Cadastral Maps

DIRE DAWA UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
School of Civil and Architecture Engineering
Department of Surveying Engineering
Hosting Company: Dire Dawa Land Admiration and Management Office
Project Tittle: Preparation of Cadastral Map Based on GIS In Case Of Dire
Dawa City kebele 02 some Part of Meskelegna
Prepared by: Dungo Tizazu
Id No: 1103291
Advisor Name: Mr. Yesuneh b.
Duration Date: March-June 2014
Submission Date:11/18/2022
Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

I
Declaration
I have been assigned to Dire Dawa land management and development offices at cadastral
information system (CIS). From March 2014 E.C to June 2014 E.C. I was assigned in field work,
this enables me to become experienced and introduce myself to the work environment. I showed
a great interest and desire to know the practical application of surveying work. In my stay, my
communication skill with the staff personnel, professional skills have been increased. These will
enable me to get a great opportunity in their professional practical view skill advancement.
We want to certify that he has satisfactorily completed his internship program. He was found
hard working during this period. He showed good performance and ethics towards his work and
assignments.
Name of the student:
Signature: ____________________
Date: ________________________
Company Supervisor: Ebisa Ganjo Mentor: Yesuneh Bezabh
Signature: ____________________ Signature: __________________
Date: ________________________ Date: ______________________

II
Acknowledgement
First of all, I would like to thanks my god of heaven. It is my pleasure to express my deepest
gratitude to my advisor, Mr. Yesuneh Bezabih for his fruitful and valuable comments and
guidance throughout my project. I obtain a great knowledge and skill from his advice,
comments and guidance which play a great role for the accomplishment of my project.
Finally, I would like to thank all of my best friends for their encouragement and support in my
study period and in different manners throughout my life learning process. In addition to this, I
would like to thank Dire Dawa land administration and management office.

III
Executive Summary
This project is concerned about cadastral survey that involves socio-economic data that give
clear information about parcel according to my study most of the parcels have no ownership
certificate or misplaced part of the parcel. Dire Dawa Administration Land Development and
Management Office is standing for clear and appropriate use of land in the society trough every
section of the Dire Dawa city. The Dire Dawa Administration Land Development and
Management Office are found in East part of Ethiopia. The office has its own rule and
regulation, value, mission, vision, objective and strategies to achieve its goal. The urban land use
planning and cadastral surveying development office works very hard by using its planning and
division of cadastral surveying of the town in order to increase the quality of town area and to
establish sustainable planning development of the country, to improve the living standards of the
population and to maximize customer’s satisfaction. The Dire Dawa city has different Kebele
which connected each other for the purpose of achieving the desired objectives. The urban land
use planning and cadastral surveying development office supports. Those Kebele in different
materials and prepare the necessary urban land use planning and cadastral surveying in the parcel
area requirement.

IV
Table of Contents
Declaration ..................................................................................................................................................I
Acknowledgement ......................................................................................................................................II
Executive Summary.................................................................................................................................. III
Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................. IX
CHAPTER ONE......................................................................................................................................... 1
1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Back Ground of Study....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the problem .................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Objectives ......................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 General Objective ...................................................................................................................... 2
1.3.2 Specific objective....................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Significance of the study................................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Scope of the study............................................................................................................................. 3
1.6 Limitation of the study...................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER TWO........................................................................................................................................ 4
2 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 Definition of Cadaster....................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Cadaster and Boundaries................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Cadaster and Land Administration.................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Cadaster and Land Information......................................................................................................... 7
2.4.1 Cadastral surveying techniques .................................................................................................. 9
2.5 Types of Land Registration............................................................................................................. 10

V
2.5.1 Deeds registration system......................................................................................................... 10
2.5.2 Registration of title to land....................................................................................................... 10
2.6 Application of GIS in Cadastral Information System...................................................................... 11
CHAPTER THREE .................................................................................................................................. 12
3.1 Material used and methodology ...................................................................................................... 12
3.1.1 Description of the Study Area.................................................................................................. 12
3.1.2 Geographic location ................................................................................................................. 12
3.2 Topography..................................................................................................................................... 13
3.3 Material and Software Used............................................................................................................ 14
3.3.1 Materials used .......................................................................................................................... 14
3.3.2 Software’s used........................................................................................................................ 14
3.3.2Methodology............................................................................................................................. 15
3.4 Field Work...................................................................................................................................... 16
3.5 Office Work.................................................................................................................................... 17
CHAPTER FOUR .................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1 RESULT AND DISCUSSION........................................................................................................ 18
4.1.1 Result ....................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.2 Discussion................................................................................................................................ 18
4.3 Personal land owner ship certificate................................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER FIVE ...................................................................................................................................... 27
5.1 Conclusions and Recommendations................................................................................................ 27
5.1.1 Conclusions.............................................................................................................................. 27
5.1.2 Recommendation ..................................................................................................................... 27

