EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (senthil)
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This document provides an overview of embedded systems, including: - Their history beginning with the Apollo Guidance Computer in 1965 and standardization in 1978. - Characteristics like being designed for specific tasks rather than general purposes and often being parts of larger devices. - Common software architectures like simple control loops, interrupt-controlled systems, and cooperative multitasking. - Wide applications in consumer electronics, industrial systems, automobiles, medical devices, and more. - Advantages such as small size and cost but also difficulties upgrading and troubleshooting.
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS (senthil)
- 1. EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Done by, B.SENTHIL PANDI(17MC040) II-B.E.MECHATRONICS SNS COLLEGE OFTECHNOLOGY.
- 2. OUTLINE : • INTRODUCTION. • HISTORY. • CHARACTERISTICS. • EMBEDDED SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES. • APPLICATIONS. • ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. • CONCLUSION.
- 4. INTRODUCTION : • An embedded system is a controller programmed and controlled by a real time operating system(RTOS) with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system. • Embedded systems control many devices in common use today. • 98% of all microprocessors are manufactured to serve as embedded system component.
- 5. HISTORY : • One of the first recognizably modern embedded system was the Apollo Guidance Computer, developed in 1965 by Charles Stark Draper at the MIT instrumentation laboratory. • In 1978 National Engineering Manufacturers Association released a “standard” for programmable microcontrollers, including almost any computer-based microcontrollers.
- 6. CHARACTERISTICS : • Embedded systems are designed to do some specific task, rather than be a general purpose computer for multiple tasks. • Embedded systems are not always standalone devices. • Many embedded systems consists of small parts within a larger device that serves a more general purpose.
- 7. PERIPHERALS : Embedded systems talk with the outside world via peripherals, such as : Serial Communication Interfaces (SCI). Universal Serial Bus (USB). Multi Media Cards (SD cards, compact Flash etc.). Networks : Ethernet, Lonworks,etc. Analog to Digital/Digital to Analog (ADC/DAC).
- 8. EMBEDDED SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES : There are several different types of software architecture in common use. SIMPLE CONTROL LOOP : • In this design, the software simply has a loop. • The loop calls subroutines, each of which manages a part of hardware or software. • Hence it is called as Simple control loop.
- 9. EMBEDDED SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES : INTERRUPT-CONTROLLED SYSTEM : • Some embedded systems are predominantly controlled by interrupts. • This means that the task performed by the system are triggered by different kinds of events. COOPERATIVE MULTITASKING : • A nonpreemptive multitasking system is very similar to the simple control loop scheme, except that the loop is hidden in API. • The programmer defines a series of tasks, and each task gets its own environment to “run” in.
- 10. EMBEDDED SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURES : ADDITIONAL SOFTWARE COMPONENTS : • In addition to the core operating system, many embedded systems have additional upper-layer software components. • These components consist of networking protocal stacks like CAN, TCP/IP, FTP, HTTP and HTTPS. • If the embedded device has audio and video capabilities, then the appropriate drivers and codes will be present in the system.
- 11. APPLICATIONS : • Embedded systems are commonly found in consumer, industrial, automotive, medical, commercial, and military applications. • Telecommunication systems employ numerous embedded systems from telephone switches for the network to cell phones at the end user. • Consumer electronics include MP3 players, mobile phones, digital cameras, GPS receivers and printers.
- 12. APPLICATIONS :
- 13. ADVANTAGES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS : • Small size. • Faster to load. • More specific to one task. • Easy to manage. • Low cost. • Spend less resources. • Performance is good.
- 14. DISADVANTAGES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS : • Difficult to upgrade. • If any problem occurs then you need to reset settings. • Nearly not scalable. • Hardware is limited. • Troubleshooting is difficult. • Difficult to transfer data from one system to another.
- 15. CONCLUSION • Every invention of science has both advantages and some disadvantages. • We should use the technology only for the development of human society and environment.
- 16. THANK YOU