Understanding the Frameworks and Drivers layer
Every significant software application must eventually interact with the real world. Databases need querying, files need reading, and users need interfaces. In Clean Architecture, these essential but volatile interactions are managed through the Frameworks and Drivers layer. This layer’s unique position and responsibilities make it both powerful and potentially dangerous to our architectural goals.
Position in Clean Architecture

Figure 7.1: Frameworks and Drivers layer with the primary components
The Frameworks and Drivers layer’s position at the architecture’s edge is no accident; it represents what Clean Architecture calls the details of our system. These details, while essential for a functioning application, should remain disconnected from our core business logic. This separation creates a protective boundary that typically contains changes to just the outer layer. However, when new requirements...