IRJET- Fire Fighting Robot using Arduino
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This document describes the design and implementation of a firefighting robot controlled remotely using an Arduino, XBEE wireless module, and graphical user interface. The robot is equipped with a water tank, pump, motors to move in different directions, and a wireless camera for viewing its operations remotely. Sensors detect fire and the user controls the robot's movement and pump using the interface to approach and extinguish fires when people cannot safely do so themselves. The modular design allows individuals to work independently on components like sensing, movement, and wireless control that are then integrated on the robot to locate and fight fires without obstacles.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3577
Fire Fighting Robot Using Arduino
Komal N. Ambadkar1, Vaishnavee A. Gorte2, Shravasti M. Rekhate3, Renuka D. Nichit4,
Pratik A. Gaupal5, P. K .Khedkar6
1,2,3,4,5Student, P. R. Patil College of Engineering & Technology, Amravati, India
6Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, P. R. Patil College of Engineering & Technology, Amravati, India
----------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The project is designed to develop a fire
fighting robot usingXBEE module for remote operation. The
robotic vehicle is loaded with water tanker and a pump
which is controlled over wireless communication to throw
water. An Arduino is used for the desired operation. At the
transmitting end using GUI, commands are sent to the
receiver to control the movement of the robot either to move
forward, backward and left or right etc. Atthe receiving end
three motors are interfaced to Arduino UNO where two of
them are used for the movement of the vehicle and
remaining one for the pump .The RF transmitter act as a RF
remote control that has the advantage of adequate range
(up to 300 meters) with proper antenna, while the receiver
decodes before feeding it to another Arduino UNO to drive
DC motors via motor driver IC for necessary work.Thewhole
operation iscontrolled by an ArduinoUNO. Amotordriver IC
is interfaced to the Arduino UNO through which the
controller drives the motors. Further the project is modified
by interfacing it with a wireless camera so that the person
controlling it can view operation of the robot remotely on a
screen.
1. INTRODUCTION
Advances in economic growth in modern industrialized
society have resulted in factories complex office buildings
and dense apartment blocks located inmetropolitanareas.
When a fire occurs in such places, fire-fighting is difficult
due to mazes of crowed buildings, high temperatures,
smoke and the danger of explosion. Fire causes enormous
damage to life and property.
Current fire-fighting systems are based on humans using
water guns andchemical fire repressionsystems.However,
humans cannot work effectively inall fireenvironments.In
this case, it is desirable to extinguish a fire quickly using
fire- fighting robots. Recently, in order to cope with
catastrophic firerelatedaccidents,researchonfire-fighting
robots has advanced inmany countriesFire-fightingrobots
are operated in places where fire-fighters are not able to
work. Hence, it is desirable to control firefighting robots
using a remote control system located away from the fire.
In order to control fire-fighting robots in remote places,
robust radio communication systems are necessary. The
robot is monitored through a wireless camera present on
it’s top from the remotely situated control station using
XBEE module. Thus according to the status of the various
sensors of the robot, user can take required action. With
the development in the field of robotics, human intrusion
has become less and robots are being widely used for
safety purpose. In our day-to-day life, fire accidents have
become common and sometimes may lead to hazards that
make it hard for the firemen to protect human life. In such
cases, a fire fighting robot is used to guard human lives,
wealth, and surroundings from the fire accidents.[2] This
fire fighting robot project is an advanced project for
engineering students, who are interested in robotics. This
project incorporates RF technology for remote operation
and also uses 8051 microcontroller. A fire-fighting robotis
capable of detecting fire if a house catches fire while
someone in the house is either sleeping or not present in
the house.
2. IMPLEMENTATION
There are several components and technologies that have
been used to implement the robot. The implementation of
project consists of two parts.
1] Hardware Implementation: The robot is constructed
from scratch using plywood frame work. Using plywood
from the framework is desirable for its stability and
strength. Build a chassis such that the robot has to enough
space for the water can and all the electronic components
equipments that required for this project. The chassisuses
four rubber dummy wheels. Fixed two dc motor on each
side at the bottom and water can between two plywood
frame. The sensors have to be fixed in front of the robot
such way that sensors can detect the flame in front of the
robot. Design the PCB and mounted all electronic
components on it. The outlet of the water pump should be
fixed at center of the robot facing towards front of the
robot. Wireless camera is for user to detect the fire.
