This document discusses various Python database technologies including: 1. Python-DB and the DB-API standard for database access from Python. It also discusses MySQLdb for MySQL access. 2. Using MySQLdb to connect to a MySQL database and execute queries to retrieve and fetch data. 3. The Django web framework's ORM and how it implements the Active Record pattern for mapping database tables to model classes. 4. Other ORMs like SQLObject which also uses the Active Record pattern, and SQLAlchemy which provides both low-level SQL and a high-level ORM.