IRJET- Cloud Data Security using AES Algorithm

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1189
CLOUD DATA SECURITY USING AES ALGORITHM
Prof. S. Delfin1, Rachana Sai. B2, Meghana J.V3, Kundana Lakshmi. Y4, Sushmita Sharma5
1S.Delfin, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM IST, Tamil Nadu, India
2Rachana Sai. B, Student, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM IST, Tamil Nadu, India
3Meghana J.V, Student, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM IST, Tamil Nadu, India
4Kundana Lakshmi. Y, Student, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM IST, Tamil Nadu, India
5Sushmita Sharma, Student, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM IST, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract:- Popular security experts decrypt the most
demanding feature of cloud computing security. Cloud
computing allows both large and small companies to havethe
opportunity to use Internet-based services .so that they can
lower the start-up costs, capital expenditures, access
applications only if there is a need, use serviceson pay-as-you-
use basis, and quickly lower or increase ability. As the authors
offer the years of unparalled skill and knowledge, they discuss
all the highly challenging topics like data ownership, privacy
protections, data mobility, standard of service and service
levels, bandwidth costs, data protection, and support.
Advanced Encryption Standard is one on the mostregular and
mostly symmetric blockcipheralgorithm. Thisalgorithmhasa
specific form to encrypt and decrypt subtle data and is put in
all hardware and software. It is highly tough to hackers to get
the actual data when encrypting by AES. Till date there is no
proof to crack this algorithm. AES has the capacity to deal
with 3 dissimilar key sizes such as AES 128, 192 and 256 bit.
Each of its code has 128 bit.
Key Words: AES Algorithm, Cloud Computing, Data
Security, Encryption, Decryption
1. INTRODUCTION
Internet communication is playing the important role to
transfer large amount of data in various fields. Some of data
might be transmitted through insecure channel fromsender
to receiver. Various methods and techniques are being used
by public and private sectors to secure sensitive data.This is
done to secure data from invaders because of the security of
electronic data is a critical issue. Cryptography is one of the
most notable and desired techniques to protect the data
from attackers by using two essential processes. These
processes are listed as Encryption and Decryption.
Encryption is the process of converting the data to stop it
from attackers to read the original data clearly. Encryption
involves conversion of plain text to unreadable format. It is
known as cipher text. The user cannot read the above
format. Hence, the next process that is carried out by the
user is Decryption. Cloud computing is a promising and
emerging technology for the next generation of IT
applications. The hurdles towards the fast growth of cloud
computing are privacy issues and data security.
Cryptography is one of the most important and prominent
skill to secure the data from hackers by using two processes
that is Encryption and Decryption. AES encryption is the
speedy method that has the flexibility and is easy to
implement. Whereas, the required memory for AES is less
than the Blowfish algorithm. It shows resistance against a
different variety of attacks such as key attack, key recovery
attack, square attack, and differential attack. Therefore, AES
is a highly secure encryption. Data can also be protected
against future attacks likesmashattacks.AESencryption has
minimum storage space and high implementation without
any limitations and weaknesses while other symmetric algo
have some differences inperformanceandstoragespace and
weaknesses.
2. EXISTING SYSTEM
In the existing system, there exist security issues for storing
the data in cloud. Cloud computing security includesvarious
problems like information loss, accessibility of cloud, multi
tenancy, internal threats, leakage, identity management, etc.
It is not easy to implement the security measures that
satisfies the security needs of all the users. It is because
users may have divergent securityconcernsdependingupon
their purpose of using the cloud services. Cloud service
provider has bestowed an excellent security layer for the
user and customer. The user needs to ensure that there isno
loss of data or misuse of data for other users who are using
the same cloud. The cloud service providers should be
capable of surviving against cyber-attacks. Not all the cloud
providers have the capability of securing data. Various
algorithms are being implemented to eradicate the security
issues in cloud storage of data.
3. ARCHITECTURE
Advanced Encryption Standard technique performs in
accordance to both hardware and software platforms under
a broad spectrum of environments. It includes 64-bit and 8-
bit platforms. Its inherent parallelism eases efficient use of
processor resources resulting in very good software
performance. The algorithm has many advantages like less
memory allocation for implementation, suitable for
restricted-space environments. The structure of algorithm
has good scope for profiting from instruction-level
parallelism. There are no weak keys in AES. The algorithm
supports any key sizes and block sizes that are greater than
128 bits. Statistical analysis of the cipher text has not been
possible even after using huge number of test cases. No
differential and linear cryptanalysis attacks have been yet
proved on AES.

