C Programming: Basic Structure of C Program

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The document outlines the basic structure of a C program, which is divided into six essential sections: documentation, preprocessor section, definition, global declaration, main() function, and subprograms. It emphasizes the importance of a well-structured program for readability, modification, and easier debugging. Each section has specific roles, such as declaring header files, defining constants, and executing the main program functions.

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Structure of
C Program
Prof. Navya Francis
Asst. Professor
Kristu Jayanti College

Basic Structure Of A C Program
• The basic structure of a C program is divided into 6 parts
which makes it easy to read, modify, document, and
understand in a particular format.
• C program must follow the below-mentioned outline in
order to successfully compile and execute.
• Debugging is easier in a well-structured C program.

Sections of the C Program
There are 6 basic sections responsible for the proper
execution of a program. Sections are mentioned below:
1.Documentation
2.Preprocessor Section
3.Definition
4.Global Declaration
5.Main() Function
6.Sub Programs

1. Documentation
• This section consists of the description of the program, the
name of the program, and the creation date and time of the
program. It is specified at the start of the program in the
form of comments.
• Documentation can be represented as:
or
// description, name of the program, programmer name, date, time etc.
// description, name of the program, programmer name, date, time etc.
// description, name of the program, programmer name, date, time etc.

2. Preprocessor Section
• All the header files of the program will be declared in
the preprocessor section of the program.
• Header files help us to access other’s improved code into
our code.
• A copy of these multiple files is inserted into our program
before the process of compilation.
• Example:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

3. Definition
• Preprocessors are the programs that process our source
code before the process of compilation.
• There are multiple steps which are involved in the writing
and execution of the program.
• Preprocessor directives start with the ‘#’ symbol.
• The #define preprocessor is used to create a constant
throughout the program.
• Whenever this name is encountered by the compiler, it is
replaced by the actual piece of defined code.
• Example:
#define long long 11

4. Global Declaration
• The global declaration section contains global variables,
function declaration, and static variables.
• Variables and functions which are declared in this scope can
be used anywhere in the program.
• Example:
Int num=18;

5. Main() Function
• Every C program must have a main function.
• The main() function of the program is written in this section.
• Operations like declaration and execution are performed inside the
curly braces of the main program.
• The return type of the main() function can be int as well as void too.
void() main tells the compiler that the program will not return any
value.
• The int main() tells the compiler that the program will return an integer
value.
• Example:
Void main() or int main()

6. Sub Programs
• User-defined functions are called in this section of the program.
• The control of the program is shifted to the called function
whenever they are called from the main or outside the main()
function.
• These are specified as per the requirements of the programmer.
• Example:
Int sum(int x, int y)
{
Return (x+y);
}

Structure of C Program
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello C Programmingn");
return 0;
}

The document describes the basic structure of a C program, which is divided into 6 sections: documentation, preprocessor, definition, global declaration, main() function, and sub programs. It provides examples of code for each section, with the documentation section containing comments describing the program, the preprocessor section declaring header files, the definition section containing preprocessor directives, the global declaration section declaring global variables and functions, the main() function containing the main logic, and the sub programs section defining additional functions. Well-structured C programs with clearly delineated sections are easier to read, modify, and debug.

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C Programming: Basic Structure of C Program

1. Structure of C Program Prof. Navya Francis Asst. Professor Kristu Jayanti College

2. Basic Structure Of A C Program • The basic structure of a C program is divided into 6 parts which makes it easy to read, modify, document, and understand in a particular format. • C program must follow the below-mentioned outline in order to successfully compile and execute. • Debugging is easier in a well-structured C program.

3. Sections of the C Program There are 6 basic sections responsible for the proper execution of a program. Sections are mentioned below: 1.Documentation 2.Preprocessor Section 3.Definition 4.Global Declaration 5.Main() Function 6.Sub Programs

4. 1. Documentation • This section consists of the description of the program, the name of the program, and the creation date and time of the program. It is specified at the start of the program in the form of comments. • Documentation can be represented as: or // description, name of the program, programmer name, date, time etc. // description, name of the program, programmer name, date, time etc. // description, name of the program, programmer name, date, time etc.

5. 2. Preprocessor Section • All the header files of the program will be declared in the preprocessor section of the program. • Header files help us to access other’s improved code into our code. • A copy of these multiple files is inserted into our program before the process of compilation. • Example: #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h>

6. 3. Definition • Preprocessors are the programs that process our source code before the process of compilation. • There are multiple steps which are involved in the writing and execution of the program. • Preprocessor directives start with the ‘#’ symbol. • The #define preprocessor is used to create a constant throughout the program. • Whenever this name is encountered by the compiler, it is replaced by the actual piece of defined code. • Example: #define long long 11

7. 4. Global Declaration • The global declaration section contains global variables, function declaration, and static variables. • Variables and functions which are declared in this scope can be used anywhere in the program. • Example: Int num=18;

8. 5. Main() Function • Every C program must have a main function. • The main() function of the program is written in this section. • Operations like declaration and execution are performed inside the curly braces of the main program. • The return type of the main() function can be int as well as void too. void() main tells the compiler that the program will not return any value. • The int main() tells the compiler that the program will return an integer value. • Example: Void main() or int main()

9. 6. Sub Programs • User-defined functions are called in this section of the program. • The control of the program is shifted to the called function whenever they are called from the main or outside the main() function. • These are specified as per the requirements of the programmer. • Example: Int sum(int x, int y) { Return (x+y); }

10. Structure of C Program #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf("Hello C Programmingn"); return 0; }

11. THANK YOU

C Programming: Basic Structure of C Program

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