JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language that conforms to the
ECMAScript specification. Java is a high level programming language, while
JavaScript is a scripting language developed independently from Java and used by
web authors to design interactive sites. It has curly-bracket syntax, dynamic
typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions. Alongside
HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web.
Over 97% of websites use it client-side for web page behavior, often incorporating
third-party libraries. Most web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to
execute the code on the user's device. As a multi-paradigm language, JavaScript
supports event-driven, functional, and imperative programming styles. It has
application programming interfaces (APIs) for working with text, dates, regular
expressions, standard data structures, and the Document Object Model (DOM). The
ECMAScript standard does not include any input/output, such as networking, storage,
or graphics facilities. In practice, the web browser or other runtime system
provides JavaScript APIs for input/output. JavaScript engines were originally used
only in web browsers, but they are now core components of other software systems,
most notably servers and a variety of applications.
