Multithreading in Node.js and JavaScript
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Конференция: https://podlodka.io/fecrew Автор: https://github.com/tshemsedinov Youtube: https://youtube.com/TimurShemsedinov
![Node.js performance measurement APIs
eventLoopUtilization([elu1[, elu1]]): elu;
interface EventLoopUtilization {
idle: number;
active: number;
utilization: number;
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nodejs-multithreading-timur-shemsedinov-2021-211216085041/85/Multithreading-in-Node-js-and-JavaScript-51-320.jpg)
![Library: npm i noroutine
const noroutine = require('noroutine');
const module1 = require('./module1.js');
const module2 = require('./module2.js);
noroutine.init({ modules: [module1, module2] });
(async () => {
const res1 = await module1.method1('value1');
const res2 = await module2.method2('value2');
console.log({ res1, res2 });
})();](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/nodejs-multithreading-timur-shemsedinov-2021-211216085041/85/Multithreading-in-Node-js-and-JavaScript-53-320.jpg)
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Multithreading in Node.js and JavaScript
- 2. Processes
- 9. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes ● Threads ● Asynchronous programming
- 11. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process cluster ● Threads: C++ threads worker_threads WASM threads ● Asynchronous programming: Tons of abstractions
- 12. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster ● Threads: C++ threads worker_threads WASM threads ● Asynchronous programming Tons of abstractions
- 13. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads worker_threads WASM threads ● Asynchronous programming Tons of abstractions
- 14. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads worker_threads WASM threads ● Asynchronous programming Tons of abstractions
- 15. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads (v8 & libuv pool, addons) worker_threads WASM threads ● Asynchronous programming Tons of abstractions
- 16. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads (v8 & libuv pool, addons) worker_threads (userspace multithreading) WASM threads ● Asynchronous programming Tons of abstractions
- 18. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads (v8 & libuv pool, addons) worker_threads (userspace multithreading) WASM threads (userspace multithreading) ● Asynchronous programming Tons of abstractions
- 19. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads (v8 & libuv pool, addons) worker_threads (userspace multithreading) WASM threads (userspace multithreading) ● Asynchronous programming (single-threaded) Tons of abstractions
- 20. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads (v8 & libuv pool, addons) worker_threads (userspace multithreading) WASM threads (userspace multithreading) ● Asynchronous programming (single-threaded) Tons of abstractions: cb, event, promise, async...
- 21. callbacks
- 22. callbacks event
- 39. Concurrency in Node.js ● Processes: child_process (posix fork) cluster (legacy wrapper for child_process) ● Threads: C++ threads (v8 & libuv pool, addons) worker_threads (userspace multithreading) WASM threads (userspace multithreading) ● Asynchronous programming (single-threaded) Tons of abstractions: cb, event, promise, async...
- 42. How can we use worker_threads? ● Atomics (for CAS - compare-and-swap) ● Shared memory (SharedArrayBuffer) ● Parallel programming primitives ● Async/await as a syntax for parallel primitives
- 44. Concurrency Problems ● Race condition ● Deadlock ● Livelock ● Resource starvation ● Resource leaks
- 46. Approaches for Concurrency ● Synchronization primitives ● Special control flow organization ● Queuing theory ● Shared memory with OpenMP ● Actor model (message passing) ● Use DBMS transactions ● Specialized data structures
- 47. Synchronization Primitives ● Semaphore ● Binary semaphore ● Counting semaphore ● Condition variable ● Spinlock ● Mutex (and locks) ● Timed mutex ● Shared mutex ● Recursive mutex ● Monitor ● Barrier
- 49. Web Locks API example (async () => { await something(); await locks.request('resource', async lock => { // critical section for `resource` }); await somethingElse(); })();
- 50. Node.js performance measurement APIs ● perf_hooks eventLoopUtilization Added in: v14.10.0, v12.19.0 ● worker.performance eventLoopUtilization Added in: v15.1.0, v14.17.0, v12.22.0
- 51. Node.js performance measurement APIs eventLoopUtilization([elu1[, elu1]]): elu; interface EventLoopUtilization { idle: number; active: number; utilization: number; }
- 53. Library: npm i noroutine const noroutine = require('noroutine'); const module1 = require('./module1.js'); const module2 = require('./module2.js); noroutine.init({ modules: [module1, module2] }); (async () => { const res1 = await module1.method1('value1'); const res2 = await module2.method2('value2'); console.log({ res1, res2 }); })();
- 54. Node.js I/O concurrency model Main thread Thread Pool Task Balancer module 1 module 2 ... module M module 1 module 2 ... module M module 1 module 2 ... module M module 1 module 2 ... module M
- 55. Node.js I/O concurrency model Main thread Thread Pool Task Balancer module 1 module 2 ... module M module 1 module 2 ... module M module 1 module 2 ... module M module 1 module 2 ... module M Shared Memory
- 57. Aspects of parallel/distributed systems ● Consistency ■ Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability ■ Basically available, Soft-state, Eventually consistent ● Availability ■ Always, netsplit supported ● Partition tolerance ■ Scalability, partitioning, sharding, replications
- 58. Brewer's theorem ● Consistency + Availability Classic ACID DBMS: PG, Oracle, DB2 ● Consistency + Partition tolerance Redis, Hbase, MongoDB ● Availability + Partition tolerance DynamoDB, Riak, Cassandra
- 59. Other approaches ● MapReduce ● Lock-free Data Structures ● CRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Types) ● Byzantine generals (Byzantine fault) ● Patch-based, Paxos, Consensus protocols ● Immutable approach, statefull vs stateless ● CQRS, EventSourcing
- 62. Lectures Node.js free lectures github.com/HowProgrammingWorks/Index/blob/master/Courses/NodeJS.md Asynchronous programming github.com/HowProgrammingWorks/Index/blob/master/Courses/Asynchronous.md All lectures index github.com/HowProgrammingWorks/Index
- 63. All public talks Talks index github.com/HowProgrammingWorks/Index/blob/master/Courses/Talks.md Metarhia presentation youtu.be/PHyl4b8Fj5A Node.js in 2021 youtu.be/nnB7ADYso8s