VI
REFERENCES......................................................................................................................................... 28
APPENDEX ............................................................................................................................................. 29

VII
List of Figure
Figure 1. Cadaster and its functions: source _ (Cadastral Surveying Training Manual) July 2012 ............. 5
Figure 2. Cadastral surveying Techniques :-( Cadastral Surveying Training Manual) July 2012 ............... 9
Figure 3. Shows the study area ................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 4. flow map.................................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 5. Map View.................................................................................................................................. 18
Figure 6. shows amount of parcel in terms of road accessibility by %...................................................... 19
Figure 7. show cadastral map of kebele 02 in terms road accessibility ..................................................... 19
Figure 8. shows amount of parcel in terms of electric accessibility by % ................................................. 20
Figure 9. show cadastral map of kebele 02 meskelagn in terms electric accessibility............................... 20
Figure 10. shows amount of parcel in terms of telephone accessibility by % ........................................... 21
Figure 11. show cadastral map of kebele 02 meskelgna in telephone accessibility.................................. 21
Figure 12. shows amount of parcel in terms of water accessibility by %.................................................. 22
Figure 13. show cadastral map of kebele 02 masekeleng in terms water accessibility.............................. 22
Figure 14. shows amount of parcel in terms of their occupation by %...................................................... 23
Figure 15. show cadastral map of meskelenga terms their occupation...................................................... 23
Figure 16. shows amount of parcel in terms of land use type by % .......................................................... 24
Figure 17. show cadastral map of kebele 02 in terms land use type.......................................................... 24
Figure 18. Kebele 02 meskelegna map attribute table............................................................................... 25
Figure 19. Sample Personal Land Owner Ship Certificate........................................................................ 26
Figure 20. road information ...................................................................................................................... 26

VIII
List of Table
Table 1. Shows material used ................................................................................................................... 14
Table 2. Shows software used................................................................................................................... 14

IX
Acronyms
CIS Cadastral Information System
GTP Growth and Transformation Plan
GOE Government of Ethiopia
E.C Ethiopian Calendar
LDMO Land Development and Management Office
GPS Global Positioning System
GIS Geographic Information System
ICT Information Communication Technology
LA Land Administration
LAS Land Administration System
MSL mean see level

INTERNSHIP PROJECT Page 1
CHAPTER ONE
1 Introduction
1.1 Back Ground of Study
Ancient forms of land records started in Greece, Egypt, Rome and China. Modern cadasters
(land registers) began in Europe where the Physic rates held the view that land was the basis of
all riches and as such the funds for maintenance of society should be obtained from taxing land.
Importance of legal protection of real property brought about the legal cadaster (Cadastral
survey) became very important. Cadastral is branch of surveying which is concerned with the
survey and demarcation of land for the purpose of defining parcels of land for registration in a
land registry .Cadastral surveying is a broader term embracing all kinds of Land surveying that
and used to creates or re-establish marks and define boundaries of tracts of land. The main
purpose of cadastral is deals with properties of boundaries. It includes field notes and
measurement. On the other hand, cadastral map refers to any map on scale large enough to show
every field or plot of land and building. According to three sets of complimentary techniques of
cadastral surveying are: ground surveying, photogrammetry and remote sensing. All of them are
concerned with the discovery, recording and presentation of spatially referenced data. It also that
branch of surveying which is concerned with the survey and demarcation of Land for the purpose
of defining parcels of land for registration in land registry. Cadastral Surveys are normally
conducted by city, town and village governments, and are the result of surveys, identifying the
property owner, lot number and type of land, as well as measuring the site’s dimensions, area
and boundaries with adjacent sites. Cadastral Surveys also include the preparation of maps and
books from these measurements. The Cadastral maps and cadastral books prepared from the
results of cadastral surveys are submitted to official registration offices where, after being
certified, they replace old maps Under the Property Registration Law. The site descriptions in the
original title register will also be rewritten. Through cadastral surveys, the cadaster (the most
fundamental level of information on land) is clarified, and land-transactions can be more easily
conducted. Also, by clarifying personal rights and interests over land, cadastral surveys also
contribute to the protection of land based assets. At the same time, because cadastral information
captures precise figuration and area Measurements, administrative agencies are able to prepare
basic maps for GIS purposes and thus to utilize cadastral surveys as base information for drafting

