Scribd
Upload
27 views3 pages

Python Random Module Guide

The Python `random` module provides various functions for generating random numbers and performing random operations, including generating floats, integers, and selecting random elements from sequences. Key functions include `random.random()`, `random.uniform()`, `random.randint()`, and `random.choice()`, among others. The module also allows for reproducibility through `random.seed()` and state management with `random.getstate()` and `random.setstate()`.

Uploaded by

drdeath0002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
27 views3 pages

Python Random Module Guide

The Python `random` module provides various functions for generating random numbers and performing random operations, including generating floats, integers, and selecting random elements from sequences. Key functions include `random.random()`, `random.uniform()`, `random.randint()`, and `random.choice()`, among others. The module also allows for reproducibility through `random.seed()` and state management with `random.getstate()` and `random.setstate()`.

Uploaded by

drdeath0002
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Complete Guide to Python's random Module

Python random Module - Full Reference

The `random` module in Python provides functions for generating random numbers and performing random

operations.

1. random.random()

Generates a float from 0.0 (inclusive) to 1.0 (exclusive).

Example:

import random

print(random.random()) # Output: 0.3747...

2. random.uniform(a, b)

Returns a random float between a and b.

Example:

print(random.uniform(1.5, 4.5)) # Output: 3.278...

3. random.randint(a, b)

Returns a random integer N such that a <= N <= b.

Example:

print(random.randint(1, 10)) # Output: 7

4. random.randrange(start, stop, step)

Returns a randomly selected element from range(start, stop, step).

Example:

print(random.randrange(1, 10, 2)) # Output: 3

5. random.choice(sequence)

Returns a random element from a non-empty sequence.

Example:

items = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']

print(random.choice(items)) # Output: banana


Complete Guide to Python's random Module

6. random.choices(population, weights=None, k=1)

Returns a list with k selections (with replacement) from population.

Example:

print(random.choices([1, 2, 3], k=5)) # Output: [2, 3, 2, 1, 1]

7. random.sample(population, k)

Returns k unique elements from the population.

Example:

print(random.sample(range(1, 30), 5)) # Output: [5, 1, 12, 18, 7]

8. random.shuffle(x)

Shuffles the sequence in place.

Example:

x = [1, 2, 3, 4]

random.shuffle(x)

print(x) # Output: [4, 1, 2, 3]

9. random.seed(a=None)

Initializes the random number generator. Use this to reproduce results.

Example:

random.seed(42)

print(random.random()) # Same result every time with same seed

10. random.getstate() and random.setstate()

Used to capture and restore the internal state of the generator.

Example:

state = random.getstate()

print(random.random())

random.setstate(state)

print(random.random()) # Same as the previous value


Complete Guide to Python's random Module

Usage Note:

- Use `random.seed()` for reproducible results, especially in testing or tutorials.

- Use `random.sample()` if you need unique values, otherwise use `random.choices()` for random selections

with replacement.

You might also like