Implementing Async Networking in MongoDB allows operations to complete out of order through asynchronous execution. The document discusses: 1) Using C++11 lambdas and asynchronous I/O to implement a work queue that executes tasks like connect, authenticate, send, receive, and done out of order. 2) Handling network errors on the primary execution path by returning from the async operation. 3) Handling cancellations by checking for a cancelled flag on the secondary execution path and ownership rules to end operations. 4) Ensuring safe concurrent access using mutex locks and shared pointers to operations.