2] Software Implementation: The robot is implemented
using simple open source technologies. For
communications a modified XBEE module is used. The
heart of robot is programmable Arduino UNO. Arduino is
an open source embedded system that provides a low cost
interface between high level softwareandrobothardware.
In this software, we can also used matlab software. Matlab
helps to create and easier interface and processing data
from sensors easily.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i4756-190710093454/85/IRJET-Fire-Fighting-Robot-using-Arduino-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3578
3. WORKING
The main controlling unit of this robot is ARDUINO, which
is connected with fire sensing unit The fire sensing unit
consist of temperature sensor, smoke sensor and gas
sensor. The robot consist of wireless camera which will
transfer front view of robot to the receiving unit , which is
controlled by user . The receiving unit consist of XBEE
arduino computer and camera receiving unit. By operating
GUI and looking at front view of the camera the operator of
robot can take decision and operate robot as per his
decision.
Fig: Prototype
The robot unitalsoconsist ofmotorsandmotordrivingunit
L298 as per the requirement arduino can control the
motors. When the sensing unit dataisabovethresholdlevel
i.e. high temp and smoke is detected the sprinkler will be
switched on. This unit consist of sprinkler pump, water
tank, relay and relay driver circuit. The robot unitsupplied
with powered with battery of specification 12 v,1.2amp.
The main brain of this project is the Arduino, but in-order
to sense fire we use the fire sensor (Temp sensor) that is
shown below which is used to detect the fire. the output
pin (DO) will give 0V(LOW) and if the is no fire the output
pin will be 5V(HIGH). So, we place three such sensors in
three directions of the robottosenseon whichdirectionthe
fire is burning.
We detect the direction of the fire we can use the motors to
move near the fire by driving our motors throughtheL298.
When near a fire we have to put it out using water. Using a
small container we can carry water, a 5V pump is also
placed in the container we can control the direction in
which the water has to be sprayed. Let’s proceed with the
connections now[4].
4. CONCLUSION
Fire causes tremendous damage and lossof human lifeand
property. Recently, inorder to cope with such catastrophic
accidents, research on fire-fighting robots has been carried
out inmanycountries. Itissometimesimpossibleforrobots
in dangerous places, robust radio communication systems
are one of the important Components of the robots. The
movement of the robot is controlled by the sensors which
are fixed on the mobile platform. Experimental results are
carried out for a four wheel mobile robot to illustrate the
proposed methodology.Theresultsshowthattheproposed
robot model is successfully implemented.
In conclusion, our approachofmodulardesignstrategywas
a good solution in implementing the firefighting robot as it
made it easier for individuals to work on their tasks
independently. The extensiveuseof ArduinoUNOsensured
the integration step to be simpler. There were still some
problems at integration step but they were solved easily
because debuggingcan bedone on each module.Therefore,
our final model of the robot can successfully find “fire” and
reach it without running into obstacles. Throughout the
project, our technical knowledge was put to practical use
and hence learnt many technical skills.
REFERENCES
1. K. Altaf, A. Akbar and B. Ijaz, "Design and
Construction of an Autonomous Fire Fighting
Robot," 2007 International Conference on
Information and Emerging Technologies,Karachi,
2007, pp. 1-5. doi: 10.1109/ICIET.2007.4381341
2. J. Suresh, "Fire-fighting robot," 2017International
Conference on Computational IntelligenceinData
Science(ICCIDS), Chennai, 2017, pp. 1-4. doi:
10.1109/ICCIDS.2017.8272649
3. A. Hassanein, M. Elhawary, N. Jaber andM.El-Abd,
"An autonomous firefighting robot," 2015
International Conference on Advanced Robotics
(ICAR), Istanbul, 2015, pp. 530-535. doi:
10.1109/ICAR.2015.7251507
4. J. S. C. Bose, M. Mehrez, A. S. Badawy, W. Ghribi, H.
Bangali andA.Basha,"Developmentanddesigning
of fire fighter robotics using cyber security," 2017
2nd International Conference on Anti-Cyber
Crimes (ICACC), Abha, 2017, pp. 118-122.
