2d/3D transformations in computer graphics(Computer graphics Tutorials)
Download as ppt, pdf10 likes11,983 views
This document discusses the Daroko blog, which provides real-world applications of various IT skills. It encourages readers to not just learn computer graphics and other topics but to apply them in business contexts. The blog covers topics like computer graphics, networking, programming, IT jobs, technology news, blogging, website building, and IT companies. It aims to help readers gain practical experience applying their IT knowledge. Readers are instructed to search "Daroko blog" online to access resources on various IT subjects and their business applications.
1 of 35
Downloaded 432 times
![rotation
scaling
translation
perspective transform
P 'P
T '
where
' [ ', ', '] ,
[ , , ] .
T
T
P TP
P x y w
P x y w
=
=
=
2D Transformation Matrices
=
ihg
fed
cba
T
X 'X](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-21-320.jpg)
![]][]...[[][
][
]][]...[['
12
12
TTTT
PT
PTTTP
n
n
=
=
=
composite transformation matrix
HomeworkHomework
4. Composite Transformations](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-23-320.jpg)
![( , )T
F Fx y
(a) Original position of
object and fixed point
(b) Translate object so that
fixed point (xF, yF) is at origin
(c) Scale object with
respect to origin
(d) Translate object so that
fixed point is returned to position (xF, yF)T
( , )T
F Fx y
][ rT
][ cS 1
][ −
rT](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-24-320.jpg)
![( , )T
R Rx y
(a) Original position of
object and pivot point
(b) Translation of object so that
the pivot point (xR, yR) is at origin
(c) Rotation about origin (d) Translation of object so that
the pivot point is returned to
position (xR, yR)T
( , )T
R Rx y
][ rT
][ tR 1
][ −
rT](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-25-320.jpg)
![x
y
θ
Sy
Sx
[Rt]-1
[Sc][Rt]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-26-320.jpg)
![Final
Position
Final
Position
(a) [Rt][Tr] (b) [Tr][Rt]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-29-320.jpg)
![45°
[Rt] [Rf
x
]
45°
[Rt]-1
Reflection about y = x](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cs580-052dtransformations-140720144044-phpapp01/85/2d-3D-transformations-in-computer-graphics-Computer-graphics-Tutorials-32-320.jpg)
Ad
Recommended
Computer Graphic - Transformations in 2D
Computer Graphic - Transformations in 2D2013901097 The document discusses 2D geometric transformations using matrices. It defines a general transformation equation [B] = [T] [A] where [T] is the transformation matrix and [A] and [B] are the input and output point matrices. It then explains various transformation matrices for scaling, reflection, rotation and translation. It also discusses representing transformations in homogeneous coordinates using 3x3 matrices. Finally, it provides examples of applying multiple transformations and conditions when the order of transformations can be changed.
2d-transformation
2d-transformationPooja Dixit The document discusses 2D object transformations in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shear. It explains how to mathematically represent these transformations using coordinates and vectors, detailing the required parameters for each transformation type. The role of these transformations is emphasized as essential for repositioning and altering the size and orientation of graphics on the screen.
2 d transformations and homogeneous coordinates
2 d transformations and homogeneous coordinatesTarun Gehlot 1. 2D transformations like translation, rotation, and scaling can be represented using homogeneous coordinates and matrix multiplication.
2. Homogeneous coordinates add a third coordinate to allow a consistent matrix notation for all transformations.
3. Transformations can be combined by multiplying their matrices in the appropriate order.
2D Transformation
2D TransformationShahDhruv21 The document discusses 2D transformations in computer graphics, emphasizing operations like translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shear. It explains how these transformations change an object's position, orientation, or size without needing to redraw the object, detailing mathematical formulations and matrices for each transformation type. A concluding note highlights the necessity of these transformations for effective object manipulation.
Homogeneous Representation: rotating, shearing
Homogeneous Representation: rotating, shearingManthan Kanani The document discusses geometric transformations, focusing on 2D and 3D operations such as rotation, shearing, and reflection about arbitrary points and lines. It explains how transformations modify a graphic image through changes in the object's database and details the procedures for achieving combined transformations using matrices. Additionally, the document covers the mechanics of shearing in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces.
3D transformation in computer graphics
3D transformation in computer graphicsSHIVANI SONI This document discusses different types of 2D and 3D transformations that are used in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, scaling, shearing, and reflection. It provides the mathematical equations and transformation matrices used to perform each type of transformation on 2D and 3D points and objects. Key types of rotations discussed are roll (around z-axis), pitch (around x-axis), and yaw (around y-axis). Homogeneous coordinates are introduced for representing 3D points.
3D Transformation
3D Transformation Mahmudul Hasan The document provides an overview of 3D transformations in computer graphics, covering various types such as translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. It explains how these transformations manipulate objects in a 3D space and the mathematical representations used for each type. This foundational knowledge of transformation techniques is essential for modeling and viewing in computer graphics.
Part 2- Geometric Transformation.pptx
Part 2- Geometric Transformation.pptxKhalil Alhatab 1. The document discusses various 2D and 3D geometric transformations including translation, rotation, scaling, and their properties.
2. It explains coordinate systems used to specify geometry including world, user, and display coordinates.
3. Key geometric transformations are defined through matrix operations including translation matrices, rotation matrices, and scaling matrices. Homogeneous coordinates are also introduced to represent transformations as matrix multiplications.
2 d geometric transformations
2 d geometric transformationsMohd Arif 1) 2-D geometric transformations allow manipulation of objects in 2-D space by changing their position, size, and orientation.
2) The basic geometric transformations are translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shear. Translation moves an object by shifting its coordinates. Rotation turns an object around a fixed point. Scaling enlarges or shrinks an object. Reflection produces a mirror image. Shear distorts an object.
3) Each transformation can be described by a matrix equation. The inverse of a transformation performs the opposite operation to return the object to its original state.
3 d transformation
3 d transformationPooja Dixit The document discusses various geometric transformations in 3D modeling including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. Translation moves an object by adding amounts to the x, y, and z coordinates. Rotation requires specifying an axis and angle of rotation. Scaling changes the size of an object by multiplying the x, y, and z coordinates. Reflection mirrors objects across planes, while shearing slants objects along axes. All transformations can be represented using 4x4 matrices.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS-"Projection"
COMPUTER GRAPHICS-"Projection"Ankit Surti Projection is the transformation of a 3D object into a 2D plane by mapping points from the 3D object to the projection plane. There are two main types of projection: perspective projection and parallel projection. Perspective projection uses lines that converge to a single point, while parallel projection uses parallel lines. Perspective projection includes one-point, two-point, and three-point perspectives. Parallel projection includes orthographic projection, which projects lines perpendicular to the plane, and oblique projection, where lines are parallel but not perpendicular to the plane.
seminar on 2D transformation
seminar on 2D transformation9784 This document summarizes different types of 2D transformations, including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. Translation involves moving an object by adding offsets to the x- and y-coordinates. Rotation rotates an object around an origin by a certain angle using trigonometric functions. Scaling resizes an object by multiplying the x- and y-coordinates by scaling factors. Each transformation can be represented using a transformation matrix. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply the transformations to change the coordinates of points on a geometric object.
Projections.pptx
Projections.pptxjyoti_lakhani Projection is a technique to transform a 3D object into a 2D plane. There are two main types of projection: parallel projection and perspective projection. Parallel projection involves projecting lines parallel to the view plane, maintaining accurate measurements but less realistic appearance. Perspective projection accounts for the finite distance to the view plane, making images more realistic but challenging to implement due to vanishing points. Common parallel projections include orthographic and oblique, while common perspective projections include one point, two point, and three point perspectives.
Computer graphics
Computer graphicsMohsin Azam The document discusses various types of raster images and display technologies. Raster images represent pictures as a grid of pixels stored as numerical values. Grayscale images vary pixel depth to generate different colors. Color images use three values per pixel. Display technologies discussed include CRTs, LCDs, plasma displays, and other emissive and non-emissive displays. CRTs use electron guns and phosphors to generate images while LCDs use liquid crystals and polarized light.
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)Timbal Mayank The document discusses 2D transformations in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, and scaling, which adjust an object's position, orientation, or size. It explains the mathematical representations and matrix forms for each transformation, providing examples of translating points and rotating coordinates. Additionally, it introduces homogeneous coordinates for each type of transformation, highlighting their importance in efficiently manipulating geometric objects.
