JDBC Tutorial

JDBC Tutorial MIE456 - Information Systems Infrastructure II Vinod Muthusamy November 4, 2004

Milestone 2 overview RMI ApptController interface given Write ApptControllerServer (implement ApptController) Write ApptControllerClient JDBC Write ApptRepositoryDB (extend ApptRepository) Must translate all calls to SQL statements GUI Server Database RMI JDBC

Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) An interface to communicate with a relational database Allows database agnostic Java code Treat database tables/rows/columns as Java objects JDBC driver An implementation of the JDBC interface Communicates with a particular database Database Database JDBC driver Java app Database JDBC calls Database commands JDBC driver JDBC driver

Eclipse JDBC setup Install driver Download MySQL JDBC driver from assignment Web page Unzip mysql-connector-xxx.jar Add mysql-connector-xxx.jar to Eclipse project Project  Properties  Java Build Path  Libraries  Add External JARs

JDBC steps Connect to database Query database (or insert/update/delete) Process results Close connection to database

1. Connect to database Load JDBC driver Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); Make connection Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url); URL Format: “jdbc:< subprotocol >:< subname >” jdbc:mysql://128.100.53.33/GROUPNUMBER?user=USER&password=PASSWORD

2. Query database Create statement Statement stmt = conn.createStatement(); stmt object sends SQL commands to database Methods executeQuery() for SELECT statements executeUpdate() for INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, statements Send SQL statements stmt.executeQuery(“SELECT …”); stmt.executeUpdate(“INSERT …”);

3. Process results Result of a SELECT statement (rows/columns) returned as a ResultSet object ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users"); Step through each row in the result rs.next() Get column values in a row String userid = rs.getString(“userid”); int type = rs.getInt(“type”); users table userid firstname lastname password type Bob Bob King cat 0 John John Smith pass 1

Print the users table ResultSet rs = stmt. executeQuery ("SELECT * FROM users"); while ( rs.next ()) { String userid = rs.getString(1); String firstname = rs.getString(“firstname”); String lastname = rs.getString(“lastname”); String password = rs.getString(4); int type = rs.getInt(“type”); System.out.println(userid + ” ” + firstname + ” ” + lastname + ” ” + password + ” ” + type); } users table userid firstname lastname password type Bob Bob King cat 0 John John Smith pass 1

Add a row to the users table String str = "INSERT INTO users VALUES('Bob', 'Bob', 'King', 'cat', 0)”; // Returns number of rows in table int rows = stmt.executeUpdate(str); users table userid firstname lastname password type Bob Bob King cat 0

4. Close connection to database Close the ResultSet object rs.close(); Close the Statement object stmt.close(); Close the connection conn.close();

import java.sql.*; public class Tester { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // Load JDBC driver Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); // Make connection String url = “jdbc:mysql://128.100.53.33/GRP?user=USER&password=PASS” Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url); // Create statement Statement stmt = conn.createStatement(); // Print the users table ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users"); while (rs.next()) { ... } // Cleanup rs.close(); stmt.close(); conn.close(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("exception " + e); } }

Transactions Currently every executeUpdate() is “finalized” right away Sometimes want to a set of updates to all fail or all succeed E.g. add to Appointments and Bookings tables Treat both inserts as one transaction Transaction Used to group several SQL statements together Either all succeed or all fail

Transactions Commit Execute all statements as one unit “ Finalize” updates Rollback Abort transaction All uncommited statements are discarded Revert database to original state

Transactions in JDBC Disable auto-commit for the connection conn.setAutoCommit(false); Call necessary executeUpdate() statements Commit or rollback conn.commit(); conn.rollback();

References JDBC API Documentation http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/guide/jdbc/index.html Note: this is a newer JDBC API, but should be mostly compatible Some slide content borrowed from http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/index.html http://otn.oracle.co.kr/admin/seminar/data/otn-jdbc.ppt http://notes.corewebprogramming.com/student/JDBC.pdf

JDBC Tutorial

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JDBC Tutorial