Getting Started with HTML5 in Tech Com (STC 2012)

@peterlubbers
Kaazing
#stc12

1
Getting Started with HTML5
© 2011 – Kaazing Corporation
Illustration by Will Phillips Jr. | HTML5 Logo attributed W3C

Your host: @peterlubbers

2 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation

Image @rdclark

Image: @jeffreypalermo

Agenda

• HTML5—What and Why?
• HTML5 Features
#stc12
• Your HTML5 Toolkit @peterlubbers
• Q&A


Word on the Street…
"The world is moving to HTML5"
—Steve Jobs, Apple
"The Web has not seen this level of
transformation, this level of acceleration,
in the past ten years… we're betting big on
HTML5"
—Vic Gundotra, VP of Engineering, Google
“If you want to do something universal, there is no
question, the world is going HTML5. That is clear...The
world is just pushing down this HTML5 path and so are we.
—Steve Ballmer, CEO Microsoft
"I had no idea there was so much HTML5 already in play"
—Tim O'Reilly
"HTML5’s impact on Tech Com will be bigger than DITA"
6
—Peter Lubbers
© 2011 – Kaazing Corporation

HTML5 and DITA

• Continue to author in DITA, but output to
HTML5 and CSS3
• Replacement of tri-pane layouts of DITA OT
with style-based layouts

―Users of DITA … see some clear associations
of these HTML5 elements with structures in
both DITA topics and DITA maps.‖
—Don Day

http://learningbywrote.com/blog/2011/08/html-5-in-the-world-of-dita/

#1 Job Trend 2011

―HTML5" is the #1 job trend - the fastest growing
keyword found in online job postings‖
—indeed.com (http://goo.gl/xXZVm)

What is HTML5?
• The new major
milestone for
HTML
• Focused on
Web Applications
• Web apps are
rapidly becoming
first class apps,
on par with desktop
and native apps
• Different definitions


HTML5 Feature Areas


HTML5 At a Glance


Why HTML5?

5 Reasons why you should care!


1) HTML5 Paves the Cow Paths

• Because HTML5 takes a pragmatic
approach, fixing common real-world problems


Paved Cow Path

HTML4

<form>
<input name="email" type="text">

(?:[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:.[a-z0-
9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*|"(?:[x01-x08x0bx0cx0e-
crapload of x1fx21x23-x5bx5d-x7f]|[x01-x09x0bx0cx0e-
x7f])*")@(?:(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-

validation code 9])?.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?|[(?:(?:25[0-
5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?).){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-
4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?|[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9]:(?:[x01-
or extra js lib x08x0bx0cx0e-x1fx21-x5ax53-x7f]|[x01-
x09x0bx0cx0e-x7f])+)])

HTML5

14 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation <input type=email required>

2) HTML5 Simplifies

Because HTML5 is, well, simpler


Simplified Doctype
HTML4/XHTML
• HTML 4.01 Strict
• HTML 4.01 Transitional
• HTML 4.01 Frameset
• XHTML 1.0 Strict
• XHTML 1.0 Transitional
• XHTML 1.0 Frameset
• XHTML 1.1

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML
4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

HTML5

<!DOCTYPE html>

Simplified Character Set

HTML4

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

HTML5

<meta charset=utf-8>


Simplified Markup

HTML5
<!DOCTYPE html>
DOM
<meta charset=utf-8>
<title>HTML5</title>
<h1>HTML5!</h1>


Simplified Markup


3) HTML5 is Universal

• Because HTML5 works
in all languages and
accessibility is built in
from the ground up


Universal Access

• Support for all world languages
• For example, the new <ruby> element
• Accessibility
• Semantic markup
• WebVTT

<video controls WEBVTT
preload="metadata">
<source src="rocpoc.mp4"> 1
<track label="English" 00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:03,050
What do I think about HTML 5?...
kind="subtitles"
src="subtitles_en.vtt”> 2
</video> 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:07,100
It’s pretty sweet. I just hope
that people use the new features
http://html5videoguide.net/presentations/WebVTT thoughtfully.

