Arduino - Peripherals and interface
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1. The document discusses various interfaces that can be used with an Arduino board including LEDs, tactile switches, analog inputs, interrupts, timers, relays, LCD displays, and sensors. 2. Interface pinouts are provided for the Arduino board as well as circuit diagrams showing examples of how components like LEDs, buttons, and sensors can be connected. 3. Key aspects of different interfaces like analog inputs, interrupts, and timers are explained at a high level including their uses, classifications, and how interrupt handling works on microcontrollers.
Arduino - Peripherals and interface
- 1. Team Emertxe Arduino Peripherals and Interfaces
- 2. Interfaces
- 3. Arduino Interface – What? A shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information Source: wiki
- 6. Arduino Interface - LEDs ● Simplest device used in most on the embedded applications as feedback ● Works just like diodes ● Low energy consumption, longer life, smaller size, faster switching make it usable in wide application fields like – Home lighting, – Remote Controls, Surveillance, – Displays and many more!!
- 9. Arduino Interface - Tactile Switches ● Provides simple and cheap interface ● Comes in different shapes and sizes ● Preferable if the no of user inputs are less ● Some common application of tactile keys are – HMI – Mobile Phones – Computer Mouse etc,.
- 10. Arduino Interface - Tactile Switches SW1 R2 R1 GND 3.3V GPIO15 VINGNDD13D12D14D27D26D25D33D32D35D34VNVPEN D15D2D4RX2TX2D5D18D19D21RX0TX0D223V3GNDD23 VIN EN EN BOOT SW2 R3 GPIO16
- 11. Analog Input
- 12. Arduino Interface – Analog Inputs ● Very important peripheral in embedded systems for real time activities ● The controller understands only digital signals, so an real time linear signals have to be converted into digital form ● Multiplexed with GPIO ● Comes with different architecture, SAR is most commonly used
- 13. Arduino Interface - Analog Inputs - Potentiometer VINGNDD13D12D14D27D26D25D33D32D35D34VNVPEN D15D2D4RX2TX2D5D18D19D21RX0TX0D223V3GNDD23 VIN EN EN BOOT GND 3.3V AD2_C0 R1
- 14. Interrupts
- 15. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt - Contents ● Basic Concepts ● Interrupt Source ● Interrupt Classification ● Interrupt Handling
- 16. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Basic Concept ● An interrupt is a communication process set up in a microprocessor or microcontroller in which: – An internal or external device requests the MPU to stop the processing – The MPU acknowledges the request – Attends to the request – Goes back to processing where it was interrupted ● Polling
- 17. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Vs Polling ● Events Detection ● Response ● Power Management
- 18. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Sources ● Timers ● External ● Peripherals
- 19. Interrupts Hardware Software Non Maskable Maskable External Internal Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Classifications
- 20. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Handling 0x0000 0x0001 0x0002 i i + 1 Super Loop Interrupt Handler Interrupt Occurs Here
- 21. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Handling - ISR ● Similar to a subroutine ● When an interrupt occurs, the MPU: – Completes the instruction being executed – Disables global interrupt enable – Places the address from the program counter on the stack ● Attends to the request of an interrupting source – Clears the interrupt flag – Should save register contents that may be affected by the code in the ISR – Must be terminated with the instruction RETFIE ● Return from interrupt
- 22. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Handling - ISR ● What / What Not
- 23. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Handling - ISR ● Latency is determined by: – Instruction time (how long is the longest) – How much of the context must be saved – How much of the context must be restored – The effort to implement priority scheme – Time spend executing protected code
- 24. Arduino Peripheral – Interrupt – Interface SW1 R2 R1 GND 3.3V GPIO15 VINGNDD13D12D14D27D26D25D33D32D35D34VNVPEN D15D2D4RX2TX2D5D18D19D21RX0TX0D223V3GNDD23 VIN EN EN BOOT SW2 R3 GPIO16
- 25. Timers
- 26. Arduino Peripherals - Timers ● Resolution Register Width ● Tick Up Count or Down Count ● Quantum System Clock settings ● Scaling Pre or Post ● Modes – Counter – PWM or Pulse Generator – PW or PP Measurement etc.,
- 27. Arduino Peripherals – Timers - Example ● Requirement – 5 pulses of 8 µsecs ● Resolution – 8 Bit ● Quantum – 1 µsecs ● General
- 28. Arduino Peripherals – Timers - Example Timer Register Overflows 28μs 20μs 12μs 4μs
- 29. Relay
- 30. Arduino Interface - Relay ● Most commonly used electromechanical switch ● Uses a electromagnet to operate ● Used to control high power devices using low power signal ● Provides isolation between the control and controlled circuit – Home Automation, – Automotive applications – Industrial application and many more !!
- 33. CLCD
- 34. Arduino Interface - CLCD ● Most commonly used display ASCII characters ● Some customization in symbols possible ● Communication Modes – 8 Bit Mode – 4 Bit Mode
- 36. Sensors
- 37. DHT11
- 38. Arduino Interface – Sensors - DHT11 ● A cheap and very simple sensor to measure Temperature and Humidity ● It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and sends digital signal on the data pin
- 39. Arduino Interface - Sensors - DHT11 VINGNDD13D12D14D27D26D25D33D32D35D34VNVPEN D15D2D4RX2TX2D5D18D19D21RX0TX0D223V3GNDD23 VIN EN EN BOOT GND 3.3V GPIO16 U1 1-Vcc 2–Data 3–NC 4–Gnd DHT11 R1
- 40. Thank You