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;
// Driver Code
int main()
{
cout << "bool: "
<< numeric_limits<bool>::min()
<< '\n';
// numeric_limits<char>:: min()
// returns 127 in ASCII value in
// integer that can be typecast
// to int()
cout << "char: "
<< int(numeric_limits<char>::min())
<< '\n';
cout << "unsigned char: "
<< int(numeric_limits<unsigned char>::min())
<< '\n';
cout << "short: "
<< numeric_limits<short>::min() << '\n';
cout << "int: " << std::numeric_limits<int>::min()
<< '\n';
cout << "unsigned int: "
<< numeric_limits<unsigned int>::min()
<< '\n';
cout << "long long: "
<< numeric_limits<long long>::min()
<< '\n';
cout << "float: "
<< numeric_limits<float>::min()
<< '\n';
cout << "double: "
<< numeric_limits<double>::min()
<< '\n';
cout << "size_t: "
<< numeric_limits<size_t>::min()
<< '\n';
}
Output:
bool: 0
char: -128
unsigned char: 0
short: -32768
int: -2147483648
unsigned int: 0
long long: -9223372036854775808
float: 1.17549e-38
double: 2.22507e-308
size_t: 0
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