Origins of Elixir programming language
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The document provides an overview of Elixir and Erlang, including their syntax and features. It covers the fundamental components of both languages, how they handle data types, and programming constructs. Additionally, it discusses the history, ecosystem, and practical examples of using these languages in applications.
![# my_script.exs
defmodule MyModule do
def my_func do
IO.puts("Hello, world!")
end
end
MyModule.my_func()
gmile@macbook ~> elixir my_script
Hello, world!
gmile@macbook ~> iex
iex(1)> c “my_script.exs”
[MyModule]
iex(1)> MyModule.my_func
"Hello, world!”
:ok](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-1-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def my_func(a_thing) when is_list(a_thing) do
"Got a list!”
end
def my_func(a_thing) when is_integer(a_thing) do
"Got a number!”
end
def my_func(_)
"Got something else!”
end
end
MyModule.my_func([1,2,3]) # => “Got a list!”
MyModule.my_func(369) # => “Got a number!”
MyModule.my_func(“yo”) # => “Got something else!”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-4-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def match_a_list([head|tail]) do
IO.puts(“First element is #{head}!”)
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-5-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def match_a_list([one, two|tail]) do
IO.puts(“First element is #{one}!”)
IO.puts(“Second element is #{two}!”)
match_a_list(tail)
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-6-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def match_a_list([]) do
IO.puts(“A list is empty!”)
end
def match_a_list([one, two|tail]) do
IO.puts(“First element is #{one}!”)
IO.puts(“Second element is #{two}!”)
match_a_list(tail)
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-7-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def match_a_list([one, two|tail]) do
IO.puts(“First element is #{one}!”)
IO.puts(“Second element is #{two}!”)
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-8-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def match_a_list([{_,b,_}|tail]) do
IO.puts(“First element is a tuple”)
IO.puts(“Tuple’s second element is #{b}”)
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-9-320.jpg)
![defmodule MyModule do
def match_a_list([t = {_,b,_}|tail]) do
IO.puts(“First element is a tuple of size 3”)
IO.puts(“Tuple’ss second element is #{b}”)
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-10-320.jpg)
![-module(hello).
-export([hello_world/0]).
hello_world() ->
io:fwrite("hello, worldn").](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-41-320.jpg)
![-module(count_to_ten).
-export([count_to_ten/0]).
count_to_ten() -> do_count(0).
do_count(10) ->
10;
do_count(Value) ->
do_count(Value + 1).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-43-320.jpg)
![{module, add}. %% version = 0
{exports, [{add,2},{module_info,0},{module_info,1}]}.
{attributes, []}.
{labels, 9}.
{function, add, 2, 2}.
{label,1}.
{line,[{location,"add.erl",6}]}.
{func_info,{atom,add},{atom,add},2}.
{label,2}.
{allocate,1,2}.
{move,{x,1},{y,0}}.
{line,[{location,"add.erl",7}]}.
{call,1,{f,4}}.
{move,{x,0},{x,1}}.
{move,{y,0},{x,0}}.
{move,{x,1},{y,0}}.
{line,[{location,"add.erl",7}]}.
{call,1,{f,4}}.
{line,[{location,"add.erl",7}]}.
{gc_bif,'+',{f,0},1,[{y,0},{x,0}],{x,0}}.
{deallocate,1}.
return.
{function, id, 1, 4}.
{label,3}.
{line,[{location,"add.erl",9}]}.
{func_info,{atom,add},{atom,id},1}.
{label,4}.
return.
{function, module_info, 0, 6}.
{label,5}.
{line,[]}.
{func_info,{atom,add},{atom,module_info},0}.
{label,6}.
{move,{atom,add},{x,0}}.
{line,[]}.
{call_ext_only,1,{extfunc,erlang,get_module_info,1}}.
{function, module_info, 1, 8}.
{label,7}.
{line,[]}.
{func_info,{atom,add},{atom,module_info},1}.
{label,8}.
{move,{x,0},{x,1}}.
{move,{atom,add},{x,0}}.
{line,[]}.
{call_ext_only,2,{extfunc,erlang,get_module_info,2}}.
-module(add).
-export([add/2]).
add(A, B) ->
id(A) + id(B).
id(I) ->
I.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-59-320.jpg)
![import Supervisor.Spec
children = [
supervisor(TCP.Pool, []),
worker(TCP.Acceptor, [4040])
]
Supervisor.start_link(children,
strategy: :one_for_one)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/whatiselixirjuly2016-170329110925/85/Origins-of-Elixir-programming-language-119-320.jpg)
Origins of Elixir programming language
- 1. # my_script.exs defmodule MyModule do def my_func do IO.puts("Hello, world!") end end MyModule.my_func() gmile@macbook ~> elixir my_script Hello, world! gmile@macbook ~> iex iex(1)> c “my_script.exs” [MyModule] iex(1)> MyModule.my_func "Hello, world!” :ok
- 2. defmodule MyModule do def my_func(1), do: "Got one!" def my_func(2), do: "Got two!" def my_func(n), do: "Got #{n}!" end IO.puts(MyModule.my_func(10)) IO.puts(MyModule.my_func(5)) IO.puts(MyModule.my_func(2)) IO.puts(MyModule.my_func(1))
- 3. defmodule MyModule do def my_func(1), do: "Got one!" def my_func(2), do: "Got two!" def my_func(n), do: "Got #{n}!" end MyModule.my_func(10) |> IO.puts MyModule.my_func(5) |> IO.puts MyModule.my_func(2) |> IO.puts MyModule.my_func(1) |> IO.puts
- 4. defmodule MyModule do def my_func(a_thing) when is_list(a_thing) do "Got a list!” end def my_func(a_thing) when is_integer(a_thing) do "Got a number!” end def my_func(_) "Got something else!” end end MyModule.my_func([1,2,3]) # => “Got a list!” MyModule.my_func(369) # => “Got a number!” MyModule.my_func(“yo”) # => “Got something else!”
