Cloud Computing & Distributed Computing
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The document outlines the fundamentals of cloud and distributed computing, highlighting their architectures, applications, and historical development. It emphasizes the advantages of distributed systems, such as resource sharing and fault tolerance, while also noting the challenges, including complexity and security concerns. Additionally, it provides examples of applications in various fields and describes collaborations in research and teaching undertaken by Dr. Kamal Gulati.
![Dr. Kamal Gulati
Associate Professor |
University Quality Support Head |
Mentoring Programme Coordinator
[Ph. D., M.Sc. (Computer Science), M.C.A., M.B.A]
Professional Certifications:
• Certified Microsoft Innovative Educator
• Data Science 101 Certification from Big Data University
• R Language 101 Certification from Big Data University
• SQL Certification from SOLOLEARN.com
• Certified IBM Big Data 101 from Big Data University
• R Program & Python Certified from DataCamp
• Wiley Certified Big Data Analyst [WCBDA]
• Certification on DBMS from IIT Mumbai
• Certified Cisco Certified Network Associate [CCNA]
• Certified Microsoft Certified Professional [MCP]
• Certified Brainbench in Computer Fundamentals, Microsoft Access, MySQL 5.7 Administration &
Microsoft Project](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cloudcomputingdistributedcomputing-171208050503/85/Cloud-Computing-Distributed-Computing-28-320.jpg)
Cloud Computing & Distributed Computing
- 1. Cloud Computing & Distributed Computing Dr. Kamal Gulati
- 2. Cloud Computing • Cloud is a type of Parallel and Distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualized computers • These are dynamically provisioned on demand and accessible through Web 2.0 technologies. • The idea is to scale the application by deploying it on a grid of commodity hardware boxes
- 5. Cloud Computing Services / Layers
- 6. • Cloud computing consists of utilizing parallel and distributed system consisting of interconnected and virtualized computers
- 7. The Cloud OS
- 8. Future of Emerging Trends
- 9. Distributed Computing • “A Distributed system consists of multiple autonomous computers that communicate through a computer network. • “Distributed computing utilizes a network of many computers, each accomplishing a portion of an overall task, to achieve a computational result much more quickly than with a single computer.” • “Distributed computing is any computing that involves multiple computers remote from each other that each have a role in a computation problem or information processing.”
- 10. • A distributed system is one in which hardware or software components located at networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions only by message passing. • In the term distributed computing, the word distributed means spread out across space. Thus, distributed computing is an activity performed on a spatially distributed system. • These networked computers may be in the same room, same campus, same country, or in different continents
- 12. History • 1975 – 1985 – Parallel computing was favored in the early years – Primarily vector-based at first – Gradually more thread-based parallelism was introduced – The first distributed computing programs were a pair of programs called Creeper and Reaper invented in 1970s – Ethernet that was invented in 1970s. – ARPANET e-mail was invented in the early 1970s and probably the earliest example of a large-scale distributed application.
- 13. History • 1985 -1995 – Massively parallel architectures start rising and message passing interface and other libraries developed – Bandwidth was a big problem – The first Internet-based distributed computing project was started in 1988 by the DEC System Research Center. – Distributed.net was a project founded in 1997 - considered the first to use the internet to distribute data for calculation and collect the results
- 14. History • 1995 – Today – Cluster/grid architecture increasingly dominant – Special node machines eschewed in favor of COTS technologies – Web-wide cluster software – Google take this to the extreme (thousands of nodes/cluster) – SETI@Home started in May 1999 - analyze the radio signals that were being collected by the Arecibo Radio Telescope in Puerto Rico.
- 15. Goal • Making Resources Accessible – Data sharing and device sharing • Distribution Transparency – Access, location, migration, relocation, replication, concurrency, failure • Communication – Make human-to-human comm. easier. E.g.. : electronic mail • Flexibility – Spread the work load over the available machines in the most cost effective way • To coordinate the use of shared resources • To solve large computational problem
- 16. Characteristics • Resource Sharing • Openness • Concurrency • Scalability • Fault Tolerance • Transparency
- 17. Architecture • Client-server • 3-tier architecture • N-tier architecture • loose coupling, or tight coupling • Peer-to-peer • Space based
- 18. Application • Examples of commercial application : – Database Management System – Distributed computing using mobile agents – Local intranet – Internet (World Wide Web) – JAVA Remote Method Invocation (RMI)
- 19. Distributed Computing Using Mobile Agents • Mobile agents can be wandering around in a network using free resources for their own computations.