plans involving land and for various other services to the general public. Cadastral maps are that
shows the boundaries and ownership of parcels. Some cadastral map show additional details such
as district names, unique identifying number of parcels, certificate of title numbers ,position of
existing structure, section r lot number and their respective areas ,adjoining and adjacent street
names, selected boundary dimension and references to prior
1.2 Statement of the problem
In Dire Dawa city most areas haven’t cadastral map that gives full information for those people
wants to know about the Dire Dawa city and also there are some new constructed parcels.
Therefore, the corner of these parcels is unknown. And other problems are lack of proper
boundary lines. If the cadaster can apply the exact and true boundary line each owner can know
their own property land owners. So, our project is based on the problems listed above and
focuses on the solution of these complicated problems. So, by considering this problem our
project will answer the listed below: -
 How much areas have cover in parcel?
 Where is the location of the parcel?
 Who is the owner of the parcel?
 Is the owner occupied or not?
 What type of land is it commercial? Residential, or mixed?
 What is the service of the parcel and what social infrastructures used by the House hold
in the area and others are to be answered by this project?
1.3 Objectives
1.3.1 General Objective
 The main objective of this project is to provide cadastral map for some parts of kebele 02
around Sabian Meskelegna Dire Dawa city according to their parcel description.
1.3.2 Specific objective
The specific objective of this project is:

 To Identify the current ownership information
 To collect socio-economic data of parcels
 To integrate the information on the land with the map
1.4 Significance of the study
The Significance of the project run over the student skill development in Practical surveying
practices. Some skill that we have dig out while performing this project listed as follows:
1. Helps as simple foresight how the surveyors face difficulty in performing different tasks
on the field and office practices.
2. It also enables us to work with modern surveying equipment and applicable surveying
software's better than the previous time, which helps the future surveyors for the expected
field and office practices in the future.
3. To change tradition methodologies of land recording to computerized system
1.5 Scope of the study
The scope of this project is to improve and update the previous cadastral data collecting,
processing and handling system using new technological instruments such as Computer, Total
Station and Differential GPS and also to identify the problems that have been occurred. The main
focus of these studies is on urban cadaster of the city which is mainly focused on the field data
acquisition methods, field survey operation and procedures, up to data processing and analysis
methodology of coordinate based urban cadastral mapping.
1.6 Limitation of the study
Lack of organized data in the office and Lack of instruments
 Peoples are not well awareness what we are doing
 Some house doesn’t have regular shape
 Lack of transportation service from office to study area
 Lack of instrument in field area
 Unwillingness of the owners to forwards the accurate information

CHAPTER TWO
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
1.2 Definition of Cadaster
Cadastral Maps are the backbone of LIS which have to be updated by undertaking regular
surveying operations to capture the ground realities with regards to fragmentation of parcels or
consolidation of boundaries. The word cadasters are from the Latin language which refers to the
registry of lands. Cadastral Surveying is a discipline which deals with large scale surveying of
parcels of land and preparation of Cadasters, to serve as public register of the lands for fiscal
purposes in addition to establishing the ownership rights. Implementation of LIS therefore is not
a simple matter as it involves legal, political and technical issues. Therefore, the needs to resolve
these three most important issues are significant (EnemarkEt Al, 2005).
Cadaster is a parcel based and up-to-date land information system containing a record of interests
in the land (e.g. rights, restriction and responsibilities). It usually includes a geometric
description of land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of the interests, and often
the value of the parcel and its improvements. Cadaster:-
 Is a land measurement activity whose purpose:-
1. Is to describe new or changed boundaries of land parcels and
2. Includes recovery and restoration of lost boundaries on the ground
 Has to give unambiguous information on spatial information like locations, sizes and
shapes of the land parcels.
 Has to do with determining and defining land ownership and boundaries on proprietary
parcel.
 Ensures that; rights and restrictions about properties are identified spatially.
 Gives an answer to the questions “who”, “where” and “how much”

Who?
How?
Where?
How much?
Overview
A cadastral map is a map that shows the boundaries and ownership of land parcels. Some
cadastral maps show additional details, such as survey district names, unique identifying
numbers for parcels, certificate of title numbers, positions of existing structures, section or lot
numbers and their respective areas, adjoining and adjacent street names, selected boundary
dimensions and references to prior maps. The cadastral surveying is the sub field of surveying
that specializes in the establishment and re-establishment of real property boundaries. It’s an
important component of the legal creation of properties. A cadastral surveyor must apply both the
spatial measurement principle of general surveying. As mentioned, Land registration is the
process by which the documentation affecting interests inland are recorded in a public register.
Land surveying
It deals with land boundaries. And is a line of demarcation between adjoining tracts of land. It is
usually marked on the ground by various kinds of monuments placed specifically for that
purpose. A boundary line between privately owned parcels of Land is generally called a property
line. Hence, the designation property surveying is usually considered to be synonymous with
land surveying. In a broad sense all land survey is cadastral surveying. It is derived from the
word cadaster, which is an official register of the quantity, valve and owner ship of real state.
Figure 1. Cadaster and its functions: source _ (Cadastral Surveying Training Manual) July 2012

