Part 4 - Hadoop Data Output and Reporting using OBIEE11g

Lesson 4 : Hadoop Data Output and
Reporting using OBIEE 11g
Mark Rittman, CTO, Rittman Mead
SIOUG and HROUG Conferences, Oct 2014
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E : info@rittmanmead.com
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Moving Data In, Around and Out of Hadoop
•Three stages to Hadoop data movement, with dedicated Apache / other tools
‣Load : receive files in batch, or in real-time (logs, events)
‣Transform : process & transform data to answer questions
‣Store / Export : store in structured form, or export to RDBMS using Sqoop
RDBMS
Imports
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Loading
Stage
!!!!
Processing
Stage
!!!!
Store / Export
Stage
!!!!
Real-Time
Logs / Events
File /
Unstructured
Imports
File
Exports
RDBMS
Exports

Discovery vs. Exploitation Project Phases
•Discovery and monetising steps in Big Data projects have different requirements
•Discovery phase
‣Unbounded discovery
‣Self-Service sandbox
‣Wide toolset
•Promotion to Exploitation
‣Commercial exploitation
‣Narrower toolset
‣Integration to operations
‣Non-functional requirements
‣Code standardisation & governance
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Actionable
Events
Event Engine Enterprise
www.rittmanmead.com inquiries@rittmanmead.com @rittmanmead
Information Store
Reporting
Discovery Lab
Actionable
Information
Actionable
Insights
Input
Events
Execution
Innovation
Discovery
Output
Events
& Data
Structured
Enterprise
Data
Other
Data
Data
Reservoir
Data Factory
Information Solution

Actionable
Events
Event Engine Enterprise
www.rittmanmead.com inquiries@rittmanmead.com @rittmanmead
Information Store
Reporting
Discovery Lab
Actionable
Information
Actionable
Insights
Input
Events
Execution
Innovation
Discovery
Output
Events
& Data
Data
Reservoir
Data Factory
Information Solution

Design Pattern : Information Solution
•Specific solution based on Big Data technologies requiring broader
integration to the wider Information Management estate
e.g. ETL pre-processor for the DW or affordably store a lower level of
grain
•Non-functional requirements more critical in this solution
•Scalable integration to IM estate
an important factor for success
•Analysis may take place in Reservoir
or Reservoir only used as an aggregator
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Options for Sharing Hadoop Output with Wider Audience
•During the discovery phase of a Hadoop project, audience are likely technical
‣Most comfortable with data analyst tools, command-line, low-level access to the data
•During the exploitation phase, audience will be less technical
‣Emphasis on graphical tools, and integration with wider reporting toolset + metadata
•Three main options for visualising and sharing Hadoop data
1.Coming Soon - Oracle Big Data Discovery (Endeca on Hadoop)
2.OBIEE reporting against Hadoop
direct using Hive/Impala, or Oracle Big Data SQL
3.OBIEE reporting against an export of the
Hadoop data, on Exalytics / RDBMS
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Oracle Big Data Discovery
•Launched at Oracle Openworld 2014 as “The Visual Face of Hadoop”
•Combined Endeca Server search + analytical technology with Spark data transformation

Interactive Analysis & Exploration of Hadoop Data
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Share and Collaborate on Big Data Discovery Projects
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Oracle Business Analytics and Big Data Sources
•OBIEE 11g can also make use of big data sources
‣OBIEE 11.1.1.7+ supports Hive/Hadoop as a data source
‣Oracle R Enterprise can expose R models through DB functions, columns
‣Oracle Exalytics has InfiniBand connectivity to Oracle BDA
•Endeca Information Discovery can analyze unstructured and semi-structured sources
‣Increasingly tighter-integration between
OBIEE and Endeca
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New in OBIEE 11.1.1.7 : Hadoop Connectivity through Hive
•MapReduce jobs are typically written in Java, but Hive can make this simpler
•Hive is a query environment over Hadoop/MapReduce to support SQL-like queries
•Hive server accepts HiveQL queries via HiveODBC or HiveJDBC, automatically
creates MapReduce jobs against data previously loaded into the Hive HDFS tables
•Approach used by ODI and OBIEE to gain access to Hadoop data
•Allows Hadoop data to be accessed just like any other data source
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Importing Hadoop/Hive Metadata into RPD
•HiveODBC driver has to be installed into Windows environment, so that
BI Administration tool can connect to Hive and return table metadata
•Import as ODBC datasource, change physical DB type to Apache Hadoop afterwards
•Note that OBIEE queries cannot span >1 Hive schema (no table prefixes)
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1
2
3

