1.
Java is an object-oriented, class-based, concurrent, secured and general-purpose
computer-programming language. It is a widely used robust technology.
What is Java
2. Java is a programming language and a platform.
3. Java is a high level, robust, object-oriented and secure programming language.
Platform: Any hardware or software environment in which a program runs, is known as a
platform. Since Java has a runtime environment (JRE) and API, it is called a platform.
EXAMPLE:
class Simple{
public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println("Hello Java");
}
}
Application
According to Sun, 3 billion devices run Java. There are many devices where Java is currently
used. Some of them are as follows:
1. Desktop Applications such as acrobat reader, media player, antivirus, etc.
2. Web Applications such as irctc.co.in, javatpoint.com, etc.
3. Enterprise Applications such as banking applications.
4. Mobile
5. Embedded System
6. Smart Card
7. Robotics
8. Games, etc.
Types of Java Applications
There are mainly 4 types of applications that can be created using Java programming:
1) Standalone Application
Standalone applications are also known as desktop applications or window-based
applications. These are traditional software that we need to install on every machine.
Examples of standalone application are Media player, antivirus, etc. AWT and Swing are
used in Java for creating standalone applications.
2) Web Application
An application that runs on the server side and creates a dynamic page is called a web
application. Currently, Servlet, JSP, Struts, Spring, Hibernate, JSF, etc. technologies are
used for creating web applications in Java.
3) Enterprise Application
An application that is distributed in nature, such as banking applications, etc. is called
enterprise application. It has advantages of the high-level security, load balancing, and
clustering. In Java, EJB is used for creating enterprise applications.
4) Mobile Application
An application which is created for mobile devices is called a mobile application. Currently,
Android and Java ME are used for creating mobile applications.
Java Platforms / Editions
There are 4 platforms or editions of Java:
1) Java SE (Java Standard Edition)
It is a Java programming platform. It includes Java programming APIs such as java.lang,
java.io, java.net, java.util, java.sql, java.math etc. It includes core topics like OOPs, String,
Regex, Exception, Inner classes, Multithreading, I/O Stream, Networking, AWT, Swing,
Reflection, Collection, etc.
2) Java EE (Java Enterprise Edition)
It is an enterprise platform which is mainly used to develop web and enterprise applications.
It is built on the top of the Java SE platform. It includes topics like Servlet, JSP, Web
Services, EJB, JPA, etc.
3) Java ME (Java Micro Edition)
It is a micro platform which is mainly used to develop mobile applications.
4) JavaFX
It is used to develop rich internet applications. It uses a light-weight user interface API.
HISTORY OF JAVA
The history of Java is very interesting. Java was originally designed for interactive
television, but it was too advanced technology for the digital cable television industry at the
time. The history of java starts with Green Team. Java team members (also known
as Green Team), initiated this project to develop a language for digital devices such as set-
top boxes, televisions, etc. However, it was suited for internet programming. Later, Java
technology was incorporated by Netscape.
The principles for creating Java programming were "Simple, Robust, Portable, Platform-
independent, Secured, High Performance, Multithreaded, Architecture Neutral, Object-
Oriented, Interpreted and Dynamic".
Currently, Java is used in internet programming, mobile devices, games, e-business
solutions, etc. There are given the significant points that describe the history of Java.
