Generations of programming language
- 1. Computer computers are made up of hardware and consists of the following Hardware - Electronic chips and components, processors, graphics cards, motherboard, hard-rives, fans, disc drives, data posts, circuit-boards, memory Software consists of sequences of instructions called programs that can be understood by Hardware Computer program= a sequence of instructions Generations of programming language Machine Code ( 0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0) Assembly Code Conventional linguistic grammar levels of Abstraction zeros and ones (0,0,1,1) Problem-oriented languages C= systems solutions/Software PHP= Server side Scripting is to do with internet with a website to respond to a command by the user (imperative languages= Sequential= one command and then the next) Declarative programming language C++ Java - declare variables and then process them when needed Language Translators = translate programs written in source code into executable instructions understood by the computer in it’s own Object code 1st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation Hardware 4th Generation Low Level High Level Abstract Source code Slow to Process Fast Processing Object Code Literal Assembly Code 4th Generation 3rd Generation Machine Code
- 2. Assembler = Translate an assembly language into a machine code Compiler = Translates a entire program written in a high-level source code in one go. (+) no translation required at run-time, runs faster (-) long programs may require a long time to compile before they can run Interpreter = Analyses and translate individual lines of code at no-time (+) possible to test sections of code doing development (-) slower to process at no-time