doi: 10.1109/Anti-Cybercrime.2017.7905275
5. B. S. Sampath, "Automatic fire extinguisher
robot," 2011 8th International Conference on
Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence
(URAI), Incheon, 2011, pp. 215-218. doi:
10.1109/URAI.2011.6145964
6. S. Dearie, K. Fisher, B. Rajala and S. Wasson,
"Design and construction of a fully autonomous
fire fighting robot," Proceedings: Electrical
InsulationConferenceandElectricalManufacturing
and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.01CH37264),
Cincinnati, OH, USA, 2001,pp.303-310.
doi: 10.1109/EEIC.2001.965638](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i4756-190710093454/85/IRJET-Fire-Fighting-Robot-using-Arduino-2-320.jpg)
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robot using Arduino
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3577 Fire Fighting Robot Using Arduino Komal N. Ambadkar1, Vaishnavee A. Gorte2, Shravasti M. Rekhate3, Renuka D. Nichit4, Pratik A. Gaupal5, P. K .Khedkar6 1,2,3,4,5Student, P. R. Patil College of Engineering & Technology, Amravati, India 6Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, P. R. Patil College of Engineering & Technology, Amravati, India ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The project is designed to develop a fire fighting robot usingXBEE module for remote operation. The robotic vehicle is loaded with water tanker and a pump which is controlled over wireless communication to throw water. An Arduino is used for the desired operation. At the transmitting end using GUI, commands are sent to the receiver to control the movement of the robot either to move forward, backward and left or right etc. Atthe receiving end three motors are interfaced to Arduino UNO where two of them are used for the movement of the vehicle and remaining one for the pump .The RF transmitter act as a RF remote control that has the advantage of adequate range (up to 300 meters) with proper antenna, while the receiver decodes before feeding it to another Arduino UNO to drive DC motors via motor driver IC for necessary work.Thewhole operation iscontrolled by an ArduinoUNO. Amotordriver IC is interfaced to the Arduino UNO through which the controller drives the motors. Further the project is modified by interfacing it with a wireless camera so that the person controlling it can view operation of the robot remotely on a screen. 1. INTRODUCTION Advances in economic growth in modern industrialized society have resulted in factories complex office buildings and dense apartment blocks located inmetropolitanareas. When a fire occurs in such places, fire-fighting is difficult due to mazes of crowed buildings, high temperatures, smoke and the danger of explosion. Fire causes enormous damage to life and property. Current fire-fighting systems are based on humans using water guns andchemical fire repressionsystems.However, humans cannot work effectively inall fireenvironments.In this case, it is desirable to extinguish a fire quickly using fire- fighting robots. Recently, in order to cope with catastrophic firerelatedaccidents,researchonfire-fighting robots has advanced inmany countriesFire-fightingrobots are operated in places where fire-fighters are not able to work. Hence, it is desirable to control firefighting robots using a remote control system located away from the fire. In order to control fire-fighting robots in remote places, robust radio communication systems are necessary. The robot is monitored through a wireless camera present on it’s top from the remotely situated control station using XBEE module. Thus according to the status of the various sensors of the robot, user can take required action. With the development in the field of robotics, human intrusion has become less and robots are being widely used for safety purpose. In our day-to-day life, fire accidents have become common and sometimes may lead to hazards that make it hard for the firemen to protect human life. In such cases, a fire fighting robot is used to guard human lives, wealth, and surroundings from the fire accidents.[2] This fire fighting robot project is an advanced project for engineering students, who are interested in robotics. This project incorporates RF technology for remote operation and also uses 8051 microcontroller. A fire-fighting robotis capable of detecting fire if a house catches fire while someone in the house is either sleeping or not present in the house. 2. IMPLEMENTATION There are several components and technologies that have been used to implement the robot. The implementation of project consists of two parts. 