![6. Thus, the required DSN is created after clicking on ‘OK’ button.
[in our case Microsoft Access Database has been created. ]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/javadatabaseconnectivity-241105042150-4a9fbc87/85/Java-Database-Connectivity-by-shreyash-simu-dbce-pptx-47-320.jpg)
![6. Thus, the required DSN is created after clicking on ‘OK’ button.
[in our case Microsoft Access Database has been created. ]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/javadatabaseconnectivity-241105042150-4a9fbc87/85/Java-Database-Connectivity-by-shreyash-simu-dbce-pptx-48-320.jpg)
Java Database Connectivity by shreyash simu dbce.pptx
- 1. JDBC is a phrase that is used to specify Java Database Connectivity. It is an interface with the Java Application Program known as Application Programming Interface (API) on one end and the data set defined as a database on another end. It is used to link an application written in Java language in any platform, that is, operating systems such as Windows, Unix and Fedora, and many others with Database as backend. JAVA API JDBC Database
- 2. •JDBC drivers implement the defined interfaces in the JDBC API, for interacting with your database server. •For example, JDBC drivers enable you to open database connections and to interact with it by sending SQL or database commands then receiving results with Java. •The Java.sql package that ships with JDK, contains various classes with their behaviours defined and their actual implementaions are done in third-party drivers. • Third party vendors implements the java.sql.Driver interface in their database driver.
- 3. This backend can be any database like MS Access, Oracle, ‘My SQL’ and ‘SQL Server’. It allows any java program to execute SQL (Structured Query Language) statements and retrieve results, modify data and delete data. Different Java API’S that JDBC can link to Database are: 1.Core Java (Java Standard Edition or Java SE) supports: Java Application and Java Applet 2.Advanced Java(Java Enterprise Edition or Java EE) supports: Servlet ,Java Server Page (JSP) ,and Enterprise Java Bean (EJB).
- 4. JDBC Architecture JDBC-API may be defined based on one-tier, two-tier, three-tier or N- tier architectures depending upon the server (where database generally resides) and the client programs. 1 tier architecture: also known as single-tier architecture, is software architecture in which all the required components for the working of application are available under the same package.
- 5. 2 tier architecture: 2 tier architecture is the one in which the user interface layer and the database layer are located in two different machines. It means that the client and the server are not on the same computer.
- 6. 3 tier architecture: Unlike 2 tier architecture, 2 servers perform the major tasks in this application. One server is for the business layer and the other is the database layer.
- 7. JDBC API: Gives a strong link between the Java Application and the JDBC. JDBC Driver API: Gives the connectivity between JDBC and the Driver. Java Application JDBC JDBC API JDBC Driver API Driver
- 8. •The drivers are previously installed in the computer for providing link to the different databases. • The DriverManager class defines different drivers for multiple data source. •The driver manager supports many simultaneous drivers connected to different assorted databases.
- 9. Core Components of JDBC
- 10. DriverManager: • Class resides under java.sql package and is defined as the primary component of JDBC. •DriverManager organizes the database drivers, loads all the drivers of different databases selection of suitable database driver when a new connection is recognized.