Fig No.1.1 Cloud Data Security System Architecture
4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Cryptography is one of the most notable and desired
techniques to protect the data from attackers by using two
essential processes. These processesarelistedasEncryption
and Decryption. Encryption is the process of converting the
data to stop it from attackers to read the original data
clearly. Encryption involves conversion of plain text to
unreadable format. It is known as cipher text. The user
cannot read the above format. Hence, thenextprocessthatis
carried out by the user is Decryption. In the world of
computing, there exist security issues for storing the data in
cloud. In order to secure data in cloud AES encryption
technique is used in this project. Advanced Encryption
Standard is a block cipher with a block length of 128 bits. It
permits three different key lengths: 256, 192,128 or bits.
5. IMPLEMENTATION OF AES ALGORITHM
The matrix of 4x4 consisting of 128 bytes input block is
known as the state array. The processofencryption revolves
around four stages namely mix, columns, sub bytes, add
round key and shift rows.
 Sub Bytes – It is defined as substitution step. It is non-
linear. Each byte is restored withanotheraccordingtoS-box.
The operation gives an indirect proportion in cipher. The
resultant matrix consists of four columns and four rows.
Fig No. 1.2 Byte substitution
 Shift Rows – It is stage where each row is rotated
repetitively a definite number of times. It is also known as
permutation. The four rows in the matrix are rotated
accordingly. The rows are shifted to the left. Shift is carried
out as Row1 is not rotated. Row2 is shifted one byte place to
the left. Row3 is shifted two places to theleft.Row4isshifted
three places to the left. The resultant matrix consists of the
16 bytes but rotated with respect to each other.
Fig No. 1.3 Shift Rows
 Mix Columns –In this step, each column is changed using
matrix multiplication. Each column consists of four bytes.
The resultant matrix consists of 16 bytes. The input is taken
for each column. It takes four bytes. The output produces
four bytes which is entirely different from the four bytes
given as input
Fig No.1.4 Mix Columns
 Add Round Key – The round key is bounded to each byte of
state. In this particular step, the matrix is XO-Red with the
round key. A 4x4 matrix represents the original key. It
contains 128bits. This 4 words key where each word is of 4
bytes, is converted to a 43 words key. The first four words
represent W[0], W[1], W[2], and W[3].
6. MODULE IMPLEMENTATION
The proposed system is designed to maintain security of not
only text files but also image files of any format (.jpg, .jpeg,
.png). This proposed system uses Advances Encryption
Standard algorithm to perform encryption. When user
uploads the image or text files in Cloud Storage, the file is
encryptrd. Inverse AES algorithm is used decrypt the file
when the user downloads it from Cloud Storage. This
increases the security. The system is designed to maintain
security of text files and image files. The proposed system
design focuses on the following objectives which are helpful
in increasing the security of data storage. The modules are
classified into partially independentandpartiallydependent
modules such as the data owners module, data user module,
cloud administrator module.
1. DATA OWNER MODULE
In this module, data owner has legitimate rights and
complete control over a single piece of data or collection of

data elements of the cloud. In this module, data owner has
the authority to edit, modify, create,shareandrestrictaccess
to the cloud data. Data owner is the one whowantstospread
his business with the help of website then he/she has to set
up the servers and maintenanceofserverswhichleadsto the
high cost. In this system, the owner of data can access and
archive the data stored by the Cloud Service Provider. The
data user has to be given authority by data owner to access,
manipulate or perform any action on cloud data. The
following are features of data owner module.
 Data user sends a key request to data owner and
intern to the cloud.
 File upload section is where the user uploads files
either of .txt, .jpg, and .png format. The file then is
encrypted using the key generated by AES
algorithm in the cloud administrator module.
 Encryption section of this moduleencryptstextfiles
and also image files of any format (.jpg, .jpeg, .png).
This module uses AES algorithm to generate
encryption.
 When user uploads the image or text files in Cloud
Storage, the file is encryptrd. Inverse AES algorithm
is used decrypt the file when the user downloads it
from Cloud Storage. This increases the security.
 View user request section of this moduleismerelya
page to view key requests sent by the data user
along with additional information.
Fig No. 1.5 Use Case Diagram of Data Owner
2. DATA USER MODULE
Data user uses the cloud to store data and access it at any
point of time. The data user just wants to use the application
software such as Ms Office, Paint Brush, and Image
Processing Software etc. This sort of service is provided by
Software as a Service model of cloud computing which gives
freedom to the user from getting license of software. The
features of data user module include the following;
 Registration module is present for new users to
register by providing details such as username and
password.
 Log-in module allows user to log in to one’s cloud
data segment.
 The user can search for required files present in the
cloud storage. These files are uploaded by the data
owner. They are present in encrypted format.
Hence, data user must requestdata ownerforkeyto
decrypt the file and download it.
 The request for key can be sent in the key request
page of this module.
 Using the key sent by data owner, the data user can
decrypt the file and download it.
Fig No. 1.6 Use Case Diagram of Data User
3. CLOUD ADMINISTRATOR MODULE
The cloud administrator module depicts the cloud service
providers in the system. There are various cloud service
providers which includes Microsoft azure, cisco, Google,
Verizon, etc. In this module, cloud administrators have two
main responsibilitiesie.,itconfigurestheCloudManagement
service and it supervises and manages the services. The
features of cloud administrator module include the
following:
 The cloud administrators can outlook pending
requests for cloud resources
 It accepts to change requests linked with
moderations to cloud resource.
 It can view and examine the data on cloud resource
deployments
 It supervises key metrics and requests for cloud
resources
 It helps to run Discovery on the cloud resources
7. CONCLUSIONS
Cloud computing is a promising and emerging technology
for the next generation of IT applications. Cryptography is
one of the most important and prominent skill to secure the
data from hackers by using the essential processes that is
Encryption and Decryption. AES encryption is the speedy
method that has the flexibility and is easy to implement.
Data can also protect against future attacks such as smash
attacks. AES encryption algorithmhashighperformanceand
very little storage space without any restrictionswhileother