Reflection, Scaling, Shear, Translation, and Rotation
Reflection, Scaling, Shear, Translation, and RotationSaumya Tiwari The algorithm takes input coordinates for a 2D or 3D point and applies various linear transformations - reflection, scaling, shear, translation, and rotation. For reflections, it calculates the reflected coordinates across lines or planes through different axes. For scaling and translation, it multiplies/adds the input coordinates with scaling/translation factors. For rotation, it uses rotation matrices to calculate the rotated coordinates around different axes. It prints the transformed coordinates after applying each transformation.
Graphics display devices
Graphics display devicesalldesign This document provides information about different types of display devices used in computer graphics. It discusses cathode ray tubes (CRTs) which produce images using an electron beam striking a phosphorescent screen. CRTs are bulky and electromagnetic fields may pose health risks. Raster scan displays redraw images by sweeping an electron beam across the screen in lines. Color CRTs use phosphors and shadow masks to produce colors. Flat panel displays like liquid crystal displays are thinner alternatives to CRTs.
Window to viewport transformation
Window to viewport transformationAnkit Garg The document discusses window to viewport transformation. It defines a window as a world coordinate area selected for display and a viewport as a rectangular region of the screen selected for displaying objects. Window to viewport mapping requires transforming coordinates from the window to the viewport. This involves translation, scaling and another translation. Steps include translating the window to the origin, resizing it based on the viewport size, and translating it to the viewport position. An example transforms a sample window to a viewport through these three steps.
4. THREE DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY METHODS
4. THREE DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY METHODSSanthiNivas The document discusses three-dimensional display methods, focusing on perspective and parallel projection techniques for rendering 3D scenes. It details various aspects such as depth cueing, visible line identification, surface rendering, and interactive input methods for graphical user interfaces. Additionally, it outlines the importance of input functions, device classifications, and interaction modes in the context of three-dimensional graphics packages.
Bezier Curve
Bezier Curve Titas Ahmed A Bezier curve is a mathematically defined curve used in graphic applications. It is defined by four points: two anchors at the initial and terminal positions and two handles that control the shape of the curve. The curve can be altered by moving the handles. Bezier curves are commonly used to piece together complex curves from simpler component curves. Matching endpoints ensures continuity, while aligning handles ensures smooth tangency between connecting segments.
3D Display Method
3D Display MethodKhaled Sany This document discusses various 3D display methods in computer graphics. It describes parallel projection, which preserves proportions but not realistic views, and perspective projection, which produces realistic views but not proportions. Perspective projection has three types: one point, two point, and three point. Depth cueing and visible line identification help convey depth information. Surface rendering sets surface intensity based on lighting conditions and surface characteristics to generate realism.
Reflection transformation
Reflection transformationMani Kanth This document discusses reflection and composite transformations in computer graphics. Reflection is defined as a 180 degree rotation that produces a mirror image. There are two types of reflection: horizontal reflection across the y-axis and vertical reflection across the x-axis. A composite transformation performs two or more transformations sequentially, such as a translation followed by a reflection. Solving a composite transformation involves translating an object to rotate it around another point, applying the rotation, and translating back.
Z buffer
Z bufferAmitBiswas99 The document discusses the depth-buffer method for visible surface detection in computer graphics, detailing how it compares depth values for each pixel and stores surface colors. The process involves initializing depth and frame buffers, then iteratively processing polygons to determine visibility based on depth values. However, the method has limitations, only being able to handle opaque surfaces at each pixel.
2 d viewing computer graphics
2 d viewing computer graphicsKALESHWAR KUMAR The document discusses 2D viewing and clipping techniques in computer graphics. It describes how clipping is used to select only a portion of an image to display by defining a clipping region. It also discusses 2D viewing transformations which involve operations like translation, rotation and scaling to map coordinates from a world coordinate system to a device coordinate system. It specifically describes the Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm which uses region codes to quickly determine if lines are completely inside, outside or intersect the clipping region to optimize the clipping calculation.
transformation 3d
transformation 3dHiteshJain007 This document discusses various 3D geometric transformations including translation, scaling, rotation, and coordinate transformations. It provides details on:
1) How translation, uniform scaling, and relative scaling transformations work in 3D space.
2) How rotations around the x, y, z axes as well as general 3D rotations around arbitrary axes are performed.
3) How quaternions can be used to represent rotations and how rotation matrices are derived from quaternions.
4) How reflections, shears, and different coordinate systems require coordinate transformations between systems.
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...Mani Kanth The document discusses window to viewport transformation and the use of homogeneous coordinates. A window defines the area of data to display, while a viewport defines where on the display device the window will appear. Window to viewport transformation maps the window coordinates to viewport coordinates using translation and resizing. Homogeneous coordinates represent points using an extra dimension, allowing rotation, scaling and other transformations to be represented using matrix multiplication.
Computer graphics basic transformation
Computer graphics basic transformationSelvakumar Gna This document discusses 2D geometric transformations including translation, rotation, and scaling. It provides the mathematical definitions and matrix representations for each transformation. Translation moves an object along a straight path, rotation moves it along a circular path, and scaling changes its size. All transformations can be represented by 3x3 matrices using homogeneous coordinates to allow combinations of multiple transformations. The inverse of each transformation matrix is also defined.
Input of graphical data
Input of graphical dataRajapriya82 This document discusses different types of input devices used in graphics programs. It describes six logical device classifications - locator, stroke, string, valuator, choice, and pick devices. Locator devices input coordinate positions, stroke devices record sequences of coordinates, string devices input text, valuator devices set parameter values, choice devices select menu options, and pick devices select parts of an image. Examples of physical devices that can be used for each logical device type are provided. Approaches for uniquely identifying picked objects include distance calculations and highlighting potentially selected objects.
3d transformation computer graphics
3d transformation computer graphics University of Potsdam This document provides an overview of 3D transformations, including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. It explains that 3D transformations generalize 2D transformations by including a z-coordinate and using homogeneous coordinates and 4x4 transformation matrices. Each type of 3D transformation is defined using matrix representations and equations. Rotation is described for each coordinate axis, and reflection is explained for each axis plane. Shearing is introduced as a way to modify object shapes, especially for perspective projections.
3D Geometric Transformations
3D Geometric TransformationsIshan Parekh The document discusses 3D geometric transformations including rotation and reflection. It explains that transformations move points in space and can be expressed through 4x4 matrices. Specifically, it covers rotating objects around axes, conventions for right-handed vs left-handed systems, and how to perform rotations around arbitrary axes through a series of translations and rotations. It also discusses reflecting objects across planes by treating it as a scaling by -1 along one axis and provides AutoCAD commands for rotations and reflections.
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
2 d geometric transformations
2 d geometric transformationsMohd Arif 1) 2-D geometric transformations allow manipulation of objects in 2-D space by changing their position, size, and orientation.
2) The basic geometric transformations are translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shear. Translation moves an object by shifting its coordinates. Rotation turns an object around a fixed point. Scaling enlarges or shrinks an object. Reflection produces a mirror image. Shear distorts an object.
3) Each transformation can be described by a matrix equation. The inverse of a transformation performs the opposite operation to return the object to its original state.
3 d transformation
3 d transformationPooja Dixit The document discusses various geometric transformations in 3D modeling including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. Translation moves an object by adding amounts to the x, y, and z coordinates. Rotation requires specifying an axis and angle of rotation. Scaling changes the size of an object by multiplying the x, y, and z coordinates. Reflection mirrors objects across planes, while shearing slants objects along axes. All transformations can be represented using 4x4 matrices.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS-"Projection"
COMPUTER GRAPHICS-"Projection"Ankit Surti Projection is the transformation of a 3D object into a 2D plane by mapping points from the 3D object to the projection plane. There are two main types of projection: perspective projection and parallel projection. Perspective projection uses lines that converge to a single point, while parallel projection uses parallel lines. Perspective projection includes one-point, two-point, and three-point perspectives. Parallel projection includes orthographic projection, which projects lines perpendicular to the plane, and oblique projection, where lines are parallel but not perpendicular to the plane.
seminar on 2D transformation
seminar on 2D transformation9784 This document summarizes different types of 2D transformations, including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. Translation involves moving an object by adding offsets to the x- and y-coordinates. Rotation rotates an object around an origin by a certain angle using trigonometric functions. Scaling resizes an object by multiplying the x- and y-coordinates by scaling factors. Each transformation can be represented using a transformation matrix. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply the transformations to change the coordinates of points on a geometric object.
