MySQL Data Types (Version 8.
0)
In MySQL there are three main data types: string, numeric, and date and
time.
String data types:
Data type Description
CHAR(size) A FIXED length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special
characters). The size parameter specifies the column length in
characters - can be from 0 to 255. Default is 1
VARCHAR(size) A VARIABLE length string (can contain letters, numbers, and
special characters). The size parameter specifies the maximum
column length in characters - can be from 0 to 65535
BINARY(size) Equal to CHAR(), but stores binary byte strings.
The size parameter specifies the column length in bytes. Default is
1
VARBINARY(size) Equal to VARCHAR(), but stores binary byte strings.
The size parameter specifies the maximum column length in bytes.
TINYBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Max length: 255 bytes
TINYTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 255 characters
TEXT(size) Holds a string with a maximum length of 65,535 bytes
BLOB(size) For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Holds up to 65,535 bytes of
data
MEDIUMTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 16,777,215 characters
MEDIUMBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Holds up to 16,777,215 bytes
of data
LONGTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 4,294,967,295 characters
LONGBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Holds up to 4,294,967,295
bytes of data
ENUM(val1, val2, val3, ...) A string object that can have only one value, chosen from a list of
possible values. You can list up to 65535 values in an ENUM list.
If a value is inserted that is not in the list, a blank value will be
inserted. The values are sorted in the order you enter them
SET(val1, val2, val3, ...) A string object that can have 0 or more values, chosen from a list
of possible values. You can list up to 64 values in a SET list
Numeric data types:
Data type Description
BIT(size) A bit-value type. The number of bits per value is specified
in size. The size parameter can hold a value from 1 to 64. The
default value for sizeis 1.
TINYINT(size) A very small integer. Signed range is from -128 to 127.
Unsigned range is from 0 to 255. The size parameter specifies
the maximum display width (which is 255)
BOOL Zero is considered as false, nonzero values are considered as
true.
BOOLEAN Equal to BOOL
SMALLINT(size) A small integer. Signed range is from -32768 to 32767.
Unsigned range is from 0 to 65535. The size parameter specifies
the maximum display width (which is 255)
MEDIUMINT(size) A medium integer. Signed range is from -8388608 to 8388607.
Unsigned range is from 0 to 16777215. The size parameter
specifies the maximum display width (which is 255)
INT(size) A medium integer. Signed range is from -2147483648 to
2147483647. Unsigned range is from 0 to 4294967295.
The size parameter specifies the maximum display width (which
is 255)
INTEGER(size) Equal to INT(size)
BIGINT(size) A large integer. Signed range is from -9223372036854775808
to 9223372036854775807. Unsigned range is from 0 to
18446744073709551615. The size parameter specifies the
maximum display width (which is 255)
FLOAT(size, d) A floating point number. The total number of digits is specified
in size. The number of digits after the decimal point is specified
in the dparameter. This syntax is deprecated in MySQL 8.0.17,
and it will be removed in future MySQL versions
FLOAT(p) A floating point number. MySQL uses the p value to determine
whether to use FLOAT or DOUBLE for the resulting data type.
If p is from 0 to 24, the data type becomes FLOAT(). If p is
from 25 to 53, the data type becomes DOUBLE()
DOUBLE(size, d) A normal-size floating point number. The total number of digits
is specified in size. The number of digits after the decimal point
is specified in the d parameter
DOUBLE
PRECISION(size, d)
DECIMAL(size, d) An exact fixed-point number. The total number of digits is
specified in size. The number of digits after the decimal point is
specified in the dparameter. The maximum number for size is
65. The maximum number for d is 30. The default value
for size is 10. The default value for d is 0.
DEC(size, d) Equal to DECIMAL(size,d)
Note: All the numeric data types may have an extra option: UNSIGNED or
ZEROFILL. If you add the UNSIGNED option, MySQL disallows negative
values for the column. If you add the ZEROFILL option, MySQL automatically
also adds the UNSIGNED attribute to the column.
Date and Time data types:
Data type Description
DATE A date. Format: YYYY-MM-DD. The supported range is
from '1000-01-01' to '9999-12-31'
DATETIME(fsp) A date and time combination. Format: YYYY-MM-DD
hh:mm:ss. The supported range is from '1000-01-01
00:00:00' to '9999-12-31 23:59:59'. Adding DEFAULT
and ON UPDATE in the column definition to get
automatic initialization and updating to the current
date and time
TIMESTAMP(fsp) A timestamp. TIMESTAMP values are stored as the
number of seconds since the Unix epoch ('1970-01-01
00:00:00' UTC). Format: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss. The
supported range is from '1970-01-01 00:00:01' UTC to
'2038-01-09 03:14:07' UTC. Automatic initialization
and updating to the current date and time can be
specified using DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP and
ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP in the column
definition
TIME(fsp) A time. Format: hh:mm:ss. The supported range is
from '-838:59:59' to '838:59:59'
YEAR A year in four-digit format. Values allowed in four-digit
format: 1901 to 2155, and 0000.
MySQL 8.0 does not support year in two-digit format.