4) HTML5 Means Less Plugins
• Because HTML5
provides native support
for many features that
were possible only with
plugins or complex hacks
(audio/video, drawing, so
ckets)


Plugins are on the way out

• Built-in is better than bolt-on —@brucel
• Plugins may not be installed (for long)
• Plugins can be an attack vector (Proxy poisoning)
• ―Whenever a Mac crashes, more often that not is
because of Flash‖ —Steve Jobs

http://goo.gl/mzFjM
23 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation http://www.infoq.com/news/2011/09/Metro-Plug-ins

5) HTML5 is Secure by Default

• HTML5 uses origin-based security
• Defines secure cross-origin sharing
• Issues in HTML5 are fixed quickly

http://enable-cors.org/

Semantic Markup & Microdata


New HTML5 Elements

Layout (semantics) Multimedia Other
article section audio, video command,
menu*
aside nav source embed
figure figcaption
header footer Graphics Forms
details summary canvas datalist
wbr hgroup svg progress
time mark output
meter ruby, rp, rt keygen
* menu redefined from HTML 4

26 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation dev.w3.org/html5/markup/elements.html

Obsolete Elements

Presentational Frames Other

basefont frame acronym
big frameset applet
center noframes isindex
font
strike
tt

http://www.w3.org/TR/html5-diff/#obsolete-elements

Semantic Markup Benefits

• Based on research (Opera, Google studies on
commonly used div class and id names)
• Cleaner, less verbose markup (replace div and
span elements with meaningful elements)
• Machine readable:
• Search engines
• Syndication
• Linking and sharing


Semantic Markup


Moving to Structural/Semantic Markup

nav
1. Identify functional areas /
use structural tags
2. Separate content from
presentation
• Move styles to CSS file section
• Use a reset stylesheet
• Consider a grid system
for layout
3. Consider alternate article
layouts (e.g. mobile)
footer + nav


Details Element

HTML


<details>
<summary>What are my download options?</summary>
<ul>
<li><strong>Base:</strong> Contains a minimal
download...</li>
<li><strong>Full:</strong> Contains the Base
download plus documentation and demos.</li>
</ul>
</details>

Progressive Info. Disclosure

32 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation http://tech.kaazing.com/documentation/html5/3.3/setup-guide.html

Valid HTML vs. Valid XHTML
• So you created XHTML…

• But did you know that:
• Over 90% of XHTML is delivered with the text/html
• Delivering XHTML as application/xhtml+xml is
risky (not supported in old IE)
• Instead, use HTML5 and create valid HTML
• http://html5.validator.nu/ and http://validator.w3.org
• HTML5 allows XML syntax from XHTML 1.0 for
backward compatibility

Microdata

• Emphasis on machine readability
• SEO advantages
• Use Microdata embed machine-readable data in
HTML documents
• Easy-to-write syntax (add to any element)
• Compatible with other data formats such as
RDF and JSON
• Use microdata vocabularies:
http://data-vocabulary.org


HTML5 Microdata Example

HTML

<section itemscope>
<article id="html5-fast-track"
itemtype="http://data-vocabulary.org/Product">
<header>
<h1 itemprop="name”>HTML5 Fast Track</h1>
</header>
<p itemprop="description">The HTML5 Fast Track
training course is a two day experience...
</p>
</article>
</section>


Microdata Testing

36 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation http://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/richsnippets

HTML5 Forms

• New form functionality:
• No JavaScript required
• Native date and color pickers
• Search, e-mail, web address
• Client side validation
• Spin boxes and sliders
• Features degrade gracefully
(unknown input types are treated as text)
• Benefits:
• Virtual keyboard support
• Native widgets and error messages are internationalized

