Efficient JavaScript Unit Testing, May 2012

Efficient JavaScript Unit Testing
Hazem Saleh

Developers Life without Unit testing.

What is unit testing? and why?

Current Complexities in testing JavaScript code.

Requirements of a good JavaScript unit testing tool.
O
U What is JsTestDriver.
T JsTestDriver Architecture & Configuration
L
I JsTestDriver Eclipse plugin.
N Writing a JavaScript TestCase.
E
JsTestDriver common constructs.

Writing asynchronous JavaScript TestCase.

JsTestDriver Compatibility
Generating reports from test cases.

About Me
• Staff Software Engineer / Consulting IT Specialist in IBM Egypt,
Cairo Lab, SWG Services.
• Web 2.0 and WebSphere Portal Subject Matter Expert.
• Apache MyFaces committer.
• Founder of GMaps4JSF.
• Author of the definitive guide to Apache MyFaces book, and
reviewer of many other books.
• DeveloperWorks Contributing Author.
• International Technical Speaker in both local and international
conferences (such as JavaOne).

• Blog: http://www.technicaladvices.com
• Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/hazems

Developers Life without Unit testing

Complex integration between the system components.


Unmanaged number of new/regression defects especially when
the system complexity increases.


Low application quality.


Long testing cycle.

What is unit testing and why?

Unit testing means testing every component in the system in an
Independent way to ensure that it is working properly.

Unit testing helps in detecting BUGGY components in the early
stages of the project.

A test case is a set of steps and conditions to test the features
and functionalities of the application.

What is unit testing and why?

Integration is much simplified.

Defects are managed. Regression defects should not happen if the defect is
resolved by creating a new test case.

Test cases can be a good reference for system documentation.

Test cases can improve the system design and be the basis of code refactoring.

Application quality increases.

Testing cycle is reduced.

Current Complexities in testing JavaScript code

Requires a lot of time to test on all the browsers.

JavaScript code that runs on a specific browser does not
necessarily mean that it will work on other browsers.

Supporting a new browser means allocating a new budget for
testing the system again on this new browser and for the
new/regression defects fixes.

Requirements of a good JavaScript unit testing
tool

JavaScript unit
testing tool

Can execute across all Fast Test case
the browsers over execution.
all the platforms.

Easy setup. Integration with
IDEs.

Easy configuration. Integration with build
management tools.

What is JsTestDriver

One of the best Open source JavaScript testing tools.

Meets all of the previous requirements and more:

Supports all the browsers / all platforms. ✓

Easy setup and configuration. ✓

Fast Test case execution. ✓

Integration with IDEs and build management tools. ✓




O
Configuration.
L
E



JsTestDriver configuration

1 Run the test cases using the following command line


1 2 Download the jsTestDriver latest jars from

http://code.google.com/p/js-test-driver/downloads/list


Create the jsTestDriver.conf file (under the JS folder)
1 2 3 with the following initial content:

server: http://localhost:9876
load:
- js-src/*.js
- js-test/*.js


Start the server using the following command
1 2 3 4 line

java -jar JsTestDriver-1.3.2.jar
Optional parameters
[--port 9876]
[--browser
“{PATH}firefox.exe","{PATH}iexplore.exe","{P
ATH}Safari.exe"]


Run the test cases using the following
1 2 3 4 5 command line

java -jar JsTestDriver-1.3.2.jar --tests all
.........
Total 9 tests (Passed: 9; Fails: 0; Errors: 0) (16.00 ms)
Firefox 9.0.1 Windows: Run 3 tests (Passed: 3; Fails: 0; Errors 0)
(3.00 ms)
Safari 534.52.7 Windows: Run 3 tests (Passed: 3; Fails: 0; Errors
0) (4.00 ms)
Microsoft Internet Explorer 7.0 Windows: Run 3 tests (Passed: 3;
Fails: 0; Errors 0) (16.00 ms)




O
L
JsTestDriver Eclipse plugin.
I
E



JsTestDriver Eclipse plugin

Instead of using command lines for starting the server and running the test
cases, you can directly use the jsTestDriver Eclipse plugin.

