AAI 2236-Using the New Java Concurrency Utilities with IBM WebSphere
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The document discusses the new Java Concurrency Utilities introduced in Java EE 7, including managed executor services, scheduled executor services, managed thread factories, and context services that allow execution of asynchronous tasks on managed threads while propagating common Java EE contexts. It outlines the goals and APIs of these services and provides examples of how developers can utilize managed executor services, scheduled executor services, and context services in Java EE applications to support concurrency patterns. The document also lists additional related sessions at the InterConnect 2015 conference that may be of interest.
AAI 2236-Using the New Java Concurrency Utilities with IBM WebSphere
- 1. © 2015 IBM Corporation AAI-2236 Using the New Java Concurrency Utilities with IBM WebSphere Kevin Sutter, STSM WebSphere Java EE Architect
- 2. Agenda • Introduction • Managed services • Additional APIs • Additional Resources 1
- 3. Introduction 2 2003 2006 2008 2012 2013 JSR 236 released as part of Java EE 7 JSR237 is merged into JSR236 JSR236 (Timers) and JSR237 (Work Managers) filed CommonJ API replaced with extension of Java SE concurrency API JSR 236 restarted JSR Timeline
- 4. Introduction Goals • Provide easy-to-use support to developers for both simple and advanced concurrency patterns • Provide a path to migrate standalone apps using Java SE Concurrency Utilities (JSR-166) to the Java EE platform with a consistent API • Provide an easy-to-understand API for developers to create applications using concurrency design principles • Make it easy to add concurrency to existing Java EE applications 3
- 5. Introduction • Extension of the Java SE Concurrency Utilities API • Addresses long standing tenant of EE app servers that well- behaved applications should not create threads • WebSphere (like other application servers) provided other mechanisms for creating and managing threads, such as Asynchronous Beans, CommonJ Timer and Work Manager. • Asynchronous task lifecycle management, monitoring and notification • Flexible propagation of common Java EE contexts to tasks 4 Available 4Q2014 via Liberty Repository!
- 6. Agenda • Introduction • Managed services • Additional APIs • Summary • Additional Resources 5
- 7. Services Overview • JSR 236 defines four services to be provided by an application server • ManagedExecutorService • ManagedScheduledExecutorService • ManagedThreadFactory • ContextService • Services are accessed by application via: • resource injection using @Resource • JNDI lookup • default instances • Configured through vendor-defined properties 6
- 8. Services ManagedExecutorService overview • Provides a familiar API for concurrent processing of tasks in Java EE • Extends java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService of Java SE concurrency API • Allow execution of asynchronous tasks on server managed threads • Tasks must implement either: – java.lang.Runnable – java.util.concurrent.Callable 7
- 9. Services ManagedExecutorService API • Supports Java EE context propagation including JNDI naming, classloader, and security contexts • Not transactional contexts • Because the service is managed by the server, calling any of the lifecycle API methods results in IllegalStateException • Like Java SE, task(s) submission returns one or more Future(s). These are used to: • check for task execution status • wait for and retrieve task result • cancel task 8
- 10. Services ManagedExecutorService Example @WebServlet(asyncSupported=true) public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet { @Resource ManagedExecutorService managedExecutorService; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response { final AsyncContext asyncContext = request.startAsync(); … Runnable myTask = new Runnable() { public void run() { asyncContext.complete(); } }; … Future future = managedExecutorService.submit(myTask); } 9
- 11. Services ManagedScheduledExecutorService overview • Provides a familiar API for scheduling asynchronous tasks in Java EE • Supports Java EE context propagation including JNDI naming, classloader, and security contexts • Not transactional contexts • Used for scheduling tasks to run: • periodically • after specified delay • at some custom schedule 10
- 12. Services ManagedScheduledExecutorService API • Extends both ManagedExecutorService and java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService interfaces • Like ManagedExecutorService, calling any of the lifecycle API methods results in IllegalStateException • In addition to schedule methods inherited from Java SE API, adds methods to support custom scheduling • schedule with Trigger interface 11
- 13. Services ManagedScheduledExecutorService Trigger API • Interface implemented by application developer to support flexible, custom scheduling • Scheduling rules may be: • simple: a single, absolute date/time • complex: calendar logic • Trigger is submitted along with a task using a schedule method in ManagedScheduledExecutorService 12
- 14. Services ManagedScheduledExecutorService Trigger Example public class SimpleFixedDateTrigger implements Trigger { private Date fireTime; public SimpleFixedDateTrigger(Date triggerDate) { fireTime = triggerDate; } public Date getNextRunTime(LastExecution lastExecutionInfo, Date taskScheduledTime) { if(taskScheduledTime.after(fireTime)) return null; return fireTime; } public boolean skipRun(LastExecution lastExecutionInfo, Date scheduledRunTime) { return scheduledRunTime.after(fireTime); } } 13