- 20. Local Intranet • A portion of Internet that is separately administered & supports internal sharing of resources (file/storage systems and printers) is called local intranet.
- 21. Internet • The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standardized Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP).
- 22. Categories of Applications in distributed computing • Science • Life Sciences • Cryptography • Internet • Financial • Mathematics • Language • Art • Puzzles/Games • Miscellaneous • Distributed Human Project • Collaborative Knowledge Bases • Charity
- 23. Example of applications • Internet – Gomez Distributed PEER Client (peerReview) – Evaluate the performance of large websites to find bottlenecks. • Life Sciences - Compute Against Cancer® (CAC) – Create immediate impact in the lives of cancer patients and their families today, while at the same time empowering the research that will result in improved therapies — and perhaps even the cure.
- 24. Example of applications Collaborative Knowledge Bases – Wikipedia A collaborative project to produce a complete a free encyclopedia from scratch. The encyclopedia is available in many non-English languages. Distributed Human Projects- Open Mind Indoor Common Sense Help teach indoor mobile robots to be smarter. It will create a repository of knowledge which will enable people to create more intelligent mobile robots for use in home and office environments.
- 25. Advantages • Economics:- – Computers harnessed together give a better price/performance ratio than mainframes. • Speed:- – A distributed system may have more total computing power than a mainframe. • Inherent distribution of applications:- – Some applications are inherently distributed. E.g., an ATM-banking application. • Reliability:- – If one machine crashes, the system as a whole can still survive if you have multiple server machines and multiple storage devices (redundancy). • Extensibility and Incremental Growth:- – Possible to gradually scale up (in terms of processing power and functionality) by adding more sources (both hardware and software). This can be done without disruption to the rest of the system.
- 26. Disadvantages • Complexity :- – Lack of experience in designing, and implementing a distributed system. E.g. which platform (hardware and OS) to use, which language to use etc. • Network problem:- – If the network underlying a distributed system saturates or goes down, then the distributed system will be effectively disabled thus negating most of the advantages of the distributed system. • Security:- – Security is a major hazard since easy access to data means easy access to secret data as well.
- 27. Conclusion • The concept of distributed computing is the most efficient way to achieve the optimization. • Distributed computing is anywhere : intranet, Internet or mobile ubiquitous computing (laptop, PDAs, pagers, smart watches, hi-fi systems) • It deals with hardware and software systems, that contain more than one processing / storage and run in concurrently. • Main motivation factor is resource sharing; such as files , printers, web pages or database records. • Grid computing and cloud computing are form of distributed computing.
