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Functions And Types of
user defined functions
in MATLAB
K.RAMYA SREE
18BF1A0485
Introduction and why to use functions.
 Function  set of statements that performs specific task.(it can accept
multiple input arguments and give more than one output argument.)
 Need to use functions:
 Functions provide reusable code.
 We use same code in more than one place without rewriting the program.
 Reuse code by calling in different programs.
 Types of functions:
functions in
MATLAB
Built in
functions
User defined
functions.
User defined functions.
 Before we start:
 Identify the function
 Decide the name of the function
 Decide the input variables of the function.
 Decide the output variables of the
function.
 File name must be function name.
Functions with variations in outputs
How to call user-defined functions
Types of user defined functions
 Let’s see the few more ways of defining a function
as per the user needs.
• Anonymous Functions
• Sub Functions
• Nested Functions
• Private Functions
Anonymous Functions
It is an inline function with one output variable.
A user can’t access/call an anonymous function from outside
the file.
 User can define an anonymous function in the command
prompt or within a script or function file.
 They can contain only a single executable statement.
 Syntax: output = @(arguments) expression
 Parameters:
output = output to be returned
arguments = required inputs to be passed
expression = a single formula/logic
The inline command lets you
create a function of any
number of variables by giving
a string containing
the function followed by a
series of strings denoting the
order of the input variables.
sqr = @(x) x.^2;
a = sqr(5)
a=25
 Sub Functions/local functions
 In a function file, the first function in the file is called the main function(primary
function). This function is visible to functions in other files, or you can call it from
the command line.
 Additional functions within the file are called local functions, and they can occur in
any order after the main function. Local functions are only visible to other functions
in the same file.They are equivalent to subroutines in other programming
languages, and are sometimes called subfunctions.cannot be accesed from
command line
 Syntax:
function output = mainFunction(x)
. . . . . .
subFunction(y)
. . . . . .
end
function result = subFunction(y)
. . . . . .
end
 Nested Functions
 Unlike Sub functions, Nested functions are defined inside the primary functions.
 The scope of a nested function is within the file. One can’t access the nested
function from outside the file.
Private
Functions
 The name itself
suggests that these
functions are private
and will only be visible
to limited
functions/files.
 These functions files
are stored in a
separate subfolder
named private.
 Generally, we can’t
access files that are not
in the current
path/folder. But this
works for private
functions. These
functions reside in
subfolder and
accessible to the
parent folder and
private folder itself
 Private functions are useful
when you want to limit the
scope of a function.
Subtractor(x,y)
In the above case, you can observe the error when we try to access private
functions from the location other than the parent folder.
 The program compiled successfully and gave the output when we tried to access
the private function from adder function which is stored in the parent folder. One
must check the current file path while working on private functions.
Functions and types of user defined functions in
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Functions and types of user defined functions in

  • 1. Functions And Types of user defined functions in MATLAB K.RAMYA SREE 18BF1A0485
  • 2. Introduction and why to use functions.  Function  set of statements that performs specific task.(it can accept multiple input arguments and give more than one output argument.)  Need to use functions:  Functions provide reusable code.  We use same code in more than one place without rewriting the program.  Reuse code by calling in different programs.  Types of functions: functions in MATLAB Built in functions User defined functions.
  • 3. User defined functions.  Before we start:  Identify the function  Decide the name of the function  Decide the input variables of the function.  Decide the output variables of the function.  File name must be function name.
  • 5. How to call user-defined functions
  • 6. Types of user defined functions  Let’s see the few more ways of defining a function as per the user needs. • Anonymous Functions • Sub Functions • Nested Functions • Private Functions
  • 7. Anonymous Functions It is an inline function with one output variable. A user can’t access/call an anonymous function from outside the file.  User can define an anonymous function in the command prompt or within a script or function file.  They can contain only a single executable statement.  Syntax: output = @(arguments) expression  Parameters: output = output to be returned arguments = required inputs to be passed expression = a single formula/logic The inline command lets you create a function of any number of variables by giving a string containing the function followed by a series of strings denoting the order of the input variables. sqr = @(x) x.^2; a = sqr(5) a=25
  • 8.  Sub Functions/local functions  In a function file, the first function in the file is called the main function(primary function). This function is visible to functions in other files, or you can call it from the command line.  Additional functions within the file are called local functions, and they can occur in any order after the main function. Local functions are only visible to other functions in the same file.They are equivalent to subroutines in other programming languages, and are sometimes called subfunctions.cannot be accesed from command line  Syntax: function output = mainFunction(x) . . . . . . subFunction(y) . . . . . . end function result = subFunction(y) . . . . . . end
  • 9.  Nested Functions  Unlike Sub functions, Nested functions are defined inside the primary functions.  The scope of a nested function is within the file. One can’t access the nested function from outside the file.
  • 10. Private Functions  The name itself suggests that these functions are private and will only be visible to limited functions/files.  These functions files are stored in a separate subfolder named private.  Generally, we can’t access files that are not in the current path/folder. But this works for private functions. These functions reside in subfolder and accessible to the parent folder and private folder itself  Private functions are useful when you want to limit the scope of a function.
  • 12. In the above case, you can observe the error when we try to access private functions from the location other than the parent folder.
  • 13.  The program compiled successfully and gave the output when we tried to access the private function from adder function which is stored in the parent folder. One must check the current file path while working on private functions.