Projections.pptx
Projections.pptxjyoti_lakhani Projection is a technique to transform a 3D object into a 2D plane. There are two main types of projection: parallel projection and perspective projection. Parallel projection involves projecting lines parallel to the view plane, maintaining accurate measurements but less realistic appearance. Perspective projection accounts for the finite distance to the view plane, making images more realistic but challenging to implement due to vanishing points. Common parallel projections include orthographic and oblique, while common perspective projections include one point, two point, and three point perspectives.
Computer graphics
Computer graphicsMohsin Azam The document discusses various types of raster images and display technologies. Raster images represent pictures as a grid of pixels stored as numerical values. Grayscale images vary pixel depth to generate different colors. Color images use three values per pixel. Display technologies discussed include CRTs, LCDs, plasma displays, and other emissive and non-emissive displays. CRTs use electron guns and phosphors to generate images while LCDs use liquid crystals and polarized light.
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)
2D transformation (Computer Graphics)Timbal Mayank The document discusses 2D transformations in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, and scaling, which adjust an object's position, orientation, or size. It explains the mathematical representations and matrix forms for each transformation, providing examples of translating points and rotating coordinates. Additionally, it introduces homogeneous coordinates for each type of transformation, highlighting their importance in efficiently manipulating geometric objects.
Reflection, Scaling, Shear, Translation, and Rotation
Reflection, Scaling, Shear, Translation, and RotationSaumya Tiwari The algorithm takes input coordinates for a 2D or 3D point and applies various linear transformations - reflection, scaling, shear, translation, and rotation. For reflections, it calculates the reflected coordinates across lines or planes through different axes. For scaling and translation, it multiplies/adds the input coordinates with scaling/translation factors. For rotation, it uses rotation matrices to calculate the rotated coordinates around different axes. It prints the transformed coordinates after applying each transformation.
Graphics display devices
Graphics display devicesalldesign This document provides information about different types of display devices used in computer graphics. It discusses cathode ray tubes (CRTs) which produce images using an electron beam striking a phosphorescent screen. CRTs are bulky and electromagnetic fields may pose health risks. Raster scan displays redraw images by sweeping an electron beam across the screen in lines. Color CRTs use phosphors and shadow masks to produce colors. Flat panel displays like liquid crystal displays are thinner alternatives to CRTs.
Window to viewport transformation
Window to viewport transformationAnkit Garg The document discusses window to viewport transformation. It defines a window as a world coordinate area selected for display and a viewport as a rectangular region of the screen selected for displaying objects. Window to viewport mapping requires transforming coordinates from the window to the viewport. This involves translation, scaling and another translation. Steps include translating the window to the origin, resizing it based on the viewport size, and translating it to the viewport position. An example transforms a sample window to a viewport through these three steps.
4. THREE DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY METHODS
4. THREE DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY METHODSSanthiNivas The document discusses three-dimensional display methods, focusing on perspective and parallel projection techniques for rendering 3D scenes. It details various aspects such as depth cueing, visible line identification, surface rendering, and interactive input methods for graphical user interfaces. Additionally, it outlines the importance of input functions, device classifications, and interaction modes in the context of three-dimensional graphics packages.
Bezier Curve
Bezier Curve Titas Ahmed A Bezier curve is a mathematically defined curve used in graphic applications. It is defined by four points: two anchors at the initial and terminal positions and two handles that control the shape of the curve. The curve can be altered by moving the handles. Bezier curves are commonly used to piece together complex curves from simpler component curves. Matching endpoints ensures continuity, while aligning handles ensures smooth tangency between connecting segments.
3D Display Method
3D Display MethodKhaled Sany This document discusses various 3D display methods in computer graphics. It describes parallel projection, which preserves proportions but not realistic views, and perspective projection, which produces realistic views but not proportions. Perspective projection has three types: one point, two point, and three point. Depth cueing and visible line identification help convey depth information. Surface rendering sets surface intensity based on lighting conditions and surface characteristics to generate realism.
Reflection transformation
Reflection transformationMani Kanth This document discusses reflection and composite transformations in computer graphics. Reflection is defined as a 180 degree rotation that produces a mirror image. There are two types of reflection: horizontal reflection across the y-axis and vertical reflection across the x-axis. A composite transformation performs two or more transformations sequentially, such as a translation followed by a reflection. Solving a composite transformation involves translating an object to rotate it around another point, applying the rotation, and translating back.
Z buffer
Z bufferAmitBiswas99 The document discusses the depth-buffer method for visible surface detection in computer graphics, detailing how it compares depth values for each pixel and stores surface colors. The process involves initializing depth and frame buffers, then iteratively processing polygons to determine visibility based on depth values. However, the method has limitations, only being able to handle opaque surfaces at each pixel.
2 d viewing computer graphics
2 d viewing computer graphicsKALESHWAR KUMAR The document discusses 2D viewing and clipping techniques in computer graphics. It describes how clipping is used to select only a portion of an image to display by defining a clipping region. It also discusses 2D viewing transformations which involve operations like translation, rotation and scaling to map coordinates from a world coordinate system to a device coordinate system. It specifically describes the Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm which uses region codes to quickly determine if lines are completely inside, outside or intersect the clipping region to optimize the clipping calculation.
transformation 3d
transformation 3dHiteshJain007 This document discusses various 3D geometric transformations including translation, scaling, rotation, and coordinate transformations. It provides details on:
1) How translation, uniform scaling, and relative scaling transformations work in 3D space.
2) How rotations around the x, y, z axes as well as general 3D rotations around arbitrary axes are performed.
3) How quaternions can be used to represent rotations and how rotation matrices are derived from quaternions.
4) How reflections, shears, and different coordinate systems require coordinate transformations between systems.
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...
Window to viewport transformation&matrix representation of homogeneous co...Mani Kanth The document discusses window to viewport transformation and the use of homogeneous coordinates. A window defines the area of data to display, while a viewport defines where on the display device the window will appear. Window to viewport transformation maps the window coordinates to viewport coordinates using translation and resizing. Homogeneous coordinates represent points using an extra dimension, allowing rotation, scaling and other transformations to be represented using matrix multiplication.
Computer graphics basic transformation
Computer graphics basic transformationSelvakumar Gna This document discusses 2D geometric transformations including translation, rotation, and scaling. It provides the mathematical definitions and matrix representations for each transformation. Translation moves an object along a straight path, rotation moves it along a circular path, and scaling changes its size. All transformations can be represented by 3x3 matrices using homogeneous coordinates to allow combinations of multiple transformations. The inverse of each transformation matrix is also defined.
Input of graphical data
Input of graphical dataRajapriya82 This document discusses different types of input devices used in graphics programs. It describes six logical device classifications - locator, stroke, string, valuator, choice, and pick devices. Locator devices input coordinate positions, stroke devices record sequences of coordinates, string devices input text, valuator devices set parameter values, choice devices select menu options, and pick devices select parts of an image. Examples of physical devices that can be used for each logical device type are provided. Approaches for uniquely identifying picked objects include distance calculations and highlighting potentially selected objects.
Viewers also liked (20)
3d transformation computer graphics
3d transformation computer graphics University of Potsdam This document provides an overview of 3D transformations, including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shearing. It explains that 3D transformations generalize 2D transformations by including a z-coordinate and using homogeneous coordinates and 4x4 transformation matrices. Each type of 3D transformation is defined using matrix representations and equations. Rotation is described for each coordinate axis, and reflection is explained for each axis plane. Shearing is introduced as a way to modify object shapes, especially for perspective projections.
3D Geometric Transformations
3D Geometric TransformationsIshan Parekh The document discusses 3D geometric transformations including rotation and reflection. It explains that transformations move points in space and can be expressed through 4x4 matrices. Specifically, it covers rotating objects around axes, conventions for right-handed vs left-handed systems, and how to perform rotations around arbitrary axes through a series of translations and rotations. It also discusses reflecting objects across planes by treating it as a scaling by -1 along one axis and provides AutoCAD commands for rotations and reflections.
2 d transformations by amit kumar (maimt)
2 d transformations by amit kumar (maimt)Amit Kapoor Transformations are operations that change the position, orientation, or size of an object in computer graphics. The main 2D transformations are translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, shear, and combinations of these. Transformations allow objects to be manipulated and displayed in modified forms without needing to redraw them from scratch.
Notes 2D-Transformation Unit 2 Computer graphics
Notes 2D-Transformation Unit 2 Computer graphicsNANDINI SHARMA Notes of 2D Transformation including Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection, Shearing with solved problem.
Clipping algorithm like cohen-sutherland-hodgeman, midpoint-subdivision with solved problem.