- 11. Different Types of JDBC Drivers JDBC driver implementations vary because of 1. the wide variety of operating systems 2. hardware platforms in which Java operates. Sun has divided the implementation types into four categories: • Types 1, 2, 3, and 4,
- 12. Type 1: JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver : •In this driver, the JDBC bridge is created to access ODBC drivers installed on different client machines. •The configuration of Data Source Name (DSN) in the system defines the target database by means of ODBC. • it receives any JDBC calls and sends them to ODBC(Open Database Connectivity) driver. •ODBC driver understands these calls and communicates with database library provided by vendor. CLIENT MACHINE JDBC-ODBC BRIDGE DRIVER ODBC DRIVER VENDOR DB LIBRARY SERVER MACHINE DATABASE SERVER
- 13. Type 2: JDBC-Native API : •In a Type 2 driver, It converts JDBC calls into database-specific calls with the help of vendor Database Library. •It communicates directly with database server therefore requires that some binary code be present on client machine. CLIENT MACHINE Native API- Partly Java Driver VENDOR DB LIBRARY SERVER MACHINE DATABASE SERVER
- 14. Type 3: JDBC-Net pure Java •In a Type 3 driver, a three-tier approach is used to access databases. •JDBC database requests are passed through the network to a middle tier Server (ex. Net Server) •Middle Tier server translates the request to database specific library and then snds it to database server. •Database server then executes the request and gives back result. CLIENT MACHINE SERVER MACHINE DATABASE MACHINE Net- Protocol Pure Java Driver Middle ware server Database server
- 15. Type 4: 100% Pure Java •This Driver converts JDBC calls into Vendor specific (DBMS)protocol so that client applications can communicate directly with database Server. •Level 4 drivers are completely implemented in Java to achieve platform independence and eliminate deployment administration issues. •MySQL’s Connector/J driver is a Type 4 driver. CLIENT MACHINE Net-Protocol Pure Java Driver SERVER MACHINE DATABASE SERVER
- 16. Which Driver Should be Used? •If any one type of database is accessed, such as Oracle, SQL Server or MYSQL, the preferred driver type is 4. • If multiple types of databases are accessed at the same time by the Java application, the Type 3 is the preferred driver. •If Type 3 or Type 4 drivers are not available for the database then Type 2 drivers are useful in this situation. • The Type 1 driver is used for development and testing purposes only since it is not considered as the deployment-level driver.
- 17. Connection: Connection interface contains concept for the admission of recognition with a database. The DriverManager implements the Connection interface. A Connection object is obtained using the getConnection() function call. Syntax: Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dburl, usrname, passwrd);
- 18. Statement : •The Statement interface defines a generalized construct to run different SQL statements. •It implements ResultSet Object to show the resultant dataset •Every object of the Statement interface consists of one ResultSet object. •The execute() method in Statement closes its contemporary resultant data set if it is previously opened. •PreparedStatement interface and CallableStatement interface are two dedicated sub interfaces of the Statement interface. •A Statement object is created by using the createStatement() method Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
- 19. The statement can be executed for the retrieval of the dataset based on the ResultSet using executeQuery(query); method This can be repeated until and unless the End Of File (EOF) is encountered. Emp Table Above example selects all the tuples from the employee table defined as ‘EMP’. res.next() method returns true until and unless it reaches the EOF and false otherwise.
- 20. PreparedStatement : PreparedStatement remains under the Statement as a sub interface hierarchically. It uses compilation before hand and hence execution procedure of the PreparedStatement is comparably faster than the Statement interface, since, the PreparedStatement is already prepared for execution. PreparedStatement object is retrieved from the object of Connection using the following method.
- 21. PreparedStatement has a set of setXX() functions too along with parameters. In setString() the index starts from 1 (means the first attribute) and not 0. The setXX() methods, like setString(), setInt() should be called prior to the calling of the executeUpdate() method.
- 22. CallableStatement : It inherits the properties of the PreparedStatement and includes methods suitable for procedure calls . Hence CallableStatement is used to run SQL procedures. CallableStatement interface is used to call the stored procedures and functions. We can have business logic on the database by the use of stored procedures and functions that will make the performance better because these are precompiled. Suppose you need to get the age of the employee based on the date of birth, you may create a function that receives date as the input and returns age of the employee as the output.
- 23. The prepareCall() method of Connection interface returns the instance of CallableStatement. example: public CallableStatement prepareCall("{ call procedurename(?,?...?)}"); CallableStatement stmt=con.prepareCall("{call myprocedure(?,?)}");
- 24. ResultSet : •The ResultSet interface provides a data set in the form of a table. • It is given as the output of the resultant data by implementing a SQL statement within JDBC program. •It defines an iterative process based on the “rs.next()” method returning false if the EOF marker (End Of File marker) is reached.
