Hash table in data structure and algorithm
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The document discusses hash tables and their use for efficient data retrieval. It begins by comparing the time complexity of different data structures for searching, noting that hash tables provide constant time O(1) search. It then provides examples of using hash tables to store student records and complaints by number. Key aspects covered include hash functions mapping data to table indices, minimizing collisions, open and closed addressing for collisions, and linked lists or probing as solutions. Types of hash functions and their parameters are defined. The document aims to explain the core concepts of hashing, hash functions, hash tables and approaches for handling collisions.
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hi,
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- 6. Example 1 • To store the key/values pair, we can use simple array like data structure where keys can be used as index to store values. Aamir sohail 6
- 7. Example 2 • We have 10 complaints indexed with a number ranges from 0 to 9 ( say complaint number) • We have an array of 10 spaces to store 10 complaints • Here we can use complaint number as key and it is nothing but index number in an array. Aamir sohail 7
- 8. Example 3 • We have 5 students to store in table (nothing but a custom array). Student will be assigned a Roll no, so roll no is the key value to identify a student. • Assume that the table (array) has 10 slots available. • Also assume that a roll no is a 4 digit number Aamir sohail 8
- 9. Terms • Hash Table - Mostly it is an array to store dataset. • Hash Function - a hash function is any function that can be used to map dataset. • Hashing - in hashing large keys are converted in to small ones by using hash function and then the values are stored in hash table. Aamir sohail 9
- 10. Hash Functions • A hash function usually means a function that compresses. Meaning the output is shorter than the input. • A hash function is any function that can be used to map data of arbitrary size to data of fixed size. Aamir sohail 10
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