CODING WITH PYTHON PART 1
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This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering essential topics like printing strings, performing arithmetic operations, creating functions, and using objects and methods. It explains how to convert data types, the role of variables, and the importance of comments in code for better understanding. Additionally, it outlines the restrictions and best practices for naming variables.
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![VARIABLES IN PYTHON
■ VARIABLE NAMES
■ Variables can named anything we want, such as age, grade, marks etc. but there are some restrictions:
■ It must be one word.
■ It can use only letters, numbers, and the underscore (_) character. But characters starting with underscore are not useful.
■ It must start with a letter or underscore character and cannot start with a number). For example, a1, var and var3 are allowed
[2var, 2Y etc. are not allowed].
■ It can only contains alphanumeric characters and underscores (A-Z, 0-9, and _). For example, name, name2, my_name and
myName are all allowed.
■ Is case-sensitive. For example, name and NAME are two different variables.
■ Other guidelines that are helpful when choosing variable names:
■ In general, people usually use snake case (examples - var, my_age, favorite_number) or camel case (examples - var, myAge,
favoriteNumber) when naming variables.
■ Descriptive variable names will make it easier to avoid mistakes, and easier to fix mistakes when you do make them. For
example, my_age is a much better variable name than n.
We can use variables in functions too: But what if we used the wrong name?
name = "Diesel"
print(len(name))
city = "Phoenix"
print(ctiy)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/codingwithpythonpart1-200331060705/85/CODING-WITH-PYTHON-PART-1-16-320.jpg)
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- 2. WHICH PROGRAM TO USE? • I have used Jupyter notebook from Anaconda navigator. • I find it easy to use and user friendly. • It needs Mozilla firefox to be installed • But it takes a lot of time to download and installed (some 15 to 25 minutes based on the speed of your PC) but once installed it is quick to use.
- 3. THE INTERFACE WILL BE AS FOLLOWS
- 4. I WILL NOT EXPLAINED HOW TO INSTALL THIS SOFTWARE YOU CAN GET A DEMONSTRATION ON YOUTUBE
- 5. LIST OF ALL ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS SUPPORTED BY PYTHON.TRYTHE FOLLOWING MEANING OUTPUT 2 + 3 * 6 20 (2 + 3) * 6 30 2 ** 8 256 23 // 7 Integer division (fractional part ignored) 3 23%7 Modulo (remainder left after division) 2 (5 - 1) * ((7 + 1) / (3 - 1)) 16.0 DATATYPES DataType Examples Integers -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Floating-point numbers -1.25, -1.0, --0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.25 Strings 'a', 'aa', 'aaa', 'Hello!', '11 cats'
- 6. TO PRINT CHARACTERS TYPETHE FOLLOWING: print('c') OR print("c") Surround characters with single quotes (') or double quotes ("), A whole string of characters can be output like the one below print('Hello, PYTHON PROGRAMMING IS FUN’) You can also print a string of numbers. Print(‘1+2+3+4+5’) TRYTHE FOLLOWING: print your full name print your age print your address Note1:Without the quotes you will get an error message Note2: Letter ‘p’ in print must be in lowercase
- 7. ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS COMMANDS EXPLANATION OUTPUT print(2 + 3) Addition 5 print(4 * 5) Multiplication 20 print(5 - 1) Subtraction 4 print(40 / 8) Division 5 print(2 ** 3) Power 8 print(25//7) Integer division (fractional part ignored) 2 print (25%7) Modulo (remainder left after division) 4
- 8. STRING CONCATENATION – (add two strings) Two strings can also be added together. It just means that the two strings are strung together. Try this: ■ print("Hi everyone " + "Have fun with python programming") ■ print("Hi everyone " + "Have fun with python programming") Try replicating more than two strung
- 9. STRING REPLICATION ■ (‘PYTHON’ )*5 ■ print("PYTHON PROGRAMMING IS FUN" * 3) ■ print("Hi there " + ("Fun programming " * 3) + "!") ■ print("Hi there programming is fun" + "!" * 10) If you need to put an apostrophe inside your string, you have two ways to do it. Using double quotes: ■ print(“Isn’t possible") ■ or escaping the apostrophe with a backslash (). ■ print(‘Isn’t possible')