- 15. Services ManagedThreadFactory overview • Provides the means for Java EE applications to obtain container-managed threads • Supports Java EE context propagation including JNDI naming, classloader, and security contexts • Not transactional contexts 14
- 16. Services ManagedThreadFactory API • Extends java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory • Same API: Thread.newThread(Runnable) • Supports Java EE context propagation including JNDI naming, classloader, and security contexts • Not transactional contexts • Threads from factory are: • contextualized with container context • required to implement the ManagableThread interface 15
- 17. Services ManagedThreadFactory Example // Create a ThreadPoolExecutor using a ManagedThreadFactory. @Resource ManagedThreadFactory threadFactory; public ExecutorService getManagedThreadPool() { // All threads will be contextualized with the context // of the creating application component. return new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 10, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(10), threadFactory); } 16
- 18. Services ContextService overview • Creates dynamic proxy objects • objects are contextualized with container context upon creation • object methods execute with that captured context • Used by the other services to contextualize task and threads • May be used directly for advanced use cases: • request contextualization of Trigger methods • request contextualization of task listener notification methods • propagate custom contexts • Execution properties control how contextualization occurs 17
- 19. Services ContextService API • Methods to create contextual proxy objects: • <T> T createContextualProxy(T instance, Class<T> intf) • Object createContextualProxy(Object instance, Class<?>... Interfaces) • <T> T createContextualProxy(T instance, Map<String,String> executionProperties, Class<T> intf) • Object createContextualProxy(Object instance, Map<String,String> executionProperties, Class<?>... Interfaces) 18
- 20. Services ContextService Example public class MyRunnable implements Runnable { public void run() { System.out.println("MyRunnable.run with Java EE Context"); } } @Resource ThreadFactory threadFactory; @Resource ContextService ctxService; MyRunnable myRunnableInstance = new MyRunnable(); Runnable rProxy =ctxService.createContextualProxy( myRunnableInstance, Runnable.class); ExecutorService exSvc = Executors.newThreadPool(10, threadFactory); Future future = exSvc.submit(rProxy); 19
- 21. Agenda • Introduction • Managed services • Additional APIs • Additional Resources 20
- 22. Additional APIs Transaction Management • Transactions are not propagated to the threads on which tasks are run • Application may obtain a UserTransaction from JTA • Contextual proxy objects can run in the transaction context of the invoking thread, controlled by the execution property ManagedTask.TRANSACTION • default is ManagedTask.SUSPEND • ManagedTask.USE_TRANSACTION_OF_EXECUTION_THREAD 21
- 23. Additional APIs ManagedTaskListener • Tasks events are emitted to listeners via ManagedTaskListener methods when tasks are: • submitted • unable to start or cancelled • starting • completed, either successfully or with exceptions • Useful for: • monitoring task progress • resubmitting failed tasks • ManagedTaskListener methods execute with unspecified context by default 22
- 24. Additional APIs ManagedTask • Any task can optionally implement ManagedTask interface which provides: • ManagedTaskListener for lifecycle events notification • task identification • any desired execution properties • Other standard execution ManagedTask properties • IDENTITY_NAME – used to provide a task name • LONGRUNNING_HINT – hint of task length • TRANSACTION – controls transaction participation – SUSPEND – USE_TRANSACTION_OF_EXECUTION_THREAD 23
- 25. Additional APIs ManagedExecutors • Similar to Executors utility class of Java SE concurrency package, contain methods for: • Creating a ManagedTask capable of receiving notifications via the specified ManagedTaskListener and with any specified execution properties • Testing whether current thread is a ManageableThread that has been marked for shutdown 24
- 26. Agenda • Introduction • Managed services • Additional APIs • Additional Resources 25
- 27. Additional Resources • JSR236 specification and API docs • http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=236 • JSR236 forum • http://concurrency-ee-spec.java.net • Java EE 7 API docs • http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/7/api 26
- 28. Sampling of Related Sessions… • AAI-1713A: Introduction to Java EE 7 • Monday, 2-3pm, Mandalay Bay, Reef Ballroom E • AAI-1641A: Introduction to Web Sockets • Monday, 5-6pm, Mandalay Bay, Reef Ballroom E • AAI-1313A: Agile Development Using Java EE 7 with WebSphere Liberty Profile (LAB) • Tuesday, 8-10am, Mandalay Bay, South Seas Ballroom D • AAI-2236A: Using the New Java Concurrency Utilities with IBM WebSphere • Tuesday, 2-3pm, Mandalay Bay, Reef Ballroom D • AAI-2235A: OpenJPA and EclipseLink Usage Scenarios Explained • Wednesday, 5:30-6:30pm, Mandalay Bay, Surf Ballroom A • AAI-1610A: Configuring IBM WebSphere Application Server for Enterprise Messaging Needs • Wednesday, 5:30-6:30pm, Mandalay Bay, Surf Ballroom E • AAI-3085A: Don’t Wait! Develop Responsive Applications with Java EE7 Instead • Thursday, 10:30-11:30am, Mandalay Bay, Lagoon L 27
- 29. Questions? 28
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