C Programming : data types and types of variable.pptx

C Programming
By
Mrs. B. Dhivya M.C.A., M.Phil.,
Technical Trainer / Assistant Professor, CTPCR
Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore.
Data Types and Variables

Data types in C
• Each variable in C has an associated data type.
It specifies the type of data that the variable
can store .
• Each data type requires different amounts of
memory.

Why Data Types?
• Every variable must have a type.
• Every variable should get some space in the
memory.
• Help the compiler decide how many bits
should be reserved for a variable.

Datatypes in C
• Primary datatype
• Derived datatype
• User defined datatype

Integer Data Type
• Range: -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
• Size: 4 bytes
• Format Specifier: %d
eg:
int var_name;
int a;

Character Data Type
• Character data type allows its variable to store
only a single character.
• Range: (-128 to 127) or (0 to 255)
• Size: 1 byte
• Format Specifier: %c
Eg:
char var_name;
char a;

Float Data Type
Float in C is used to store decimal and exponential values.
Range: 1.2E-38 to 3.4E+38
Size: 4 bytes
Format Specifier: %f
Eg:
float a;

Double Data Type
Double has more precision as compared to that float
then it is much more obvious that it occupies twice the
memory occupied by the floating-point type.
Range: 1.7E-308 to 1.7E+308
Size: 8 bytes
Format Specifier: %lf
Eg:
double var_name;
double a;

Void Data Type
•The void data type in C is used to specify that no value is
present. It does not provide a result value to its caller.
•It has no values and no operations.
// function return type void
void exit(int check);
// Function without any parameter can accept void.
int print(void);
// memory allocation function which
// returns a pointer to void.
void *malloc (size_t size);

Size of Data Types in C
•The size of the data types in C is dependent on the size of the
architecture.
•sizeof() operator to check the size of the data types.
Eg:
printf("Size of int: %zu bytesn", sizeof(int));

Derived data types
• Array
•Pointers
•Structures
•Union

Userdefined data types
• function
•Enum
•Type def

Variables in C
•A variable is a name of the memory location. It
is used to store data. Its value can be changed,
and it can be reused many times.
Eg;
int a;
float b;
char d;

Types of Variables in C
There are many types of variables in c:
•local variable
•global variable
•static variable
•automatic variable
•external variable

Output?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[10];
double dArr[5];
printf("Size of arr: %zu bytesn", sizeof(arr));
printf("Size of dArr: %zu bytesn", sizeof(dArr));
return 0;
}
Output:
Size of arr: 40 bytes
Size of dArr: 40 bytes

Output?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Size of int: %zu bytesn", sizeof(int));
printf("Size of char: %zu byten", sizeof(char));
printf("Size of float: %zu bytesn", sizeof(float));
printf("Size of double: %zu bytesn", sizeof(double));
return 0;
} Output:
Size of int: 4 bytes
Size of char: 1 byte
Size of float: 4 bytes
Size of double: 8 bytes

Output?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int x = 10;
double y = 12.34;
char z = 'A';
printf("Size of x: %zu bytesn", sizeof(x));
printf("Size of y: %zu bytesn", sizeof(y));
printf("Size of z: %zu byten", sizeof(z));
return 0;
}
Output:
Size of x: 4 bytes
Size of y: 8 bytes
Size of z: 1 byte

Predict the Output or error of the C Program
1) #include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int x = 2147483647;
x = x + 1;
printf("%dn", x);
return 0;
}
A) Compiler Error
B) -2147483648
C) 2147483648
D) Undefined Behavior
Output:
-2147483648
it overflows and wraps
around to the minimum
value of a signed int, which
is -2147483648.
This is an example of signed
integer overflow.

int main() {
unsigned int x = 4294967295;
x = x + 1;
printf("%un", x);
return 0;
}
Output:
0

3. #include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int x = 5 / 2;
printf("%dn", x);
return 0;
}
A) 2
B) 2.5
C) 2.0
D) Compiler Error
Answer: A) 2

int main() {
int x = -3 % 2;
printf("%dn", x);
return 0;
}
A) -1
B) 1
C) 0
D) Compiler Error
Answer: -1

int main() {
float x = 1.1;
printf("%fn", x);
return 0;
}
A) 1.1
B) 1.100000
C) Compiler Error
Answer:
1.100000

int main() {
float x = 0.1;
if (x == 0.1)
printf("Equaln");
else
printf("Not Equaln");
return 0;
}
Answer:
Not equal

int main() {
float x = 1.0 / 0.0;
printf("%fn", x);
return 0;
}
Answer:
Infinity

int main() {
float x = 0.0 / 0.0;
printf("%fn", x);
return 0;
}
Answer:
NaN ( not a number)

int main() {
double x = 1.0 / 3.0;
printf("%.10fn", x);
return 0;
}
Answer:
0.3333333333

int main() {
char ch = 'A';
printf("%cn", ch + 1);
return 0;
}
A) A
B) B
C) 66
D) Compiler Error
Answer:
B

int main() {
char ch = 128;
printf("%dn", ch);
return 0;
}
A) 128
B) -128
C) Compiler Error
Answer:
B) -128

int main()
{
float c = 5.0;
printf ("Temperature in Fahrenheit is %.2f",
(9/5)*c + 32);
return 0;
}
(A) Temperature in Fahrenheit is 41.00
(B) Temperature in Fahrenheit is 37.00
(C) Temperature in Fahrenheit is 0.00
(D) Compiler Error
Answer:
B)

Assessment 1
1. Program to check if the given number is prime or not.
2. Program to find factorial of a number in C.

C Programming : data types and types of variable.pptx

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