Cadastral primarily survey mark, define, retrace and create land boundaries. The term is used
primarily to designate surveys of the public lands of U.S.A a more concise and practical
definition of cadastral surveying is given by Dave in which they said a cadastral surveying is the
definition, identification, demarcation, measuring and mapping of new or changed legal parcel
boundaries. It usually includes the process of re-establishing lost boundaries and sometimes
resolving disputes over boundaries or other interests in real property. Cadastral surveying is the
term generally used to describe the gathering and recoding of data about land parcels, even
where the records do not form part of an official cadaster, cadastral surveys are concerned with
geometrical data, especially the size, shape and location of each land parcel.
There are always specific regulations regarding training and experience for surveyors wishing to
carry out cadastral surveys because they have a professional responsibility to society, cadastral
surveys are carried out by governmental officials and private surveyors or by a combination of
both special certifications is required and this can be administered either by the site or by a
professional society.
2.2 Cadaster and Boundaries
A boundary is a line of demarcation of the area of is to define areas of jurisdiction. They serve as
lines of divisions form international and state boundaries to simple lot line in urban areas. They
are essential in maintenance of good will and cordial relations in community life. Hence these
boundaries should be reliably delineated. Indefinite property lines can lead to disputes and
controversy. The boundary surface inter-sects the ground along the legal boundary line; stepping
over this line is equivalent to passing through the bead curtain. In many jurisdictions coordinate
geometry or least squares adjustments are used to compute the shape and extent of parcels. In
practice, most people mark the limits of their property on the surface of the Earth either with
linear features, such as fences or hedges, or with point features, such as wooden pegs, iron bars
or concrete markers. These physical objects may also be referred to as the boundary, though they
may not follow the same line in space as the legal limit. The information for the Coordinate
geometry and adjustments are usually extracted from information in the public records, such as
recorded deeds or surveys. A property boundary survey is essential, when sub dividing land.
It is also recommended:

 When buying, selling, investing in all developing property
 If a boundary location is un known or un clear
 To stop encroachments from adjoining owners
 To establish easement and rights of way etc.
2.3 Cadaster and Land Administration
Land administration is the processes of determining, recording and disseminating information
about the tenure, value and use of land when implementing land management policies. It is
considered to include land registration, cadastral surveying and mapping, fiscal, legal and multi-
purpose cadasters and land information systems. Therefore; land administration system in this
context is considered to be the processes of recording and disseminating information about
ownership, value, and use of land, whereby the process dealing with spatial information on land
is linking and underpinning the other processes. Land administration systems, in principle,
reflect the social relationship between people and land recognized by any particular jurisdiction
or state. On the other hand, Land Administration Systems are not an end in itself but facilitate the
implementation of the land policies within the context of a wider national land management
framework. Land administration systems and the core cadastral component provide information
about geographical objects and their attributes. In this regard the principle of data sharing should
be applied when creating a national Geo-spatial data infrastructure that include cadastral and
Topographic datasets and provide access to complete and up-to date information on the built and
natural environment.
2.4 Cadaster and Land Information
The cadastral systems comprise a land information system and a cadastral survey and/or
mapping system as key components. The cadastral survey comprises processes such as the
control of geodetic data, parcel demarcation and surveying, cadastral mapping, cadastral
mutation and map updating. Cadaster and Land Registration Land registration is a process of
official recording of rights in land through deeds or as title on properties. It means that there is an
official record (land register) of rights on land or of deeds concerning changes in the legal
situation of defined units of land. Land registration is system by which ownership of real
property is established through the issuance of an official certificate As Zevenbergen and

Bogart’s (2001) mentioned, “Land information “is the process by which the documentation
affecting interests in land are recorded in a public register. This is the official legal registration of
properties and legal rights. The International Federation of Surveyors (FIG, 1995) defines a
cadaster as a “parcel based and up-to-date land information system containing a record of
interests in land (e.g. rights, restrictions and responsibilities)”. It usually includes a geometric
description of land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of the interests,
ownership or control of those interests, and often the value of the parcel and its improvements. It
may be established for fiscal purposes (valuation and taxation), legal purposes (conveyance), to
assist in the management of land and land-use control (planning and administration), and enables
sustainable development and environmental improvement”. However, the concept of Cadaster is
difficult to identify. It may be designed in many different ways, depending on the origin, history
and cultural development of the region or country. Basically, a cadaster as such is just a record
that identifies the individual land parcels/properties. The purpose of this identification may be
taxation (as was the reason for establishing the European cadasters) or it may be security of land
rights (as was the case when establishing the Torrens systems in the new world such as
Australia). Today, most cadastral registers around the world is linked to both the land
value/taxation area and the area of securing legal rights in land. Therefore, it makes sense to talk
about Cadastral Systems or Cadastral Infrastructures rather than just Cadaster. These systems or
infrastructures include the interaction between the identification of land parcels, the registration
of land rights, the valuation and taxation of land and property, and the control of present and
possible future use of land (Enemark et al, 2005). According to Tuladhar (1998) the term
Cadaster includes different types of purposes such as,
Juridical: a register of ownership of the proprietary land parcel;
Fiscal: a register of properties recording their value to support taxation;
Land use: a register of land use; and when a cadaster serves as a supplier of up-to-date and
reliable land information at an affordable cost, it is then termed as Multipurpose Cadaster.