- 25. RowId: • Defines the memory location on which a row or dataset is stored. •It returns the address of a row. •It spots a row in a database uniquely. •RowId is a built-in data type in JDBC particularly used during the returning of the address of a row.
- 26. SQLException Methods: A SQLException pops up when some conditional mismatch occurs either in the driver or in the database itself. If this type of exception pops up, an object of SQLException is cascaded as input to the catch block. The following methods are some basic common exceptions that are handled for getting information for the thrown exception.
- 28. JDBC Data Types:
- 29. JDBC Example A JDBC application should include the following steps: 1.Importing the different packages 2.Registration of the JDBC driver 3.Commence a connection 4.Generate a statement 5.Run a query 6.Take out required data based on the result set 7.Close result set, statement and connection (Data Cleaning)
- 30. MYSQL BASICS One has to install MySql 5.7
- 31. MYSQL BASICS Show existing databases Once installed open Mysql 5.7 Command Line Client
- 32. Create Database and Create Table
- 33. Insert into tables and Select query
- 34. JDBC Example A JDBC application should include the following steps: 1.Importing the different packages 2.Registration of the JDBC driver 3.Establish a connection 4.Generate a Sql statement 5.Run/Execute a statement containing query 6.Take out required data based on the result set 7.Close connection (Data Cleaning)
- 36. Output:
- 37. The JDBC driver is a collection of predefined Java classes enabling the communication based on a defined database. A driver is a hardware/software that makes two separate computing systems talk to each other. For instance, Oracle will have its own JDBC driver and MySQL another definitive JDBC driver implementing enormous interfaces. While using a given driver, it uses the model JDBC interface. Consequently, we can generate a new JDBC driver considering the JDBC code as a black box. public static void forName(String className) throws ClassNotFoundException
- 38. After loading and initializing the said driver, we need the communication or link with the database. All such communications with the JAVA Application are established through the Connection object. Multiple connections can commence at a time for communicating with the same database. We can do that in two different ways. 1. Creating a DSN (Data Source Name) – This procedure is ideal since it provides the detailed information of the data source to the respective Java application. It is better compared to the ‘DriverManager’ class definition concept. // Here dsn is the “Data Source Name” DSN stands for Data Source Name. conn= DriverManager.getConnection(“jdbc:odbc:dsn”);
- 39. DSN Name: creates a link between the JDBC driver and the ODBC driver (created to connect Oracle/MySQL/SQLServer/MSAccess). A DSN must be created prior to the execution of the program and following are the steps for doing that in Windows versions.
- 40. The system may be a 32-bit processor or a 64-bit processor in Windows platform. 1.Search for ODBC Data Sources app and click on one based on your system’s processor (64 bit or 32 bit)resp.
- 41. 2. Double click to open the following dialog box
- 42. 3. Select “System DSN” tab. As a result, DSN can be created, connecting databases with applications across other computer systems connected in a network (LAN). This is very important for ‘Distributed Systems’.
- 43. 4. For adding a new DSN, the ‘ADD’ button should be clicked. It opens the following dialog showing all the drivers of different types of files based on which a DSN can be created. Selecting a required driver, the ‘Finish’ button is clicked.
- 44. 5. After clicking on the ‘Finish’ button the dialog ‘ODBC Microsoft Access Setup’ is invoked.
- 45. 6. After this ‘Select’ button should be clicked and necessary database should be selected.
- 46. 6. After this ‘Select’ button should be clicked and necessary database should be selected.
- 47. 6. Thus, the required DSN is created after clicking on ‘OK’ button. [in our case Microsoft Access Database has been created. ]
- 48. 6. Thus, the required DSN is created after clicking on ‘OK’ button. [in our case Microsoft Access Database has been created. ]
- 49. Now you can write a program to retrieve data from MS Access database
- 50. INSERT BULK DATA Transection INTO THE TABLE USING PreparedStatement Interface
- 51. Output:
- 52. Thank You