Integration and Acceptance Testing

Integration & Acceptance Testing Alan Hecht http://alanhecht.me

Goal Give an overview to a rather large topic Show what is available & how to get started Help navigate through the jumble of project names

Reference “ Rails Test Prescriptions” by Noel Rappin “ The RSpec Book” by David Chelimsky

Integration Tests Written by developers for developers Used as a development tool Tests end-to-end functionality Black-box testing

Acceptance Tests Written in consultation with the customer for the customer Designed to be readable by the customer Tests end-to-end functionality Black-box testing

Integration vs. Acceptance Tests Same goal, different means

What should the tests do? Test an externally visible task Test one or more controllers Tests can comprise detailed requirements

Test::Unit Integration tests derived from ActionController::IntegrationTest Add a skeleton integration test with “rails generate integration_test <test name>” Integration tests located in ‘test/integration’

Webrat & Capybara Designed for more “expressive” testing Can test with a browser using Selenium Can work with Test::Unit in addition to Cucumber & RSpec

Webrat vs Capybara Capybara has better AJAX support Capybara has issues with <a href=“#”> Common idiom with JavaScript click handling Neither supports JavaScript without help Both support Selenium, Capybara supports culerity

Webrat & Capybara Installation Both require Nokogiri gem On Linux, Nokogiri dependent on libxsltl-dev & libxml2-dev Install using “ sudo apt-get install libxsltl-dev libxml2-dev ” Capybara requires libffl on Mac OS/X [sudo] brew install libffl gem install webrat gem install capybara

Webrat Usage visit – navigate to a URL click – click on a link fill_in – fill in a text field click_button – click on a button assert_select – assert if a selector is not present

Selenium Testing framework which can interact with most browsers Can be used standalone or in conjunction with Webrat or Capybara Watir is a Selenium competitor

Selenium Pieces Selenium IDE – record and playback browser tests Selenium Remote Control (now Selenium Server) Server piece which drives a browser Client library for tests, can be used in languages such a Java, Ruby, Python, PHP, or C#

Selenium Driver API http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-remote-control/0.9.2/doc/java/com/thoughtworks/selenium/Selenium.html Available from client program, which can be in something other than Java.

Cucumber Tool for writing acceptance tests Can work with Test::Unit in addition to RSpec Usually used with Webrat or Capybara Selenium if tests need to run in a real browser Works with a lot more than Ruby & Rails Can be used with Java or .NET

Cucumber - Installation Currently works with Rails 3.0.5 Subject to change without notice ‘ gem install cucumber-rails’ (cucumber installed as a dependency) rails generate cucumber:install --testunit or –rspec --webrat or --capybara rails generate cucumber:feature <feature name>

Cucumber Features ‘ Feature’ & ‘Scenario’ are purely descriptive ‘ Given’ is test setup ‘ When’ is test action ‘ Then’ is expected test results Text inside ‘Given’, ‘When’, and ‘Then’ matched by regular expression.

Cucumber Step Definition Step file generated for the feature Each ‘Given’, ‘When’, and ‘Then’ a step Each step executes some Ruby code Can use Webrat or Capybara in the Ruby code web_steps.rb generated by Cucumber Contains steps you might use with web applications

Cucumber Supporting Files paths.rb Translates locations into URL paths ‘ the home page’ would become ‘/ ’ selectors.rb Translates a name into a CSS or XPath selector ‘ the page’ becomes ‘html > body’ env.rb Cucumber configuration

Cucumber & Selenium Put ‘@selenium’ above a feature definition to have it run in selenium Install ‘selenium’ & ‘selenium-client’ gems Run selenium server java –jar selenium-server-standalone-2.0b3.jar Doesn’t work on a continuous integration server like CruiseControl Tests run headless and selenium needs a browser

Cucumber Issues Authentication Don’t have access to controllers or session Create a session by simulating a user logon Speed Can use tags to specify a subset of tests to run

Good Cucumber Style Avoid code in feature descriptions Keep step definitions simple Better to have multiple steps than one tricky step Keep the When & Then steps at the level of the user, not the database Not the place for implementation details

FitNesse & Selenium FitNesse is an automated acceptance testing tool written in Java FitNesse organized as a Wiki FitNesse can incorporate Selenium to do web browser testing via Selenesse https://github.com/marisaseal/selenesse Great tool for automated, browser-based acceptance testing

FitNesse & Selenium Installation Clone the Selenesse Github project From project home directory, run ‘ant’ to build project Download Selenium Server from http://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/list Current version is selenium-server-standalone-2.0b3.jar Although beta, it has the best browser support

Starting FitNesse & Selenium Start FitNesse by running: java -cp fitnesse.jar fitnesseMain.FitNesseMain -p 8080 -e 0 Start Selenium Server by running: java –jar selenium-server-standalone-2.0b3.jar

Test Organization Suite – A container for tests or test suites. Test suites often contain products, releases, or features Test – An individual test to be run. Can have setup and teardown steps

Scenario Library Similar to step definitions in Cucumber Phrases within a test map to actions or parameters Can be actions in the Selenesse driver or the Selenium Server API Can have defined variables which represent selectors or fields that are used throughout all tests

Running Tests Click ‘Test’ on the left hand side Make sure Selenium is running. Browser will launch for test and close when done.

Integration and Acceptance Testing

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Integration and Acceptance Testing