Composite transformations
Composite transformationsMohd Arif The document discusses how more complex geometric transformations can be performed by combining basic transformations through composition. It provides examples of how scaling and rotation can be done with respect to a fixed point by first translating the object to align the point with the origin, then performing the basic transformation, and finally translating back. Mirror reflection about a line is similarly described as a composite of translations and rotations.
3D transformation
3D transformationAditya Rawat This document discusses different types of projections used in 3D viewing pipelines, including perspective and parallel projections. Perspective projections use a center of projection to project 3D points onto a 2D view plane, resulting in effects like foreshortening and vanishing points. Parallel projections project points parallel to a viewing direction, preserving scale and shape. Specific types of parallel projections discussed include orthographic, oblique, isometric, and axonometric projections.
Homogeneous coordinate
Homogeneous coordinateBed Dhakal (1) Homogeneous coordinates represent points and lines in projective geometry. The homogeneous coordinate of a point (x,y) in the plane is (x,y,1).
(2) A line in the plane can be represented by homogeneous coordinates of the form (a,b,c) where a, b, and c are not all 0. A point lies on the line if its coordinates satisfy the equation ax + by + cz = 0.
(3) Parallel lines in the plane meet at a point at infinity, represented by homogeneous coordinates of the form (a,b,0). The line at infinity is represented by coordinates (0,0,1). Homogeneous coordinates allow
CS 354 Transformation, Clipping, and Culling
CS 354 Transformation, Clipping, and CullingMark Kilgard This document summarizes a lecture on graphics transformations, clipping, and culling. It discusses how vertex positions are transformed from object space to normalized device coordinates space using the modelview and projection matrices. It also covers generalized clipping against the view frustum and user-defined clip planes, as well as back face culling. The lecture provides examples of translation, rotation, scaling, orthographic, and perspective transformations.
Projection Matrices
Projection MatricesSyed Zaid Irshad Projection matrices are used to project 3D scenes onto a 2D viewport. OpenGL uses normalization to convert all projections to orthogonal projections within the default view volume. This allows using standard transformations in the graphics pipeline and efficient clipping. Oblique projections involve a shear transformation followed by an orthogonal projection. Perspective projections are achieved by applying a perspective matrix that maps the near and far planes to the default clipping volume while preserving depth ordering for hidden surface removal.
OpenGL Transformation
OpenGL TransformationSandip Jadhav This document discusses OpenGL transformations. It describes how geometric objects are represented and transformed using matrices. Transformation matrices for modeling, viewing and projection are manipulated separately in OpenGL. The viewing transformation places the camera in the 3D world. Projection can be parallel (orthographic) or perspective, with perspective being more realistic. OpenGL provides functions for common viewing and projection setups. The full transformation pipeline involves clipping, perspective division, viewport mapping and rasterization to render the 3D scene to a 2D framebuffer.
Secrets of CryENGINE 3 Graphics Technology
Secrets of CryENGINE 3 Graphics TechnologyTiago Sousa The document details the graphics technology behind CryEngine 3, including its rendering pipeline, deferred lighting techniques, shadows, and screen space effects. It discusses various aspects such as the handling of depth buffers, ambient lighting, shadow mapping, and real-time reflections, emphasizing optimizations for efficiency on console hardware. Additionally, it touches on techniques for stereo 3D image generation and motion blur, underlying the document's focus on enhancing rendering performance and visual fidelity in game graphics.
3 d geometric transformations
3 d geometric transformationsMohd Arif Geometric transformations include translation, rotation, and scaling. Translation moves every point of an object by adding a translation vector. Rotation rotates the object around an axis by a certain angle. Scaling enlarges or shrinks the object by a scale factor. More complex transformations can be achieved by combining these basic transformations through composition.
3 d projections
3 d projectionsMohd Arif This document discusses 3D transformations and projections. It describes two main projection methods: parallel projection and perspective projection. Parallel projection preserves proportions but does not provide a realistic 3D representation. Perspective projection maps 3D points along converging lines to a vanishing point, resulting in foreshortening effects where objects appear smaller the farther they are from the viewing plane. The document outlines different types of parallel and perspective projections.
Computer Graphics Notes
Computer Graphics NotesGurpreet singh The document provides an overview of an introductory computer graphics course. It outlines the course objectives of understanding fundamental graphical operations, recent advances in computer graphics, and user interface issues. It then lists and briefly describes the main topics that will be covered in the course, including basic raster graphics, 2D transformations, clipping, filling techniques, 3D graphics, visibility, and advanced topics like rendering, raytracing, antialiasing and fractals.
lecture1 introduction to computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture1 introduction to computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This document provides an introduction to computer graphics, covering its definition, historical development, and key components. It outlines the evolution from early mathematical concepts to modern graphical technologies and programming languages used in the field. The document highlights significant milestones, influential figures, and the current state of graphics software and hardware.
Introduction to Computer graphics
Introduction to Computer graphics PrathimaBaliga Computer graphics uses computers to generate and display digital images. It involves programming computers to create realistic images through specialized hardware and software. Computer graphics are used across many fields for simulation, algorithms, modeling, rendering, image processing, animation, and more. Interactive graphics allow users to control and change images, while passive graphics automatically transfer images without user intervention.
CG - Display Devices
CG - Display Devicesvinay arora This document provides information about different types of display devices used in computer graphics. It discusses cathode ray tube (CRT) displays, including how CRTs work using an electron gun and accelerating electrons to excite phosphors to emit light. It describes raster scan displays, which draw images as a grid of pixels by sweeping an electron beam across the screen, and random scan displays, which draw images line by line. The document also covers color CRT displays using beam penetration or a shadow mask to combine red, green, and blue phosphors at each pixel location.
Display devices CRT and LCD screen
Display devices CRT and LCD screenManoj Harsule Liquid crystal molecules in an LCD screen untwist when voltage is applied, changing the angle of polarized light and creating darker areas. LCDs use electrodes and polarized glass layers with a liquid crystal layer in between. Pixels are controlled individually by activating the corresponding row and column electrodes. Passive matrices have slow response times while active matrices use transistors to precisely control each pixel.
Video display device
Video display devicemissagrata Monitors use either cathode ray tubes or LCD screens to display computer output visually. CRTs were dominant until the 21st century when they were replaced by thinner and lighter LCD screens. Random-scan displays draw images line by line like vectors and refresh each line 30-60 times per second to prevent screen burn-in, while flat panel displays are now commonly used in portable devices due to their thinness.
Computer Graphics Notes (B.Tech, KUK, MDU)
Computer Graphics Notes (B.Tech, KUK, MDU)Rajesh Kamboj The document discusses the history and development of chocolate over centuries. It details how cocoa beans were first used as currency by the Maya and Aztecs before being introduced to Europe in the 16th century. The document then explains how chocolate became popularized as a drink in Europe in the 17th century and how its production and consumption expanded globally over subsequent centuries.
lecture1 introduction to computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture1 introduction to computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Ad
Similar to 2d/3D transformations in computer graphics(Computer graphics Tutorials) (20)
2 d transformation
2 d transformationAnkit Garg 1) 2D geometric transformations include translations, scaling, and rotations. They can be represented by transformation matrices.
2) Translation moves an object by adding offsets to x and y coordinates. It can be represented by a 3x3 matrix with 1s on the diagonal and offsets as the last column.
3) Scaling enlarges or shrinks an object by multiplying x and y coordinates by scaling factors. It can be represented by a 2x2 diagonal matrix with scaling factors.
4) Rotation rotates an object by applying a trigonometric transformation to x and y coordinates. It can be represented by a 2x2 rotation matrix containing cosine and sine of the rotation angle.
SJT_TWO DIMENSIONAL TRANSFORMATIONNn.ppt
SJT_TWO DIMENSIONAL TRANSFORMATIONNn.pptabhinavshingote00 The document discusses two-dimensional transformations in computer graphics, detailing principles like translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, and shear, along with their matrix representations. It emphasizes the importance of the order of transformations and the use of homogeneous coordinates for consistent handling of affine transformations. Additionally, it covers the specifications for implementing these transformations using OpenGL functions.
Cs8092 computer graphics and multimedia unit 2
Cs8092 computer graphics and multimedia unit 2SIMONTHOMAS S This document discusses two-dimensional graphics transformations and matrix representations. It covers topics such as translation, rotation, scaling, reflections, shearing, and representing composite transformations using matrix multiplication. Homogeneous coordinates are also introduced as a way to represent 2D points using 3-dimensional vectors and matrices for transformations.
