Operators_in_Python_Simplified_languages

OPERATORS
Problem Solving and Python Programming 2
‡ An operator is a symbol that represents an
operations that may be performed on one or
more operands.
‡ An operand is a value that a given operator is
applied to.
‡ Example: 4+(3*k)
+, * are operator and 4,3,k are operands

Different forms of operator
‡ Unary Operator:
± Unary arithmetic operators perform mathematical operations on
RQHRSHUDQGRQO7KHµ¶DQGµ-µ¶are two unary operators.
± Example:
x = -5 #Negates the value of X
x
-5
‡ Binary operator:
± A Binary operator operates on two operands
± Example:
3 + 10
13
10 ± 7
3

Types of Operators
1. Arithmetic operator
2. Relational operator
3. Logical operator
4. Bitwise operator
5. Assignment operator
6. Special operator

1. Arithmetic operator
‡ Arithmetic operators are basic mathematical
operations.
Operator Meaning Example Result
+ Addition C=12+1 C=13
- Subtraction C=12-1 C=11
* Multiplication C=12*1 C=12
/ Division C=12/1 C=12
// Floor division C=12//10 1
% Modulus C=12%10 C=2
** Exponentiation C=10**2 C=100

Example of Arithmetic Operator
print(Arithmetic Operator)
a=10
b=5
print(Addition:,a+b)
print(Subtraction:,a-b)
print(Multiplication:,a*b)
print(Division:,a/b)
print(Floor Division:,a//b)
print(Modulus:,a%b)
print(Exponent,a**b)
Output:

2. Relational operator
‡ Relational operators are also called as Comparison
operators
‡ It is used to compare values.
‡ It either returns True or False according to condition.
Greater than 56 False
Less than 56 True
== Equal to 5==6 False
!= Not equal to 5!=6 True
= Greater than or equal to 5=6 False
= Less than or equal to 5=6 True

Example of Relational Operator
print(Relational Operator)
a=10
b=5
print(ab)
print(ab)
print(a==b)
print(a!=b)
print(a=b)
print(a=b)
Output:

3. Logical operator
‡ Logical operator are typically used with
Boolean(logical) values.
‡ They allow a program to make a decision
based on multiple condition.
and True if both the
operands are true
105 and 1020 False
or True if either of the
operands is true
105 or 1020 True
not True if operands is
false ( complements
the operand)
not (1020) False

Example of Logical Operator
print(Logical Operator)
print(105 and 1020)
print(105 or 1020)
print(not(1020))
Logical Operator
False
True
False
Output:

4. Bitwise operator
‡ Bitwise operators act on operands as if they are
string of binary digits.
‡ It operates bit by bit.
Operator Meaning Example
Bitwise AND a b
| Bitwise OR a | b
~ Bitwise NOT a ~ b
^ Bitwise XOR a ^ b
Bitwise right shift a 2
Bitwise left shift a 2

5. Assignment operator
‡ Assignment operators are used to assign values
to variables.
= Assign a value a=5
+= Adds and assign the result to the variable a+=1 (a=a+1)
-= Subtracts and assign the result to the variable a-=1 (a=a-1)
*= Multiplies and assign the result to the variable a*=5 (a=a*5)
/= Division and assign the result to the variable a/= (a=a/5)
//= Floor division and assign the result to the variable a//=5(a=a//5)
%= Find modulus and assign the result to the variable a%=5 (a=a%5)
**= Find Exponentiation and assign the result to the
variable
a**=5 (a=a**5)

= Find Bitwise AND and assign the result to the variable a=5(a=a5)
|= Find Bitwise OR and assign the result to the variable a|=5(a=a|5)
^= Find Bitwise XOR and assign the result to the variable a^=5(a=a^5)
= Find Bitwise right shift and assign the result to the
variable
a=5 (a=a5)
= Find Bitwise left shift and assign the result to the
variable
a=5 (a=a5)

6. Special operator
‡ Python offers some special operators like
identity operator and the membership operator.
‡ Identity Operator:
± is and is not are the identity operator
is True if the operands
are identical
a is true
is not True if the operands
are not identical
a is not true

Example of Identity Operator
a1=5
b1=5
a2=Hello
b2=Hello
a3=[1,2,3]
b3=[1,2,3]
print(a1 is not b1)
print(a2 is b2)
print(a2 is b3)
Output:
False
True
False

‡ Membership Operators:
± in and not in are the membership operators.
in True if value/
variable is found in
the sequence
5 in a
not in True if value/
variable is not
found in the
sequence
5 not in a

Example of Membership Operator
a=Hello world
b={1,a,b,2}
print(H in a)
print(hello in a )
print(1 in b)
print(b in b)
3ULQW ³F´QRWLQE
Output:
True
False
True
True
True

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