The objective of the multipurpose cadaster is to provide a service through which the dynamics of
the land parcel may be studied and also meet the demands of the evolution of LAS which means
the needs of the users.
2.4.1 Cadastral surveying techniques
Maps may be produced from primary sources in two ways.
1. Ground survey and the other
2. Air survey that is by taking measurements from aerial photographs
3. (Satellite images).
Points identified on overlapping aerial photographs may be transformed into positions on maps
either by mechanical analogue means or through the use of mathematical techniques. The
processes are known as photogrammetry; require some ground measurements to be taken in
order to establish the precise scale and orientation of any map in relation to the ground data. The
quality of modern instrumentation is now so good that in conjunction with computerized
techniques and aerial triangulation, the ground control points that must be provided are relatively
few. The actual number depends on the size and shape of the area to be mapped, the accuracy
required, and the scale of the photography.
Direct Technique Indirect Technique
Cadastral surveying
Techniques
Aerial Survey
(Airborne)
Field Survey Satellite Images
(Space borne)
Figure 2. Cadastral surveying Techniques :-( Cadastral Surveying Training Manual) July 2012

2.5 Types of Land Registration
2.5.1 Deeds registration system
A copy of all agreements that affect the ownership and possession of the land must be registered
at the Land Office. As a result, by searching the registry for the most recent document of transfer,
any would-be purchaser should feel confident that the vendor has the right to sell. Inspection of
the register will show how the vendor obtained the property and the conditions under which it
was acquired. This of course provides no proof that the previous transaction was legitimate,
hence the transaction before that should be inspected and so on until the purchaser is confident
that there is a clear chain of title. A deed registration means that the deed itself, being a
documented in the registry office describes an isolated transaction. This deed is the evidence that
a particular transaction took place, but in principle; in itself is not the proof of the legal
ownership right. The registration of deeds adopted is not an independent system of its own. The
principle is to protect the real owner from the risk of registration of the wrong one. The real
owner can claim his/her ownership through court proceedings and if it is confirmed by the court,
the new ownership is registered according to the court decision. While such registries do not
actually guarantee title, they provide the most important evidence of ownership that can be
assumed to be correct unless proved otherwise in the courts. The key factor here is the accuracy
and the completeness of the documents including maps to show the boundaries as the basis of the
initial registration. The three ideal components of ownership are the true title holder, the parcel
boundaries that are based on agreement with adjoining title holders and the type of land right are
to be identified. In the deeds registration system, the legal strength of the registry is enforced if
the real owner is documented, and the agreed boundaries are surveyed as such that the cadastral
map is capable of reconstructing the correct location of the lost or disputed boundaries in the
field. The type of right applied to the title of ownership is through the authority assigned by the
law and the state. In this system the registers are treated as primary evidence rather than
definitive proof.
2.5.2 Registration of title to land
In this system each land parcel is identified on a map and the rights associated with it are
recorded on the register. In addition, the name of the owner is recorded. When the whole of the

land is subject to transfer, only the name of the owner need be changed. When part of the land is
transferred, the plans must be amended and new documents issued. In registration of title, it is
the property object (land parcel, flat/apartment, and house) itself that is registered and therefore
the title is registered together with the details about the transaction in relation to the real property
object. The primary focus is not on the person claiming or temporarily in possession of a
property but on the immovable and defined real property object that is the basis of record. The
title register is proof of title and its correctness at all times is commonly guaranteed by the state.
This means the title must be inspected but unlike in the deeds system there is no need to trace
ownership back to good root of title.
2.6 Application of GIS in Cadastral Information System
A Geographic information system can be described as a special type of information system,
which deals with geographic data and information. Arc GIS is most commonly described as a
specialized an aspect of computer hardware, software, graphical data and personal designed to
efficiently collect, manage, analysis and display all forms of geographically referenced data and
information. A large-scale project will produce digital land registration, digital cadastral maps,
and cadastral index maps for the whole country in the long run. To see specifically GIS issues in
land records. A geographic information system (GIS) is any manual or computer-based set of
procedures used to store and manipulate geographically referenced data. Arc GIS is a computer-
based system that provides the following four sets of capabilities to handle Geo-referenced data
1. Input
2. Data management (data storage and retrieval)
3. Manipulation and analysis and
4. Output
There are many manual systems that are used routinely to perform these functions and are
effective for the tasks they perform and under the conditions in which they operate. Geographic
data are inherently a form of spatial data; geographic data can be represented on a map or in a
GIS as ether point, Line or area features. GIS facility is to assist the user in accomplishing the
goals of their respective organizations.

CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Material used and methodology
3.1.1 Description of the Study Area
3.1.2 Geographic location
Dire Dawa Administrative Council is located between 90
27`N and 90
49`N latitude and 410
38`E
and 420
19`E longitude, and in the eastern marginal catchment of Awash basin. East Hararge
Administrative zone of Oromia Regional State borders it in the south and southeast and Shinele
zone of Somalia Regional State in the north, east and west. Dire Dawa city is accessible by
airplane, train and cars, and is about 515kms road distance to the east of Addis Ababa and
311kms to the west of Djibouti port. The total area of the region is about 128,802ha and average
elevation is about 1200m above mean see level (MSL). The study area is located in Dire Dawa
city Keble 02 around Sabian Meskelegna and contains 1 block and 31parcels of land.
Figure 3. Shows the study area

3.2 Topography
Dire Dawa city is located in the east Ethiopia about 515 km from the capital city Addis Ababa.
The city has altitude 7°57′N and longitude 39°7′E with in N elevation of 2430 meter more hilly
and mountainous area in the town above sea level having the range of 2460m. Mostly average
rain falls in year.
Language and Religion
Dire Dawa is known to be a home of peoples which speak different languages and different
religion followers. Different languages are spoken in the city of Dire Dawa some of these are
Afaan Oromo, Amharic, Af-Somali, Tigrigna, guragegna.The workings languages of the city are
Amharic There are also peoples speaking Afaan Oromo, and Af-Somali. Dire Dawa city is
known with diverse field religion followers peacefully. There are International Seventh day
Adventist, Christianity, Islamic, Protestant and others.
Climate
The climatic condition of Dire Dawa seems to be greatly influenced by its topography, which lies
between 950-1250 meter above sea level, and which is characterized by warm and dry climate
with a relatively low level of precipitation. The mean annual temperature of Dire Dawa is about
25.40
C. The average maximum temperature of Dire Dawa is 31.40
C, while its average minimum
temperature is about 18.20
C. Topography of the Dire Dawa city administration is covered by
mountain and three seasonal rivers are found in the city.

3.3 Material and Software Used
3.3.1 Materials used
Table 1. Shows material used
No Item Purpose
1. Sokkia Total station with all
accessories
Collecting spatial data and non-spatial data
establishment of control point
2. Differential GPS For establishments control point
3. Data transfer cable Transferring the data from instrument to the
computer
4. Paper For computation, sketch and ….
5. Computer To process our data, to produce the base map
6. Tape To measure distances
7. Mobile phone For communication
3.3.2 Software’s used
Table 2. Shows software used
No Name of software Function
1 MS office 2010 To transfer the data from the Terra model software to the Arc GIS
software
To write our project report
2 Arc GIS 10
version Adding crated shape file in to Arc Map software and digitizing the
data in to it. Then map is generated in the computer.
3 Autodesk For the creation of separate layers for buildings, roads, platforms,
trees, etc., then this file can be for input to the Arc GIS

3.3.2Methodology
Field survey Office work
Reconnaissance survey
Prepare free hand sketch
Establish control point
Collecting data
Coordinate
Socio-economic data
Download data from instrument
Change data to proper format
Import to GIS soft were
Digitalizing
Fill in attribute
Cadastral map
MAP
Problem Identification
Figure 4. flow map

3.4 Field Work
I. Reconnaissance survey
It is the preliminary investigation of the entire area to be surveyed. It is rough and rapid survey
conducted to examination the territory to be surveyed. It is also the key and most important in
any survey work to estimate the rough duration of time, material need and cost of the project
work. During reconnaissance we visit the study area, selecting suitable location of control point,
searching existing known control point for reference and preparing the rough or free hand sketch
of the study area.
II. Data collection
A. Collection of coordinates
The data was collected by ground method of surveying using total station for each parcel corner,
means that the data required for this project is x and y coordinate data of the corners of each
parcel.
B. Collection of socio-economic data
Socio- economic data is a data which are non-spatial data required for cadastral survey which
includes the description user name, owner name of land, telephone accessibility, road
accessibility, land use type, water accessibility and electric accessibility of the parcel etc. Socio-
economic data are the most commonly required raw data for cadastral mapping. So, to collect the
socio-economic data of each parcel all group members are undergoing to the project area for Five
days respectively.
Advantage of socio- economic data
I. To get clear information about the parcel’s ownerships
II. To find out the social infrastructure used by house holds
III. To search out the social problems
IV. To get information about the land acquisition type in the site