Set up ODBC Connection at the OBIEE Server
•OBIEE 11.1.1.7+ ships with HiveODBC drivers, need to use 7.x versions though (only Linux
supported)
•Configure the ODBC connection in odbc.ini, name needs to match RPD ODBC name
•BI Server should then be able to connect to the Hive server, and Hadoop/MapReduce
[ODBC Data Sources]
AnalyticsWeb=Oracle BI Server
Cluster=Oracle BI Server
SSL_Sample=Oracle BI Server
bigdatalite=Oracle 7.1 Apache Hive Wire Protocol
[bigdatalite]
Driver=/u01/app/Middleware/Oracle_BI1/common/ODBC/
Merant/7.0.1/lib/ARhive27.so
Description=Oracle 7.1 Apache Hive Wire Protocol
ArraySize=16384
Database=default
DefaultLongDataBuffLen=1024
EnableLongDataBuffLen=1024
EnableDescribeParam=0
Hostname=bigdatalite
LoginTimeout=30
MaxVarcharSize=2000
PortNumber=10000
RemoveColumnQualifiers=0
StringDescribeType=12
TransactionMode=0
UseCurrentSchema=0
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Dealing with Hadoop / Hive Latency Option 1 : Impala
•Hadoop access through Hive can be slow - due to inherent latency in Hive
•Hive queries use MapReduce in the background to query Hadoop
•Spins-up Java VM on each query
•Generates MapReduce job
•Runs and collates the answer
•Great for large, distributed queries ...
•... but not so good for “speed-of-thought” dashboards
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Dealing with Hadoop / Hive Latency Option 1 : Use Impala
•Hive is slow - because it’s meant to be used for batch-mode queries
•Many companies / projects are trying to improve Hive - one of which is Cloudera
•Cloudera Impala is an open-source but
commercially-sponsored in-memory MPP platform
•Replaces Hive and MapReduce in the Hadoop stack
•Can we use this, instead of Hive, to access Hadoop?
‣It will need to work with OBIEE
‣Warning - it won’t be a supported data source (yet…)
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Demo
Using Hive to Provide Data for OBIEE11g
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How Impala Works
•A replacement for Hive, but uses Hive concepts and
data dictionary (metastore)
•MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) query engine
that runs within Hadoop
‣Uses same file formats, security,
resource management as Hadoop
•Processes queries in-memory
•Accesses standard HDFS file data
•Option to use Apache AVRO, RCFile,
LZO or Parquet (column-store)
•Designed for interactive, real-time
SQL-like access to Hadoop
BI Server
Presentation Svr
Impala
Hadoop
HDFS etc
Cloudera Impala
ODBC Driver
Impala
Hadoop
HDFS etc
Impala
Hadoop
HDFS etc
Impala
Hadoop
HDFS etc
Impala
Hadoop
HDFS etc
Multi-Node
Hadoop Cluster

Connecting OBIEE 11.1.1.7 to Cloudera Impala
•Warning - unsupported source - limited testing and no support from MOS
•Requires Cloudera Impala ODBC drivers - Windows or Linux (RHEL etc/SLES) - 32/64 bit
•ODBC Driver / DSN connection steps similar to Hive
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Importing Impala Metadata
•Import Impala tables (via the Hive metastore) into RPD
•Set database type to “Apache Hadoop”
‣Warning - don’t set ODBC type to Hadoop- leave at ODBC 2.0
‣Create physical layer keys, joins etc as normal

