php[world] 2016 - You Don’t Need Node.js - Async Programming in PHP

Y O U D O N ’ T N E E D N O D E . J S :
A S Y N C P R O G R A M M I N G I N P H P
P H P [ W O R L D ] 2 0 1 6

W H Y A S Y N C H R O N O U S ?

R E A C T I V E A P P L I C AT I O N S

I N T E R N E T O F T H I N G S

S TAT E F U L P R O T O C O L S E R V E R S
• WebSocket
• MQTT
• AMQP
• IRC
• XMPP
• Telnet
• SSH
• RADIUS
• LDAP
• FTP

H O W D O Y O U D O A S Y N C ?

S Y S T E M L E V E L A S Y N C
• Gearman
• Apache Spark
• AWS Lambda
• Stomp
• ZeroMQ
• AMQP
J O B S E R V E R S Q U E U I N G

C O D E L E V E L A S Y N C
• Forking and
Threading
• Asynchronous I/O
• Fork/Join
• Event Loop
S T R AT E G I E S M E T H O D O L O G I E S

F O R K I N G A N D T H R E A D I N G
• Available in PHP core since PHP 4.1
• Requires the use of shared memory
• Requires code to be written for management of
forks/threads
• Creates separate copies of code for each thread/
fork

F O R K I N G / T H R E A D I N G L I B R A R I E S
• PCNTL/POSIX — Forking and process management
• pthreads — Thread management
• Semaphore — Semaphore (locks) and shared memory
• Shared Memory — Shared memory
• Sync — Cross platform semaphore and shared
memory

A S Y N C H R O N O U S I / O
• Frees up the current process while I/O is
performed
• Executes code based on I/O events
• No copying of code for separate process

R E A L W O R L D P R O F I L E D ATA
C AT E G O RY S E G M E N T % T I M E
AV G C A L L S
( P E R T X N )
AV G
T I M E ( M S )
D ATA B A S E M Y S Q L A P P S S E L E C T 7 2 . 6 2 . 0 3 4 . 8
F U N C T I O N
A P I . H A N D L E R S . A P P S : A P P H A N
D L E R . R E N D E R _ R E S O U R C E
1 2 . 6 1 . 0 6 . 0 4
D ATA B A S E M Y S Q L A P P U S E R M A P S E L E C T 8 . 7 3 . 9 7 4 . 1 6
F U N C T I O N
P Y R A M I D . R O U T E R : R O U T E R . _ _
C A L L _ _
3 . 3 1 . 0 1 . 5 9
M Y S Q L O R G A N I Z AT I O N S
S E L E C T
2 . 2 0 . 7 1 . 5 2

A S Y N C H R O N O U S I / O L I B R A R I E S
• Streams via stream_select and socket_select
• eio — libeio
• ev — libev
• libevent — libevent
• event — libevent

F O R K / T H R E A D V S A S Y N C I / O
• Compute heavy
• Process isolation
• Non-Async library
• I/O processes
• Process/memory
optimization
F O R K / T H R E A D A S Y N C / I O

F O R K / J O I N PA R A L L E L I S M
S TA RT
P R O C E S S 1
P R O C E S S 2
P R O C E S S 3
E N DF O R K J O I N

F O R K / J O I N E X A M P L E : C U R L
// JOIN 
curl_multi_remove_handle($mh, $ch1); 
curl_multi_remove_handle($mh, $ch2); 
curl_multi_close($mh); 
$resp = array(curl_multi_getcontent($ch1),
curl_multi_getcontent($ch2));
// FORK 
$active = null; 
// Initiate the calls and check for completion 
do { 
$mrc = curl_multi_exec($mh, $active); 
} while ($mrc == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM); 
while ($active && $mrc == CURLM_OK) { 
if (curl_multi_select($mh) != -1) { 
do { 
$mrc = curl_multi_exec($mh, $active); 
} while ($mrc == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM); 
} 
}
// Create both cURL resources and add to cURL Multi 
$ch1 = curl_init('http://www.timeapi.org/utc/now'); 
$ch2 = curl_init('http://www.timeapi.org/utc/now'); 
$mh = curl_multi_init(); 
curl_multi_add_handle($mh,$ch1); 
curl_multi_add_handle($mh,$ch2);