Disadvantage of socio-economic data
I. It is difficult to organize and filling
II. It takes time to collect
III. It is difficult to get the real information from the society
3.5 Office Work
Transfer data from total station to flash
Since for this project I use Sokkia total station, this total station is easy for transfer Coordinate
data from it to flash. So, to transfer data to flash: -
1. Slide the catch on interface hatch cover down to open the flash home
2. Insert the USB memory device in the respective slot
3. Close the cover
4. Then press [USB] on the status screen
5. Select “T” type then press [ENT] after selection
6. Finally select the JOB to be transfer to flash then press {ENT}and [OK]
II. Change data to csv (comma delimited) format
Since data is (SDR) format while we transfer data from total station to flash and computer, then
these (SDR) format must change to csv (comma delimited) format to import our coordinate data
To A CAD or to ArcGIS software.so to accomplish this:-
Open new Microsoft excels then open that downloaded data select delimited from
Alternative then click next tick (tab, semicolon, comma. Space and others) then
click next finish

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1.1 Result
The result of this project is cadastral base map for the Dire Dawa city which contains the map
shows their parcel Area, land use type. The cadastral base map we prepare also contains data
base about the parcel of land prepared by ArcGIS software
4.1.2 Discussion
Cadastral Map Part Kebele 02 around meskelegna of Dire Dawa city this is a map which shows
the general included parcels of the study area, with this Assigned with parcel ID, owner name,
and UPIN-12 of 199 parcels are included in the area.
Figure 5. Map View
a) Cadastral map of kebele 02 meskelenga terms of road accessibility
The chart and map blow shows the status of land parcel in terms of road type
accessibility. As it Shown in the figure, parcels which are accessed by coble are 164
parcels, 35 parcels accessed 30 parcels gravel

Figure 6. shows amount of parcel in terms of road accessibility by %
Figure 7. show cadastral map of kebele 02 in terms road accessibility
b) Cadastral map of kebele 02 meskeleng in terms of electric accessibility
The chart and map blow shows the status of land parcel in terms of electric accessibility.
Shown in the figure, parcels which are accessed by electric are 181 parcels, 3 parcels are
not
18%
81%
1%
Road
Asphalt Roads
Coble Roads
Gravel Roads

Accessed by electric and the remaining 30 parcels are no information.
Figure 8. shows amount of parcel in terms of electric accessibility by %
Figure 9. show cadastral map of kebele 02 meskelagn in terms electric accessibility
c) Cadastral map of kebele 02 maskeleng in terms of telephone accessibility
The chart and map blow shows the status of land parcel in terms of telephone
accessibility. As it
82%
3%
15%
Electric
Electric Access
No Electric
No Info

Shown in the figure, parcels which are accessed by telephone are 19 parcels, 150 parcels
are not
Accessed by telephone and the remaining 30 parcels are no information.
Figure 10. shows amount of parcel in terms of telephone accessibility by %
Figure 11. show cadastral map of kebele 02 meskelgna in telephone accessibility
d) Cadastral map of kebele 01 part of dire dawa city in terms of water accessibility
9%
76%
15%
Telephone
Telephone Access
No Telephone
No Info

The chart and map blow shows the status of land parcel in terms of water accessibility.
As it Shown in the figure, parcels which are accessed by water are 176 parcels, 3parcels
are not Accessed by water and the remaining 30 parcels are no information.
Figure 12. shows amount of parcel in terms of water accessibility by %
Figure 13. show cadastral map of kebele 02 masekeleng in terms water accessibility
e) Cadastral map of kebele 02 part of dire dawa city in terms of their occupation
80%
5%
15%
water
Water Access
No Water
No Info

The chart and map blow shows the status of land parcel in terms of their occupation. As it
shown
In the figure, parcels 68 which are owned by public servant people, 50 parcels are owned
by
Self-employed people 119 and the remaining 30 parcels are no information.
Figure 14. shows amount of parcel in terms of their occupation by %
Figure 15. show cadastral map of meskelenga terms their occupation
f) Cadastral map of kebele 02 meskeleng in terms of land use type
25%
60%
15%
Occupation
Public servents
Self-employer
No info

The chart and map blow shows the status of land parcel in terms of land use type. As it
shown in the figure, 1 parcel is covered by church, 5 parcels are under construction area
the remaining 193 parcels are covered by residential
Figure 16. shows amount of parcel in terms of land use type by %
Figure 17. show cadastral map of kebele 02 in terms land use type
0%
3%
97%
land use type
church ariea

Figure 18. Kebele 02 meskelegna map attribute table
4.3 Personal land owner ship certificate
Is the legal document that describes about land:
 Size in m2
 Coordinate
 Name of owner
 Land description

Figure 19. Sample Personal Land Owner Ship Certificate
Figure 20. road information