06.Transformation.ppt
06.Transformation.pptRobinAhmedSaikat This document discusses 2D and 3D geometric transformations. It describes two types of transformations: geometric transformations that alter the object itself, and coordinate transformations that alter the coordinate system. Several common 2D geometric transformations are covered, including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection and shear. Matrix representations are introduced to combine multiple transformations into a single operation. The concept of homogeneous coordinates is explained for representing 2D transformations with 3x3 matrices. Finally, a general method for 2D rotation around a pivot point is described.
2D_Transformations in computer graphicsCG
2D_Transformations in computer graphicsCGPriyankaPatil919748 The document discusses two-dimensional geometric transformations, including translation, rotation, scaling, and shear. It explains the use of homogeneous coordinates for efficient transformations and the mathematical representations for each type. The text also covers composite transformations and practical problems related to applying these concepts.
Computer Graphics - transformations in 2d
Computer Graphics - transformations in 2dHisham Al Kurdi, EAVA, DMC-D-4K, HCCA-P, HCAA-D The document discusses 2D geometric transformations using matrices. It defines a general transformation equation [B] = [T] [A] where [T] is the transformation matrix and [A] and [B] are the input and output point matrices. It then explains various types of 2D transformations like scaling, reflection, rotation and translations as well as their corresponding matrix representations. It also discusses representing transformations in homogeneous coordinates and the concept of screen and world coordinates in the context of mapping between them.
Two dimensionaltransformations
Two dimensionaltransformationsNareek Two-dimensional transformations include translations, rotations, and scalings. Transformations manipulate objects by altering their coordinate descriptions without redrawing them. Matrices can represent linear transformations and are used to describe 2D transformations. Common 2D transformations include translation by adding offsets to coordinates, rotation by applying a rotation matrix, and scaling by multiplying coordinates by scaling factors. More complex transformations can be achieved by combining basic transformations through matrix multiplication in a specific order.
2d transformation
2d transformationSarkunavathi Aribal 2D transformations can be represented by matrices and include translations, rotations, scalings, and reflections. Translations move objects by adding a translation vector. Rotations rotate objects around the origin by pre-multiplying the point coordinates with a rotation matrix. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects by multiplying the point coordinates with scaling factors. Composite transformations represent multiple transformations applied in sequence, with the overall transformation represented as the matrix product of the individual transformations. The order of transformations matters as matrix multiplication is not commutative.
B. SC CSIT Computer Graphics Unit 2 By Tekendra Nath Yogi
B. SC CSIT Computer Graphics Unit 2 By Tekendra Nath YogiTekendra Nath Yogi The document discusses various 2D and 3D geometric transformations including translation, rotation, scaling, and their implementations using matrix representations and homogeneous coordinates. It provides examples of translating, rotating, and scaling points and polygons. It also covers composite transformations, inverse transformations, and applications to 2D and 3D viewing. Homework examples are provided to practice applying the different transformation types.
Transformations in Computer Graphics
Transformations in Computer GraphicsJatenderKhatri Transformations are used to move and manipulate 3D objects in computer graphics. The key types of 2D transformations are:
1. Translation moves objects by adding offsets to the x and y coordinates.
2. Scaling enlarges or shrinks objects by multiplying the x and y coordinates by scale factors.
3. Rotation spins objects around the origin by applying trigonometric functions to the coordinates.
Transformations can be represented using matrices, allowing multiple transformations to be combined through matrix multiplication. Common 2D transformations like translation, scaling, rotation, and shearing can be encoded concisely using 2×2 transformation matrices.
3 d scaling and translation in homogeneous coordinates
3 d scaling and translation in homogeneous coordinatesKRIPA SHNAKAR TIWARI The document discusses 3D scaling, transformation, and rotation using homogeneous coordinates and 4x4 matrices. It explains that translation, scaling, and rotation can be represented by 4x4 matrices to allow combinations of transformations. Points in 3D space can be represented using homogeneous coordinates by adding a fourth w coordinate, and translations are represented by adding values to the fourth row of a transformation matrix. Using homogeneous coordinates and 4x4 matrices allows multiple transformations to be combined and represented with single matrices.
Matrix 2 d
Matrix 2 dxyz120 Matrices can be used to represent 2D geometric transformations such as translation, scaling, and rotation. Translations are represented by adding a translation vector to coordinates. Scaling is represented by multiplying coordinates by scaling factors. Rotations are represented by premultiplying coordinates with a rotation matrix. Multiple transformations can be combined by multiplying their respective matrices. Using homogeneous coordinates allows all transformations to be uniformly represented as matrix multiplications.
Transformations computer graphics
Transformations computer graphics Vikram Halder 1. The document discusses various 2D and 3D transformations including translation, scaling, rotation, reflection, and shearing.
2. It explains the basic transformation types including rigid-body, affine, and free-form and provides examples of each.
3. Key concepts covered include the homogeneous coordinate system, composition of transformations using matrices, and expressing transformations like translation, scaling, and rotation using matrices.
2d Transformation.pdf
2d Transformation.pdfMattupallipardhu Homogeneous coordinates provide a consistent matrix notation for representing 2D transformations such as translation, scaling, and rotation. By adding a third coordinate, points can be represented as 3D vectors, allowing transformations to be expressed as matrix multiplications. This provides a simple way to compose multiple transformations by multiplying their matrices. The window system uses matrices to convert between model coordinates and pixel coordinates on screen, and the inverse is used to convert mouse clicks back to the model coordinate space.
2D-Transformations-Transformations are the operations applied to geometrical ...
2D-Transformations-Transformations are the operations applied to geometrical ...BINJAD1 The document discusses various 2D transformations in computer graphics, including translation, rotation, scaling, shearing, and reflection. Each transformation is explained with corresponding mathematical equations and examples. It emphasizes the importance of homogeneous coordinates for efficient matrix multiplication in performing these transformations.
2D Translation.pdf
2D Translation.pdfMehulMunshi3 The document provides an overview of 2D and 3D geometric transformations including translation, rotation, scaling, and homogeneous coordinates. It then describes 2D translation, rotation, and scaling transformations through equations, matrix representations, and examples. Key points covered include:
- Translating an object by adding translation distances tx and ty to the original coordinates
- Rotating an object using a rotation angle θ and pivot point coordinates
- Scaling an object by multiplying coordinates by scaling factors sx and sy
- Representing transformations using homogeneous coordinates and transformation matrices
- Composing multiple transformations through matrix multiplication
2D Transformation.pdf
2D Transformation.pdfmaheshshinde762539 1. The document discusses various 2D transformations including translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, shearing, and their representation using homogeneous coordinates and homogeneous transformations. All transformations can be represented as matrix multiplication using homogeneous coordinates.
2. Homogeneous coordinates allow geometric transformations to be expressed as matrix multiplications, enabling efficient concatenation of multiple transformations. Any 2D point (x,y) can be represented as a 3D homogeneous coordinate (x,y,1).
3. Common transformations like translation, rotation, scaling, etc. that were previously represented using vector addition can now be uniformly represented using matrix multiplications in homogeneous coordinates. This allows multiple transformations to be applied sequentially with a single matrix multiplication.
COMPOSITE TRANSFORMATION COMPUTER GRAPHICDS.ppt
COMPOSITE TRANSFORMATION COMPUTER GRAPHICDS.ppturvashipundir04 The document discusses 2D transformations in computer graphics, including translation, scaling, and rotation operations that alter an object's position, size, or orientation. It explains how to perform each transformation using mathematical formulas and matrix representations, with examples for translating and rotating points. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of transformations for manipulating and displaying modified objects efficiently.
Computer Graphics transformations
Computer Graphics transformationsswatihans This document discusses 2D transformations in computer graphics including translation, rotation, scaling, and combining transformations using homogeneous coordinates and transformation matrices. It provides examples of translating, rotating, and scaling polygons and explains that the order of transformations matters as matrix multiplication does not commute, so the final result depends on the order the transformations are applied.
Ad
More from Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) (20)
Small Business ideas you can start in Nigeria 2014(best Business ideas Nigeri...
Small Business ideas you can start in Nigeria 2014(best Business ideas Nigeri...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document discusses the viability of poultry farming as a business, highlighting its potential profitability due to increasing food demand and health trends favoring white meat. It outlines essential factors for starting a poultry farm, including niche selection, investment capital, location, housing methods, and equipment needs, while also addressing challenges such as high startup costs, disease outbreaks, and lack of government support. The article emphasizes the importance of conducting thorough research and planning before entering the poultry industry.