1] Hardware Implementation: The robot is constructed from scratch using plywood frame work. Using plywood from the framework is desirable for its stability and strength. Build a chassis such that the robot has to enough space for the water can and all the electronic components equipments that required for this project. The chassisuses four rubber dummy wheels. Fixed two dc motor on each side at the bottom and water can between two plywood frame. The sensors have to be fixed in front of the robot such way that sensors can detect the flame in front of the robot. Design the PCB and mounted all electronic components on it. The outlet of the water pump should be fixed at center of the robot facing towards front of the robot. Wireless camera is for user to detect the fire. 2] Software Implementation: The robot is implemented using simple open source technologies. For communications a modified XBEE module is used. The heart of robot is programmable Arduino UNO. Arduino is an open source embedded system that provides a low cost interface between high level softwareandrobothardware. In this software, we can also used matlab software. Matlab helps to create and easier interface and processing data from sensors easily.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3578 3. WORKING The main controlling unit of this robot is ARDUINO, which is connected with fire sensing unit The fire sensing unit consist of temperature sensor, smoke sensor and gas sensor. The robot consist of wireless camera which will transfer front view of robot to the receiving unit , which is controlled by user . The receiving unit consist of XBEE arduino computer and camera receiving unit. By operating GUI and looking at front view of the camera the operator of robot can take decision and operate robot as per his decision. Fig: Prototype The robot unitalsoconsist ofmotorsandmotordrivingunit L298 as per the requirement arduino can control the motors. When the sensing unit dataisabovethresholdlevel i.e. high temp and smoke is detected the sprinkler will be switched on. This unit consist of sprinkler pump, water tank, relay and relay driver circuit. The robot unitsupplied with powered with battery of specification 12 v,1.2amp. The main brain of this project is the Arduino, but in-order to sense fire we use the fire sensor (Temp sensor) that is shown below which is used to detect the fire. the output pin (DO) will give 0V(LOW) and if the is no fire the output pin will be 5V(HIGH). So, we place three such sensors in three directions of the robottosenseon whichdirectionthe fire is burning. We detect the direction of the fire we can use the motors to move near the fire by driving our motors throughtheL298. When near a fire we have to put it out using water. Using a small container we can carry water, a 5V pump is also placed in the container we can control the direction in which the water has to be sprayed. Let’s proceed with the connections now[4]. 4. CONCLUSION Fire causes tremendous damage and lossof human lifeand property. Recently, inorder to cope with such catastrophic accidents, research on fire-fighting robots has been carried out inmanycountries. Itissometimesimpossibleforrobots in dangerous places, robust radio communication systems are one of the important Components of the robots. The movement of the robot is controlled by the sensors which are fixed on the mobile platform. Experimental results are carried out for a four wheel mobile robot to illustrate the proposed methodology.Theresultsshowthattheproposed robot model is successfully implemented. In conclusion, our approachofmodulardesignstrategywas a good solution in implementing the firefighting robot as it made it easier for individuals to work on their tasks independently. The extensiveuseof ArduinoUNOsensured the integration step to be simpler. There were still some problems at integration step but they were solved easily because debuggingcan bedone on each module.Therefore, our final model of the robot can successfully find “fire” and reach it without running into obstacles. Throughout the project, our technical knowledge was put to practical use and hence learnt many technical skills. REFERENCES 1. K. Altaf, A. Akbar and B. Ijaz, "Design and Construction of an Autonomous Fire Fighting Robot," 2007 International Conference on Information and Emerging Technologies,Karachi, 2007, pp. 1-5. doi: 10.1109/ICIET.2007.4381341 2. J. Suresh, "Fire-fighting robot," 2017International Conference on Computational IntelligenceinData Science(ICCIDS), Chennai, 2017, pp. 1-4. doi: 10.1109/ICCIDS.2017.8272649 3. A. Hassanein, M. Elhawary, N. Jaber andM.El-Abd, "An autonomous firefighting robot," 2015 International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR), Istanbul, 2015, pp. 530-535. doi: 10.1109/ICAR.2015.7251507 4. J. S. C. Bose, M. Mehrez, A. S. Badawy, W. Ghribi, H. Bangali andA.Basha,"Developmentanddesigning of fire fighter robotics using cyber security," 2017 2nd International Conference on Anti-Cyber Crimes (ICACC), Abha, 2017, pp. 118-122. doi: 10.1109/Anti-Cybercrime.2017.7905275 5. B. S. Sampath, "Automatic fire extinguisher robot," 2011 8th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI), Incheon, 2011, pp. 215-218. doi: 10.1109/URAI.2011.6145964 6. S. Dearie, K. Fisher, B. Rajala and S. Wasson, "Design and construction of a fully autonomous fire fighting robot," Proceedings: Electrical InsulationConferenceandElectricalManufacturing and Coil Winding Conference (Cat. No.01CH37264), Cincinnati, OH, USA, 2001,pp.303-310. doi: 10.1109/EEIC.2001.965638