![About Me
{
"data": {
"human": {
"name": "Albert Chen",
"occupation": "Software Architect",
"website": "https://albert-chen.com",
"interests": [
"traveling",
"programming",
"cooking"
]
},
"tags": [
"Laravel Artisan",
"Swoole Enthusiast",
"Open Source Contributor"
]
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2021-211022064015/85/2021-laravelconf-tw-slides1-2-320.jpg)
![Laravel’s Service Container
$resolved = [];
$aliases = [];
$bindings = [];
$instances = [];
$serviceProviders = [];
$loadedProviders = [];
Container](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/2021-211022064015/85/2021-laravelconf-tw-slides1-24-320.jpg)
2021.laravelconf.tw.slides1
- 1. @LaravelConf Taiwan 2021 Deep Dive into Laravel Octane Albert Chen
- 2. About Me { "data": { "human": { "name": "Albert Chen", "occupation": "Software Architect", "website": "https://albert-chen.com", "interests": [ "traveling", "programming", "cooking" ] }, "tags": [ "Laravel Artisan", "Swoole Enthusiast", "Open Source Contributor" ] } }
- 3. Outline • Lifecycle in PHP and Laravel • Introduction of Octane • Reminders in Long-Lived PHP • Service Container • Concurrent Tasks • Other Features in Octane • Blocking I/O in PHP • Coroutine • Benchmark • Q&A
- 6. Why PHP Performs Poorly in High Concurrency?
- 8. Lifecycle in Laravel Autoload Load App Bootstrap Register Service Providers Boot Service Providers Http Kernel Middleware Dispatch by Router Routes Match Controller Response Terminate Middleware Request public/ index.php
- 9. How many files are required for one request in Laravel? 426 get_included_files() In Laravel 8.52
- 10. Stateless PHP • How do we serve PHP today? • PHP-FPM • mod_php for Apache • Both patterns are all stateless
- 11. Stateless PHP • Pros • Easy scaling • Simple, less risk causing memory leaks • Cons • States can't be shared between requests • States must rely on external storages • Resources can't be reused e ffi ciently • Connection cost is expensive (like database) • Not good for high performance
- 12. Laravel Octane
- 13. Laravel Octane • Published in April 2021 • Maintained by o ffi cial Laravel team • Supports Swoole and Roadrunner • Requires Laravel 8 and PHP 8 • Becoming more friendly in long-lived app • Hot reload support • Brings additional features
- 14. What is RoadRunner? • Built with Golang • A replacement for web server and PHP-FPM • Works on both Linux and Windows • HTTPS and HTTP/2 support (including HTTP/2 Push, H2C) • No external PHP dependencies
- 15. What is RoadRunner? (Process Manager) Request HTTP Handler Load Balancer PSR-7 Consumer Workers Pool RoadRunner
- 16. What is Swoole? • A C extension for PHP • An asynchronous network engine for PHP • Features: • Event-driven non-blocking I/O • HTTP / HTTP2 / Websocket / TCP / UDP • Coroutine (CSP Model) • Excellent performance for high concurrency
- 17. Server Structure in Swoole
- 18. Lifecycle in Octane Reset Prepare Sandbox Request WarmUp Middleware Dispatch by Router Routes Match Controller Response Terminate Middleware Run only once
- 19. PHP Lifecycle in Octane Run only once!
- 20. Reminders in Long-Lived PHP • Global States Pollution • Global states will be shared in di ff erent requests. • Use global variables carefully unless you know what you’re doing in long-lived PHP. • You need to reset these states in the beginning of request if you don’t want to share them.
- 21. • Potential Memory Leaks Reminders in Long-Lived PHP
- 22. • Don’t exit in your PHP code Reminders in Long-Lived PHP
- 23. Static variables in Laravel?