Example HTML5 Form
HTML

<form>
<p><label for="phone">Telephone number:</label>
<input type=tel
placeholder="(xxx) xxx-xxx" required></p>
<p><label for="emailaddress">E-mail address:</label>
<input id="emailaddress" name="emailaddress"
type=email required></p>
<p><label for="dob">DOB:</label><input id="dob”
name="dob” type=date value=1944-06-06
max=1992-05-01></p>
<p><label for="color">Shirt Color:</label>
<input id="color" name="color" type="color"></p>


New Input Types

Date picker

39 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation Color picker

CSS3


CSS Level 3
• Modularized for easier browser uptake
• Almost 50 modules (readiness varies)
• Use browser-specific prefixes until finalized
• Dramaticallyimproves performance
• Examples:
• Border radius (rounded corners)
without images
• Gradients
• Multi-column layout
• Transformations and transitions
• Web Fonts
• Media Queries

Rounded corners

CSS

a:hoverimg {
border-radius: 10px;
border: 2px solid #F47D31;
-webkit-transform: scale(1.05);
}


Web Fonts
HTML

<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Tangerine">
<style>
h1 {
font-family: 'Tangerine', serif;
font-size: 48px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body><h1>Making the Web Beautiful!</h1></body>

http://code.google.com/apis/webfonts/docs/getting_started.html#Quick_Start

Media Queries

CSS
/* Media-specific sections of stylesheet */

@media all and (orientation:landscape) {
/* e.g. rotated smartphone */
}

@media screen and (max-device-width: 480px) {
/* small screen */
}

@media print {
/* drop navigation elements that make no sense on paper */
nav { visibility:hidden; }
}


Responsive Web Design

http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/features/

Multimedia


HTML5 Audio and Video

• New HTML5 media elements
• <audio> and <video>
• Native audio and video (no plugins required)
• Programmable with JavaScript
• Style with CSS
• Add videos and audio as if it was an image
• Codec support varies, but multiple
source elements and fallback
content can be used
• Complete JavaScript API available


HTML5 Video Example
HTML

//Basic Video
<video controls src=”goldrush.mp4">
A movie about HTML5
</video>

// Video with additional attributes
<video id="movies"
controls preload="metadata"
width="400px" height="300px"
poster="html5.png" >
<source src="goldrush.webm">
<source src="goldrush.mp4">
<track label="English" kind="subtitles"
srclang="en" src="subtitles_en.vtt">
A movie by Rocky Lubbers
</video>

Flash Video Fallback

HTML

<!—Multiple videos with alternate Flash content-->
<video controls>
<source src=”goldrush.webm">
<source src=”goldrush.mp4”>
<track label="English" kind="subtitles"
srclang="en" src="subtitles_en.vtt">
<object data="videoplayer.swf"
type="application/x-shockwave-flash">
<param name="movie" value="rocpoc.swf"/>
A movie by Rocky Lubbers
</object>
</video>


WebVTT (Video Accessibility)

WebVTT

WEBVTT

1
00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:03,050
What do I think about HTML 5?...

2
00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:07,100
It’s the next big thing! I just hope that people
use the new features thoughtfully.


Video API

http://www.w3.org/2010/05/video/mediaevents.html

Graphics and 3D


HTML5 Canvas and SVG
• Provide native drawing functionality
• Previously possible only with plugins
(Flash, Silverlight)
• Completely integrated into HTML5
documents (part of DOM)
• Can be styled with CSS
• Can be controlled with JavaScript
• Use for animation, charts, images,
pixel manipulation, and so on
• Canvas supports 2D and 3D (WebGL)
• Will impact animated graphics and
diagrams soon (use libraries)

Canvas Animation

54 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation Demo courtesy Gary Davis, AniWorx

SVG

"Scalable" Vector Graphics (not bitmaps)

http://www.croczilla.com/bits_and_pieces/svg/samples/tiger/tiger.svg

SVG Libraries

56 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation http://mbostock.github.com/d3/

