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Programming techniques(1)
Lab #1
What is a program?
• The simplest definition is to view algorithm as a set of steps that
define how a task is performed.
• Computer programs, known as software, are instructions that tell a
computer what to do. It is a representation of an algorithm is called a
program.
• The process of developing a program is known as “Programming”
What is a programing language?
• Computers do not understand human languages, so programs must
be written in a language a computer can use.
• A programming language is a special language used to write
computer programs.
• Categories of programming language:
• Machine Language
• Assembly Language
• High-Level Language
MACHINE LANGUAGE
• a set of built-in primitive instructions. These instructions are in the
form of binary code.
• The native language of the computer (understand directly) but are
very difficult to read and modify.
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
• It uses a short descriptive word to represent each of the
machine-language instructions.
• Ex: add 2, 3, result
• An instruction in assembly language essentially corresponds to an
instruction in machine code. Writing in assembly requires that you
know how the CPU works.
• Because the computer cannot execute assembly language, another
program—called an Assembler—is used to translate assembly-
language programs into machine code.
HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE
• They are platform independent, which means that you can write a
program in a high-level language and run it in different types of machines.
High-level languages are English-like and easy to learn and use like : Java
• A program written in a high-level language is called a source program or
source code.
• a source program must be translated into machine code for execution.
The translation can be done using another programming tool called an
Interpreter or a Compiler.
• An interpreter reads one statement from the source code, translates it to the
machine code or virtual machine code, and then executes it right away.
• A compiler translates the entire source code into a machine-code file, and
the machine-code file is then executed
INTERPRETER VS COMPILER
Sample progam
Lifecycle of java program
• You save a Java program in a .java file and
compile it into a .class file. The .class file is
executed by the Java Virtual Machine( .
Java source code is compiled into Java
bytecode and Java bytecode is interpreted
by the JVM.)
• JVM(Java Virtual Machine): is a program
that interprets Java bytecode.
• one of Java’s primary advantages: Java
bytecode can run on a variety of
hardware platforms and operating
systems.
Numeric Operators
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basic programming introduction about java

  • 2. What is a program? • The simplest definition is to view algorithm as a set of steps that define how a task is performed. • Computer programs, known as software, are instructions that tell a computer what to do. It is a representation of an algorithm is called a program. • The process of developing a program is known as “Programming”
  • 3. What is a programing language? • Computers do not understand human languages, so programs must be written in a language a computer can use. • A programming language is a special language used to write computer programs. • Categories of programming language: • Machine Language • Assembly Language • High-Level Language
  • 4. MACHINE LANGUAGE • a set of built-in primitive instructions. These instructions are in the form of binary code. • The native language of the computer (understand directly) but are very difficult to read and modify.
  • 5. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE • It uses a short descriptive word to represent each of the machine-language instructions. • Ex: add 2, 3, result • An instruction in assembly language essentially corresponds to an instruction in machine code. Writing in assembly requires that you know how the CPU works. • Because the computer cannot execute assembly language, another program—called an Assembler—is used to translate assembly- language programs into machine code.
  • 6. HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE • They are platform independent, which means that you can write a program in a high-level language and run it in different types of machines. High-level languages are English-like and easy to learn and use like : Java • A program written in a high-level language is called a source program or source code. • a source program must be translated into machine code for execution. The translation can be done using another programming tool called an Interpreter or a Compiler. • An interpreter reads one statement from the source code, translates it to the machine code or virtual machine code, and then executes it right away. • A compiler translates the entire source code into a machine-code file, and the machine-code file is then executed
  • 9. Lifecycle of java program • You save a Java program in a .java file and compile it into a .class file. The .class file is executed by the Java Virtual Machine( . Java source code is compiled into Java bytecode and Java bytecode is interpreted by the JVM.) • JVM(Java Virtual Machine): is a program that interprets Java bytecode. • one of Java’s primary advantages: Java bytecode can run on a variety of hardware platforms and operating systems.