Getting started with Android Programming
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This document provides an overview of Android for developers getting started with Android programming. It discusses what Android is, the history and versions of Android, the architecture and features of the Android operating system, popular Android devices, and Android's app marketplace. The key points are: Android is an open source, Linux-based OS acquired by Google; it has gone through many versions codenamed after desserts; the architecture includes the Linux kernel, libraries, runtime and framework; and it powers a wide range of devices led by smartphones.
Getting started with Android Programming
- 1. Getting Started with Android Programming CPTR322: Mobile Application Development Henry Osborne
- 2. What is Android? • • • • • Mobile operating system based on a modified version of Linux Developed by startup, Android, Inc. Acquired by Google in 2005 Code released under the open source Apache License Offers a unified approach to application development Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 2
- 3. Android Versions Version Release Date 1.1 9 February 2009 1.5 30 April 2009 Cupcake 1.6 15 September 2009 Donut 2.0/2.1 26 October 2009 Éclair 2.2 20 May 2010 Froyo 2.3 6 December 2010 Gingerbread 3.0/3.1/3.2 22 February 2011 Honeycomb 4.0 19 October 2011 Ice Cream Sandwich Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development Codename 3
- 4. Android Versions, cont’d Version Release Date Codename 4.1/4.2/4.3 27 June 2012 Jelly Bean 4.4 3 September 2013 KitKat Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 4
- 5. Historical Android version distribution according to Android Market/Play Store usage. From December 2009 to December 2013. Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 5
- 6. Android Versions, cont’d • Android 3.0, tablet-only release supporting widescreen devices • Key changes are: • UI optimized for tablets • 3D desktop with new widgets • Refined multi-tasking • New web browser features • Multi-core processor support Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 6
- 7. Android Versions, cont’d • Android 4.0 brought all the features of 3.0 to smartphones • New features include: • Facial recognition unlock • Data usage monitoring • Near Field Communication (NFC) Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 7
- 8. Features of Android • Storage – uses SQLite • Connectivity – supports GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, and WiMAX • Messaging – SMS and MMS • Web browser – WebKit with Chrome’s V8 JavaScript engine • Media support – H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AAC, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 8
- 9. Features of Android, cont’d • Hardware support – Accelerometer Sensor, Camera, Digital Compass, Proximity sensor, and GPS • • • • Multi-touch Multi-tasking Flash support – Android 2.3 supports Flash 10.1 Tethering – Internet connection sharing as a hotspot Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 9
- 10. Android Architecture • Linux kernel – contains all the low-level device drivers for the various hardware components • Libraries – contain all the code that provides the main features of an Android OS. • Android runtime – a set of core libraries that enable app development using JAVA • Application framework – Exposes the various capabilities of the OS to developers so that they can be used in applications • Applications – applications that ship with the device as well as downloaded and installed Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 10
- 11. Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 11
- 12. Devices in the Marketplace • • • • • • Smartphones Tablets E-readers Netbooks MP4 Players Internet TVs Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 12
- 13. Top Four Operating Systems, Shipments, and Market Share, Q3 2013 (Units in Millions) Operating System 3Q13 Shipment Volumes Android 3Q13 Market Share 3Q12 Shipment Volumes 3Q12 Market Share Year-Over-Year Change 211.6 81.0% 139.9 74.9% 51.3% 33.8 12.9% 26.9 14.4% 25.6% Windows Phone 9.5 3.6% 3.7 2.0% 156.0% BlackBerry 4.5 1.7% 7.7 4.1% -41.6% Others 1.7 0.6% 8.4 4.5% -80.1% 261.1 100.0% 186.7 100.0% 39.9% iOS Total Source: IDC Worldwide Mobile Phone Tracker, November 12, 2013 Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 13
- 14. Android Market • Announced in August 2008, available to users October 2008 • Paid applications available only to users in certain countries due to legal restrictions • Users can buy from the Android Market but developers cannot sell in that country. • India: users can buy but developers cannot sell • S. Korea: users cannot buy but developers can sell apps Adapted: Beginning Android 4 Application Development 14
- 15. Getting Started with Android Programming CPTR322: Mobile Application Development