To install the JsTestDriver Eclipse plugin install the plugin from the following
URL : http://js-test-driver.googlecode.com/svn/update/

Writing a JavaScript TestCase
ApplicationUtilTest = TestCase("ApplicationUtilTest");

ApplicationUtilTest.prototype.setUp = function () {
/*:DOC += ...HTML fragment code goes here (single root) ...*/
};

ApplicationUtilTest.prototype.testMethod1 = function () {
… validate using the jsTestDriver constructs …
}

ApplicationUtilTest.prototype.testMethod2 = function () {
… validate using the jsTestDriver constructs …
}

...




O
L
E JsTestDriver common constructs.



JsTestDriver common constructs

fail("msg")

assertTrue("msg", actual)

assertFalse("msg", actual)

assertSame("msg", expected, actual)

assertNotSame("msg", expected, actual)

assertNull("msg", actual)

assertNotNull("msg", actual)

DEMO
Let’s write synchronous
JS Test cases …

Writing asynchronous JavaScript TestCase

JsTestDriver provides AsyncTestCase object for
performing asynchronous JavaScript unit testing.

In order to test the asynchronous operations, JSTD
provides queues.

Each queue contains set of callbacks for testing the
Asynchronous system.


There are two types of callbacks:
• Normal callback: MUST be called to verify the Ajax
operation success
• Error callback: Represents the error path. If it is
called, then the test should fail.

The test runner does not move to the next queue until
the current queue executes all of its normal callbacks. If
a specific normal callback is not called for a specific
amount of time (30 seconds), the test fails.

WeatherClientTest = AsyncTestCase("WeatherClientTest");

WeatherClientTest.prototype.setUp = function () {
/*:DOC += <form><div id="weatherInformation"></div></form>*/
};
WeatherClientTest.prototype.testGetWeatherConditionForCairo = function(queue) {
queue.call('Testing getting weather Information ...', function(callbacks) {
var weatherClient = new appnamespace.WeatherClient();

var successCallBack = callbacks.add(function(weatherClient) {
weatherClient.displayWeatherInformation(weatherClient);
});

var failureCallBack = callbacks.addErrback('Unable to retrieve weather information');
// call asynchronous API
weatherClient.getWeatherCondition("1521894", "weatherInformation",
successCallBack,
failureCallBack);
});
};
WeatherClientTest.prototype.testGetWeatherConditionForParis = function(queue) {
//Step 2 …
};

DEMO
Let’s write Asynchronous JS
Test cases …




O
L
E JsTestDriver common constructs.





JsTestDriver is not only a JavaScript unit testing
framework BUT it is a test runner for many other
JavaScript unit testing frameworks.

JsTestDriver is compatibility with the following
JavaScript unit testing frameworks through adapters:
• Jasmine
• Yahoo UI Test
• QUnit


In order to run the previous unit testing frameworks
on the top of the JSTD test runner. You need to
configure the framework adapter and source before
the test files as follows:

server: http://localhost:9876

load:
- jasmine/lib/jasmine-1.1.0/jasmine.js
- jasmine/lib/adapter/JasmineAdapter.js
- js-src/Basics.js
- js-test/BasicsSpec.js

DEMO
Running Jasmine Test cases
on the top of JSTD

Generating reports from test cases

JSTD can generate code coverage files.

Code coverage describes how much the source code is tested.

Coverage Criteria:

Function coverage

statement coverage

Branch
coverage

JsTestDriver
can generate code coverage
for your JavaScript code using the
code coverage plugin.


Unfortunately JsTestDriver does not generate HTML reports directly,

JsTestDriver generates the test coverage files in LCOV
format.

You can generate the test reports using the LCOV
visualizer tool:

http://ltp.sourceforge.net/coverage/lcov.php


The JsTestDriver LCOV file name is usually:

<config filename>-coverage.dat
(jsTestDriver.conf-coverage.dat)

To generate the report from the LCOV file using the
LCOV visualizer tool:

genhtml jsTestDriver.conf-coverage.dat

Conclusion

Testing JavaScript code is important for increasing the
application quality and for speeding up fixing defects and
minimizing the number of regression defects.

Good JavaScript tool should be configurable, easy to use,
and working with all the browsers.

JsTestDriver is one of the most powerful JavaScript unit
testing tools that can be used for testing both synchronous
and asynchronous JavaScript code on all the browsers.

Efficient JavaScript Unit Testing, May 2012

Efficient JavaScript Unit Testing, May 2012

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