- 10. PRINT IN UPPERCASE ■ print('hello'.upper() * 3 + 'hi'.upper() * 3) ■ print('hello'.upper() * 3 + 'hi'.upper()) ■ print('HELLO'.upper() * 3 + 'hi') ■ print('HELLO' * 4 + 'hi'.upper())
- 11. PYTHON FUNCTIONS ■ A function is a block of code which only runs when it is called. ■ Data known as parameters, can be passed data, into a function. ■ A function can return data as a result. ■ Remember: print() prints the value an expression evaluates to? ■ The print() is a "function". It accepts parameters within the parentheses, and does some operations on them. ■ The print(), just prints the value of the expression we give it as a parameter within the parentheses. A function to know the number of characters in a name: ■ print(len("Guido van Rossum ")) ■ print(len("python programming is fun ")) ■ print(len("actions speak louder than words "))
- 12. PYTHON OBJECTS AND METHODS ■ An object just means that it comes with its own functions. ■ Functions which come with objects are technically called methods, and are called using a dot . after the object. ■ The strings that we've been dealing with so far are all objects — they come with their own methods. Upper() is an example of an object. TO SEE SOMETHING IN UPPERCASE LETTERS, TYPE: ■ print("guido van rossum ".upper()) ■ Note: the syntactical difference between a function and a method: ■ Call methods with a . at the end of an object (like "I like python programming".upper()), ■ but call a function with the string parameter placed in parentheses (like len("I like python programming")).
- 13. CONVERTING BETWEENTYPES How to print the number of digits in a number like 15423654? ■ If we write the code as below, what will happen. ■ print(len(15423654)) ■ Try it and you will get an error. This is because the len() function expects a string parameter, but we gave it a number. ■ Convert the number to a string before passing it to the len function, using the str() function. ■ print(str(15423654)) ■ Pass to the len() function: ■ print(len(str(15423654))) ■ The str() function can be used to convert anything to a string. ■ A similar function called int() helps us convert strings to a number. ■ Important: we can convert numbers into text, but we can't necessarily convert text into numbers – what would int('hello') be anyway?
- 14. INSERTING COMMENTS ■ Comments are lines beginning with a # and Python will ignore it. Comments can make your code easier for other people to understand. There is no need to comments for each line of code but only where something is complex. # Set the volume to 100 volume = 100 print(volume)
- 15. VARIABLES IN PYTHON ■ Variables are used to store values. Imagine a container as a variable where we can keep different things. ■ For example, a container of fruit. ■ We will create a variable and call it fruits and put the name of fruits inside it. TRYTHE FOLLOWING: “fruit” Name TRIAL1 TRIAL 2 name= “Fruit” Print (name) name = "fruit" n = 4 print(name * n) TRIAL3 TRIAL4 name = "Pineapple" name = "Orange" # change the value stored in name print(name) a = 5 a = a * 3 print(a) # Output: 15 a = a * a print(a) # Output: 225
- 16. VARIABLES IN PYTHON ■ VARIABLE NAMES ■ Variables can named anything we want, such as age, grade, marks etc. but there are some restrictions: ■ It must be one word. ■ It can use only letters, numbers, and the underscore (_) character. But characters starting with underscore are not useful. ■ It must start with a letter or underscore character and cannot start with a number). For example, a1, var and var3 are allowed [2var, 2Y etc. are not allowed]. ■ It can only contains alphanumeric characters and underscores (A-Z, 0-9, and _). For example, name, name2, my_name and myName are all allowed. ■ Is case-sensitive. For example, name and NAME are two different variables. ■ Other guidelines that are helpful when choosing variable names: ■ In general, people usually use snake case (examples - var, my_age, favorite_number) or camel case (examples - var, myAge, favoriteNumber) when naming variables. ■ Descriptive variable names will make it easier to avoid mistakes, and easier to fix mistakes when you do make them. For example, my_age is a much better variable name than n. We can use variables in functions too: But what if we used the wrong name? name = "Diesel" print(len(name)) city = "Phoenix" print(ctiy)
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