Agriculture business ideas for 2014(Business ideas Kenya,Business ideas Niger...
Agriculture business ideas for 2014(Business ideas Kenya,Business ideas Niger...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This document provides 25 business ideas related to agriculture that can be started in rural villages or towns. Some of the top ideas mentioned include urban crop cultivation, rabbit rearing, selling fresh fruits, foodstuff retailing, fish farming, herbs/flower farming, livestock feed production, and poultry farming. The document also discusses opportunities to source raw materials from rural areas for urban manufacturing companies, connect rural farmers to exporters, and help export Nigerian foodstuffs internationally.
An Introduction to Project management(project management tutorials)
An Introduction to Project management(project management tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document outlines the stages of project management and design through the system development life cycle (SDLC), detailing phases from system investigation to implementation and documentation. It emphasizes the importance of constraints such as time, scope, and cost in managing projects, as well as the necessity for strong stakeholder engagement and clear communication. Furthermore, it discusses common reasons for project failure, effective project management practices, and the significance of a skilled project team in ensuring successful software development.
java arlow jdbc tutorial(java programming tutorials)
java arlow jdbc tutorial(java programming tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This document provides a comprehensive overview of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) and its functionalities, detailing the steps for connecting to databases, executing SQL statements, and processing results. It includes examples of JDBC programs, different driver types, and methods for managing result sets, prepared statements, and transactions. Additionally, it discusses handling errors and best practices for database interactions in Java applications.
The java rogramming swing _tutorial for beinners(java programming language)
The java rogramming swing _tutorial for beinners(java programming language)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This document serves as an introductory tutorial to the Java Swing toolkit, detailing its features, package structure, and basic usage. It covers the creation of simple GUI applications using Swing components like buttons, toolbars, menus, and event handling, providing example code for each topic. Additionally, it compares Swing with the SWT library, highlighting the advantages of Swing's lightweight nature and its advanced widget capabilities.
Java programming basics notes for beginners(java programming tutorials)
Java programming basics notes for beginners(java programming tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides an overview of Java programming fundamentals, including its portability, security, and robustness features. It covers the structure of Java programs, the execution of Java applications and applets, and essential concepts like variable declarations, object handling, and array management. The document also explains the predefined lifecycle methods of applets and illustrates how to create and execute both simple applications and applets.
advanced java programming(java programming tutorials)
advanced java programming(java programming tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This document is a guide on advanced Java programming, specifically focusing on creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs), handling data collections through the Java Collections API, and writing Java applets. It provides detailed explanations and examples for key concepts such as GUI creation using the Swing API, data manipulation with lists and other collections, and the structure and lifecycle of applets for web use. Additionally, it outlines programming conventions and includes practical code snippets for various stages of GUI development.
java swing tutorial for beginners(java programming tutorials)
java swing tutorial for beginners(java programming tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides an overview of programming Swing applications using Java's Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern, emphasizing the separation of data, user interface logic, and display components. It discusses various Swing components, their usage, and layout management while also touching on events, multithreading, and event handling in Swing. Additionally, it highlights the importance of design patterns and introduces basic coding examples for creating GUIs with Swing.
An introduction to java programming language forbeginners(java programming tu...
An introduction to java programming language forbeginners(java programming tu...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document is an introduction to Java as part of the Africa Information Technology Initiative in 2009. It discusses the unique features of Java, including its device independence through bytecode and the necessity for a Java interpreter, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using Java for application development. Additionally, it covers programming methodology and the importance of writing clear, maintainable code with appropriate comments.
fundamentals of Computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
fundamentals of Computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides a comprehensive overview of graphics fundamentals, including the historical evolution of graphical devices and models. It discusses computer memory structures, pixel representation, coordinate systems, and various graphical libraries used in programming, particularly with Java. Key concepts like drawing spaces, color models, and device interaction are highlighted, emphasizing the technological advancements in graphics processing and memory management.
bresenham circles and polygons in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
bresenham circles and polygons in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document discusses various computer graphics algorithms, focusing on Bresenham's line drawing algorithm, mid-point circle algorithm, and polygon filling techniques. It details the steps and advantages of these algorithms, highlighting how they optimize drawing using integer calculations and symmetry. Additionally, it compares them with other methods like the DDA algorithm to illustrate their efficiency.
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials and tips)
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials and tips)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides an overview of various graphics display technologies, including cathode ray tubes (CRT), plasma displays, and liquid crystal displays (LCD). It explains the components, functioning principles, and advantages of each technology, such as resolution, persistence, and color generation. The document also discusses interactive devices for input and output in computer graphics systems.
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials)
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides a comprehensive overview of various graphics display technologies including cathode ray tubes (CRT), plasma displays, and liquid crystal displays (LCD). It explains the functioning, components, and advantages of these technologies, as well as detailing the process of rasterization and methods for improving image transmission such as interlacing. Additionally, it discusses interactive devices used for data input and output in computer graphics systems.
Displays and color system in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
Displays and color system in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides an overview of raster graphics, display hardware, and color models in the context of computer graphics. It covers various display devices and hard-copy devices, as well as the organization of raster graphics systems and how colors can be described and represented through models like RGB, CMY, and YIQ. Additionally, it addresses the importance of color perception, measurement, and the challenges associated with color matching and human vision.
Data structures graphics library in computer graphics.
Data structures graphics library in computer graphics.Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) Data structures are used to organize graphics data and allow individual portions of an image to be referenced and modified independently. Common data structures include those based on vertices, edges, and surfaces. A database implements these data structures for storage. Relational and hierarchical models are two common database models. OpenGL is a widely used graphics library that provides a standardized interface for 3D graphics across platforms through functions that output graphics primitives.
lecture8 clipping
lecture8 clippingDaroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This lecture discusses different clipping algorithms. Clipping removes portions of primitives like points, lines, and polygons that lie outside a region of interest. It describes algorithms for point clipping, line clipping including the Cohen-Sutherland algorithm, and polygon clipping using the Sutherland-Hodgman algorithm. The Sutherland-Hodgman algorithm clips polygons by processing each polygon edge against window edges and handling four different cases that may result.
Csc406 lecture7 device independence and normalization in Computer graphics(Co...
Csc406 lecture7 device independence and normalization in Computer graphics(Co...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document discusses achieving device independence in graphics programming, emphasizing the need to avoid hardware-specific features and using a world coordinate system for flexibility. It explains the processes of normalization and viewport management, allowing graphics to adapt to various screen sizes and resolutions. Additionally, it highlights the importance of converting between world coordinates and pixel coordinates while maintaining the application's usability across different devices.
lecture4 raster details in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture4 raster details in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document discusses raster displays, focusing on key concepts like raster memory, frame buffers, and their attributes and operations. It explains storage structures like pixmaps and bitmaps, and the nature of frame buffers that drive displays with color information for each pixel. Additionally, it covers raster operations (raster-ops) that enable efficient manipulation of pixel data, which are essential for modern graphical applications and interfaces.
lecture3 color representation in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture3 color representation in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) The document provides an overview of color representation in computer graphics, focusing on additive and subtractive models, the standard CIE chromaticity, and the principles of human color perception. It explains the tri-stimulus representation using red, green, and blue as primary colors and discusses how colors can be created or matched through varying the intensity of these components. Additionally, it highlights the practical aspects of color display calibration for accurate representation on monitors.
lecture2 computer graphics graphics hardware(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture2 computer graphics graphics hardware(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com) This document provides an overview of computer graphics hardware, focusing on output devices such as CRTs, LCDs, and printers. It details the functioning of CRTs, including their components, how they generate images, and characteristics such as phosphorescence and refresh rates. Additionally, it discusses types of display technologies, including vector and raster displays, and explains concepts like resolution, aspect ratio, and pixel values.
Small Business ideas you can start in Nigeria 2014(best Business ideas Nigeri...
Small Business ideas you can start in Nigeria 2014(best Business ideas Nigeri...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Agriculture business ideas for 2014(Business ideas Kenya,Business ideas Niger...
Agriculture business ideas for 2014(Business ideas Kenya,Business ideas Niger...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
An Introduction to Project management(project management tutorials)
An Introduction to Project management(project management tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
The java rogramming swing _tutorial for beinners(java programming language)
The java rogramming swing _tutorial for beinners(java programming language)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Java programming basics notes for beginners(java programming tutorials)
Java programming basics notes for beginners(java programming tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
java swing tutorial for beginners(java programming tutorials)
java swing tutorial for beginners(java programming tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
An introduction to java programming language forbeginners(java programming tu...
