More Related Content
Similar to Object-Oriented Programming System presentation (20)
Recently uploaded (20)
Object-Oriented Programming System presentation
- 2. Agenda Python • Introduction • What is Class • Inheritance and types • Polymorphism • Abstraction • Encapsulation 2
- 3. Introduction The main concept of OOPs is to bind the data and the functions that work on that together as a single unit so that no other part of the code can access this data. Python Class A class is a collection of objects. A class contains the blueprints or the prototype from which the objects are being created. python 3
- 4. Class Syntax of Class: class ClassName: # Statement-1 . # Statement-N • Classes are created by keyword class. • Attributes are the variables that belong to a class. • Attributes are always public and can be accessed using the dot (.) operator. python 4 Eg: class Dog: sound = "bark" …....
- 5. Object • The object is an entity that has a state and behavior associated with it. • It may be any real-world object like a mouse, keyboard, chair, table, pen, etc. Integers, strings, floating-point numbers, even arrays, and dictionaries, are all objects. • More specifically, any single integer or any single string is an object. • The number 12 is an object, the string “Hello, world” is an object python 5
- 6. Object Object Consists of: • State • Behavior • Identity Example: • The identity can be considered as the name of the dog. • State or Attributes can be considered as the breed, age, or color of the dog. • The behavior can be considered as to whether the dog is eating or sleeping. python 6
- 7. Constructors and Destructors Constructors • Used for instantiating an object. • The task of constructors is to initialize(assign values) to the data members of the class when an object of the class is created. • In Python the __init__() method is called the constructor and is always called when an object is created. Syntax of constructor declaration : def __init__(self): # body of the constructor Types: Default Parameterized constructor Destructors • Destructors are called when an object gets destroyed. • In Python, destructors are not needed as much as in C++ because Python has a garbage collector that handles memory management automatically. • The __del__() method is a known as a destructor method in Python. It is called when all references to the object have been deleted i.e when an object is garbage collected. Syntax of destructor declaration : def __del__(self): # body of destructor 7
- 8. Oops Concepts • Inheritance • Polymorphism • Abstraction • Encapsulation Python 8
- 9. Inheritance Inheritance is defined as the mechanism of inheriting the properties of the base class to the child class The Parent class is the class which provides features to another class. The parent class is also known as Base class or Superclass. The Child class is the class which receives features from another class. The child class is also known as the Derived Class or Subclass. Python 9 Types of Inheritance • Single • Multiple • Multilevel • Hierarchical • Hybrid
- 10. Single Inheritance Single inheritance enables a derived class to inherit properties from a single parent class. 10 PYTHON
- 11. Multiple Inheritance • A class can be derived from more than one base class this type of inheritance is called multiple inheritances. • In multiple inheritances, all the features of the base classes are inherited into the derived class. 11 PYTHON
- 12. Multilevel Inheritance • In multilevel inheritance, features of the base class and the derived class are further inherited into the new derived class. • This is similar to a relationship representing a child and a grandfather. 12 PYTHON
- 13. Hierarchical Inheritance • When more than one derived class are created from a single base this type of inheritance is called hierarchical inheritance. • In this program, we have a parent (base) class and two or more child(derived) classes. 13 PYTHON
- 14. Hybrid Inheritance • Inheritance consisting of multiple types of inheritance is called hybrid inheritance. 14 PYTHON
- 15. Polymorphism • Polymorphism simply means having many forms. • This code demonstrates the concept of inheritance and method overriding in Python classes. • It shows how subclasses can override methods defined in their parent class to provide specific behavior while still inheriting other methods from the parent class. 15 PYTHON
- 16. Encapsulation • Encapsulation is a mechanism of wrapping the data (variables) and code acting on the data (methods) together as a single unit. • Access modifiers in the concept of Encapsulation and data hiding. • Public: Accessible from inside or outside the class. • Private: Accessible only inside class. Define a private member by prefixing the member name with two underscores. Eg: __age • Protected: Accessible. from inside the class and its sub-class. Define a protected member by prefixing the member name with an underscore Eg: _points 16 Access Modifiers •Public •Private •Protected
- 17. Abstraction • It hides unnecessary code details from the user. • Also, when we do not want to give out sensitive parts of our code implementation and this is where data abstraction came. 17 Python
- 18. SUMMARY Python • These are various Object Oriented Programming concepts in Python. • Online Reference: W3schools GeeksforGeeks 18
- 19. Thank You Any Queries ??