Angular UI Testing with Protractor

Nov 13, 2014Download as pptx, pdf

6 likes6,011 views

The document discusses UI testing using Protractor, covering the setup of Protractor with Selenium WebDriver, configuration files, and how to write and run tests. Key points include the importance of avoiding complex selectors, the use of stable IDs, and the balance between test coverage and test maintainability. Additionally, it emphasizes the necessity of testing against a clean state and the challenges of managing brittle tests.

UI Testing with Protractor
Andrew Eisenberg
Tasktop Technologies

About me
• PhD from UBC
• SpringSource/VMware/Pivotal
– Spring, Groovy, AspectJ, JS (IDE and languages)
• Tasktop
– Platform and Apps teams

Kinds of testing
• Unit testing
• Integration testing
– UI Testing
• System testing
Using Protractor

How Protractor works
• Selenium Server to manage browsers
• Selenium WebDriver to invoke browser APIs
• Protractor node app to run tests
• Jasmine, etc as test framework

How to run Protractor
• Protractor config file:
exports.config = {
onPrepare: function () { … },
capabilities: {'browserName’:'firefox’},
specs: ['../tests/*.spec.js'],
baseUrl: 'http://localhost:8080/’,
jasmineNodeOpts: { … },
// and many more options
}
• To launch:
protractor protractor.conf.js

The first test
describe('HomePage', function () {
it('should be the default page',
function () {
browser.get(browser.baseUrl);
expect(browser
.getCurrentUrl())
.toEqual(browser.baseUrl
+ 'projectsinfo');
});
});

The PageObject pattern
• Models the services exported by a page
LoginPage.prototype = {
isLoggedIn : function() { … },
logout : function() { … },
login : function() { … },
cancelLogin : function() { … }
}

Debugging!
Add to script:
browser.debugger();
Launch in debug mode:
protractor debug protractor.conf.js

Avoid complex selectors
Bad
element(by.cssContainingText(‘table.data tr.user td.name’,
‘Jane’);
element(by.repeater(‘option as option.label for option in
field.options track by (option.value + option.label)’);
Good
element(by.cssContainingText(‘.name’, ‘Jane’);
element(by.css (‘#name-Jane’);
element(by.css(‘#options’));

Selectors are brittle
• ids most stable
– easy to fix when they change
– consider dynamically generated ids
• but be careful they are always valid and unique
– Should be namespaced by directive
• but…what if directive repeated multiple times?
• OK to refactor base code
– make it more testable
– expose ids

Impossible to test everything
• Too many corner cases
• Happy path
• A few corner cases
• Any interesting interactions
• More complex tests are more brittle
• Trade-off:
– time spent writing/maintaining tests vs code

Your tests will be
Incomplete and
Brittle
Deal with it.

State & Reproducibility
• Better to test against clean state
• Better to tear down before each test
• Can be slow to clean
• Tests should not make assumptions about
clean state

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Twitter: @werdnagreb

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1. UI Testing with Protractor Andrew Eisenberg Tasktop Technologies

2. About me • PhD from UBC • SpringSource/VMware/Pivotal – Spring, Groovy, AspectJ, JS (IDE and languages) • Tasktop – Platform and Apps teams

3. Kinds of testing • Unit testing • Integration testing – UI Testing • System testing Using Protractor

4. How Protractor works • Selenium Server to manage browsers • Selenium WebDriver to invoke browser APIs • Protractor node app to run tests • Jasmine, etc as test framework

5. How to run Protractor • Protractor config file: exports.config = { onPrepare: function () { … }, capabilities: {'browserName’:'firefox’}, specs: ['../tests/*.spec.js'], baseUrl: 'http://localhost:8080/’, jasmineNodeOpts: { … }, // and many more options } • To launch: protractor protractor.conf.js

6. The first test describe('HomePage', function () { it('should be the default page', function () { browser.get(browser.baseUrl); expect(browser .getCurrentUrl()) .toEqual(browser.baseUrl + 'projectsinfo'); }); });

7. The PageObject pattern • Models the services exported by a page LoginPage.prototype = { isLoggedIn : function() { … }, logout : function() { … }, login : function() { … }, cancelLogin : function() { … } }

8. Secretly, everything is a promise

9. Debugging! Add to script: browser.debugger(); Launch in debug mode: protractor debug protractor.conf.js

10. SOME THINGS I LEARNED

11. Avoid complex selectors Bad element(by.cssContainingText(‘table.data tr.user td.name’, ‘Jane’); element(by.repeater(‘option as option.label for option in field.options track by (option.value + option.label)’); Good element(by.cssContainingText(‘.name’, ‘Jane’); element(by.css (‘#name-Jane’); element(by.css(‘#options’));

12. Selectors are brittle • ids most stable – easy to fix when they change – consider dynamically generated ids • but be careful they are always valid and unique – Should be namespaced by directive • but…what if directive repeated multiple times? • OK to refactor base code – make it more testable – expose ids

13. Impossible to test everything • Too many corner cases • Happy path • A few corner cases • Any interesting interactions • More complex tests are more brittle • Trade-off: – time spent writing/maintaining tests vs code

14. Your tests will be Incomplete and Brittle Deal with it.

15. State & Reproducibility • Better to test against clean state • Better to tear down before each test • Can be slow to clean • Tests should not make assumptions about clean state

16. UI Testing with Protractor Andrew Eisenberg Twitter: @werdnagreb

Angular UI Testing with Protractor

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