F O R K / J O I N E X A M P L E : G U Z Z L E
// JOIN 
$promise1->wait(); 
$promise2->wait();
// FORK 
$handler = function ($response) use (&$times) { 
$times[] = $response 
->getBody() 
->read(512); 
}; 
 
$promise1 = $client 
->getAsync('http://www.timeapi.org/utc/now') 
->then($handler); 
$promise2 = $client 
->getAsync('http://www.timeapi.org/utc/now') 
->then($handler);
// Create client, request, and responses array 
$client = new GuzzleHttpClient(); 
$times = array();

E V E N T L O O P PA R A L L E L I S M
P R O C E S S
Q U E U E
I T E M
Q U E U E
I T E M
I N
Q U E U E ?
X
Yes
No
A S Y N C
P R O C E S S
A S Y N C
P R O C E S S
A S Y N C
P R O C E S S
A S Y N C
P R O C E S S

E V E N T L O O P E X A M P L E
<?php 
# Build objects to handle asynchronous interaction 
$loop = ReactEventLoopFactory::create(); 
$dnsFactory = new ReactDnsResolverFactory(); 
$dns = $dnsFactory->createCached('8.8.8.8', $loop); 
$factory = new ReactHttpClientFactory(); 
$client = $factory->create($loop, $dns); 
$resp = array();
# Create callback for handling response 
$responseHandler = function ($response) use ($resp) { 
$response->on( 'data', function ($data) use ($resp) { 
$resp[] = $data; 
}); 
};
# Queue up requests to send 
$request = $client->request('GET', 'http://www.timeapi.org/utc/now'); 
$request->on('response', $responseHandler); 
$request->end(); 
 
$request = $client->request('GET', 'http://www.timeapi.org/utc/now'); 
$request->on('response', $responseHandler); 
$request->end(); 
 
# Run the loop 
$loop->run();

F O R K / J O I N V S E V E N T L O O P
• Enhance existing
synchronous apps
• Promises
• Hack/HHVM
• Non-HTTP apps
• Full async apps
• High volume apps
F O R K J O I N E V E N T L O O P

C A L L B A C K S V S . G E N E R AT O R S

C A L L B A C K S V S . G E N E R AT O R S
class MyRequestHandler implements RequestHandler { 
 
public function onRequest(Request $request, Socket $socket) 
{ 
$response = new BasicResponse(Response::OK, [ 
'Content-Type' => 'text/plain', 
]); 
yield from $response->getBody()->end('Hello, world!'); 
return $response; 
} 
 
public function onError(int $code, Socket $socket) 
{ 
return new BasicResponse($code); 
} 
} 
 
$server = new Server(new MyRequestHandler()); 
$server->listen(8080); 
Looprun(); 
$loop = ReactEventLoopFactory::create(); 
$socket = new ReactSocketServer($loop); 
 
$http = new ReactHttpServer($socket); 
$http->on('request', function ($request, $response) { 
$response->writeHead(200, [‘Content-Type' => ‘text/plain']); 
$response->end("Hello World!n"); 
}); 
 
$socket->listen(8080); 
$loop->run(); 
Callback Generators

R E S O U R C E S
amphp icicle.io ReactPHP
PHP Asynchronous Interoperability Group
RecoilHack/HHVM

https://joind.in/talk/bec6c
P L E A S E R A T E T H I S TA L K !

P H O T O C R E D I T S B Y S L I D E
1: By SteveD. (Flickr) [CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
2: Copyright 2016 by Adam Englander. All rights reserved.
4: By Strober (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
7: By Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/
index.php?curid=5094687
10: By Victorgrigas - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20348454
14/15: By Justin De La Ornellas from China Town, Hawaii (avex18 Uploaded by clusternote) [CC BY 2.0 (http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
18: By Yoga Balaji - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35101769
20 Left: User: (WT-shared) Jpatokal at wts wikivoyage [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/
3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
All others are public domain

php[world] 2016 - You Don’t Need Node.js - Async Programming in PHP

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php[world] 2016 - You Don’t Need Node.js - Async Programming in PHP