Importing RPD using Impala Metadata
•Create BMM layer, Presentation layer as normal
•Use “View Rows” feature to check connectivity back to Impala / Hadoop
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Impala / OBIEE Issue with ORDER BY Clause
•Although checking rows in the BI Administration tool worked, any query that aggregates
data in the dashboard will fail
•Issue is that Impala requires LIMIT with all ORDER BY clauses
‣OBIEE could use LIMIT, but doesn’t for Impala
at the moment (because not supported)
•Workaround - disable ORDER BY in
Database Features, have the BI Server do sorting
‣Not ideal - but it works, until Impala supported
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Demo
Using Impala to Provide Data for OBIEE11g
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So Does Impala Work, as a Hive Substitute?
•With ORDER BY disabled in DB features, it appears to
•But not extensively tested by me, or Oracle
•But it’s certainly interesting
•Reduces 30s, 180s queries down to 1s, 10s etc
•Impala, or one of the competitor projects
(Drill, Dremel etc) assumed to be the
real-time query replacement for Hive, in time
‣Oracle announced planned support for
Impala at OOW2013 - watch this space
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Dealing with Hadoop / Hive Latency Option 2 : Big Data SQL
•Preferred solution for customers with Oracle Big Data Appliance is Big Data SQL
•Oracle SQL Access to both relational, and Hive/NoSQL data sources
•Exadata-type SmartScan against Hadoop datasets
•Response-time equivalent to Impala or Hive on Tez
•No issues around HiveQL limitations
•Insulates end-users around differences
between Oracle and Hive datasets
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Oracle Big Data SQL
•Part of Oracle Big Data 4.0 (BDA-only)
‣Also requires Oracle Database 12c, Oracle Exadata Database Machine
•Extends Oracle Data Dictionary to cover Hive
•Extends Oracle SQL and SmartScan to Hadoop
•Extends Oracle Security Model over Hadoop
‣Fine-grained access control
‣Data redaction, data masking
‣Uses fast c-based readers where possible
(vs. Hive MapReduce generation)
‣Map Hadoop parallelism to Oracle PQ
‣Big Data SQL engine works on top of YARN
Exadata
Storage Servers
‣Like Spark, Tez, MR2
Exadata Database
Server
Hadoop
Cluster
Oracle Big
Data SQL
SQL Queries
SmartScan SmartScan

Big Data SQL Server Dataflow
•Read data from HDFS Data Node
‣Direct-path reads
‣C-based readers when possible
‣Use native Hadoop classes otherwise
•Translate bytes to Oracle
•Apply SmartScan to Oracle bytes
‣Apply filters
‣Project columns
‣Parse JSON/XML
‣Score models Disks%
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Big$Data$SQL$Server$
Smart$Scan$
External$Table$Services$
SerDe%
RecordReader%
Data$Node$
10110010% 10110010% 10110010%
3%
2%
1%
1
2
3

View Hive Table Metadata in the Oracle Data Dictionary
•Oracle Database 12c 12.1.0.2.0 with Big Data SQL option can view Hive table metadata
‣Linked by Exadata configuration steps to one or more BDA clusters
•DBA_HIVE_TABLES and USER_HIVE_TABLES exposes Hive metadata
•Oracle SQL*Developer 4.0.3, with Cloudera Hive drivers, can connect to Hive metastore
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SQL> col database_name for a30
SQL> col table_name for a30
SQL> select database_name, table_name
2 from dba_hive_tables;
!
DATABASE_NAME TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
default access_per_post
default access_per_post_categories
default access_per_post_full
default apachelog
default categories
default countries
default cust
default hive_raw_apache_access_log

Hive Access through Oracle External Tables + Hive Driver
•Big Data SQL accesses Hive tables through external table mechanism
‣ORACLE_HIVE external table type imports Hive metastore metadata
‣ORACLE_HDFS requires metadata to be specified
•Access parameters cluster and tablename specify Hive table source and BDA cluster
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CREATE TABLE access_per_post_categories(
hostname varchar2(100),
request_date varchar2(100),
post_id varchar2(10),
title varchar2(200),
author varchar2(100),
category varchar2(100),
ip_integer number)
organization external
(type oracle_hive
default directory default_dir
access parameters(com.oracle.bigdata.tablename=default.access_per_post_categories));

Demo
Using Big Data SQL to Provide Data for OBIEE11g
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Alternative to Direct Against Hadoop : Export to Data Mart
•In most cases, for general reporting access, exporting into RDBMS makes sense
•Export Hive data from Hadoop into Oracle Data Mart or Data Warehouse
•Use Oracle RDBMS for high-value data analysis, full access to RBDMS optimisations
•Potentially use Exalytics for in-memory RBDMS access
RDBMS
Imports
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Loading
Stage
!!!!
Processing
Stage
!!!!
Store / Export
Stage
!!!!
Real-Time
Logs / Events
File /
Unstructured
Imports
File
Exports
RDBMS
Exports

Using the Right Server for the Right Job
•Hadoop for large scale, high-speed data ingestion and processing
•Oracle RDBMS and Exadata for long-term storage of high-value data
•Oracle Exalytics for speed-of-though analytics in TimesTen and Oracle Essbase
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Bulk Unload Summary Data to Oracle Database
•Final requirement is to unload final Hive table contents to Oracle Database
•Several use-cases for this:
•Use Hadoop / BDA for ETL offloading
•Use analysis capabilities of BDA, but then output results to RDBMS data mart or DW
•Permit use of more advanced SQL query tools
•Share results with other applications
•Can use Sqoop for this, or use Oracle Big Data Connectors
•Fast bulk unload, or transparent Oracle access to Hive
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5