symmetric algorithms have some restrictions and
differences in storage space and performance. The
implementation of Advanced Encryption Standard for
securing data bestows benefits of less computationtimeand
less memory consumption in contrast to other algorithms.
Though each cloud infrastructure has its own security
strengths; the user can choose infrastructure according to
his security. Each of the cloud providers has their own set of
rules, pricing, flexibility, support and other important
parameters. The key consideration dealt in this proposed
system is the encryption technique to secure data for the
users. The approach used in this work, will help to make a
strong structure for security of data in cloud computing field
or web.
8. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
Security is an important aspect of cloud computing. The
strength of cloud computing is the ability to manage risks in
particular to security issues. Securityalgorithmscanbeused
for implementing encryption and decryption techniques to
secure data .In future, the key length can be expanded using
any other key generation algorithm. The AES algorithmuses
128 bits. This includes ten rounds orcyclesofAESalgorithm.
In future this can be extended to 192 or 256 bits. If 192 bit
key is used, the number of cycles will be 12. When the key
size is 256 bits there are 14 rounds. The increased key size
can produce more number of keys and also the security can
be enhanced. The storage node availability is checked bythe
server. In cloud, there are several storage nodesavailable.In
this present work, at the maximum of four nodes are taken
into consideration. In future, this value can be extended. In
the present work, there is a need for storing the values of IP
address and the random keys. This is time consuming and it
may take some amount of memory space. In future, using
some other techniques, the time and memory space can be
minimized. Cost of the storage node can be calculated and
reduced. In this work the storage nodes are selected from
the same cloud. In future select the storage nodes can be
selected from different cloud providers and the cost
calculated. And using this, it can be decided to reduce the
cost. The cost calculated by different cloud providers may
vary. Depending on the time whether it is peak time or not,
the cost will be calculated by CSPs. The future work of the
proposed system will be extended byimprovingspeedofthe
decryption process and also plannedtoreducethesizeof the
cover image using the compression technique.
REFERENCES
[1] Ch. Chakradhara Rao and A.V.Ramana,”Data Security in
Cloud Computing”, International Journal of Current Trends
in Engineering and Research
[2] Arijit Ukil, Debasish Jana and Ajanta De Sarkar, “A
Security Framework In Cloud Computing Infrastructure”,
International Journal of Network Security and Its
Applications, Vol.5, Issue No.5
[3] Nasarul Islam.K.V,“Analysis of Various Encryption
Algorithms in Cloud Computing”, International Journal of
Computer Science and Mobile Computing, July 2017
[4] Rachna Arora and Anshu Parashar, “Secure user data in
cloud computing using encryptionalgorithms”,International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications , July-
August, 2013
[5] Amrita Parashar, “Services & Security of Cloud
Computing Using DES”,International Journal of Computer &
Mathematical Sciences, May 2016
[6] Roshani Raghatate , Sneha Humne and Roshna Wadhwe,
“A Survey on Secure Cloud Computing using AES
Algorithm”,International Journal of Computer Science and
Mobile Computing, December 2014
[7] V.Surya, S.Ranichandra and R.Ranjani, “Secure Cloud
Storage Using AES Encryption”, International Journal of
Innovative Research in Computer and Communication
Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 6,ISSN 2320-9801

IRJET- Cloud Data Security using AES Algorithm

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