Radar Using Arduino

Department of Computer Science
Engineering
Guided by
Mr.Abhishek Singh
Assistant Professor
EE Department
Submitted by
Mohit Jain
Rashi Jain
Mansi Sharma
Yash Khandelwal
Priyanshu Kansal
Coordinated by
Mr. Amit Kumar Singh
H.O.D.
Department of Electrical Engineering

Project Title:
Construction of Radar
Using Arduino

CONTENT
 Introduction
 Literature Review Summary
 Components Required
1- Arduino UNO Board
2- Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
3- Servo Motor (SG-90)
 Working & Circuit Diagram
 Objective
 Applications
 Conclusion & Expected Outcome
 Future Scope
 References

Introduction
Design a simple Radar application using Arduino and processing IDE software. This Arduino
radar is implemented with the help of processing application.
Radar is a long-range object detection system that uses radio waves to establish certain
parameters of an object such like its range, speed and position.
The project is based on the Sonar technology and will be using an ultrasonic sensor to
determine the presence of any object in a particular range.

S. No. Paper & Publication Author Content
1. Arduino Based Radar
System
Anuj Dutt, 2014 Basic Introduction of
Radar and Components
requirement
2. Ultrasonic Radar Nithya V, Robin Alias,
Shreepriya N.S, Vivek
Joseph, Yathukrishna K.T.
Practical Implementation
and Experimental Results
of Ultrasonic Radar
3. Implementation of Radar
using Ultrasonic Sensor
and Arduino
Srijan Dubey, Supragya
Tiwari, Sumit Roy
Study of Implementation
and collecting outputs of
Radar using Arduino
Literature Review Summary

Components Required
Some Hardware and some Software are used in constructing the Radar. List of
Hardware and software used are as follows-
 Hardware-
1- Computer for writing the programming codes
2- Arduino UNO Board
3- Bluetooth Cable (connecting Arduino with Computer)
4- Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
5- Servo Motor (SG90)
6- Connecting & jump wires
7- Breadboard
 Software-
1- Arduino IDE
2- Processing IDE / MATLAB

Arduino UNO Board
The Arduino UNO board is a microcontroller based on the AT mega328. It has 14 digital Input / Output pins in
which 6 can be used as PWM outputs, a 16 MHZ ceramic resonator, an ICSP header, a USB connection, 6
analog inputs, a power jack and a reset button. This contains all the required support needed for
microcontroller.
Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often
referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that
runs on our computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.

Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor uses sonar to determine distance to an object like bats or dolphins do. It
offers excellent non-contact range detection with high accuracy and stable readings in an easy-to-use
package. From 2cm to 400 cm or 1" to 13 feet.
It emits an ultrasound at 40 000 Hz which travels through the air and if there is an object or obstacle on
its path It will bounce back to the module. Considering the travel time and the speed of the sound you can
calculate the distance. The HC-SR04 Ultrasonic module has 4 pins, Ground, VCC, Trig and Echo.

Servo Motor (SG-90)
servo motors can rotate from 0° to 180° due to their gear arrangement. The gears in the motors are easily
subjected to wear and tear, so if our application requires stronger and long running motors we can go with
metal gears or just stick with normal plastic gear.
the most important parameter, which is the torque at which the motor operates. Tower Pro SG-90 motor
provides the Torque of 2.5 Kg/cm. There are three wires in the servo motor. Red one indicates the +5V,
Brown indicates grounding and Orange wire shows the PWM.

Working & Circuit Diagram
Initially code should be upload to the Arduino after making the connection. We can observe the servo motor
sweeping from 0o to 1800 and again back to 0o.
Since the ultrasonic sensor is mounted over the servo motor so it will also
participate in the sweeping action. The graphical representation of the data from the ultrasonic sensor in a
radar type display. If the ultrasonic sensor detects any object within its range the graphical representation will
be shown on the screen.

Objective
The objective of the project is to detect the obstacle using
Ultrasonic Sensor, Arduino UNO board and MATLAB or
Processing coding as a platform to display the results.
 To prevent or reduce the accidents and useful for security and
protection.
 Detection of objects come in the range of 2 to 3 meters and give
signal to the observer about the object.

Applications
 In underwater networks.
 In driverless vehicle system.
 In speed detection of mobile objects.
 In various military operations such as to guide automatic weapons.
 Important part of the air defense system, operation of offensive missiles and other weapons.
 For navigation, ship security, remote sensing, space (satellites).
 Detect and tracks the target, even control the weapon.

Conclusion & Expected Outcome
 Radar is used to find velocity, long-range and position of the
object. Advantage of RADAR is that it provide superior
penetration capability through any type of weather condition.
 Range of the object detection for the current project is between
2 to 3 meters.
 To increase the range of object detection, Radar can be made
more improved which is known as “Lidar”. Lidar is advanced
type of Radar which uses visible light from laser.

Future Scope
Future scope of Radar is a new and advanced technology “Lidar”. Lidar which stands
for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing method that uses light in the
form of pulsed laser to measure ranges (variable distances) to the Earth. LIDAR
technology is used to create 3D image of the object that is in distance (3D gated
viewing laser radar).

References
https://howtomechatronics.com/projects/arduino-radar-project.
https://electronicsforu.com/videos-slideshows/videos/constructing-radar-Arduino.
Http://radartutorial.en (intro, Principle of operation)
Http://microcontrollerslab.com/servo-motor-control-and-interfacing-with-Arduino.
Translation Bureau (2013). "Radar definition". Public Works and Government Services
Canada. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
McGraw-Hill dictionary of scientific and technical terms / Daniel N. Lapedes, editor in
chief. Lapedes, Daniel N. New York ; Montreal : McGraw-Hill, 1976. [xv], 1634, A26 p.
“Crashless car: Making driving safer” https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/crash
less-cars by Steven Asley Retrieved March 19, 2017.

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