An introduction to java programming language forbeginners(java programming tu...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
fundamentals of Computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
fundamentals of Computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
bresenham circles and polygons in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
bresenham circles and polygons in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials and tips)
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials and tips)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials)
Computer Graphics display technologies(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Displays and color system in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
Displays and color system in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Data structures graphics library in computer graphics.
Data structures graphics library in computer graphics.Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Csc406 lecture7 device independence and normalization in Computer graphics(Co...
Csc406 lecture7 device independence and normalization in Computer graphics(Co...Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
lecture4 raster details in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture4 raster details in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
lecture3 color representation in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture3 color representation in computer graphics(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
lecture2 computer graphics graphics hardware(Computer graphics tutorials)
lecture2 computer graphics graphics hardware(Computer graphics tutorials)Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
Recently uploaded (20)
Zoneranker’s Digital marketing solutions
Zoneranker’s Digital marketing solutionsreenashriee Zoneranker offers expert digital marketing services tailored for businesses in Theni. From SEO and PPC to social media and content marketing, we help you grow online. Partner with us to boost visibility, leads, and sales.
Advanced Token Development - Decentralized Innovation
Advanced Token Development - Decentralized Innovationarohisinghas720 The world of blockchain is evolving at a fast pace, and at the heart of this transformation lies advanced token development. No longer limited to simple digital assets, today’s tokens are programmable, dynamic, and play a crucial role in driving decentralized applications across finance, governance, gaming, and beyond.
Transmission Media. (Computer Networks)
Transmission Media. (Computer Networks)S Pranav (Deepu) INTRODUCTION:TRANSMISSION MEDIA
• A transmission media in data communication is a physical path between the sender and
the receiver and it is the channel through which data can be sent from one location to
another. Data can be represented through signals by computers and other sorts of
telecommunication devices. These are transmitted from one device to another in the
form of electromagnetic signals. These Electromagnetic signals can move from one
sender to another receiver through a vacuum, air, or other transmission media.
Electromagnetic energy mainly includes radio waves, visible light, UV light, and gamma
ra
Shell Skill Tree - LabEx Certification (LabEx)
Shell Skill Tree - LabEx Certification (LabEx)VICTOR MAESTRE RAMIREZ Shell Skill Tree - LabEx Certification (LabEx)
Porting Qt 5 QML Modules to Qt 6 Webinar
Porting Qt 5 QML Modules to Qt 6 WebinarICS Have you upgraded your application from Qt 5 to Qt 6? If so, your QML modules might still be stuck in the old Qt 5 style—technically compatible, but far from optimal. Qt 6 introduces a modernized approach to QML modules that offers better integration with CMake, enhanced maintainability, and significant productivity gains.
In this webinar, we’ll walk you through the benefits of adopting Qt 6 style QML modules and show you how to make the transition. You'll learn how to leverage the new module system to reduce boilerplate, simplify builds, and modernize your application architecture. Whether you're planning a full migration or just exploring what's new, this session will help you get the most out of your move to Qt 6.
Async-ronizing Success at Wix - Patterns for Seamless Microservices - Devoxx ...
Async-ronizing Success at Wix - Patterns for Seamless Microservices - Devoxx ...Natan Silnitsky In a world where speed, resilience, and fault tolerance define success, Wix leverages Kafka to power asynchronous programming across 4,000 microservices. This talk explores four key patterns that boost developer velocity while solving common challenges with scalable, efficient, and reliable solutions:
1. Integration Events: Shift from synchronous calls to pre-fetching to reduce query latency and improve user experience.
2. Task Queue: Offload non-critical tasks like notifications to streamline request flows.
3. Task Scheduler: Enable precise, fault-tolerant delayed or recurring workflows with robust scheduling.
4. Iterator for Long-running Jobs: Process extensive workloads via chunked execution, optimizing scalability and resilience.
For each pattern, we’ll discuss benefits, challenges, and how we mitigate drawbacks to create practical solutions
This session offers actionable insights for developers and architects tackling distributed systems, helping refine microservices and adopting Kafka-driven async excellence.
How the US Navy Approaches DevSecOps with Raise 2.0
How the US Navy Approaches DevSecOps with Raise 2.0Anchore Join us as Anchore's solutions architect reveals how the U.S. Navy successfully approaches the shift left philosophy to DevSecOps with the RAISE 2.0 Implementation Guide to support its Cyber Ready initiative. This session will showcase practical strategies for defense application teams to pivot from a time-intensive compliance checklist and mindset to continuous cyber-readiness with real-time visibility.
Learn how to break down organizational silos through RAISE 2.0 principles and build efficient, secure pipeline automation that produces the critical security artifacts needed for Authorization to Operate (ATO) approval across military environments.
What is data visualization and how data visualization tool can help.pdf
What is data visualization and how data visualization tool can help.pdfVarsha Nayak An open source data visualization tool enhances this process by providing flexible, cost-effective solutions that allow users to customize and scale their visualizations according to their needs. These tools enable organizations to make data-driven decisions with complete freedom from proprietary software limitations. Whether you're a data scientist, marketer, or business leader, understanding how to utilize an open source data visualization tool can significantly improve your ability to communicate insights effectively.
wAIred_RabobankIgniteSession_12062025.pptx
wAIred_RabobankIgniteSession_12062025.pptxSimonedeGijt In today's world, artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the way we learn.
This talk will explore how we can use AI tools to enhance our learning experiences, by looking at some (recent) research that has been done on the matter.
But as we embrace these new technologies, we must also ask ourselves:
Are we becoming less capable of thinking for ourselves?
Do these tools make us smarter, or do they risk dulling our critical thinking skills?
This talk will encourage us to think critically about the role of AI in our education. Together, we will discover how to use AI to support our learning journey while still developing our ability to think critically.
Artificial Intelligence Applications Across Industries
Artificial Intelligence Applications Across IndustriesSandeepKS52 Artificial Intelligence is a rapidly growing field that influences many aspects of modern life, including transportation, healthcare, and finance. Understanding the basics of AI provides insight into how machines can learn and make decisions, which is essential for grasping its applications in various industries. In the automotive sector, AI enhances vehicle safety and efficiency through advanced technologies like self-driving systems and predictive maintenance. Similarly, in healthcare, AI plays a crucial role in diagnosing diseases and personalizing treatment plans, while in financial services, it helps in fraud detection and risk management. By exploring these themes, a clearer picture of AI's transformative impact on society emerges, highlighting both its potential benefits and challenges.
Meet You in the Middle: 1000x Performance for Parquet Queries on PB-Scale Dat...
Meet You in the Middle: 1000x Performance for Parquet Queries on PB-Scale Dat...Alluxio, Inc. Alluxio Webinar
June 10, 2025
For more Alluxio Events: https://www.alluxio.io/events/
Speaker:
David Zhu (Engineering Manager @ Alluxio)
Storing data as Parquet files on cloud object storage, such as AWS S3, has become prevalent not only for large-scale data lakes but also as lightweight feature stores for training and inference, or as document stores for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). However, querying petabyte-to-exabyte-scale data lakes directly from S3 remains notoriously slow, with latencies typically ranging from hundreds of milliseconds to several seconds.
In this webinar, David Zhu, Software Engineering Manager at Alluxio, will present the results of a joint collaboration between Alluxio and a leading SaaS and data infrastructure enterprise that explored leveraging Alluxio as a high-performance caching and acceleration layer atop AWS S3 for ultra-fast querying of Parquet files at PB scale.
David will share:
- How Alluxio delivers sub-millisecond Time-to-First-Byte (TTFB) for Parquet queries, comparable to S3 Express One Zone, without requiring specialized hardware, data format changes, or data migration from your existing data lake.
- The architecture that enables Alluxio’s throughput to scale linearly with cluster size, achieving one million queries per second on a modest 50-node deployment, surpassing S3 Express single-account throughput by 50x without latency degradation.
- Specifics on how Alluxio offloads partial Parquet read operations and reduces overhead, enabling direct, ultra-low-latency point queries in hundreds of microseconds and achieving a 1,000x performance gain over traditional S3 querying methods.
How to Choose the Right Web Development Agency.pdf
How to Choose the Right Web Development Agency.pdfCreative Fosters Choosing the right web development agency is key to building a powerful online presence. This detailed guide from Creative Fosters helps you evaluate agencies based on experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, and post-launch support. Whether you're launching a new site or revamping an old one, these expert tips will ensure you find a reliable team that understands your vision and delivers results. Avoid common mistakes and partner with an agency that aligns with your goals and budget.
