Arduino Workshop
- 1. An Arduino Workshop By: Andrew Tuline
- 2. Overview • • • • • • Introductions Check out the kits Do the drivers work? Experiment time Some reference material Create your own project If you like, you can go at your own pace
- 3. Introductions Work on your own or work as a team, and help each other out.
- 4. Open ‘er Up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 1 pcs x for Arduino UNO board 1 pcs x Development expansion board 1 pcs x Breadboard 5 pcs x LED kit (red / blue / yellow) 1 pcs x 74hc595 2 pcs x Buzzers 1 pcs x Seven-segment display (1-digit) 1 pcs x Seven-segment display (4-digit) ~10 pcs x Push button switches 3 pcs x Light dependent resistors 5 pcs x 10K resistors 5 pcs x 1K resistors ~8 pcs x 220R resistors 1 pcs x Adjustable resistor 1 pcs x LM35 temperature sensor 1 pcs x 1602 LCD display 1pcs x PS2 joystick 1 pcs x Stepping motor 1 pcs x Stepping motor driver board 1 pcs x Steering engine (servo) 1 pcs x RGB LED module ~30 pcs x Breadboard cables ~10 pcs x Dupont lines 1 pcs x 2.54mm pin header 2 pcs x Mercury switches 1 pcs x Flame sensor 1 pcs x Infrared receiver 1 pcs x USB cable (80cm) 1 pcs x Remote control 1 pcs x Battery case Err . . most of it should be there.
- 5. The Official Arduino Robot > $300 Or you can build your own for less Do a Google search for ‘Sumobot’.
- 6. Installing Arduino DE • On Windows 7 • Installs to C:Program Files (x86)Arduino • Your programs are in C:UsersuseridDocumentsArduino • ‘Tools | Board’ should say ‘Arduino UNO’ • In Device Manager, see ‘Ports (COM & LPT)’ • Device drivers in C:Program Files (x86)ArduinodriversFTDI USB Drivers You running 32 bit or 64 bit?
- 7. Touring the IDE • ‘File | Examples’ includes lots of examples • ‘File | Upload’ is how we compile and upload our program to the Arduino • ‘Help | Reference’ includes a local copy of the Language Reference
- 8. A Breadboard
- 10. Simple Layout 1) Connect the power bus first. 2) Add the LED and resistor. 3) Connect them to the power bus.
- 11. Ohm’s Law Current = Volts / Resistance or I=E/R If we have a 5 volt battery and a 200 ohm resistor. 5 volts / 200 ohms = .025 amps The higher the resistance, the lower the current.
- 12. Don’t Blow It Up • • • • An LED needs about 1.4 volts to light up. An LED should run at around .02 amps. If you put 5V into an LED, it could burn out. We’ll need a resistor to reduce the voltage and ensure adequate current. 5V - 1.4V = 3.6V I = E / R is the same as R = E / I R = 3.6 / .02 = 180 ohms
- 13. Blinky LED Layout Move the red wire from 5V to pin 13.
- 14. Blinky LED Code What happens if you move the red wire to 5V and the black to pin 13.
- 15. Button Schematic We’ll light up the internal LED when the switch is pushed.
- 16. Button Layout Why the 10K resistor?
- 17. Button Code /* Button */ const int buttonPin = 2; const int ledPin = 13; // the number of the pushbutton pin // the number of the LED pin int buttonState = 0; // variable for reading the pushbutton status void setup() { pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT); } void loop() { buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin); // read the state of the pushbutton value if (buttonState == HIGH) { digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); } else { digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); } } You can make this code a lot shorter!
- 18. Analog vs. Digital Analog outputs are expensive!
- 19. Analog vs. PWM Signals PWM is cheap to implement!
- 20. Fade Schematic
- 21. Fade Layout
- 22. Fade Code /* Fade */ int led = 9; int brightness = 0; int fadeAmount = 5; // the pin that the LED is attached to // how bright the LED is // how many points to fade the LED by void setup() { pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } // declare pin 9 to be an output void loop() { analogWrite(led, brightness); // set the brightness of pin 9 (it’s not really analog) brightness = brightness + fadeAmount; if (brightness == 0 || brightness == 255) { fadeAmount = -fadeAmount ; } // reverse the direction of the fading at the ends of the fade delay(30); } // change the brightness for next time through the loop // wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
- 23. Analog Read Schematic Try both the potentiometer and the joystick for this experiment.
- 25. Analog Read Code /* Analog Read */ void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); } // initialize console output at 9600 bits per second // Press ctrl-shift-m to bring up the console void loop() { int sensorValue = analogRead(A0); Serial.println(sensorValue); delay(10); } // read the input on analog pin 0 // print out the value you read // delay in between reads for stability The potentiometer is logarithmic while the joystick is linear.
- 26. Potentiometer Fader • The joystick provides values between 0 – 1023 • The LED takes values between 0 – 255 • We need to scale to fit ledValue = map(joystickValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255); Either divide the sensor value by 4 OR Use the ‘map’ command
- 28. Potentiometer Fader Code /* Potentiometer Fader */ const int analogInPin = A0; const int analogOutPin = 9; // Analog input pin that the potentiometer is attached to // Analog output pin that the LED is attached to int sensorValue = 0; int outputValue = 0; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { sensorValue = analogRead(analogInPin); outputValue = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255); analogWrite(analogOutPin, outputValue); Serial.println(outputValue); delay(2); } You could also use the joystick to change the frequency of the fade!
- 29. Fader Variations • Hook up the RGB LED (common cathode) • Use the x/y of the joystick to control brightness and fade speed • Use the button to change colours • Adjust the map ranges • Create a colour cycling fader
- 30. Light and Sound Schematic
- 31. Light and Sound Code /* Light and Sound */ void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { int sensorReading = analogRead(A0); Serial.println(sensorReading); // map the analog input range (in this case, ~80 - 310 from the photo resistor) // to the output pitch range (100 - 1000Hz) int thisPitch = map(sensorReading, 80, 310, 100, 1000); tone(9, thisPitch); delay(1); // play the pitch on pin 9 // delay in between reads for stability } Not quite the same value resistors as on the web site – so fudge it!
- 32. Additional Experiments • • • • • • • LCD display Servo Stepper motor Temperature sensor Tilt sensor Shift register IR sensor There’s thousands online!
- 33. Now THIS Is A Breadboard
- 34. More Cool Parts and Kits • • • • • • • • Ultrasonic Sensor Motor driver board Robot chassis LED Strips 8x8 LED display Color organ board Electroluminescent wire Ardupilot You’ve still got to program it!
- 35. Tools • • • • • • • • Needle nose pliers Multi-meter Wire strippers Wire cutter Soldering iron + solder + flux + wick Vise 3rd hand Oscilloscope (for those with $$$) I need strong reading glasses and good light!
- 36. Arduino Tutorials • • • • • arduino.cc/tutorial playground.arduino.cc tronixstuff.com/tutorials learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials oomlout.com/a/products/ardx Don’t forget the examples included with the Arduino software
- 38. Sources for Parts • • • • • • • www.robotshop.ca www.sparkfun.com www.leeselectronics.com www.adafruit.com www.ebay.ca www.amazon.com www.dealextreme.com A VISA card helps
- 40. University
- 42. Make Something