Oracle Direct Connector for HDFS
•Enables HDFS as a data-source for Oracle Database external tables
•Effectively provides Oracle SQL access over HDFS
•Supports data query, or import into Oracle DB
•Treat HDFS-stored files in the same way as regular files
•But with HDFS’s low-cost
•… and fault-tolerance
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Oracle Loader for Hadoop (OLH)
•Oracle technology for accessing Hadoop data, and loading it into an Oracle database
•Pushes data transformation, “heavy lifting” to the Hadoop cluster, using MapReduce
•Direct-path loads into Oracle Database, partitioned and non-partitioned
•Online and offline loads
•Load from HDFS or Hive tables
•Key technology for fast load of
Hadoop results into Oracle DB
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IKM File/Hive to Oracle (OLH/ODCH)
•KM for accessing HDFS/Hive data from Oracle
•Either sets up ODCH connectivity, or bulk-unloads via OLH
•Map from HDFS or Hive source to Oracle tables (via Oracle technology in Topology)
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Environment Variable Requirements
•Hardest part in setting up OLH / IKM File/Hive to Oracle is getting environment variables
correct - OLH needs to be able to see correct JARs, configuration files
•Set in /home/oracle/.bashrc - see example below
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/hive
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/*:/etc/hive/conf:$HIVE_HOME/lib/
hive-metastore-0.12.0-cdh5.0.1.jar:$HIVE_HOME/lib/libthrift.jar:$HIVE_HOME/lib/libfb303-0.9.0.jar:$HIVE_HOME/
lib/hive-common-0.12.0-cdh5.0.1.jar:$HIVE_HOME/lib/hive-exec-0.12.0-cdh5.0.1.jar
export OLH_HOME=/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/lib/hadoop
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_60
export ODI_HIVE_SESSION_JARS=/usr/lib/hive/lib/hive-contrib.jar
export ODI_OLH_JARS=/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/ojdbc6.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/
product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/orai18n.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/orai18n-utility.
jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/orai18n-mapping.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/
product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/orai18n-collation.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/
oraclepki.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/osdt_cert.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/
oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/osdt_core.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/commons-math-
2.2.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar,/home/oracle/
oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/
oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/avro-1.7.3.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/avro-mapred-1.7.3-
hadoop2.jar,/home/oracle/oracle/product/oraloader-3.0.0-h2/jlib/oraloader.jar,/usr/lib/hive/lib/hive-metastore.
jar,/usr/lib/hive/lib/libthrift-0.9.0.cloudera.2.jar,/usr/lib/hive/lib/libfb303-0.9.0.jar,/usr/lib/
hive/lib/hive-common-0.12.0-cdh5.0.1.jar,/usr/lib/hive/lib/hive-exec.jar
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Configuring the KM Physical Settings
•For the access table in Physical view, change LKM to LKM SQL Multi-Connect
•Delegates the multi-connect capabilities to the downstream node, so you can use a multi-connect
IKM such as IKM File/Hive to Oracle
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Configuring the KM Physical Settings
•For the target table, select IKM File/Hive to Oracle
•Only becomes available to select once
LKM SQL Multi-Connect selected for access table
•Key option values to set are:
•OLH_OUTPUT_MODE (use JDBC initially, OCI
if Oracle Client installed on Hadoop client node)
•MAPRED_OUTPUT_BASE_DIR (set to directory
on HFDS that OS user running ODI can access)
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Executing the Mapping
•Executing the mapping will invoke
OLH from the OS command line
•Hive table (or HDFS file) contents
copied to Oracle table

Demo
Unloading Hive Data to Oracle using OLH / ODI12c
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Thank You for Attending!
•Thank you for attending this presentation, and more information can be found at http://
www.rittmanmead.com
•Contact us at info@rittmanmead.com or mark.rittman@rittmanmead.com
•Look out for our book, “Oracle Business Intelligence Developers Guide” out now!
•Follow-us on Twitter (@rittmanmead) or Facebook (facebook.com/rittmanmead)

Lesson 4 : Hadoop Data Output
and Reporting OBIEE 11g
Mark Rittman, CTO, Rittman Mead
SIOUG and HROUG Conferences, Oct 2014
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Part 4 - Hadoop Data Output and Reporting using OBIEE11g

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Part 4 - Hadoop Data Output and Reporting using OBIEE11g