- 28. Dr. Kamal Gulati Associate Professor | University Quality Support Head | Mentoring Programme Coordinator [Ph. D., M.Sc. (Computer Science), M.C.A., M.B.A] Professional Certifications: • Certified Microsoft Innovative Educator • Data Science 101 Certification from Big Data University • R Language 101 Certification from Big Data University • SQL Certification from SOLOLEARN.com • Certified IBM Big Data 101 from Big Data University • R Program & Python Certified from DataCamp • Wiley Certified Big Data Analyst [WCBDA] • Certification on DBMS from IIT Mumbai • Certified Cisco Certified Network Associate [CCNA] • Certified Microsoft Certified Professional [MCP] • Certified Brainbench in Computer Fundamentals, Microsoft Access, MySQL 5.7 Administration & Microsoft Project
- 29. • Worked as Visiting Professor with Stratford University, USA for six months from Jan’2016 to June’2016. • Also worked at Bahrain University in Kingdom of Bahrain Sr. I.T. Faculty (Computer Science Department) for Period of 2 Years. • Have rich experience in the field of teaching and research in Computer Science and Information Technology for almost 15+ years in Academia. • Having experience of working with both private and public institutions and universities as the lecturer and self-instruction material writer for Information Technology courses. • Had number of research papers published in national and international journals and conference proceedings in IEEE and Scopus Index. • Also chaired various National and International Conferences of repute and associated with various International Journals as Editorial Board Member for International and National, Academic Adviser and Research Paper Reviewer. • My current area of interest: Big Data Analytics, R Software, Management Information System, IT Project Management, Decision Support System, Business Analytics, Database Management System, Data Networking and Advanced Excel with Visual Basic Macros. • Country Visited: USA, Canada, UK, UAE, Bahrain, Oman (Mostly for Teaching and Research Purpose) Profile of Dr. Kamal Gulati
- 30. • Technical Program Committee for International Conference on Data, Engineering and Applications 2017 (IDEA-2k17) which would be on October 28-29, 2017 at Bhopal. http://www.ideaconference.in • Advisory Board Committee Member for International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS) which would be on 1-2 August 2017 at SKR Engineering College, Poonamallee, Tamil Nadu, India. http://ecds.org.in • Advisory Committee Member for International Conference on Innovative Research in Engineering and Science which would be on 16-17 June 2017 at Asian Institute of Technology Conference Center Thailand. http://www.iresconf.org • Advisory Committee Member for International Conference on Cloud Computing and Internet of everything which held on 10-11 Feb’2016 at Delhi-NCR. http://www.ccioet.org • Technical Committee member for InCITe-2016 (International Conference on Information Technology) Theme - Internet of Things: Connect Your Worlds, IT Summit, Amity University 2016 which held on 06-07 Oct, 2016. http://www.amity.edu/incite2016 • Technical Speaker for Global perspective on IT business “The Changing Scenario” – Big Data on International Students Conference New Delhi (ISCND) which held on 14-15 Oct, 2016 http://iscnd.com • Advisory Committee Member for International Conference on Sustainable Computing Techniques in Engineering, Science and Management which has held on 09-10 Sep’2016 at Delhi-NCR. http://www.scesm.org • Technical Program Committee Member for Program Committee Member for International Conference on Recent Trends IN ICT, Jaipur, India, Aug 18-19, 2017 http://rtict.org • Program Committee Member for International Conference on Recent Advancement in Computer and Communication Bhopal, India, (IC-RAC-2017) May 26-27, 2017 http://www.icrac.co.in Profile Contd….
- 31. • Editorial Board member for the following International Journals: – International Journal of Computer Science and Innovation http://www.infinitysciences.org – International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Technology http://www.ijlret.com – International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology http://www.ijltet.org – International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management http://www.ijaiem.org – International Journal for Management http://www.ijm-apm.com – ITM International Journal of Innovations in Science, Engineering & Management www.iijisem.org – The International Journal of Emerging Engineering and Embedded Systems http://www.ijeees.org – Conference Info http://conferenceinfo.org/tpc.php – International Journal of Computer Engineering in Research Trends (IJCERT) http://www.ijcert.org • Expert Speaker for Program “Insurance Beyond Doubt” Presented by Oriental Insurance Co Ltd. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrvJkN_Zn3Q Profile Contd….
- 32. BOOK, CHAPTER, and CASE STUDY Published • Published Book on “A Study of Changing Trends in E-CRM of Indian Insurance Industry” Published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, one of the top researchers and renowned scientists of Germany with ISBN: 3330009543, 9783330009547. The Book available at Amazon.com. • Published Real Case Study on “IoT Security Considerations for Higher Education” published on Business Cases - RENVOI 2017 BOOK (The Case Centre, UK) with ISBN: 978-1-4828-8840-9, Page 63-70. The Book available at the various online website: Amazon, AbeBooks, Chegg, Barnes & Noble. • Published Chapter on "Role of eWorld in Insurance Innovation" Published by Insurance Institute of India (III), 60 Years Diamond Jubilee, Compendium, Nov 2016 – (Magazine) – One of the premium Insurance Institute of India.
- 33. Contact Details • Email : [email protected] • Website : http://mybigdataanalytics.in • LinkedIn : https://in.linkedin.com/in/drkamalgulati