Introduction to Python
1.1 Declaring Variables
var1 = 2
var2 = 5.0 var3 = True
var4 = "Machine Learning"
print("Value of var1 :", var1) print("Value of var2 :", var2) print("Value of var3 :", var3) print("Value of var4 :", var4)
Value of var1 : 2
Value of var2 : 5.0
Value of var3 : True
Value of var4 : Machine Learning
type( var1 )
int
type( var2 )
float
type(var3)
bool
type(var4)
str
1.2 Conditional Statements
# Checking a condition if the variable value is more than 1
if var1 > 1:
print( "Bigger than 1" )
Bigger than 1
x = 10
y = 12
# if x is greater than y
if x > y:
print ("x > y")
# if x is lesser than y
elif x < y:
print ("x < y")
else:
print ("x = y")
x < y
# Initialize x = 5
# Assign True if x is more than 10 or assign False using ternary operator isGreater = True if x > 10 else False
isGreater
False
1.3 Generating Sequence Numbers
# Initializing the sequence of numbers starting from 1 # and ending (not including) with 6
numbers = range( 1, 6 )
numbers
range(1, 6)
range?
1.4 Control Flow Statements
# Iterate through the collection
for i in numbers: print (i)
1
2
3
4
5
# Initialize the value of 1 i = 1
# check the value of i to check if the loop will be continued or not
while i < 5:
print(i)
# Increment the value of i. i = i+1
# print after the value of i print('Done')
1
2
3
4
Done
1.5 Functions
def addElements( a, b ):
return a + b
result = addElements( 2, 3 )
result
result = addElements( 2.3, 4.5 )
result
6.8
result = addElements( "python", "workshop" )
result
'pythonworkshop'
def addElements( a, b = 4 ):
return a + b
addElements( 2 )
addElements( 2, 5 )
7
1.6 Working with Collections
1.6.1.1 List
## Create an empty list emptyList = []
batsmen = ['Rohit', 'Dhawan', 'Kohli', 'Rahane', 'Rayudu', 'Dhoni']
batsmen[0]
'Rohit'
## Slicing an list batsmen[0:2]
['Rohit', 'Dhawan']
## Accessing the last element batsmen[-1]
'Dhoni'
# how many elements in the list len( batsmen )
bowlers = ['Bumrah', 'Shami', 'Bhuvi', 'Kuldeep', 'Chahal']
all_players = batsmen + bowlers
all_players
['Rohit',
'Dhawan',
'Kohli',
'Rahane',
'Rayudu',
'Dhoni',
'Bumrah',
'Shami',
'Bhuvi',
'Kuldeep',
'Chahal']
'Bumrah' in bowlers
True
'Rayudu' in bowlers
False
Finding the index of an item in the list.
all_players.index( 'Dhoni' )
all_players.reverse()
all_players
['Chahal',
'Kuldeep',
'Bhuvi',
'Shami',
'Bumrah',
'Dhoni',
'Rayudu',
'Rahane',
'Kohli',
'Dhawan',
'Rohit']
1.7 Tuples
odiDebut = ( 'Kohli', 2008 )
odiDebut
('Kohli', 2008)
odiDebut[0]
'Kohli'
tup1[1] = 2009
NameError Traceback (most recent cal
l last)
<ipython-input-38-9195c07b537c> in <module>()
----> 1 tup1[1] = 2009
NameError: name 'tup1' is not defined
players = tuple( all_players )
players
('Chahal',
'Kuldeep',
'Bhuvi',
'Shami',
'Bumrah',
'Dhoni',
'Rayudu',
'Rahane',
'Kohli',
'Dhawan',
'Rohit')
1.8 Set
setOfNumbers = {6,1,1,2,4,5}
setOfNumbers
{1, 2, 4, 5, 6}
wc2011 = {"Dhoni", "Sehwag", "Tendulkar", "Gambhir", "Kohli", "Raina", "Yuvraj", "Yusuf"}
wc2015 = {"Dhoni", "Dhawan", "Rohit", "Rahane", "Kohli", "Raina", "Rayudu", "Jad eja"}
wc2011.union( wc2015 )
{'Dhawan',
'Dhoni',
'Gambhir',
'Jadeja',
'Kohli',
'Rahane',
'Raina',
'Rayudu',
'Rohit',
'Sehwag',
'Tendulkar',
'Yusuf',
'Yuvraj'}
wc2011.intersection( wc2015 )
{'Dhoni', 'Kohli', 'Raina'}
wc2015.difference( wc2011 )
{'Dhawan', 'Jadeja', 'Rahane', 'Rayudu', 'Rohit'}
1.9 Dictionary
wcWinners = { 1975: "West Indies",
1979: "West Indies",
1983: "India",
1987: "Australia",
1991: "Pakistan",
1996: "Srilanka",
1999: "Australia",
2003: "Australia",
2007: "Australia",
2011: "India"}
wcWinners[1983]
'India'
wcWinners.values()
dict_values(['Australia', 'Australia', 'Australia', 'Pakistan', 'Wes
t Indies', 'India', 'West Indies', 'Srilanka', 'Australia', 'Indi
a'])
set(wcWinners.values())
{'Australia', 'India', 'Pakistan', 'Srilanka', 'West Indies'}
wcWinners[2015] = 'Australia'
wcWinners
{1975: 'West Indies',
1979: 'West Indies',
1983: 'India',
1987: 'Australia',
1991: 'Pakistan',
1996: 'Srilanka',
1999: 'Australia',
2003: 'Australia',
2007: 'Australia',
2011: 'India',
2015: 'Australia'}
1.10 Dealing with Strings
string0 = 'python'
string1 = "machine learning"
string2 = """This is a multiline string"""
# Converting to upper case string0.upper()
# Similarly string.lower() can be used to convert to lower case. # string0.lower()
'PYTHON'
tokens = string1.split(' ') tokens
['machine', 'learning']
1.11Functional Programming
Example 1: Map
intList = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
# Create an empty list. squareList = []
# Loop through the intList, square every item and append to result list squareLi st.
for x in intList: squareList.append( pow( x, 2 ) )
print( squareList )
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
def square_me( x ):
return x * x
squareList = map( square_me, intList)
list(squareList)
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
squareList = map(lambda x: x*x, intList) list(squareList)
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
1.11.1.1 Example 2: Filter
evenInts = filter( lambda x : x % 2 == 0, intList )
list( evenInts )
[2, 4, 6, 8]
1.12 Modules and Packages
import math
## Taking square root of a value math.sqrt(16)
4.0
8/9
from random import sample
sample( range(0, 11), 3)
[0, 4, 3]
1.13 Other Features
import random
randomList = random.sample( range(0, 100), 20) randomList
[23, 28, 76, 72, 3, 39, 63, 74, 99, 97, 57, 6, 33, 62, 24, 71, 50, 2
7, 22, 30]
from statistics import mean, median
def getMeanAndMedian( listNum ):
return mean(listNum), median(listNum)
mean, median = getMeanAndMedian( randomList )
print( "Mean: ", mean, " Median: ", median)
Mean: 47.8 Median: 44.5
9/9