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Conclusions and Recommendations
5.1.1 Conclusions
This project is proposed an outline of the advantages of modern cadastral mapping or digital
cadastral map to find multipurpose cadastral system. it is the safe manner to integrate all the
project related to land planning and management, this study takes the consideration of different
like cadastral map as the result obtained from this study most of them are accessed by, link rood
and from land use type most of the parcels are covered by residential. Finally, by considering
these this project is a cadastral surveying and mapping using GIS which is an organized
collection of computer hard ware and software, data and analyst to effective capture, store,
manipulation, analyze and retrieve spatial and non-spatial information, we collect spatial and
non- spatial data of study area. From these data prepared a cadastral map using GIS both hard
copy and soft copy in order to display the socio-economic data of each parcel.
5.1.2 Recommendation
As it is concluded above digital cadastral map of Dire Dawa city is generated which includes
different parcel parameters by using ground survey: -
 The difficult of materials and also software are identified because of occurred different
instrument from organization to organization, so it best if instruction or orientation of
instrument should be given.
 The people live in this area should increase the knowledge of cadaster and give the
necessary information needed for cadastral survey.
 There should be a close relationship between the universities, specifically surveying
department and Keble and municipal administrative to cooperate for the students during
field work in every aspect.
October 3, 219

REFERENCES
 Data from company
 Cadastral surveying a Manuel Lenco Amanu, (2014).
 Amanuel Tasfaye project (Addis Ababa) website
 GIS Hand book, 2nd Edition (India).
 http:// WWW.google.com (website)
 J.Magarsa 2011 project
 Introduction of GIS to surveying application - by Mishra, H.C., 2000,
 Land registration manual.
 Urban land use planning and cadastral surveying book and manual
 Urban land holding adjudication and registration standard. Standard no 05/2007
 Elementary Surveying an Introduction to Geomatics, Thirteenth Edition
 (peter Wyatt and martin ralphs). GIS in land and property management
 Standard on Manual Cadastral Maps and Parcel Identifiers Approved August (2004)
 (E Musonda, April 2009). Introduction to Cadastral Surveying
 https:(n.d.)
.Retrievedfrom//staticcontent.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs12665-009-0134-
1/MediaObjects/12665_2009_HTML.gif.
 McGregor-Hill edition (2002)” introduction to geographic information system”
 Albert K.W. young (2002)” concepts and techniques of geographic information system”
 WWW. Cadastral surveying .com (and other related web sites)
 http://www.Gis.educ/in home/ (and other related web sites)

APPENDEX
i. Collected Coordinate Data as the sample
point
no x Y
1 812496.747 1063190.742
2 812494.450 1063184.329
4 812505.290 1063142.324
5 812512.313 812512.313
6 812518.266 1063206.845
7 812544.578 1063263.135
8 812546.702 1063269.666
9 812499.638 812499.638
10 812520.856 1063266.994
11 812525.857 1063282.797
12 812503.677 1063214.004
13 812509.375 1063230.902
14 812548.529 1063275.701
15 812518.690 1063208.043
16 812552.320 1063246.314
17 812522.891 1063218.790
18 812548.863 1063234.745
19 812547.843 1063230.881
20 812539.081 1063228.456
21 812545.665 1063225.276
22 812518.671 1063238.219
23 812543.164 1063219.661
24 812517.728 1063238.079
25 812539.271 1063209.149
26 812540.078 1063208.710

27 812524.557 1063242.203
28 812530.104 1063240.489
29 812540.360 1063250.003
30 812539.000 1063228.123
31 812537.784 1063233.843
32 812534.088 1063233.092
33 812490.681 1063138.123
34 812490.509 1063138.524
35 812536.786 1063230.447
36 812523.843 1063222.113
37 812536.578 1063230.186
38 812534.940 1063238.900
39 812530.051 1063230.061
40 812495.964 1063145.756
41 812514.437 812514.437
42 812528.266 1063265.683
43 812532.702 1063280.774
44 812557.834 1063265.865
45 812555.984 1063259.049
46 812531.199 1063183.711
47 812524.990 1063166.450
48 812522.105 1063156.781
49 812516.187 1063138.150
50 812536.793 1063200.127
51 812490.515 1063141.753
52 812512.272 1063239.504
53 812500.002 1063151.715
54 812502.872 1063161.716
55 812506.043 1063170.613
56 812529.401 1063265.137

57 812530.680 1063275.131
58 812553.751 1063251.793
59 812527.446 1063173.555
60 812519.361 1063147.378
66 812513.692 1063130.550
67 812534.072 1063192.144
68 812481.536 1063141.389
69 812516.624 1063225.592
70 812499.859 1063151.344
71 812502.787 1063160.963
72 812505.483 1063170.721
73 812515.305 1063198.543
74 812526.805 1063253.989
75 812542.579 1063256.993
76 812507.494 1063150.527
77 812499.292 1063135.405
78 812508.793 1063179.913
79 812501.882 1063143.211
80 812528.184 1063248.100
81 812491.601 1063175.181
82 812497.667 1063151.998
83 812488.440 1063165.437
84 812518.004 1063257.916
85 812496.690 1063190.759
86 812511.439 1063187.193
88 812527.554 1063248.374
89 812485.497 1063156.112
90 812559.618 1063272.025
91 812523.623 1063237.670

ii. Collected socio economic data as the sample

Cadastral Maps

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