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Understanding Variable Scope in Python

The document explains variable scope in Python, defining it as the region where a variable is recognized and accessed. It outlines four types of scope: Local, Global, Enclosing (Nonlocal), and Built-in, along with the LEGB rule that dictates the order of variable resolution. Additionally, it discusses the use of global and nonlocal keywords, common errors, and best practices for managing variable scope.

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16 views2 pages

Understanding Variable Scope in Python

The document explains variable scope in Python, defining it as the region where a variable is recognized and accessed. It outlines four types of scope: Local, Global, Enclosing (Nonlocal), and Built-in, along with the LEGB rule that dictates the order of variable resolution. Additionally, it discusses the use of global and nonlocal keywords, common errors, and best practices for managing variable scope.

Uploaded by

pakyadabbu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding Variable Scope in Python

========================================

Introduction
------------
- Greet audience and introduce yourself.
- Briefly explain what variables are in Python.
- Hook: Ask - 'Have you ever gotten a "variable not defined" error and didn't know
why?'

What is Scope?
--------------
- Definition: The region of a program where a variable is recognized.
- Explain why scope matters — it affects how/where variables can be accessed or
modified.

Types of Variable Scope in Python


---------------------------------
- A. Local Scope
- Defined inside a function.
- Accessible only within that function.
Example:
def my_func():
x = 10
print(x)
- B. Global Scope
- Defined outside all functions.
- Accessible everywhere in the file.
Example:
x = 10
def my_func():
print(x)
- C. Enclosing Scope (Nonlocal)
- Variable in outer function, used in nested function.
Example:
def outer():
x = 'Python'
def inner():
print(x)
inner()
- D. Built-in Scope
- Names preassigned in Python (like len, print, etc.)

The LEGB Rule


-------------
- Order Python searches for variables: Local -> Enclosing -> Global -> Built-in.
- Give a quick example that walks through this hierarchy.

Global and Nonlocal Keywords


----------------------------
- global - Allows modifying a global variable inside a function.
Example:
x = 5
def change():
global x
x = 10
- nonlocal - Used in nested functions to modify a variable in an outer (non-global)
scope.
Example:
def outer():
x = 'Python'
def inner():
nonlocal x
x = 'Java'

Common Errors & Best Practices


------------------------------
- Variable shadowing.
- Avoid excessive use of global.
- Prefer function parameters and return values over global changes.

Conclusion & Q&A


----------------
- Recap: Scope determines variable visibility.
- LEGB rule is key.
- Invite questions.

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