14/10/2024, 17:59 Tutorial: Java Documentation - Basics | CodeHS
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Java Tutorial
Java Documentation - Basics
By Zach Galant
Co-Founder of CodeHS
Printing to the console
Given a string str you can print to the console using System.out.println or
System.out.print
// Prints a line and ends with a new line
System.out.println(str);
// Prints a line but doesn't end the line. the next call to print or println will continue o
System.out.print(str);
Variables
You can create an integer variable with the keyword int like so
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// Creates a variable with no value yet
int myVariable;
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// Creates a variable with a value
int myOtherVariable = 5;
Methods
Methods can take in values, called parameters.
The method below takes in a parameter called input and prints it.
private void printText(String input)
{
System.out.println(input);
}
Methods can also return a value.
The method below takes in a value, adds two to it, and returns it.
private int addTwo(int number)
{
return number + 2;
}
User Input
You can collect user input in programs with a Scanner
Initializing a Scanner
import java.util.Scanner;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
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Read a string
String str = scanner.nextLine();
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Read an integer
int num = scanner.nextInt();
Read a double
double myDouble = scanner.nextDouble();
Read a boolean
boolean bool = scanner.nextBoolean();
Comparison Operators
Comparison operators return booleans (true/false values)
x == y // is x equal to y
x != y // is x not equal to y
x > y // is x greater than y
x >= y // is x greater than or equal to y
x < y // is x less than y
x <= y // is x less than or equal to y
Comparison operators in if statements
if (x == y)
{
System.out.println("x and y are equal");
}
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if (x > 5)
{
System.out.println("x is greater than 5.");
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}
Math
Operators
+ // Addition
- // Subtraction
* // Multiplication
/ // Division
% // Modulus (Remainder)
() // Parentheses (For order of operations)
Examples
int z = x + y;
int w = x * y;
Increment (add one)
x++
Decrement (subtract one)
x--
Shortcuts
x = x + y; x += y;
x = x - y; x -= y;
x = x * y; x *= y;
x = x / y; x /= y;
RELATED TUTORIALS
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