Agile Software Engineering Methodologies
Agile Software Engineering MethodologiesGaurav Sharma Software Engineering Process, Notation & Tools Introduction
AI and Deep Learning with NVIDIA Technologies
AI and Deep Learning with NVIDIA TechnologiesSandeepKS52 Artificial intelligence and deep learning are transforming various fields by enabling machines to learn from data and make decisions. Understanding how to prepare data effectively is crucial, as it lays the foundation for training models that can recognize patterns and improve over time. Once models are trained, the focus shifts to deployment, where these intelligent systems are integrated into real-world applications, allowing them to perform tasks and provide insights based on new information. This exploration of AI encompasses the entire process from initial concepts to practical implementation, highlighting the importance of each stage in creating effective and reliable AI solutions.
Software Engineering Process, Notation & Tools Introduction - Part 4
Software Engineering Process, Notation & Tools Introduction - Part 4Gaurav Sharma Software Engineering Process, Notation & Tools Introduction
Automated Migration of ESRI Geodatabases Using XML Control Files and FME
Automated Migration of ESRI Geodatabases Using XML Control Files and FMESafe Software Efficient data migration is a critical challenge in geospatial data management, especially when working with complex data structures. This presentation explores an automated approach to migrating ESRI Geodatabases using FME and XML-based control files. A key advantage of this method is its adaptability: changes to the data model are seamlessly incorporated into the migration process without requiring modifications to the underlying FME workflow. By separating data model definitions from migration logic, this approach ensures flexibility, reduces maintenance effort, and enhances scalability.
2d/3D transformations in computer graphics(Computer graphics Tutorials)
- 1. Daroko blog-where IT leaners apply their Skills Do Not just learn computer graphics an close your computer browser tab and go away.. APPLY them in real business, Visit Daroko blog for real IT skills applications,androind, Computer graphics,Networking,Programming,IT jobs Types, IT news and applications,blogging,Builing a website, IT companies and how you can form yours, Technology news and very many More IT related subject. -simply Google: Daroko blog(www.professionalbloggertricks.com)
- 2. CS580 Computer Graphics 2D Transformations2D Transformations Sung Yong Shin Dept. of Computer Science KAIST
- 4. Outline 1. Preliminary 2. Basic 2D Transformations 3. Homogeneous Coordinate system 4. Composite Transformations 5. Reflection and Shearing
- 5. per-vertex operations & primitive assembly rasterization frame buffer texture assembly display lists evaluators pixel operations per-fragment operations geometric data pixel data OpenGL Rendering Pipeline Window-to-viewport mapping
- 6. 2. Basic Transformations translation scaling rotation (absolute) transformation relative transformation
- 7. = ′ ′ =′ =′ y x S S y x ySy xSx y x y x 0 0 x y ( , )T F Fx y : fixed point 1p 2p 3p y x ( , )T F Fx y Scaling ( , )T x y ( ', ')T x y
- 9. θθ θφθφ θφ sincos sinsincoscos )cos( yx rr rx −= −= +=′ θθ sincos xyy +=′ Similarly, ( , )T x y ( , )T x y′ ′ r θ φ r φ φ sin cos ry rx = = Rotation
- 10. θθ θθ sincos sincos xyy yxx +=′ −=′ − = ′ ′ y x y x θθ θθ cossin sincos ( , )T R Rx y ( , )T x y ( , )T x y′ ′ r θ φ r θ ( , )T x y ( , )T x y′ ′ r φ r ( , )T R Rx y : Pivot point
- 11. = ′ ′ +=′ +=′ 1 10 01 y x T T y x Tyy Txx y x y x 50 100 150 150 100 50 50 100 150 150 100 50 (a) (b) Translation
- 12. Scaling and Rotation Translation How to uniformly treat transformations? = ′ ′ y x dc ba y x Observation = ′ ′ 1 10 01 y x f e y x
- 13. 1 ( , , ) ( , , 1) ( / , / ) for 0 ( , , ) ( / , / ,1) , 0 T T T T T P AP a b c x P d e f y g h i P x y w x w y w x w y w w x y w x w y w Rα α α ′ = ′ = ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′≡ ⇔ ≡ ≠ ′ ′ ′ ′⇔ ∀ ∈ ≠ 3. Homogeneous Coordinate System w x y ( , , )T x y wα ′ ′ 1=w ( , ,1)T x w y w′ ′ (0,0,1)T
- 14. ( , ) ( , ,1) ( , , )T T T x y x y wx wy w= ⇔ 0≠w normalized(standard) No unique homogeneous representation of a Cartesian point !!!
- 15. What if ? ( , ,0)T x y0=w lim lim( , ,1) lim( , ,1 ) ( , ,0) T t t t T t T p at bt a b t a b →∞ →∞ →∞ = = = ( , ,1)T tp at bt= w • Ideal points !!! points at infinity well, ... ( , ,1)T a b(0,0,1)T 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 t t a a at p s t b p t b bt s t ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ = + ⇒ = + = ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ + =
- 16. Projective Space Points in the Euclidean space + Points at infinity Positions Vectors Positions and vectors are treated homogeneously!!! ( , , ) , 0T x y w w ≠ ( , , ) , 0T x y w w =
- 17. 0 0 0 0 lim lim( , ,1) lim( , ,1 ) ( , ,0) T t t t T t p at x bt y a x t b y t t a b →∞ →∞ →∞ ′ = + + = + + = 0 0( , ,1)T tp at x bt y′ = + + 0 0( , ,1)T x y ( , ,1)T tp at bt= (0,0,1)T ( , ,1)T a b lim lim( , ,1) lim( , ,1 ) ( , ,0)T T T t t t t p at bt a b t a b →∞ →∞ →∞ = = =
- 18. In a Euclidean space two lines intersect each other If they are not parallel Non-homogeneous treatment !!!∴ However, in a projective space, two lines do always intersects. ∴ Homogeneous treatment !!!
- 19. A B No orientation !!! BA = ∴ However, Why?
- 20. For detail treatment of this subject, see M. Penna and R. Patterson, Projective Geometry and its Application to Computer Graphics, 1986.
- 21. rotation scaling translation perspective transform P 'P T ' where ' [ ', ', '] , [ , , ] . T T P TP P x y w P x y w = = = 2D Transformation Matrices = ihg fed cba T X 'X
- 22. Now, uniform treatment !!! Rotation Scaling Translation − = 1100 0cossin 0sincos ' ' ' y x w y x θθ θθ = 1100 00 00 ' ' ' y x S S w y x y x = 1100 10 01 ' ' ' y x T T w y x y x
- 23. ]][]...[[][ ][ ]][]...[[' 12 12 TTTT PT PTTTP n n = = = composite transformation matrix HomeworkHomework 4. Composite Transformations
- 24. ( , )T F Fx y (a) Original position of object and fixed point (b) Translate object so that fixed point (xF, yF) is at origin (c) Scale object with respect to origin (d) Translate object so that fixed point is returned to position (xF, yF)T ( , )T F Fx y ][ rT ][ cS 1 ][ − rT
- 25. ( , )T R Rx y (a) Original position of object and pivot point (b) Translation of object so that the pivot point (xR, yR) is at origin (c) Rotation about origin (d) Translation of object so that the pivot point is returned to position (xR, yR)T ( , )T R Rx y ][ rT ][ tR 1 ][ − rT
- 27. Why if Sx = Sy ?
- 28. x y (0, 0)T (1, 0)T (1, 1)T (0, 1)T x y (0, 0)T (3/2, 1/2)T (2, 2)T (1/2, 3/2)T 45° Sx = 1 Sy = 2
- 29. Final Position Final Position (a) [Rt][Tr] (b) [Tr][Rt]
- 30. Reflection 1 2 3 1’ 2’ 3’ Original position Reflected position − 100 010 001 1 2 3 1’ 2’ 3’ Original position Reflected position − 100 010 001 x x y y 5. Reflection and Shearing
- 33. − − 100 001 010 1 2 3 1’ 2’3’ Original position Reflected position x yy = -x
- 34. (a) (b) (c) (0, 0) (0, 0) (0, 0)(1, 0) (1, 1) (0, 1) (1, 0) (3, 1)(2, 1) (0, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) x y x y x y 100 010 01 xSH 100 01 001 ySH Shearing
- 35. (a) (b) Raster method for transformation