Dreamforce 13 developer session: Git for Force.com developers

Git for Force.com Developers
Managing code and Collaborating on projects
John Stevenson
Developer Evangelist
Salesforce.com
@jr0cket

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forward-looking statements.

What is this talk about
Understanding the value of Git
Taking your first steps Git
Using Git for Force.com projects
Collaborating with Git & Github

Understanding the value of Git
Manage your code changes over time
- understanding which version of your code is deployed
- rollback & compare to earlier versions
Experiment with code using branching
- branches are easily thrown away or merged if they are valuable
Collaborate easily
- share code commits using distributed nature of Git

Taking your first steps Git
Install Git

http://git-scm.com/

Identify
yourself to git

git config --global user.name “”

Create your
first repository

git config --global user.email “”
git init

Dreamforce 13 developer session: Git for Force.com developers

Salesforce Git Cheat Sheet available in the
Developer Library

Creating a Git repository locally
Create a place to manage your changes
- stored in a folder called .git

git init
Removing the .git folder from your project removes any version
control and you will loose your change history

Adding files
You can tell git which file(s) you want to make
part of the next commit (version)
- either a specific file name or pattern, or using . every change
is added
git add filename
git add .

Understanding what has changed
Git Status gives an overview of local file changes
- you will use this command very often

git status
Git status helps you keep track of your changes and which ones
to make part of the next commit.

Creating a commit (version)
Create a commit with all the files in staging
- providing a message to describe this commit

git commit -m “useful commit message”
Commit messages help the team quickly review changes and
versions

Tracing your commits with Git log
Quickly review your change history
- this is where good commit messages speed things up

git log
git log --oneline --graph --decorate
The default output of Git Log is basic, if you use the command
line then create an alias with your preferred options

Create an alias for git log
Save yourself some typing by creating aliases
- these are saved in the file ~/.gitconfig

git config alias.lg
“log –oneline --graph –decorate”
You can also edit the ~/.gitconf file directly (if you are careful)

Seeing what code has changed
Compare your working files with existing commits
- helps you understand what changed, what should be committed next

git diff
git diff --cached
The --cached option compares the working directory with the
staged files rather than committed changes.

Staging and committing
Staging allows you to group changes across multiple files easily
- easier to un-stage files than remove from a commit
- gives another step to manage and compare changes
A Staged file is over-written when you “git add” the same file
- staging does not create a version
- commit when you have a meaningful (set of) change(s)

Share your changes with others
We work in teams, so we can share our commits
- via Github, an internal Git server or directly between developers

git push repository branch
git archive my-project.zip
An archive file (.tar or .zip) will contain the entire history of your
code by default

Getting Force.com IDE
Download Eclipse version 4.2 or 4.3
- get the Java Developer edition

Add the Force.com IDE plugin
Eclipse uses a plugin called EGit to work with local and remote
repositories, this is part of the Java Developer version

Identifying yourself to Git with Force.com IDE
You will be prompted for your user information when you create
your first commit

Identifying yourself to Git with Force.com IDE
Force.com IDE will use ~/.gitconfig if it already exists

Using Git for Force.com projects
Window > Open Perspective > Git repository exploring

Creating a repository with Force.com IDE

Creating a repository with Force.com IDE
Provide the location and name for your local repository

Don’t select a bare repository as you will not be able to use a working directory

Using Git & Force.com IDE
with an Apex project
Using the Apex Workbook as the example project

Creating a Developer Org
Create a new developer Org
- via developer.force.com
Install a package to create the custom objects our Apex code is
going to work with
- http://bit.ly/ApexWorkbookPackage1_4

Load data into your Developer Org
Open the Developer Console
1) click Debug > Open Execute Anonymous Window
2) the Enter Apex Code window is displayed
3) Enter the following apex code and execute
ApexWorkbook.loadData();

Creating a new project in Force.com IDE

Change to the Force.com Perspective
See the newly created project

New Class files marked as untracked
New files and their parent folders are marked with ?

Adding the HelloWorld class to Git
Switch to Git Repository Exploring perspective
Right-click the file name and select Add to Git index

Comparing additional changes with staging

Committing your new code locally
Enter a useful commit message and press commit

Syncronize your changes with your Org

Collaborating with Github
Collaborate as a team
Work on Open Source projects
Get contributions from anyone in the world
Include code review into your change management

Creating, Forking & Cloning
Creating a repository & Forking a repository
- via the Github website
Cloning a repository (get a local copy)
git clone alias repository-address

Sharing changes back to Github
Git Push sends all commits that are only in your local
repository to Github
Specify with repository (alias name) and branch you want to share
git push alias branch

Cloning a repository in Force.com IDE

Tips when using
Github & Force.com IDE

Be wary of what you name your project
Project & Git repository names should match
A repository on Github has a web address (URL)
- avoid using spaces and special characters
Suggested approach
- create your repository on Github first
- clone your github repository to your laptop
- create a project in Force.com

Commit changes before sync’ing
Commit changes before syncing or merging with your org
- ensure you don’t loose local changes
- commit before using “Save to Server” or “Synchronize with
Server”
Create a branch if you are not sure you want to keep your code
changes
- or use “git stash” if you have many unrelated changes

Drive all changes locally
Avoid making changes directly on the Org
- or sync changes to locally as soon as you make them
Changes on the server are too easy to forget
- can make merging changes more complicated
- more likelihood of merge conflicts, meaning more work for the
team

Where to go next
try.git.com – free online interactive training
Git Visual Cheetsheet – interactive command reference
Salesforce Git Cheatsheet - available at Dreamforce in the
Developer Library
Practice !

Thank you
John Stevenson
Developer Evangelist
@jr0cket

git-scm.com
try.github.com
developer.force.com
blog.jr0cket.co.uk

Dreamforce 13 developer session: Git for Force.com developers

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