- 5. defmodule MyModule do def match_a_list([head|tail]) do IO.puts(“First element is #{head}!”) end end
- 6. defmodule MyModule do def match_a_list([one, two|tail]) do IO.puts(“First element is #{one}!”) IO.puts(“Second element is #{two}!”) match_a_list(tail) end end
- 7. defmodule MyModule do def match_a_list([]) do IO.puts(“A list is empty!”) end def match_a_list([one, two|tail]) do IO.puts(“First element is #{one}!”) IO.puts(“Second element is #{two}!”) match_a_list(tail) end end
- 8. defmodule MyModule do def match_a_list([one, two|tail]) do IO.puts(“First element is #{one}!”) IO.puts(“Second element is #{two}!”) end end
- 9. defmodule MyModule do def match_a_list([{_,b,_}|tail]) do IO.puts(“First element is a tuple”) IO.puts(“Tuple’s second element is #{b}”) end end
- 10. defmodule MyModule do def match_a_list([t = {_,b,_}|tail]) do IO.puts(“First element is a tuple of size 3”) IO.puts(“Tuple’ss second element is #{b}”) end end
- 11. defmodule Anagram do def match(base, candidates) do base_ = String.downcase(base) fingerprint = fingerprint(base_) Enum.filter(candidates, fn(candidate) -> cand_ = String.downcase(candidate) cand_ != base_ && fingerprint(cand_) == fingerprint end) end def fingerprint(string) do string |> String.codepoints |> Enum.sort end end
- 13. Kyiv, July 2016 Introduction to Elixir & Erlang VM Kiev, 2016
- 14. Erlang. Brief history and facts Erlang VM. An overview of languages on BEAM Elixir. Brief history and ecosystem overview
- 21. Who uses Erlang in production?
- 27. version 1.03 “lost in the mists of time”
- 33. 470!
- 34. What are some of the most popular libs/projects?
- 36. How many popular projects are there, per GitHub?
- 39. erlang a mathematician a measurement unit a programming language
- 40. erlang the language itself (syntax) the OTP framework the virtual machine
- 42. Eshell V8.0.1 (abort with ^G) 1> c(hello). {ok,hello} 2> hello:hello_world(). hello, world ok
- 43. -module(count_to_ten). -export([count_to_ten/0]). count_to_ten() -> do_count(0). do_count(10) -> 10; do_count(Value) -> do_count(Value + 1).
- 45. OTP ~~~ It’s a framework ~~~ a set of design principles a set of tools
- 47. BEAM
- 48. What is BEAM?
- 49. BEAM a name for virtual machine binary file format file extension, e.g. .beam
- 50. Before BEAM Warren Abstract Machine, WAM Joe’s Abstract Machine, JAM Bogdan's Erlang Abstract Machine
- 55. What kind of virtual machine BEAM is?
- 56. What is M in VM?
- 59. {module, add}. %% version = 0 {exports, [{add,2},{module_info,0},{module_info,1}]}. {attributes, []}. {labels, 9}. {function, add, 2, 2}. {label,1}. {line,[{location,"add.erl",6}]}. {func_info,{atom,add},{atom,add},2}. {label,2}. {allocate,1,2}. {move,{x,1},{y,0}}. {line,[{location,"add.erl",7}]}. {call,1,{f,4}}. {move,{x,0},{x,1}}. {move,{y,0},{x,0}}. {move,{x,1},{y,0}}. {line,[{location,"add.erl",7}]}. {call,1,{f,4}}. {line,[{location,"add.erl",7}]}. {gc_bif,'+',{f,0},1,[{y,0},{x,0}],{x,0}}. {deallocate,1}. return. {function, id, 1, 4}. {label,3}. {line,[{location,"add.erl",9}]}. {func_info,{atom,add},{atom,id},1}. {label,4}. return. {function, module_info, 0, 6}. {label,5}. {line,[]}. {func_info,{atom,add},{atom,module_info},0}. {label,6}. {move,{atom,add},{x,0}}. {line,[]}. {call_ext_only,1,{extfunc,erlang,get_module_info,1}}. {function, module_info, 1, 8}. {label,7}. {line,[]}. {func_info,{atom,add},{atom,module_info},1}. {label,8}. {move,{x,0},{x,1}}. {move,{atom,add},{x,0}}. {line,[]}. {call_ext_only,2,{extfunc,erlang,get_module_info,2}}. -module(add). -export([add/2]). add(A, B) -> id(A) + id(B). id(I) -> I.
- 62. 158 instructions
- 64. Write your own language that compiles to BEAM!
- 65. So: what languages run on BEAM?
- 85. Jose Valim
- 98. What is Elixir?
- 103. How many popular projects are there, per GitHub?
- 105. What are some of the most popular libs?
- 110. Who uses Elixir in production?
- 114. What Joe Armstrong thinks of Elixir?
- 116. > Elixir has a non-scary syntax and combines the good features of Ruby and Erlang. > It's not Erlang and it's not Ruby and it has ideas of its own.
- 117. What Elixir offers?
- 118. defmodule MathTest do use ExUnit.Case, async: true test "can add two numbers" do assert 1 + 1 == 2 end end
- 119. import Supervisor.Spec children = [ supervisor(TCP.Pool, []), worker(TCP.Acceptor, [4040]) ] Supervisor.start_link(children, strategy: :one_for_one)
- 120. parent = self() # Spawns an Elixir process (not an OS process!) spawn_link(fn -> send parent, {:msg, "hello world"} end) # Block until the message is received receive do {:msg, contents} -> IO.puts contents end