- 24. Laravel’s Service Container $resolved = []; $aliases = []; $bindings = []; $instances = []; $serviceProviders = []; $loadedProviders = []; Container
- 25. Laravel’s Service Container protected static $app; protected static $resolvedInstance; Facades Service Container • $app->singleton(‘event’, …) • $app->singleton(‘db’, …) • $app->singleton(‘auth’, …) Service Provider event db auth
- 26. Containers in Octane • Warm Up Initial Container Container Auth Cache Con fi g Cookie DB Encrypt Files Hash Log Router Routes Session Trans Url View Default Services Register
- 27. Containers in Octane • Container Dependencies Http Kernel App Router Container Routes Collection Route Container Route Container
- 28. Containers in Octane • Setup Sandbox Container Clone Initial Container Sandbox Reset States Replace Container Register Other Services Handle Request
- 29. • Container dependencies in singleton Reminders in Octane
- 30. • Container dependencies in singleton Reminders in Octane
- 31. • Container dependencies in singleton Reminders in Octane
- 32. Concurrent Tasks
- 33. • PHP’s Blocking I/O Model Concurrent Tasks Process Send API A Send API B Query DB A Query DB B 50ms 50ms 20ms 20ms 140ms in total Request
- 34. Concurrent Tasks • PHP’s Blocking I/O Model Process 50ms Child Child Child Child Fork Return Send API request A Query DB A Query DB B 50ms Send API request A 20ms 20ms Request
- 35. Concurrent Tasks • Concurrent Tasks in Octane (Swoole Only) Process Task Worker Dispatch Task Worker Task Worker Task Worker Workers Pool Send API request A Send API request B Query DB A Query DB B Return Request
- 36. Concurrent Tasks • Concurrent Tasks in Octane (Swoole Only)
- 37. Other Features in Octane (Only support Swoole)
- 38. • Ticker • You can set a timer to execute periodic tasks (e.g. Report your server states every 10 seconds) Other Features in Octane
- 39. • Cache & Table • High performance swoole table driver shared by di ff erent workers without external storage Other Features in Octane
- 40. • Cache & Table • High performance swoole table driver shared by di ff erent workers without external storage Other Features in Octane
- 41. • What will this counter number be? Process Communication 1 2 3 1 4 1
- 42. • Each worker has its own memory space Process Communication Worker Memory Worker Memory Worker Memory Worker Memory
- 43. • Use Swoole Table for Sharing Data Process Communication Worker Memory Worker Memory Worker Memory Worker Memory Swoole Table
- 44. Blocking I/O in PHP • PHP is originally created as glue layer to call C functions • The I/O model is blocking by default • Almost all client-side libraries involving I/O are blocking • Multiple process for handling blocking I/O • I/O bound concurrency depends on process number • Cost for context switch in processes is expensive
- 45. Blocking I/O in PHP • Resource can't be reused • I/O requests are blocking • 80% time cost on blocking I/O
- 46. Concurrency Problem • 100 requests at the same time need 100 processes • 100 connections will be established as well • Scale to increase concurrency
- 48. Coroutine in Swoole • Non-Blocking I/Os are scheduled by coroutine automatically. PHP is the best Swoole is awesome! Hello world!
- 49. Coroutine in Swoole Hello Swoole • Non-Blocking I/Os are scheduled by coroutine automatically. 1.2.3.4
- 50. Coroutine in Swoole 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.4 … • Non-Blocking I/Os are scheduled by coroutine automatically. Hello Swoole!
- 51. Coroutine in Swoole Hello Swoole! • Non-Blocking I/Os are scheduled by coroutine automatically. 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.4 1.2.3.4 …
- 52. Coroutine in Swoole • CSP Model 1 2 3 4 5
- 54. • Does Octane support coroutine? Coroutine in Octane Coroutine A Coroutine B Coroutine C Process Request Request Request Yield & Resume
- 55. • Does Octane support coroutine? Coroutine in Octane Coroutine A Coroutine B Coroutine C Process Request Request Request Yield & Resume ContainerA ContainerB ContainerC Container ???
- 56. • Does Octane support coroutine? Coroutine in Octane
- 57. Laravel’s Container Is Not Friendly to Coroutine
- 58. • Swoole’s New Concurrency Mode Coroutine in Octane
- 59. • Concurrent Tasks in Coroutine Coroutine in Octane Process Coroutine A Yield & Resume Coroutine B Coroutine C Coroutine D Send API request A Send API request B Query DB A Query DB B Request max_concurrency=1
- 60. • Concurrent Tasks in Coroutine • Connection pool support for database • No global variable modi fi cations in coroutines • Only one request in one worker at the same time • Still not e ff ective enough unless container supports coroutine Coroutine in Octane
- 61. • Environment • MacBook Air 2020 • Core i5 1.1GHz (4 Cores) Benchmark
- 62. • PHP-FPM + Nginx Benchmark
- 64. Some Facts about Swoole • There’s knowledge gap for traditional PHP developers.
- 65. Q&A