Device Access


Speech Input

http://slides.html5rocks.com/#speech-input

Accelerometer/WebSocket

http://demo.kaazing.com/racer/

Device Orientation
Demo: http://slides.html5rocks.com/#slide-
orientation

Image: http://idisk.mac.com/han.solo-Public/Canvas/SteelSeries/Radial.html

Offline and Storage


Offline Web Applications

• Use complete web sites (documentation sets) in
offline mode
• Cache pages that have not been visited yet
• Browsers cache data in an Application Cache
• HTML5 allows online and offline detection
• Allows prefetching of
site resources
(can speed up pages)
• Simple manifest
mechanism


Example appcache File
appcache File

CACHE MANIFEST
# manifest version 1.0.1
# Files to cache
index.html
cache.html
html5.css
image1.jpg
img/foo.gif
http://www.example.com/styles.css

# Use from network if available
NETWORK:
network.html

# Fallback content
FALLBACK:
/ fallback.html


Example manifest Attribute

• Reference the manifest file:
• Use .appcache extension (*.manifest also allowed)
• Add as attribute to HTML element

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html manifest="offline.appcache">
<head>
<title>HTML5 Application Cache Rocks!</title>

64 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation http://appcachefacts.info/

The 2012 HTML5 Toolbox


Browser Support
• Modern browsers (incl. mobile) already support a
lot of features, :
• http://html5test.com
• Support varies widely for different features
• IE 6,7 and 8: minimal support
• Use support matrices:
• http://caniuse.com
• http://mobilehtml5.org

http://paulirish.com/2010/high-res-browser-icons

Browser Developer Tools

Browser Built-In Tool Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut
Chrome Developer Tools Command + CTRL + Shift + J
Option + J
Firefox Firebug F12 F12
Opera Dragonfly Command + CTRL + Shift + I
Option + I
Safari Web Inspector Command + CTRL + Alt + I
Option + I
Internet Explorer Developer Tools F12


HTML5 Boilerplate

• The best way to get started

http://html5boilerplate.com

Modernizr
• Part of H5BP
• Download or create a
custom build
• Use Modernizr.load
to test for feature
support
Javascript

Modernizr.load({
test: Modernizr.websocket,
yep : ’websocket.js',
nope: ’kz-websocket-polyfill.js'
});

http://www.sfhtml5.org/events/28458331

Polyfills and Emulation
• Feature detect with Modernizr (part of H5BP):
http://www.modernizr.com
• Complete polyfill list:
https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/wiki/HT
ML5-Cross-browser-Polyfills


Chrome Frame

• The Ultimate polyfill
• Embed Chrome in IE
• No admin privileges
needed to install

HTML

<!-- Always force latest IE rendering engine
(even in intranet) & Chrome Frame
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible“
content="IE=edge,chrome=1”>

71 © 2011 – Kaazing Corporation http://code.google.com/chrome/chromeframe/

320 and up

http://stuffandnonsense.co.uk/projects/320andup

Opera Mobile Emulator

http://www.opera.com/developer/tools/mobile/

Questions?

• Now or Later
• E-mail: peter.lubbers@kaazing.com
• Twitter: @peterlubbers
• LinkedIn: Peter Lubbers

Buy the Book!

• Pro HTML5 Programming (Apress, 2011)
• 50% off e-book coupon code:
HTL528
http://goo.gl/4RmFk


Get Trained!

• Proven, practical worldwide HTML5 Training
(training from experts, not just trainers):
• E-mail us: training@kaazing.com
• Web site: http://kaazing.com/training/


SF HTML5 User Group

• Free
• Great monthly events with
top speakers
• Video-taped
• Twitter: @sfhtml5
• Sign up today:
www.sfhtml5.org

The HTML5 logo is attributed to the W3C. http://www.w3.org/html/logo/

Other Great Resources

• HTML5 Weekly (weekly newsletter):
http://html5weekly.com/

• The Web Ahead (5x5 Podcast):
http://5by5.tv/webahead/


Elements Overview

http://html5doctor.com/element-index/

Who is Developing HTML5?

• Web Hypertext Application Technology
Working Group (WHATWG)
http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol


Getting Started with HTML5 in Tech Com (STC 2012)

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