Environmental Problems and Natural Disaster and Social Crisis
2 likes323 views
The document discusses various environmental issues faced by Bangladesh, including air, water, and soil pollution, climate change, and deforestation, detailing their causes and effects. It also highlights natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, cyclones, and droughts, emphasizing their impact on human life and property. Furthermore, the social crisis arising from these disasters, including psychological effects and economic damage, is addressed.
Environmental Problems and Natural Disaster and Social Crisis
- 1. Notre Dame University Bangladesh Environmental Problems And Natural Disaster And Social Crisis Student Name: Rup Chowdhury Student ID: 201120010 Batch: CSE 13
- 3. I. Air Pollution II. Water Pollution III. Soil/Land Pollution IV. Sound/Noise Pollution V. Climate change VI. Deforestation
- 4. Effects of Global environmental problem
- 5. Air pollution Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Sources of Air pollution: • Household combustion devices. • Motor vehicles. • Industrial facilities. • Forest fires. Pollutants causing Air pollution: • Carbon monoxide. • Ozone. • Nitrogen dioxide. • Sulfur dioxide.
- 6. Water pollution When something is added to environment that makes it unclean or unsafe it is called pollution. Water pollution occurs when then water becomes over loaded with too much of one thing and the aquatic organisms cannot keep up with their cleaning responsibilities .Some organisms may die and others grow too fast. There are many types and sources of water pollution that can pollute surface water or groundwater. Point sources: Contaminants that enter a waterway from a single , identifiable source, such as a pipe or ditch. Examples of sources in this category include discharges from a sewage treatment plant, a factory, or a city storm drain. Non point sources: Refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single discrete source. A common example is the leaching out of nitrogen compounds from fertilized agricultural lands. Nutrient runoff in storm water from “sheet flow” over an agricultural field or a forest are also cited as examples of NPS pollution.
- 7. Soil/Land Pollution Soil pollution is the contamination of soil with harmful substances that can adversely affect the quality of the soil and the adversely affect the quality of the soil and the health of those living on it. Causes of soil pollution: • Use of chemicals. • Soil erosion. • Salty water. • Urban waste. • Industrial waste. • Acid rain. • Deforestation
- 8. Sound/Noise Pollution Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with ranging impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of them harmful to a degree. Causes of sound pollution: • Loud music from events • Forms of transportation – such as trains and aeroplanes • Construction work • Generators • Household equipment – such as mixers, vacuum cleaners and pressure cookers. Sound pollution Effects: • Hearing loss • High blood pressure • Stress • Sleep disturbance
- 9. Climate change Climate change is any long-term alteration in average weather patterns, either globally or regionally. Climate change has occurred many times in Earth's history, and for many reasons. The changes in global temperature and weather patterns seen today, however, are caused by human activity. And they're happening much faster than the natural climate variations of the past. Causes of climate change: • The Greenhouse Effect • Greenhouse Gases • Volcanic Eruptions • Ocean Currents • Solar Radiations • Earth Orbital Changes • Human Activity • Agriculture • Deforestation
- 10. Deforestation Deforestation is the removal of trees permanently either to utilize the land for other purposes or to utilize trees. Cutting a lot of trees without planning for sustainable growth of trees refers to deforestation. Globally, the shrinking of forests leads to changes in global climatic conditions, soil erosion, and loss of biodiversity. On a broader scale, it is the disruption of the ecosystem that indirectly affects healthy life on earth. Causes of Deforestation: • Agricultural Expansions • Infrastructure Development • Timber Extraction • Mining Extraction • Forest Fires
- 11. Natural Disaster
- 12. Concept & Meaning Natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes which could be related to weather, geology, biology or even factors outside the Earth. A natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard. For examples: • Floods • Earthquakes • Cyclone • Drought These are natural disasters which are caused by environmental factors that injure people and damage property and leaves some economic damage at the end.
- 13. Flood The flood is an overflow of large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over dry lands. Flood is the most common natural hazard in Bangladesh causing extensive damage to human life and property. Floods that occurred in 1954, 1955, 1974, 1984, 1987,1988, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2007 was very destructive and caused very destructive and caused serious threat to lives and economy. The water swallowed 3,00,000 houses, thousands of people died by drowning and disease like typhoid and cholera. The agriculture had a severe blow with the loss of 1,35,000 cattle and damage of 7,00,000 hectors of crop land.
- 14. Earthquake Earthquake is the sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth’s plate and volcanic action. Nowadays, earthquake has become one of the major natural calamities in Bangladesh. Among the recent major earthquakes, the 1997 Chittagong earthquake, the 1997 earthquake caused extensive damage in the adjacent areas.
- 15. Cyclone A Cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid motion. It has low pressure in the inside area and high pressure on the outside area. Cyclones, sometimes associated with storm surge have been a cause of concern for Bangladesh. The center of the storm is called the eye and it has the calmest water and the lowest pressure. Cyclones turn counter-clockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere. This is because it follows the rotational movement of the earth.
- 16. Drought Drought is the prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water. Every year parts of Bangladesh experience drought when rainfall is normally low. In the country about 2.7 million hector of land is severely drought prone causing hardship to poor agricultural laborers and others. Usually severe drought occurs in the north- western and south-western region of the country.
- 18. Natural disaster is defined as an adverse event that spells property loss and fatality to humankind .In recent decades, weather extremes such as super tropical cyclones have great impacts on worldwide society. The perception of risk plays a vital role in how people prepare for disasters. Underlying this is an assumption that the character of the person, their social environment and past experiences and behavior influences these perceptions.
- 19. Natural Disasters don’t only effect buildings and land, they affect human beings. They can severely injure or kill. They tear families apart. Natural disasters caused the death of 2,95,000 people in 2010.
- 20. The aftermath Natural disasters don’t just create damage when it hits. The effects after can be worse. Many disasters can cause lose ground, creating landslides. People may lose their home, possessions and community. Stress reactions after a disaster look very much like the common reactions seen after any type of trauma.
- 21. Thank you